diff --git a/runtime/doc/syntax.txt b/runtime/doc/syntax.txt
index 7b555d3ca1779..443594d5b6a06 100644
--- a/runtime/doc/syntax.txt
+++ b/runtime/doc/syntax.txt
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-*syntax.txt*	For Vim version 9.2.  Last change: 2026 Jul 29
+*syntax.txt*	For Vim version 9.2.  Last change: 2026 Aug 04
 
 
 		  VIM REFERENCE MANUAL	  by Bram Moolenaar
@@ -3705,12 +3705,15 @@ reduce this, the "sh_maxlines" internal variable can be set.  Example: >
 The default is to use the twice sh_minlines.  Set it to a smaller number to
 speed up displaying.  The disadvantage is that highlight errors may appear.
 
-syntax/sh.vim tries to flag certain problems as errors; usually things like
-unmatched "]", "done", "fi", etc.  If you find the error handling problematic
-for your purposes, you may suppress such error highlighting by putting
-the following line in your .vimrc: >
+Unmatched "]", "done", "fi", etc., are highlighted as errors by default.  If
+you find this error handling problematic, you may suppress it with: >
 
-	let g:sh_no_error= 1
+	let g:sh_no_error = 1
+<
+As a refinement, you may suppress only certain classes of errors by looking
+up their syntax rule names and listing them with: >
+
+	let g:sh_no_error_rules = ["shCurlyError", "shParenError"]
 <
 
 						*sh-embed*  *sh-awk*
diff --git a/runtime/syntax/sh.vim b/runtime/syntax/sh.vim
index 52d50df85300a..97cfbc448447a 100644
--- a/runtime/syntax/sh.vim
+++ b/runtime/syntax/sh.vim
@@ -189,6 +189,29 @@ else
     com! -nargs=* ShFoldIfDoFor <args>
 endif
 
+" Set up a syntax error command for shell {{{1
+" =======================================
+if exists("g:sh_no_error_rules") && type(g:sh_no_error_rules) == type([])
+    fun! s:DefineSyntaxErrorRule(rule) abort
+        " Read shFooName from either ([syn, match, ]shFooName, "regexp") etc.
+        " or ([hi, def, ]link, shFooName).
+        let parts = matchlist(a:rule, '\(\(\S\+\)\s\+\(\S\+\)\s*\)\{2}')
+        " Do not define rules for names listed in "g:sh_no_error_rules".
+        if len(parts) < 4 || !xor(index(g:sh_no_error_rules, parts[2]) < 0, index(g:sh_no_error_rules, parts[3]) < 0)
+            exec a:rule
+        endif
+    endfun
+elseif exists("g:sh_no_error")
+    fun! s:DefineSyntaxErrorRule(_)
+    endfun
+else
+    fun! s:DefineSyntaxErrorRule(rule) abort
+        exec a:rule
+    endfun
+endif
+
+com! -nargs=+ ShDefSynErrRule call s:DefineSyntaxErrorRule(<q-args>)
+
 " Generate bracket expression items {{{1
 " =================================
 " Note that the following function can be invoked as many times as necessary
@@ -258,7 +281,7 @@ syn cluster shDerefList	contains=shDeref,shDerefSimple,shDerefVar,shDerefSpecial
 syn cluster shDerefVarList	contains=shDerefOffset,shDerefOp,shDerefVarArray,shDerefOpError
 syn cluster shEchoList	contains=shArithmetic,shBracketExpr,shCommandSub,shCommandSubBQ,shDerefVarArray,shSubshare,shValsub,shDeref,shDerefSimple,shEscape,shExSingleQuote,shExDoubleQuote,shSingleQuote,shDoubleQuote,shCtrlSeq,shEchoQuote
 syn cluster shExprList1	contains=shBracketExpr,shNumber,shOperator,shExSingleQuote,shExDoubleQuote,shSingleQuote,shDoubleQuote,shExpr,shDblBrace,shDeref,shDerefSimple,shCtrlSeq
-syn cluster shExprList2	contains=@shExprList1,@shCaseList,shTest,shFunctionNameError
+syn cluster shExprList2	contains=@shExprList1,@shCaseList,shTest,shFunctionNameAssignError
 syn cluster shFunctionCmds	contains=shFor,shCaseEsac,shIf,shRepeat,shDblBrace,shDblParen
 if exists("b:is_ksh88") || exists("b:is_mksh")
     " Offer "shFunctionCmds" as is.
@@ -284,7 +307,7 @@ if exists("b:is_kornshell") || exists("b:is_bash")
 endif
 syn cluster shPPSLeftList	contains=shAlias,shArithmetic,shBracketExpr,shCmdParenRegion,shCommandSub,shSubshare,shValsub,shCtrlSeq,shDeref,shDerefSimple,shDoubleQuote,shEcho,shEscape,shExDoubleQuote,shExpr,shExSingleQuote,shHereDoc,shNumber,shOperator,shOption,shPosnParm,shHereString,shRedir,shSingleQuote,shSpecial,shStatement,shSubSh,shTest,shVariable
 syn cluster shPPSRightList	contains=shDeref,shDerefSimple,shEscape,shPosnParm
-syn cluster shSubShList	contains=shBracketExpr,@shCommandSubList,shCommandSubBQ,shSubshare,shValsub,shCaseEsac,shColon,shCommandSub,shComment,shDo,shEcho,shExpr,shFor,shIf,shHereString,shRedir,shSetList,shSource,shStatement,shVariable,shCtrlSeq,shOperator,shFunctionNameError
+syn cluster shSubShList	contains=shBracketExpr,@shCommandSubList,shCommandSubBQ,shSubshare,shValsub,shCaseEsac,shColon,shCommandSub,shComment,shDo,shEcho,shExpr,shFor,shIf,shHereString,shRedir,shSetList,shSource,shStatement,shVariable,shCtrlSeq,shOperator,shFunctionNameAssignError
 syn cluster shTestList	contains=shArithmetic,shBracketExpr,shCommandSub,shCommandSubBQ,shSubshare,shValsub,shCtrlSeq,shDeref,shDerefSimple,shDoubleQuote,shSpecialDQ,shExDoubleQuote,shExpr,shExSingleQuote,shNumber,shOperator,shSingleQuote,shTest,shTestOpr
 syn cluster shNoZSList	contains=shSpecialNoZS
 syn cluster shForList	contains=shTestOpr,shNumber,shDerefSimple,shDeref,shCommandSub,shCommandSubBQ,shSubshare,shValsub,shArithmetic
@@ -323,20 +346,18 @@ endif
 
