diff --git a/activerecord/CHANGELOG.md b/activerecord/CHANGELOG.md
index 8b37f79f077b7..f4efdf4aae2f0 100644
--- a/activerecord/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/activerecord/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -1,3 +1,12 @@
+*   Add support for encrypting binary columns
+
+    Ensure encryption and decryption pass `Type::Binary::Data` around for binary data.
+
+    Previously encrypting binary columns with the `ActiveRecord::Encryption::MessageSerializer`
+    incidentally worked for MySQL and SQLite, but not PostgreSQL.
+
+    *Donal McBreen*
+
 *   Deprecated `ENV["SCHEMA_CACHE"]` in favor of `schema_cache_path` in the database configuration.
 
     *Rafael Mendonça França*
diff --git a/activerecord/lib/active_record/encryption/encrypted_attribute_type.rb b/activerecord/lib/active_record/encryption/encrypted_attribute_type.rb
index a44d78dbdaccc..8da9ac31dfc9b 100644
--- a/activerecord/lib/active_record/encryption/encrypted_attribute_type.rb
+++ b/activerecord/lib/active_record/encryption/encrypted_attribute_type.rb
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ def previous_type?
           @previous_type
         end
 
-        def decrypt(value)
+        def decrypt_as_text(value)
           with_context do
             unless value.nil?
               if @default && @default == value
@@ -99,6 +99,10 @@ def decrypt(value)
           end
         end
 
+        def decrypt(value)
+          text_to_database_type decrypt_as_text(value)
+        end
+
         def try_to_deserialize_with_previous_encrypted_types(value)
           previous_types.each.with_index do |type, index|
             break type.deserialize(value)
@@ -129,12 +133,16 @@ def serialize_with_current(value)
           encrypt(casted_value.to_s) unless casted_value.nil?
         end
 
-        def encrypt(value)
+        def encrypt_as_text(value)
           with_context do
             encryptor.encrypt(value, **encryption_options)
           end
         end
 
+        def encrypt(value)
+          text_to_database_type encrypt_as_text(value)
+        end
+
         def encryptor
           ActiveRecord::Encryption.encryptor
         end
@@ -150,6 +158,14 @@ def decryption_options
         def clean_text_scheme
           @clean_text_scheme ||= ActiveRecord::Encryption::Scheme.new(downcase: downcase?, encryptor: ActiveRecord::Encryption::NullEncryptor.new)
         end
+
+        def text_to_database_type(value)
+          if value && cast_type.binary?
+            ActiveModel::Type::Binary::Data.new(value)
+          else
+            value
+          end
+        end
     end
   end
 end
diff --git a/activerecord/test/cases/encryption/encryptable_record_test.rb b/activerecord/test/cases/encryption/encryptable_record_test.rb
index 14180f6b47e17..18affa72110fd 100644
--- a/activerecord/test/cases/encryption/encryptable_record_test.rb
+++ b/activerecord/test/cases/encryption/encryptable_record_test.rb
@@ -394,6 +394,25 @@ def name
     assert_predicate OtherEncryptedPost.type_for_attribute(:title).scheme.previous_schemes, :one?
   end
 
+  test "binary data can be encrypted" do
+    all_bytes = (0..255).map(&:chr).join
+    assert_equal all_bytes, EncryptedBookWithBinary.create!(logo: all_bytes).logo
+    assert_nil EncryptedBookWithBinary.create!(logo: nil).logo
+    assert_equal "", EncryptedBookWithBinary.create!(logo: "").logo
+  end
+
+  test "binary data can be encrypted uncompressed" do
+    low_bytes = (0..127).map(&:chr).join
+    high_bytes = (128..255).map(&:chr).join
+    assert_equal low_bytes, EncryptedBookWithBinary.create!(logo: low_bytes).logo
+    assert_equal high_bytes, EncryptedBookWithBinary.create!(logo: high_bytes).logo
+  end
+
+  test "serialized binary data can be encrypted" do
+    json_bytes = (32..127).map(&:chr)
+    assert_equal json_bytes, EncryptedBookWithSerializedBinary.create!(logo: json_bytes).logo
+  end
+
   private
     def build_derived_key_provider_with(hash_digest_class)
       ActiveRecord::Encryption.with_encryption_context(key_generator: ActiveRecord::Encryption::KeyGenerator.new(hash_digest_class: hash_digest_class)) do
diff --git a/activerecord/test/models/book_encrypted.rb b/activerecord/test/models/book_encrypted.rb
index 0c4971379551e..942e26b210d39 100644
--- a/activerecord/test/models/book_encrypted.rb
+++ b/activerecord/test/models/book_encrypted.rb
@@ -43,3 +43,16 @@ class EncryptedBookWithUnencryptedDataOptedIn < ActiveRecord::Base
   validates :name, uniqueness: true
   encrypts :name, deterministic: true, support_unencrypted_data: true
 end
+
+class EncryptedBookWithBinary < ActiveRecord::Base
+  self.table_name = "encrypted_books"
+
+  encrypts :logo
+end
+
+class EncryptedBookWithSerializedBinary < ActiveRecord::Base
+  self.table_name = "encrypted_books"
+
+  serialize :logo, coder: JSON
+  encrypts :logo
+end
diff --git a/activerecord/test/schema/schema.rb b/activerecord/test/schema/schema.rb
index 7d9c2f831f032..8c44978076299 100644
--- a/activerecord/test/schema/schema.rb
+++ b/activerecord/test/schema/schema.rb
@@ -163,6 +163,7 @@
     t.string :format
     t.column :name, :string, default: "<untitled>"
     t.column :original_name, :string
+    t.column :logo, :binary
 
     t.datetime :created_at
     t.datetime :updated_at