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One header file Commandline Parse for C++11

[ Japanese (日本語) / English ]

https://github.com/trueroad/cmdlineparse

Commandline Parse is a command line parser for C++11. It consists of only one header file. Therefore, you can use it easily.

Build samples

There are two ways for building samples.

Manually compile

The samples can be built by something like the following commands. You might need different commands and options depending on the environment.

Simple sample

$ g++ -std=c++11 -o simple-sample simple-sample.cc

Advanced sample

$ g++ -std=c++11 -o advanced-sample advanced-sample.cc

i18n sample

i18n sample requires gettext.

$ g++ -std=c++11 -o i18n-sample -DENABLE_NLS -DLOCALEDIR="\".\"" -DPACKAGE="\"cmdlineparse\"" i18n-sample.cc -lintl
$ mkdir -p ja/LC_MESSAGES
$ msgfmt -o ja/LC_MESSAGES/cmdlineparse.mo po/ja.po

Autotools

Commandline Parse does not require Autotools. But, the samples can be built easily by Autotools as the following commands.

$ ./autogen.sh
$ ./configure
$ make

If you would like i18n sample, something like the following commands may be convenient.

$ ./autogen.sh
$ ./configure --prefix /path/to/mo/install/directory
$ make
$ make -C po install

Usage

Simple sample

Here is a part of simple-sample.cc.

#include <iostream>
#include "cmdlineparse.hh"

int main (int argc, char *argv[])
{
  // Prepare parser instance
  cmdlineparse::parser cmd;

  // Prepare variable to store the parse result
  std::string str;
  bool flag;

  // Set version string for `--help' and `--version' etc.
  cmd.set_version_string (
"One header file Commandline Parse for C++11: Simple Sample\n"
"Copyright (C) 2016 Masamichi Hosoda. All rights reserved.\n"
                          );

  // Add `--help' and `--version' options
  cmd.add_default ();

  // Add a string option
  //   1st arg: short option name
  //   2nd arg: long option name
  //   3rd arg: a pointer to store the parse result
  //   4th arg: default value
  //   5th arg: description for `--help'
  //            Four spaces indent is recommended.
  cmd.add_string ('s', "string", &str, "foobar",
                  "    Specify string option.");

  // Add a flag option
  //   1st arg: short option name
  //   2nd arg: long option name
  //   3rd arg: pointer to store the parse result
  //   4th arg: description for `--help'
  //            This parser doesn't warp text automatically.
  //            Four spaces indent is recommended.
  cmd.add_flag ('f', "flag", &flag,
                "    This is a flag.\n"
                "    Second line.\n"
                "    This parser doesn't warp text automatically.");

  // Parse
  if (!cmd.parse (argc, argv))
    return 0;

  // Output results
  std::cout << "string option = \"" << str << "\"" << std::endl;
  std::cout << "flag = " << ( flag ? "true" : "false" ) << std::endl;

  return 0;
}

Here are some outputs:

Short option -h prints help and exit.

$ ./simple-sample -h
One header file Commandline Parse for C++11: Simple Sample
Copyright (C) 2016 Masamichi Hosoda. All rights reserved.

Usage: ./simple-sample [options] ...

  -h, --help
    Print help and exit
  -V, --version
    Print version and exit
  -s, --string=STRING   (default=foobar)
    Specify string option.
  -f, --flag
    This is a flag.
    Second line.
    This parser doesn't warp text automatically.

No options produces default results.

$ ./simple-sample
string option = "foobar"
flag = false

String option sets a variable. All option style -s baz, -sbaz, --string baz, and --string=baz provide same result.

$ ./simple-sample -s baz
string option = "baz"
flag = false

Flag option sets true. All option style -f and --flag provide same result.

$ ./simple-sample -f
string option = "foobar"
flag = true

Here is combined example.

$ ./simple-sample --string=baz -f
string option = "baz"
flag = true

Here is another combined example.

$ ./simple-sample -fsbaz
string option = "baz"
flag = true

String option requires an argument.

$ ./simple-sample -s
./simple-sample: option requires an argument -- s

Flag option cannot have arguments.