 " Error Codes: {{{1
 " ============
-if !exists("g:sh_no_error")
-    syn match   shDoError "\<done\>"
-    syn match   shIfError "\<fi\>"
-    syn match   shInError "\<in\>"
-    syn match   shCaseError ";;"
-    syn match   shEsacError "\<esac\>"
-    syn match   shCurlyError "}"
-    syn match   shParenError ")"
-    syn match   shOK	'\.\(done\|fi\|in\|esac\)'
-    if exists("b:is_kornshell") || exists("b:is_bash")
-        syn match     shDTestError "]]"
-    endif
-    syn match     shTestError "]"
+ShDefSynErrRule syn match   shDoError "\<done\>"
+ShDefSynErrRule syn match   shIfError "\<fi\>"
+ShDefSynErrRule syn match   shInError "\<in\>"
+ShDefSynErrRule syn match   shCaseError ";;"
+ShDefSynErrRule syn match   shEsacError "\<esac\>"
+ShDefSynErrRule syn match   shCurlyError "}"
+ShDefSynErrRule syn match   shParenError ")"
+ShDefSynErrRule syn match   shOK	'\.\(done\|fi\|in\|esac\)'
+if exists("b:is_kornshell") || exists("b:is_bash")
+    ShDefSynErrRule syn match     shDTestError "]]"
 endif
+ShDefSynErrRule syn match     shTestError "]"
 
 " Options: {{{1
 " ====================
@@ -427,8 +448,8 @@ ShFoldIfDoFor syn region	shCaseEsac	matchgroup=shConditional start="\<case\>" en
 syn keyword shCaseIn	contained skipwhite skipnl in			nextgroup=shCase,shCaseStart,shCaseBar,shComment,shCaseExSingleQuote,shCaseSingleQuote,shCaseDoubleQuote
 if exists("b:is_bash") || (exists("b:is_kornshell") && !exists("b:is_ksh88"))
     syn region  shCaseExSingleQuote	matchgroup=shQuote start=+\$'+ skip=+\\\\\|\\.+ end=+'+	contains=shStringSpecial,shSpecial	skipwhite skipnl nextgroup=shCaseBar	contained
-elseif !exists("g:sh_no_error")
-    syn region  shCaseExSingleQuote	matchgroup=Error start=+\$'+ skip=+\\\\\|\\.+ end=+'+	contains=shStringSpecial	skipwhite skipnl nextgroup=shCaseBar	contained
+else
+    ShDefSynErrRule syn region  shCaseExSingleQuote	matchgroup=Error start=+\$'+ skip=+\\\\\|\\.+ end=+'+	contains=shStringSpecial	skipwhite skipnl nextgroup=shCaseBar	contained
 endif
 syn region  shCaseSingleQuote	matchgroup=shQuote start=+'+ end=+'+		contains=shStringSpecial		skipwhite skipnl nextgroup=shCaseBar	contained
 syn region  shCaseDoubleQuote	matchgroup=shQuote start=+"+ skip=+\\\\\|\\.+ end=+"+	contains=@shDblQuoteList,shStringSpecial	skipwhite skipnl nextgroup=shCaseBar	contained
@@ -472,8 +493,8 @@ if exists("b:is_kornshell") || exists("b:is_bash") || exists("b:is_posix")
     syn region shArithmetic matchgroup=shArithRegion  start="\$\[" skip='\\\\\|\\.' end="\]" contains=@shArithList
     syn match  shSkipInitWS contained	"^\s\+"
     syn region shArithParen matchgroup=shArithRegion  contained start="(" end=")" contains=@shArithParenList
-elseif !exists("g:sh_no_error")
-    syn region shCommandSub matchgroup=Error start="\$(" end=")" contains=@shCommandSubList
+else
+    ShDefSynErrRule syn region shCommandSub matchgroup=Error start="\$(" end=")" contains=@shCommandSubList
 endif
 syn region shCmdParenRegion matchgroup=shCmdSubRegion start="((\@!" skip='\\\\\|\\.' end=")" contains=@shCommandSubList
 
