diff --git a/packages/playground/tsconfig.json b/packages/playground/tsconfig.json
index 14bc3bf1ce2e18..5f1c7aa8a50c38 100644
--- a/packages/playground/tsconfig.json
+++ b/packages/playground/tsconfig.json
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
   "include": ["."],
   "exclude": ["**/dist/**"],
   "compilerOptions": {
+    "target": "esnext",
     "outDir": "dist",
     "allowJs": true,
     "esModuleInterop": true,
diff --git a/packages/vite/src/node/ssr/__tests__/ssrTransform.spec.ts b/packages/vite/src/node/ssr/__tests__/ssrTransform.spec.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000000..e948f0b7fbb5e5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/vite/src/node/ssr/__tests__/ssrTransform.spec.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,131 @@
+import { traverseHtml } from '../../plugins/html'
+import { ssrTransform } from '../ssrTransform'
+
+test('default import', async () => {
+  expect(
+    (await ssrTransform(`import foo from 'vue';console.log(foo.bar)`, null))
+      .code
+  ).toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
+    "const __vite_ssr_import_0__ = __vite_ssr_import__(\\"vue\\")
+    console.log(__vite_ssr_import_0__.default.bar)"
+  `)
+})
+
+test('named import', async () => {
+  expect(
+    (
+      await ssrTransform(
+        `import { ref } from 'vue';function foo() { return ref(0) }`,
+        null
+      )
+    ).code
+  ).toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
+    "const __vite_ssr_import_0__ = __vite_ssr_import__(\\"vue\\")
+    function foo() { return __vite_ssr_import_0__.ref(0) }"
+  `)
+})
+
+test('namespace import', async () => {
+  expect(
+    (
+      await ssrTransform(
+        `import * as vue from 'vue';function foo() { return vue.ref(0) }`,
+        null
+      )
+    ).code
+  ).toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
+    "const __vite_ssr_import_0__ = __vite_ssr_import__(\\"vue\\")
+    function foo() { return __vite_ssr_import_0__.ref(0) }"
+  `)
+})
+
+test('export function decl', async () => {
+  expect((await ssrTransform(`export function foo() {}`, null)).code)
+    .toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
+    "function foo() {}
+    Object.defineProperty(__vite_ssr_exports__, \\"foo\\", { get(){ return foo }})"
+  `)
+})
+
+test('export class decl', async () => {
+  expect((await ssrTransform(`export class foo {}`, null)).code)
+    .toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
+    "class foo {}
+    Object.defineProperty(__vite_ssr_exports__, \\"foo\\", { get(){ return foo }})"
+  `)
+})
+
+test('export var decl', async () => {
+  expect((await ssrTransform(`export const a = 1, b = 2`, null)).code)
+    .toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
+    "const a = 1, b = 2
+    Object.defineProperty(__vite_ssr_exports__, \\"a\\", { get(){ return a }})
+    Object.defineProperty(__vite_ssr_exports__, \\"b\\", { get(){ return b }})"
+  `)
+})
+
+test('export named', async () => {
+  expect(
+    (await ssrTransform(`const a = 1, b = 2; export { a, b as c }`, null)).code
+  ).toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
+    "const a = 1, b = 2; 
+    Object.defineProperty(__vite_ssr_exports__, \\"a\\", { get(){ return a }})
+    Object.defineProperty(__vite_ssr_exports__, \\"c\\", { get(){ return b }})"
+  `)
+})
+
+test('export named from', async () => {
+  expect(
+    (await ssrTransform(`export { ref, computed as c } from 'vue'`, null)).code
+  ).toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
+    "const __vite_ssr_import_0__ = __vite_ssr_import__(\\"vue\\")
+
+    Object.defineProperty(__vite_ssr_exports__, \\"ref\\", { get(){ return __vite_ssr_import_0__.ref }})
+    Object.defineProperty(__vite_ssr_exports__, \\"c\\", { get(){ return __vite_ssr_import_0__.computed }})"
+  `)
+})
+
+test('named exports of imported binding', async () => {
+  expect(
+    (
+      await ssrTransform(
+        `import {createApp} from 'vue';export {createApp}`,
+        null
+      )
+    ).code
+  ).toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
+    "const __vite_ssr_import_0__ = __vite_ssr_import__(\\"vue\\")
+
+    Object.defineProperty(__vite_ssr_exports__, \\"createApp\\", { get(){ return __vite_ssr_import_0__.createApp }})"
+  `)
+})
+
+test('export * from', async () => {
+  expect((await ssrTransform(`export * from 'vue'`, null)).code)
+    .toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
+    "const __vite_ssr_import_0__ = __vite_ssr_import__(\\"vue\\")
+
+    __vite_ssr_exportAll__(__vite_ssr_import_0__)"
+  `)
+})
+
+test('export default', async () => {
+  expect(
+    (await ssrTransform(`export default {}`, null)).code
+  ).toMatchInlineSnapshot(`"__vite_ssr_exports__.default = {}"`)
+})
+
+test('import.meta', async () => {
+  expect(
+    (await ssrTransform(`console.log(import.meta.url)`, null)).code
+  ).toMatchInlineSnapshot(`"console.log(__vite_ssr_import_meta__.url)"`)
+})
+
+test('dynamic import', async () => {
+  expect(
+    (await ssrTransform(`export const i = () => import('./foo')`, null)).code
+  ).toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
+    "const i = () => __vite_ssr_dynamic_import__('./foo')
+    Object.defineProperty(__vite_ssr_exports__, \\"i\\", { get(){ return i }})"
+  `)
+})
diff --git a/packages/vite/src/node/ssr/ssrTransform.ts b/packages/vite/src/node/ssr/ssrTransform.ts
index 6ee39987dbe905..460c9202e1b44b 100644
--- a/packages/vite/src/node/ssr/ssrTransform.ts
+++ b/packages/vite/src/node/ssr/ssrTransform.ts
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ export async function ssrTransform(
     )
   }
 