$ ./simple-sample --flag=baz
./simple-sample: option doesn't take an argument -- flag

Abbreviated long option can be used.

$ ./simple-sample --fl --str=baz
string option = "baz"
flag = true

Advanced sample

Advanced sample is advanced-sample.cc. Here is an output:

$ ./advanced-sample --help
One header file Commandline Parse for C++11 2016-09-29.21
Copyright (C) 2016 Masamichi Hosoda. All rights reserved.
License: BSD-2-Clause

https://github.com/trueroad/cmdlineparse/

Usage: ./advanced-sample [options] [FILES] ...

  -h, --help
    Print help and exit
  -V, --version
    Print version and exit
  -s, --string=STRING   (default=foo)
    Specify string option.
  -f, --flag
    This is a flag.
    Second line.
    This parser doesn't warp text automatically.
  -H, --handler[=OPTION]
    This is option handler
Description only
  description only

Group1:
  -tFILENAME   (default=bar)
    Specify string option 2.
  --flag-another
    This is a flag 2.
  -F, --callback-func=OPTARG   (OPTARG is required)
    This is callback hander
  Description 2
    description only 2 - first line
    description only 2 - second line

Group2:
  -a, --abort=FLAG   (possible value=true, false)
    This option aborts parsing
    If FLAG=true, abort parsing
Abort reason is option_handler -- help

i18n sample

i18n sample is i18n-sample.cc. Here is an output:

$ LANG=ja_JP.UTF-8 ./i18n-sample -h
One header file Commandline Parse for C++11: i18n Sample
Copyright (C) 2016 Masamichi Hosoda. All rights reserved.

使い方: ./i18n-sample [オプション] ...

  -h, --help
    ヘルプを表示して終了
  -V, --version
    バージョンを表示して終了
  -s, --string=STRING   (デフォルト=foobar)
    文字列オプションを指定.
  -f, --flag
    これはフラグです.
    二行目.
    このパーサは自動改行しません.

$ LANG=C ./i18n-sample -h
One header file Commandline Parse for C++11: i18n Sample
Copyright (C) 2016 Masamichi Hosoda. All rights reserved.

Usage: ./i18n-sample [options] ...

  -h, --help
    Print help and exit
  -V, --version
    Print version and exit
  -s, --string=STRING   (default=foobar)
    Specify string option.
  -f, --flag
    This is a flag.
    Second line.
    This parser doesn't warp text automatically.

Declaration

Add option

Add an option handler

bool add_handler (char short_name,
                  const std::string &long_name,
                  arg_mode has_arg,
                  std::function<bool(const std::string&)> option_handler,
                  const std::string &description = "",
                  const std::string &typestr = "",
                  const std::string &header = "",
                  const std::string &group = "");

Add an option handler.

  • Parameters:
    • short_name: Short option name. If 0, short_name is not added.
    • long_name: Long option name. If empty, long_name is not added.
    • has_arg: One of the followings three like getopt_long ().
      • no_argument: The option does not take an argument.
      • required_argument: The option requires an argument.
      • optional_argument: The option takes an argument.
    • option_handler: Option handler. It is called when the parser found the option. Its parameter is the option's argument or empty. If it returns false, the parsing is aborted.
    • description: Description body of the option. It is added to a help message. It doesn't warp text automatically because wrapping is difficult for multibyte encodings like UTF-8 etc.
    • typestr: Argument type string. It is added to a help message.
    • header: Description header of the option. It is added to a help message.
    • group: Group name of the option. It is used for help message group.
  • Return value:
    • true: The addition has been completed.
    • false: The given option name already has been registered. Nothing was changed.

Add a flag option

bool add_flag (char short_name,
               const std::string &long_name,
               bool *flag,
               const std::string &description = "",
               const std::string &group = "");

Add a flag option.

  • Parameter:
    • flag: A pointer of flag. One of the following will be set.
      • true: The parser found the option.
      • false: The parser didn't found the option.
    • Other parameters are same as add_handler ().
  • Return value:
    • Return value is same as add_handler ().