@@ -534,9 +555,9 @@ if exists("b:is_bash") || exists("b:is_kornshell")
     syn match   shSpecial	"^\(\\\\\)*\zs\\\o\o\o\|\\x\x\x\|\\c[^"]\|\\[abefnrtv]"	contained
     syn region  shExSingleQuote	matchgroup=shQuote start=+\$'+ skip=+\\\\\|\\.+ end=+'+	contains=shStringSpecial,shSpecial		nextgroup=shSpecialNxt
     syn region  shExDoubleQuote	matchgroup=shQuote start=+\$"+ skip=+\\\\\|\\.\|\\"+ end=+"+	contains=@shDblQuoteList,shStringSpecial,shSpecial	nextgroup=shSpecialNxt
-elseif !exists("g:sh_no_error")
-    syn region  shExSingleQuote	matchGroup=Error start=+\$'+ skip=+\\\\\|\\.+ end=+'+	contains=shStringSpecial
-    syn region  shExDoubleQuote	matchGroup=Error start=+\$"+ skip=+\\\\\|\\.+ end=+"+	contains=shStringSpecial
+else
+    ShDefSynErrRule syn region  shExSingleQuote	matchGroup=Error start=+\$'+ skip=+\\\\\|\\.+ end=+'+	contains=shStringSpecial
+    ShDefSynErrRule syn region  shExDoubleQuote	matchGroup=Error start=+\$"+ skip=+\\\\\|\\.+ end=+"+	contains=shStringSpecial
 endif
 syn region  shSingleQuote	matchgroup=shQuote start=+'+ end=+'+		contains=@Spell	nextgroup=shSpecialStart,shSpecialSQ
 syn region  shDoubleQuote	matchgroup=shQuote start=+\%(\%(\\\\\)*\\\)\@<!"+ skip=+\\.+ end=+"+			contains=@shDblQuoteList,shStringSpecial,@Spell	nextgroup=shSpecialStart
@@ -632,12 +653,13 @@ endif
 
 " KornShell namespace: {{{1
 if exists("b:is_kornshell") && !exists("b:is_ksh88") && !exists("b:is_mksh")
-    syn keyword shFunctionKey namespace	skipwhite skipnl nextgroup=shNamespaceOne
+    syn keyword shFunctionKey namespace	skipwhite nextgroup=shNamespaceOne
 endif
 
 " Functions: {{{1
 if !exists("b:is_posix")
-    syn keyword shFunctionKey function	skipwhite skipnl nextgroup=shDoError,shIfError,shFunctionTwo,shFunctionFour,shFunctionCmdTwo
+    syn match shFunctionKeyDelim "\s\+"	contained transparent nextgroup=shDoError,shIfError,shFunctionNameCommentError,shFunctionTwo,shFunctionFour,shFunctionCmdTwo
+    syn match shFunctionKey "\<function\s\@="	nextgroup=shFunctionKeyDelim
 endif
 
 ShFoldFunctions syn region shFunctionExpr	matchgroup=shFunctionExprRegion start="{"	end="}"	contains=@shFunctionList	 contained skipwhite skipnl nextgroup=shQuickComment
@@ -650,15 +672,19 @@ if exists("b:is_bash")
     syn match shFunctionCmdOne	"\%#=1^\s*\zs\%(\%(\<\k\+\|[^()<>|&$;\t ]\+\)\+\)\@>\s*()\ze\_s*\%(\%(for\|case\|select\|if\|while\|until\)\>\|\[\[\s\|((\)"	skipwhite skipnl nextgroup=@shFunctionCmds contains=shFunctionParens
     syn match shFunctionCmdTwo	"\%#=1\%(\%(\<\k\+\>\|[^()<>|&$;\t ]\+\)\+\)\@>\ze\s*\%(()\ze\)\=\_s*\%(\<\%(for\|case\|select\|if\|while\|until\)\>\|\[\[\s\|((\)"	contained skipwhite skipnl nextgroup=@shFunctionCmds contains=shFunctionParens
     syn match shFunctionOne	"\%#=1^\s*\zs\%(\%(\<\k\+\|[^()<>|&$;\t ]\+\)\+\)\@>\s*()\ze\_s*{"	skipwhite skipnl nextgroup=shFunctionExpr contains=shFunctionParens
-    syn match shFunctionTwo	"\%#=1\%(\%(\<\k\+\|[^()<>|&$;\t ]\+\)\+\)\@>\ze\s*\%(()\ze\)\=\_s*{"	contained skipwhite skipnl nextgroup=shFunctionExpr contains=shFunctionParens
     syn match shFunctionThree	"\%#=1^\s*\zs\%(\%(\<\k\+\|[^()<>|&$;\t ]\+\)\+\)\@>\s*()\ze\_s*((\@!"	skipwhite skipnl nextgroup=shFunctionSubSh contains=shFunctionParens
-    syn match shFunctionFour	"\%#=1\%(\%(\<\k\+\|[^()<>|&$;\t ]\+\)\+\)\@>\ze\s*\%(\%(()\ze\)\=\)\@>\_s*((\@!"	contained skipwhite skipnl nextgroup=shFunctionSubSh contains=shFunctionParens
+    " Proof against future changes by inducing priority-driven "backtracking"
+    " between shFunctionFour (goes before) and shFunctionTwo (goes after) so
+    " that e.g. "function f () {}" is still claimed by shFunctionTwo (observe
+    " "f[[:blank:]]()").
+    syn match shFunctionFour	"\%#=1\%(\%(\<\k\+\|[^()<>|&$;\t ]\+\)\+\)\@>\ze\%(\%(\s*()\ze\)\=\)\@>\_s*((\@!"	contained skipwhite skipnl nextgroup=shFunctionSubSh contains=shFunctionParens
+    syn match shFunctionTwo	"\%#=1\%(\%(\<\k\+\|[^()<>|&$;\t ]\+\)\+\)\@>\ze\%(\%(\s*()\ze\)\=\)\@>\_s*{"	contained skipwhite skipnl nextgroup=shFunctionExpr contains=shFunctionParens
     " Claim empty array assignments.
     syn match shArrayEmptyDecl	"\%#=1\ze\%(\<\h\w*=\)\@>()"	transparent nextgroup=shVariable
-
-    if !exists("g:sh_no_error")
-        syn match shFunctionNameError	"\%#=1\%(\%(\<\h\w*\)\@>=\)\%(\%(\w\+\)\@>=\=\)\+()" skipwhite skipnl nextgroup=shExpr,shSubSh
-    endif
+    " Claim commented out function declaration headers.
+    syn match shFunctionComment	"^\s*\zs\ze#"	transparent nextgroup=shComment
+    ShDefSynErrRule syn match shFunctionNameAssignError	"\%#=1\%(\%(\<\h\w*\)\@>=\)\%(\%(\w\+\)\@>=\=\)\+()"	skipwhite skipnl nextgroup=shExpr,shSubSh
+    ShDefSynErrRule syn match shFunctionNameCommentError	"#"	contained
 elseif exists("b:is_ksh88")
     " AT&T ksh88
     syn match shFunctionCmdOne	"^\s*\zs\h\w*\s*()\ze\_s*\%(\%(for\|case\|select\|if\|while\|until\)\>\|\[\[\s\|((\)"	skipwhite skipnl nextgroup=@shFunctionCmds contains=shFunctionParens
@@ -687,17 +713,13 @@ else
     syn match shFunctionFour	"\<\h\w*\>\s*()\ze\_s*("	contained skipwhite skipnl nextgroup=shFunctionSubSh contains=shFunctionParens
 endif
 
