diff --git a/packages/next/build/webpack/plugins/flight-client-entry-plugin.ts b/packages/next/build/webpack/plugins/flight-client-entry-plugin.ts
index 16d60c3a0b501..afccbb5e11294 100644
--- a/packages/next/build/webpack/plugins/flight-client-entry-plugin.ts
+++ b/packages/next/build/webpack/plugins/flight-client-entry-plugin.ts
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ import type {
 import { APP_DIR_ALIAS } from '../../../lib/constants'
 import {
   COMPILER_NAMES,
+  EDGE_RUNTIME_WEBPACK,
   FLIGHT_SERVER_CSS_MANIFEST,
 } from '../../../shared/lib/constants'
 import { FlightCSSManifest, traverseModules } from './flight-manifest-plugin'
@@ -84,35 +85,51 @@ export class FlightClientEntryPlugin {
       ReturnType<typeof this.injectClientEntryAndSSRModules>
     > = []
 
-    // For each SC server compilation entry, we need to create its corresponding
-    // client component entry.
-    for (const [name, entry] of compilation.entries.entries()) {
-      // Check if the page entry is a server component or not.
-      const entryDependency: webpack.NormalModule | undefined =
-        entry.dependencies?.[0]
-      // Ensure only next-app-loader entries are handled.
-      if (!entryDependency || !entryDependency.request) continue
-
-      const request = entryDependency.request
+    // Loop over all the entry modules.
+    function forEachEntryModule(
+      callback: ({
+        name,
+        entryModule,
+      }: {
+        name: string
+        entryModule: any
+      }) => void
+    ) {
+      for (const [name, entry] of compilation.entries.entries()) {
+        // Check if the page entry is a server component or not.
+        const entryDependency: webpack.NormalModule | undefined =
+          entry.dependencies?.[0]
+        // Ensure only next-app-loader entries are handled.
+        if (!entryDependency || !entryDependency.request) continue
+
+        const request = entryDependency.request
+
+        if (
+          !request.startsWith('next-edge-ssr-loader?') &&
+          !request.startsWith('next-app-loader?')
+        )
+          continue
 
-      if (
-        !request.startsWith('next-edge-ssr-loader?') &&
-        !request.startsWith('next-app-loader?')
-      )
-        continue
+        let entryModule: webpack.NormalModule =
+          compilation.moduleGraph.getResolvedModule(entryDependency)
 
-      let entryModule: webpack.NormalModule =
-        compilation.moduleGraph.getResolvedModule(entryDependency)
+        if (request.startsWith('next-edge-ssr-loader?')) {
+          entryModule.dependencies.forEach((dependency) => {
+            const modRequest: string | undefined = (dependency as any).request
+            if (modRequest?.includes('next-app-loader')) {
+              entryModule =
+                compilation.moduleGraph.getResolvedModule(dependency)
+            }
+          })
+        }
 
-      if (request.startsWith('next-edge-ssr-loader?')) {
-        entryModule.dependencies.forEach((dependency) => {
-          const modRequest: string | undefined = (dependency as any).request
-          if (modRequest?.includes('next-app-loader')) {
-            entryModule = compilation.moduleGraph.getResolvedModule(dependency)
-          }
-        })
+        callback({ name, entryModule })
       }
+    }
 
+    // For each SC server compilation entry, we need to create its corresponding
+    // client component entry.
+    forEachEntryModule(({ name, entryModule }) => {
       const internalClientComponentEntryImports = new Set<
         ClientComponentImports[0]
       >()
@@ -123,15 +140,13 @@ export class FlightClientEntryPlugin {
         const layoutOrPageDependency = connection.dependency
         const layoutOrPageRequest = connection.dependency.request
 
-        const [clientComponentImports, cssImports] =
+        const [clientComponentImports] =
           this.collectClientComponentsAndCSSForDependency({
             layoutOrPageRequest,
             compilation,
             dependency: layoutOrPageDependency,
           })
 
-        Object.assign(flightCSSManifest, cssImports)
-
         const isAbsoluteRequest = layoutOrPageRequest[0] === '/'
 