Add a string option

bool add_string (char short_name,
                 const std::string &long_name,
                 std::string *var,
                 const std::string &defval,
                 const std::string &description = "",
                 const std::string &typestr = "STRING",
                 const std::string &group = "");

Add a string option.

  • Parameter:
    • var: A pointer of string. When the parser found the option, its argument is set to var.
    • defval: Default value. When the parser didn't fount the option, this value is set to var.
    • Other parameters are same as add_handler ().
  • Return value:
    • Return value is same as add_handler ().

Add help description

void add_description (char short_name,
                      const std::string &long_name,
                      arg_mode has_arg,
                      const std::string &description,
                      const std::string &typestr = "",
                      const std::string &header = "",
                      const std::string &group = "");

Add help description. This function adds only the description. It is added to a help message. The parser behavior is not changed.

  • Parameter:
    • All parameters are same as add_handler ().

Add default handler

help
bool add_default_help (void);

Add default help option handler. This function adds -h and --help option.

  • Return value:
    • Return value is same as add_handler ().
version
bool add_default_version (void);

Add default version option handler. This function adds -V and --version option.

  • Return value:
    • Return value is same as add_handler ().
both help and version
bool add_default (void);

Add default option handler. This function adds -h, --help, -V, and --version options.

  • Return value:
    • Return value is same as add_handler ().

Parse

Parse options

bool parse (int argc, char const* const* argv, int optind = 1);

Parse options.

  • Parameter:
    • argc and argv: Arguments from main ().
    • optind: The index of the first argument for parsing.
  • Return value:
    • true: The parsing has been completed. get_unamed_args () can be used.
    • false: The parsing was aborted. get_abort_reason () and get_abort_option () can be used.

Get unamed_args

const std::vector<std::string> &get_unamed_args () const noexcept;

Get unnamed arguments (extra options). This function can be used after the parsing has been completed.

Get abort reason

abort_reason get_abort_reason () const noexcept;

Get abort reason. This function can be used after the parsing was aborted.

Get abort option

const std::string &get_abort_option () const noexcept;

Get abort option. This function can be used after the parsing was aborted.

Build / Get strings

Build default strings

usage
std::string build_usage (void) const;

Build usage strings. It can be used for custom help handler etc.

help
std::string build_help (void) const;

Build help strings. It can be used for custom help handler etc.

version
const std::string &get_version_string () const noexcept;

Get version strings. It can be used for custom version handler etc.

Customize

Change default strings

version strings
void set_version_string (const std::string &s);

Set version strings. get_version_string (), build_help (), and default option handlers use this strings.

If you doesn't use this function, default version strings is used. If you use Autotools, the default version strings is built from Autotools macro. If you don't use Autotools, the default version strings is built from argv[0].

usage_unamed_opts strings
void set_usage_unamed_opts (const std::string &s);

Set usage_unamed_opts strings. build_usage (), build_help (), and default help handlers use this strings.

Change default behavior

opterr
void set_opterr (bool flag) noexcept;
  • true (default): The parser outputs an error message to standard error when the error happens.
  • false: The parser doesn't output any error messages.
long_only
void set_long_only (bool flag) noexcept;
  • true: The parser behavior becomes like getopt_long_only (). i.e. single hyphen long option (something like -long_option) is acceptable.
  • false (default): The parser behavior becomes like getopt_long (). i.e. long option must have double hyphen (something like --long_option).
continue_on_error
void set_continue_on_error (bool flag) noexcept;
  • true: The parser continues parsing even if an error happened.
  • false (default): The parser aborts parsing when an error happened.
abbreviated_long_name
void set_abbreviated_long_name (bool flag) noexcept;
  • true (default): Abbreviated long option can be used.
  • false: Long option must be an exact match.

License

Copyright (C) 2016, 2017, 2019 Masamichi Hosoda. All rights reserved.

License: BSD-2-Clause

See LICENSE.

If you prefer GPL, Extract PDFmark contains GPL version of Commandline Parse.

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One header file Commandline Parse for C++11

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