-if !exists("g:sh_no_error")
-    syn match   shDoError "\<do\%(ne\)\=\s*()"
-    syn match   shIfError "\<then\s*()"
-    syn match   shIfError "\<else\s*()"
-endif
+ShDefSynErrRule syn match   shDoError "\<do\%(ne\)\=\s*()"
+ShDefSynErrRule syn match   shIfError "\<then\s*()"
+ShDefSynErrRule syn match   shIfError "\<else\s*()"
 
 " Parameter Dereferencing: {{{1
 " ========================
-if !exists("g:sh_no_error")
-    syn match  shDerefWordError	"[^}$[~]"	contained
-endif
+ShDefSynErrRule syn match  shDerefWordError	"[^}$[~]"	contained
 syn match  shDerefSimple	"\$\%(\h\w*\|\d\)"	nextgroup=@shNoZSList
 if exists("b:is_kornshell") && !exists("b:is_ksh88")
     if exists("b:is_mksh")
@@ -772,9 +794,7 @@ syn region  shDerefVarArray   contained	matchgroup=shDeref start="\[" end="]"	co
 "        bash : ${@:start:qty}        display command line arguments from start to start+qty-1 (inferred)
 "        bash : ${parameter@operator} transforms parameter (operator∈[uULqEPARa])
 syn cluster shDerefPatternList	contains=shDerefPattern,shDerefString
-if !exists("g:sh_no_error")
-    syn match shDerefOpError	contained	":[[:punct:]]"
-endif
+ShDefSynErrRule syn match shDerefOpError	contained	":[[:punct:]]"
 syn match  shDerefOp	contained	":\=[-=?]"	nextgroup=@shDerefPatternList
 syn match  shDerefOp	contained	":\=+"	nextgroup=@shDerefPatternList
 if exists("b:is_bash") || exists("b:is_kornshell") || exists("b:is_posix")
@@ -830,9 +850,7 @@ syn keyword shStatement bg break cd continue command eval exec exit export fc ge
 " external programs:
 syn keyword shStatement basename cat chgrp chmod chown cksum clear cmp comm cp cut date dirname du egrep expr false fgrep find fmt fold getconf grep head iconv id join kill killall less ln login logname ls md5sum mkdir mkfifo mknod mktemp mv newgrp nice nohup od paste pathchk printenv pwd readlink realpath rename rev rm rmdir sed sha1sum sha224sum sha256sum sha384sum sha512sum sleep sort strip stty sum sync tail tee test tput tr true tty uname uniq wc which xargs
 syn keyword shConditional contained elif else then
-if !exists("g:sh_no_error")
-    syn keyword shCondError elif else then
-endif
+ShDefSynErrRule syn keyword shCondError elif else then
 
 " Synchronization: {{{1
 " ================
@@ -941,24 +959,23 @@ if !exists("skip_sh_syntax_inits")
         hi def link kshStatement		shStatement
     endif
 
-    if !exists("g:sh_no_error")
-        hi def link shCaseError		Error
-        hi def link shCondError		Error
-        hi def link shCurlyError		Error
-        hi def link shDerefOpError		Error
-        hi def link shDerefWordError		Error
-        hi def link shDoError		Error
-        hi def link shEsacError		Error
-        hi def link shIfError		Error
-        hi def link shInError		Error
-        hi def link shParenError		Error
-        hi def link shTestError		Error
-        if exists("b:is_bash")
-            hi def link shFunctionNameError		Error
-        endif
-        if exists("b:is_kornshell") || exists("b:is_posix")
-            hi def link shDTestError		Error
-        endif
+    ShDefSynErrRule hi def link shCaseError		Error
+    ShDefSynErrRule hi def link shCondError		Error
+    ShDefSynErrRule hi def link shCurlyError		Error
+    ShDefSynErrRule hi def link shDerefOpError		Error
+    ShDefSynErrRule hi def link shDerefWordError		Error
+    ShDefSynErrRule hi def link shDoError		Error
+    ShDefSynErrRule hi def link shEsacError		Error
+    ShDefSynErrRule hi def link shIfError		Error
+    ShDefSynErrRule hi def link shInError		Error
+    ShDefSynErrRule hi def link shParenError		Error
+    ShDefSynErrRule hi def link shTestError		Error
+    if exists("b:is_bash")
+        ShDefSynErrRule hi def link shFunctionNameAssignError	Error
+        ShDefSynErrRule hi def link shFunctionNameCommentError	Error
+    endif
+    if exists("b:is_kornshell") || exists("b:is_posix")
+        ShDefSynErrRule hi def link shDTestError		Error
     endif
 
     hi def link shArithmetic		Special
@@ -1018,15 +1035,17 @@ if !exists("skip_sh_syntax_inits")
     hi def link shHereDoc16		shRedir
 endif
 