-  // 1. check all import/export statements
+  // 1. check all import statements and record id -> importName map
   for (const node of ast.body as Node[]) {
     // import foo from 'foo' --> foo -> __import_foo__.default
     // import { baz } from 'foo' --> baz -> __import_foo__.baz
@@ -78,7 +78,10 @@ export async function ssrTransform(
       }
       s.remove(node.start, node.end)
     }
+  }
 
+  // 2. check all export statements and define exports
+  for (const node of ast.body as Node[]) {
     // named exports
     if (node.type === 'ExportNamedDeclaration') {
       if (node.declaration) {
@@ -104,10 +107,13 @@ export async function ssrTransform(
         for (const spec of node.specifiers) {
           defineExport(spec.exported.name, `${importId}.${spec.local.name}`)
         }
+        s.remove(node.start, node.end)
       } else {
         // export { foo, bar }
         for (const spec of node.specifiers) {
-          defineExport(spec.exported.name, spec.local.name)
+          const local = spec.local.name
+          const binding = idToImportMap.get(local)
+          defineExport(spec.exported.name, binding || local)
         }
         s.remove(node.start, node.end)
       }
@@ -125,6 +131,7 @@ export async function ssrTransform(
     // export * from './foo'
     if (node.type === 'ExportAllDeclaration') {
       const importId = defineImport(node, node.source.value as string)
+      s.remove(node.start, node.end)
       s.append(`\n${ssrExportAllKey}(${importId})`)
     }
   }
@@ -319,6 +326,10 @@ function isRefIdentifier(id: Identifier, parent: _Node, parentStack: _Node[]) {
     return false
   }
 
+  if (parent.type === 'ExportSpecifier') {
+    return false
+  }
+
   // is a special keyword but parsed as identifier
   if (id.name === 'arguments') {
     return false