         // Next.js internals are put into a separate entry.
@@ -170,7 +185,28 @@ export class FlightClientEntryPlugin {
           bundlePath: 'app-internals',
         })
       )
-    }
+    })
+
+    // After optimizing all the modules, we collect the CSS that are still used.
+    compilation.hooks.afterOptimizeModules.tap(PLUGIN_NAME, () => {
+      forEachEntryModule(({ entryModule }) => {
+        for (const connection of compilation.moduleGraph.getOutgoingConnections(
+          entryModule
+        )) {
+          const layoutOrPageDependency = connection.dependency
+          const layoutOrPageRequest = connection.dependency.request
+
+          const [, cssImports] =
+            this.collectClientComponentsAndCSSForDependency({
+              layoutOrPageRequest,
+              compilation,
+              dependency: layoutOrPageDependency,
+            })
+
+          Object.assign(flightCSSManifest, cssImports)
+        }
+      })
+    })
 
     compilation.hooks.processAssets.tap(
       {
@@ -261,6 +297,21 @@ export class FlightClientEntryPlugin {
       const isClientComponent = isClientComponentModule(mod)
 
       if (isCSS) {
+        const sideEffectFree =
+          mod.factoryMeta && (mod.factoryMeta as any).sideEffectFree
+
+        if (sideEffectFree) {
+          const unused = !compilation.moduleGraph
+            .getExportsInfo(mod)
+            .isModuleUsed(
+              this.isEdgeServer ? EDGE_RUNTIME_WEBPACK : 'webpack-runtime'
+            )
+
+          if (unused) {
+            return
+          }
+        }
+
         serverCSSImports[layoutOrPageRequest] =
           serverCSSImports[layoutOrPageRequest] || []
         serverCSSImports[layoutOrPageRequest].push(modRequest)
diff --git a/test/e2e/app-dir/app/app/css/css-page/page.js b/test/e2e/app-dir/app/app/css/css-page/page.js
index 2fbdf86dedd54..10799b9671766 100644
--- a/test/e2e/app-dir/app/app/css/css-page/page.js
+++ b/test/e2e/app-dir/app/app/css/css-page/page.js
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import './style.css'
+
 import styles from './style.module.css'
 
 export default function Page() {
diff --git a/test/e2e/app-dir/app/app/css/css-page/unused/page.js b/test/e2e/app-dir/app/app/css/css-page/unused/page.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..b3fa35d7cf2b6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/e2e/app-dir/app/app/css/css-page/unused/page.js
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+import { styles } from './styles'
+
+export default function Page() {
+  return (
+    <>
+      <h1>Page</h1>
+      <div id="cssm" className={styles.mod}>
+        CSSM
+      </div>
+    </>
+  )
+}
diff --git a/test/e2e/app-dir/app/app/css/css-page/unused/styles.js b/test/e2e/app-dir/app/app/css/css-page/unused/styles.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..d191a9a4e1560
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/e2e/app-dir/app/app/css/css-page/unused/styles.js
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+import unused from './unused.module.css'
+import styles from '../style.module.css'
+
+export { unused, styles }
diff --git a/test/e2e/app-dir/app/app/css/css-page/unused/unused.module.css b/test/e2e/app-dir/app/app/css/css-page/unused/unused.module.css
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..67ed738ab1f52
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/e2e/app-dir/app/app/css/css-page/unused/unused.module.css
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+.this_should_not_be_included {
+  color: red;
+}
diff --git a/test/e2e/app-dir/index.test.ts b/test/e2e/app-dir/index.test.ts
index 24470ecca6683..c67d345bb0d35 100644
--- a/test/e2e/app-dir/index.test.ts
+++ b/test/e2e/app-dir/index.test.ts
@@ -1186,6 +1186,17 @@ describe('app dir', () => {
             )
           ).toBe('rgb(0, 0, 255)')
         })
+
+        if (!isDev) {
+          it('should not include unused css modules in the page in prod', async () => {
+            const browser = await webdriver(next.url, '/css/css-page')
+            expect(
+              await browser.eval(
+                `[...document.styleSheets].some(({ rules }) => [...rules].some(rule => rule.selectorText.includes('this_should_not_be_included')))`
+              )
+            ).toBe(false)
+          })
+        }
       })
 
       describe('client layouts', () => {