-" Delete shell folding commands {{{1
-" =============================
+" Delete shell commands {{{1
+" =====================
 delc ShFoldFunctions
 delc ShFoldHereDoc
 delc ShFoldIfDoFor
+delc ShDefSynErrRule
 
-" Delete the bracket expression function {{{1
-" ======================================
+" Delete shell functions {{{1
+" ======================
 delfun s:GenerateBracketExpressionItems
+delfun s:DefineSyntaxErrorRule
 
 " Set Current Syntax: {{{1
 " ===================
diff --git a/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/sh_functions_bash_00.dump b/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/sh_functions_bash_00.dump
index e78273f4f3b4d..bba820b255491 100644
--- a/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/sh_functions_bash_00.dump
+++ b/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/sh_functions_bash_00.dump
@@ -1,6 +1,11 @@
 | +0#0000e05#a8a8a8255@1>#+0&#ffffff0|!|/|b|i|n|/|b|a|s|h| +0#0000000&@61
 | +0#0000e05#a8a8a8255@1|#+0&#ffffff0| |V|I|M|_|T|E|S|T|_|S|E|T|U|P| |s|e|t|l|o|c|a|l| |f|e|n| |f|d|c|=|2| |f|d|l|=|8| |f|d|m|=|s|y|n|t|a|x| +0#0000000&@20
 | +0#0000e05#a8a8a8255@1|#+0&#ffffff0| |V|I|M|_|T|E|S|T|_|S|E|T|U|P| |l|e|t| |g|:|s|h|_|f|o|l|d|_|e|n|a|b|l|e|d| |=| |1| |+| |2| |+| |4| +0#0000000&@22
+| +0#0000e05#a8a8a8255@1|#+0&#ffffff0| |V|I|M|_|T|E|S|T|_|S|E|T|U|P| |h|i|g|h|l|i|g|h|t| |l|i|n|k| |s|h|F|u|n|c|t|i|o|n|E|x|p|r|R|e|g|i|o|n| |T|o|d|o| +0#0000000&@15
+| +0#0000e05#a8a8a8255@1|#+0&#ffffff0| |V|I|M|_|T|E|S|T|_|S|E|T|U|P| |h|i|g|h|l|i|g|h|t| |l|i|n|k| |s|h|F|u|n|c|t|i|o|n|S|u|b|S|h|R|e|g|i|o|n| |T|o|d|o| +0#0000000&@14
+| +0#0000e05#a8a8a8255@1|#+0&#ffffff0| |V|I|M|_|T|E|S|T|_|S|E|T|U|P| |l|e|t| |g|:|s|h|_|n|o|_|e|r@1|o|r|_|r|u|l|e|s| |=| |[|'|s|h|D|e|r|e|f|W|o|r|d|E|r@1|o|r|'|]| +0#0000000&@9
+| +0#0000e05#a8a8a8255@1| +0#0000000#ffffff0@72
+| +0#0000e05#a8a8a8255@1| +0#0000000#ffffff0@72
 | +0#0000e05#a8a8a8255@1| +0#0000000#ffffff0@72
 | +0#0000e05#a8a8a8255@1| +0#0000000#ffffff0@72
 | +0#0000e05#a8a8a8255@1|t+0#af5f00255#ffffff0|y|p|e|s|e|t| +0#0000000&|-+0#e000e06&|i| +0#0000000&|n+0#00e0e07&|=+0#0000000&|0+0#e000002&| +0#0000000&@58
@@ -12,9 +17,4 @@
 |-+0#0000e05#a8a8a8255| |d+0#af5f00255#ffffff0|o| +0#0000000&@70
 ||+0#0000e05#a8a8a8255| | +0#0000000#ffffff0@3|:| @67
 ||+0#0000e05#a8a8a8255| |d+0#af5f00255#ffffff0|o|n|e| +0#0000000&@68
-| +0#0000e05#a8a8a8255@1|t+0#0000000#ffffff0|h|e|n|c|e| @66
-| +0#0000e05#a8a8a8255@1| +0#0000000#ffffff0@72
-| +0#0000e05#a8a8a8255@1|w+0#00e0e07#ffffff0|h|i|l|e|s|(+0#e000e06&|)| +0#0000000&|w+0#af5f00255&|h|i|l|e| |f|a|l|s|e|;| |d|o| +0#0000000&|:|;+0#af5f00255&| +0#0000000&|d+0#af5f00255&|o|n|e|;+0#0000000&| |w|h|i|l|e|s| @32
-| +0#0000e05#a8a8a8255@1| +0#0000000#ffffff0@72
-|-+0#0000e05#a8a8a8255| |e+0#00e0e07#ffffff0|l|s|e|w|h|e|r|e|(+0#e000e06&|)| +0#0000000&|i+0#af5f00255&|f| |:+0#0000000&| @56
 |i|s|_|b|a|s|h|:| |1|,| @45|1|,|1| @10|T|o|p| 
diff --git a/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/sh_functions_bash_01.dump b/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/sh_functions_bash_01.dump
index aba361e65eea7..7582f8ddc8dc5 100644
--- a/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/sh_functions_bash_01.dump
+++ b/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/sh_functions_bash_01.dump
@@ -1,9 +1,14 @@
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diff --git a/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/sh_functions_bash_02.dump b/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/sh_functions_bash_02.dump
index 8901e58ac323f..53bb1a60b7514 100644
--- a/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/sh_functions_bash_02.dump
+++ b/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/sh_functions_bash_02.dump
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diff --git a/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/sh_functions_bash_03.dump b/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/sh_functions_bash_03.dump
index 98fcc942e8487..9cce6dfd5ad9e 100644
--- a/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/sh_functions_bash_03.dump
+++ b/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/sh_functions_bash_03.dump
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diff --git a/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/sh_functions_bash_04.dump b/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/sh_functions_bash_04.dump
index d1be88c7d3a3f..c382653cd1d49 100644
--- a/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/sh_functions_bash_04.dump
+++ b/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/sh_functions_bash_04.dump
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-||+0#0000e05#a8a8a8255| |)+0#af5f00255#ffffff0|;+0#0000000&| |f+0#00e0e07&|=+0#0000000&| |f|\|=+0#af5f00255&| +0#0000000&|f+0#00e0e07&|=+0#0000000&| |f+0#00e0e07&|=+0#0000000&| @57
-@57|7|3|,|0|-|1| @7|8|7|%| 
+|-+0#0000e05#a8a8a8255| |f+0#af5f00255#ffffff0|u|n|c|t|i|o|n| +0#0000000&|f+0#00e0e07&|=|(+0#e000e06&|)| +0#0000000&|(+0#0000001#ffff4012| +0#0000000#ffffff0@57
+@57|7|3|,|9| @9|5|8|%| 
diff --git a/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/sh_functions_bash_05.dump b/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/sh_functions_bash_05.dump
index 9b805c1891879..32d12a03ab16c 100644
--- a/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/sh_functions_bash_05.dump
+++ b/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/sh_functions_bash_05.dump
@@ -1,20 +1,20 @@
-||+0#0000e05#a8a8a8255| |)+0#af5f00255#ffffff0|;+0#0000000&| |f+0#00e0e07&|=+0#0000000&| |f|\|=+0#af5f00255&| +0#0000000&|f+0#00e0e07&|=+0#0000000&| |f+0#00e0e07&|=+0#0000000&| @57
+|-+0#0000e05#a8a8a8255| |f+0#af5f00255#ffffff0|u|n|c|t|i|o|n| +0#0000000&|f+0#00e0e07&|=|(+0#e000e06&|)| +0#0000000&|(+0#0000001#ffff4012| +0#0000000#ffffff0@57
+|-+0#0000e05#a8a8a8255| | +0#0000000#ffffff0@3|f+0#af5f00255&|u|n|c|t|i|o|n| +0#0000000&|f+0#00e0e07&|=|f| +0#0000000&|{+0#0000001#ffff4012| +0#0000000#ffffff0@54
+|2+0#0000e05#a8a8a8255| | +0#0000000#ffffff0@7|f+0#af5f00255&|u|n|c|t|i|o|n| +0#0000000&|f+0#00e0e07&|=|f|=| +0#0000000&@51
+|2+0#0000e05#a8a8a8255| | +0#0000000#ffffff0@7|i+0#af5f00255&|f| |:+0#0000000&|;+0#af5f00255&| +0#0000000&|t+0#af5f00255&|h|e|n| +0#0000000&|e+0#af5f00255&|c|h|o| +0#e000002&|$+0#e000e06&|*|;+0#af5f00255&| +0#0000000&|f+0#af5f00255&|i|;| +0#0000000&|f|\+0#e000e06&|=|f+0#0000000&|\+0#e000e06&|=| +0#0000000&|$+0#e000e06&|*| +0#0000000&@31
+|2+0#0000e05#a8a8a8255| | +0#0000000#ffffff0@3|}+0#0000001#ffff4012|;+0#af5f00255#ffffff0| +0#0000000&|f|\+0#e000e06&|=|f+0#0000000&| |$+0#e000e06&|*| +0#0000000&@58
+||+0#0000e05#a8a8a8255| >)+0#0000001#ffff4012|;+0#0000000#ffffff0| |f+0#00e0e07&|=+0#0000000&| |f|\|=+0#af5f00255&| +0#0000000&|f+0#00e0e07&|=+0#0000000&| |f+0#00e0e07&|=+0#0000000&| @57
 | +0#0000e05#a8a8a8255@1| +0#0000000#ffffff0@72
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-| +0#0000e05#a8a8a8255@1|f+0#ffffff16#ff404010|=|f|(|)| +0#0000000#ffffff0@67
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-| +0#0000e05#a8a8a8255@1| +0#0000000#ffffff0@3|)+0#af5f00255&| +0#0000000&@67
-| +0#0000e05#a8a8a8255@1|}+0#e000e06#ffffff0| +0#0000000&@71
-|~+0#4040ff13&| @73
-|~| @73
-|~| @73
-|~| @73
-|~| @73
-|~| @73
-|~| @73
-|~| @73
-| +0#0000000&@56|9|1|,|5| @9|B|o|t| 
+| +0#0000e05#a8a8a8255@1|#+0&#ffffff0|f|u|n|c|t|i|o|n|(|)| |{| +0#0000000&@59
+| +0#0000e05#a8a8a8255@1|#+0&#ffffff0| @2|e|c|h|o| |"|$|1|"| +0#0000000&@59
+| +0#0000e05#a8a8a8255@1|#+0&#ffffff0|}| +0#0000000&@70
+| +0#0000e05#a8a8a8255@1| +0#0000000#ffffff0@72
+|-+0#0000e05#a8a8a8255| |f+0#af5f00255#ffffff0|u|n|c|t|i|o|n| +0#0000000&|f+0#00e0e07&|u|n|c|t|i|o|n| +0#0000000&|{+0#0000001#ffff4012| +0#0000000#ffffff0@53
+||+0#0000e05#a8a8a8255| | +0#0000000#ffffff0@3|s+0#af5f00255&|e|t| +0#00e0e07&|-@1| |$+0#e000e06&|{|*|/+0#af5f00255&|\+0#0000000&| @56
+||+0#0000e05#a8a8a8255| |#+0#0000000#ffffff0|.|/+0#af5f00255&|}+0#e000e06&| +0#0000000&@68
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+||+0#0000e05#a8a8a8255| |#+0&#ffffff0|.|f|\| @1|$|*| |2|>|/|d|e|v|/|n|u|l@1|`+0#e000e06&|;+0#af5f00255&|:+0#0000000&| |#+0#0000e05&| |F+0#0000001#ffff4012|I|X|M|E|:+0#0000e05#ffffff0| |N|o|t| |a| |c|o|m@1|e|n|t| |(|%|\|)| +0#0000000&@21
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+||+0#0000e05#a8a8a8255| | +0#0000000#ffffff0@3|l+0#af5f00255&|o|c|a|l| +0#0000000&|I+0#e000e06&|F|S|=+0#af5f00255&|++0#0000000&| @57
+||+0#0000e05#a8a8a8255| | +0#0000000#ffffff0@3|e+0#af5f00255&|c|h|o| +0#e000002&|$+0#e000e06&|(@2|"+0#af5f00255&|$+0#e000e06&|{|*|\| +0#0000000&@54
+@57|9|1|,|1| @9|7|4|%| 
diff --git a/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/sh_functions_bash_06.dump b/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/sh_functions_bash_06.dump
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..f0e7db401f942
--- /dev/null
+++ b/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/sh_functions_bash_06.dump
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+||+0#0000e05#a8a8a8255| | +0#0000000#ffffff0@3|e+0#af5f00255&|c|h|o| +0#e000002&|$+0#e000e06&|(@2|"+0#af5f00255&|$+0#e000e06&|{|*|\| +0#0000000&@54
+||+0#0000e05#a8a8a8255| |#+0#e000e06#ffffff0|f|u|n|c|t|i|o|n|(|)|}|"+0#af5f00255&|)+0#e000e06&| |/| |$|{|\| +0#0000000&@52
+||+0#0000e05#a8a8a8255| |#+0#e000e06#ffffff0|}| |+| |1+0#e000002&|6|\+0#e000e06&| +0#0000000&@64
+||+0#0000e05#a8a8a8255| |#+0&#ffffff0|0|\| +0#0000000&@69
+||+0#0000e05#a8a8a8255| |)+0#e000e06#ffffff0@1|;+0#af5f00255&|:+0#0000000&| |#+0#0000e05&| |F+0#0000001#ffff4012|I|X|M|E|:+0#0000e05#ffffff0| |N|o|t| |a| |c|o|m@1|e|n|t| |(|1|6|\|)| +0#0000000&@39
+||+0#0000e05#a8a8a8255| >}+0#0000001#ffff4012|;+0#0000000#ffffff0| |e+0#af5f00255&|v|a|l| +0#0000000&|"+0#af5f00255&|\+0#e000e06&|f|u+0#e000002&|n|c|t|i|o|n|"+0#af5f00255&| +0#0000000&|$+0#e000e06&|@| +0#0000000&@50
+| +0#0000e05#a8a8a8255@1| +0#0000000#ffffff0@72
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+||+0#0000e05#a8a8a8255| |}+0#0000001#ffff4012|;+0#0000000#ffffff0| |e+0#af5f00255&|v|a|l| +0#0000000&|"+0#af5f00255&|f+0#e000002&|u|n|c|t|i|o|n|#|f|u|n|c|t|i|o|n|"+0#af5f00255&| +0#0000000&|"+0#af5f00255&|$+0#e000e06&|1|"+0#af5f00255&| +0#0000000&@40
+| +0#0000e05#a8a8a8255@1| +0#0000000#ffffff0@72
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+||+0#0000e05#a8a8a8255| | +0#0000000#ffffff0@3|e+0#af5f00255&|c|h|o| +0#e000002&|"+0#af5f00255&|$+0#e000e06&|1|"+0#af5f00255&| +0#0000000&@59
+||+0#0000e05#a8a8a8255| |}+0#0000001#ffff4012|;+0#0000000#ffffff0| |f|u|n|c|t|i|o|n|#| |"+0#af5f00255&|$+0#e000e06&|1|"+0#af5f00255&| +0#0000000&@55
+| +0#0000e05#a8a8a8255@1| +0#0000000#ffffff0@72
+| +0#0000e05#a8a8a8255@1|#+0&#ffffff0| |P|a|r|e|n|s| |a|r|e| |n|o|t| |e|s|c|a|p|e|d|,| |h|e|n|c|e| |t|h|i|s| |i|s| |i|n|v|a|l|i|d| |v|a|r|i|a|b|l|e| |a|s@1|i|g|n|m|e|n|t|.| +0#0000000&@4
+| +0#0000e05#a8a8a8255@1|f+0#ffffff16#ff404010|=|f|(|)| +0#0000000#ffffff0@67
+| +0#0000e05#a8a8a8255@1|{+0#e000e06#ffffff0| +0#0000000&@71
+| +0#0000e05#a8a8a8255@1| +0#0000000#ffffff0@3|f+0#ffffff16#ff404010|=|f|=|(|)| +0#0000000#ffffff0@62
+@57|1|0|9|,|1| @8|9|0|%| 
diff --git a/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/sh_functions_bash_07.dump b/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/sh_functions_bash_07.dump
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..656794a863ebb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/runtime/syntax/testdir/dumps/sh_functions_bash_07.dump
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+| +0#0000e05#a8a8a8255@1| +0#0000000#ffffff0@3|f+0#ffffff16#ff404010|=|f|=|(|)| +0#0000000#ffffff0@62
+| +0#0000e05#a8a8a8255@1| +0#0000000#ffffff0@3|(+0#af5f00255&| +0#0000000&@67
+| +0#0000e05#a8a8a8255@1| +0#0000000#ffffff0@7|f+0#ffffff16#ff404010|=|f|=|f|(|)| +0#0000000#ffffff0@57
+| +0#0000e05#a8a8a8255@1| +0#0000000#ffffff0@7|i+0#af5f00255&|f| |:+0#0000000&|;+0#af5f00255&| +0#0000000&|t+0#af5f00255&|h|e|n| +0#0000000&|:|;+0#af5f00255&| +0#0000000&|f+0#af5f00255&|i| +0#0000000&@48
+| +0#0000e05#a8a8a8255@1| +0#0000000#ffffff0@3|)+0#af5f00255&| +0#0000000&@67
+| +0#0000e05#a8a8a8255@1>}+0#e000e06#ffffff0| +0#0000000&@71
+| +0#0000e05#a8a8a8255@1| +0#0000000#ffffff0@72
+| +0#0000e05#a8a8a8255@1|#+0&#ffffff0| |I|d|e|n|t|i|f|i|e|r|s| |c|a|n@1|o|t| |h|a|v|e| |a| |l|e|a|d|i|n|g| |"|#|"| |i|n| |t|h|e|i|r| |n|a|m|e|s| |u|n|l|e|s@1| |t|h|e| |s|h|e|l@1| +0#0000000&@1
+| +0#0000e05#a8a8a8255@1|#+0&#ffffff0| |o|p|t|i|o|n| |"|i|n|t|e|r|a|c|t|i|v|e|_|c|o|m@1|e|n|t|s|"| |i|s| |u|n|s|e|t| |a|n|d| |i|s| |i|n| |e|f@1|e|c|t|.| +0#0000000&@14
+| +0#0000e05#a8a8a8255@1|f+0#af5f00255#ffffff0|u|n|c|t|i|o|n| +0#0000000&|#+0#ffffff16#ff404010|f+0#0000000#ffffff0|u|n|c|t|i|o|n|(+0#e000e06&|)| +0#0000000&|{+0#e000e06&| +0#0000000&@50
+| +0#0000e05#a8a8a8255@1| +0#0000000#ffffff0@3|e+0#af5f00255&|c|h|o| +0#e000002&|"+0#af5f00255&|$+0#e000e06&|1|"+0#af5f00255&| +0#0000000&@59
+| +0#0000e05#a8a8a8255@1|}+0#e000e06#ffffff0| +0#0000000&@71
+|~+0#4040ff13&| @73
+|~| @73
+|~| @73
+|~| @73
+|~| @73
+|~| @73
+|~| @73
+| +0#0000000&@56|1|2|7|,|1| @8|B|o|t| 
diff --git a/runtime/syntax/testdir/input/sh_functions_bash.sh b/runtime/syntax/testdir/input/sh_functions_bash.sh
index 714d2a74b3748..d91905640d02c 100644
--- a/runtime/syntax/testdir/input/sh_functions_bash.sh
+++ b/runtime/syntax/testdir/input/sh_functions_bash.sh
@@ -1,6 +1,11 @@
 #!/bin/bash
 # VIM_TEST_SETUP setlocal fen fdc=2 fdl=8 fdm=syntax
 # VIM_TEST_SETUP let g:sh_fold_enabled = 1 + 2 + 4
+# VIM_TEST_SETUP highlight link shFunctionExprRegion Todo
+# VIM_TEST_SETUP highlight link shFunctionSubShRegion Todo
+# VIM_TEST_SETUP let g:sh_no_error_rules = ['shDerefWordError']
+
+
 
 
 typeset -i n=0
@@ -85,6 +90,32 @@ function f=() (
     }; f\=f $*
 ); f= f\= f= f=
 
+#function() {
+#   echo "$1"
+#}
+
+function function {
+    set -- ${*/\
+#./}
+    set -- `printf %\
+#.f\  $* 2>/dev/null`;: # FIXME: Not a comment (%\)
+    set -- ${*%.}
+    local IFS=+
+    echo $((("${*\
+#function()}") / ${\
+#} + 16\
+#0\
+));: # FIXME: Not a comment (16\)
+}; eval "\function" $@
+
+function function#function () {
+    echo "$1"
+}; eval "function#function" "$1"
+
+function# () {
+    echo "$1"
+}; function# "$1"
+
 # Parens are not escaped, hence this is invalid variable assignment.
 f=f()
 {
@@ -94,3 +125,9 @@ f=f()
         if :; then :; fi
     )
 }
+
+# Identifiers cannot have a leading "#" in their names unless the shell
+# option "interactive_comments" is unset and is in effect.
+function #function() {
+    echo "$1"
+}