From b7a24c5e98ad2703f6944d0ac402f88d90ea53cf Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Mostafa Hajizadeh Date: Tue, 18 Oct 2016 16:01:49 +0330 Subject: [PATCH] Add texts and links removed in 427dd02c --- index.html | 29 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++--- 1 file changed, 26 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-) diff --git a/index.html b/index.html index 3815e08..88aac8e 100644 --- a/index.html +++ b/index.html @@ -101,6 +101,16 @@

Encoding

Unicode also has a partial set of non-semantic encoded characters for the Arabic script, under blocks Arabic Presentation Forms-A and Arabic Presentation Forms-B, which are deprecated and should not be used in general interchange.

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Characters

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Arabic script uses Arabic alphabet, diacritics, numbers, punctuations and symbols, and control characters. Appendix lists these characters.

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The majority of these characters are common among different languages. There are two different set of digits for 0–9 (U+0660–U+0669 and U+06F0–U+06F9) used by different languages. Most of the alphabetical characters are used by all the languages using Arabic scripts, but there are exceptions, such as the Arabic letter yeh being represented with two different characters, U+064A ARABIC LETTER YEH (ي) and U+06CC ARABIC LETTER FARSI YEH (ی). These differences among the character sets of each language are marked in the appendix tables.

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Control characters are used to produce the correct spelling of the words or to ensure correct combination with left-to-right content. Consequently, they should be preserved when storing and displaying texts.

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Direction

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Joining Behavior of Characters

  • Final shape: Used when the letter is joined only to its previous (right-side) letter.
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    shows all four shapes of character U+0645 ARABIC LETTER MEEM (م).

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    shows all four shapes of character U+0645 ARABIC LETTER MEEM (م).

    Four different shapes for joining to previous or succeeding letters @@ -179,7 +189,7 @@

    Joining Behavior of Characters

    Four different shapes for joining to previous or succeeding letters
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    For each Arabic letter, based on the joining behavior of its neighbors, one of its shapes is used in writing. demonstrates how letters join to form a word.

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    For each Arabic letter, based on the joining behavior of its neighbors, one of its shapes is used in writing. demonstrates how letters join to form a word.

    Joining letters by using their various shapes @@ -209,7 +219,7 @@
    Joining and Intra-Word Spaces

    Ligatures

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    Almost all the writing styles of Arabic script use a special shape when letters lam and alef are joined. Most Arabic fonts include mandatory ligatures for this combination. Ignoring this ligature, as shown in , leads to wrong rendering of text.

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    Almost all the writing styles of Arabic script use a special shape when letters lam and alef are joined. Most Arabic fonts include mandatory ligatures for this combination. Ignoring this ligature, as shown in , leads to wrong rendering of text.

    Correct and wrong ways of rendering letter lam followed by letter alef @@ -221,6 +231,19 @@

    Ligatures

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    Diacritics

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    More than one diacritics can appear after a single character subsequently and all of them should be applied over the same character. Font files usually define special shapes or positioning for combination of diacritics. These extra information should be applied in rendering texts.

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    shows an example, where, according to this font’s specification, combining U+0651 ARABIC SHADDA and U+0650 ARABIC KASRA changes their positions. Various font files may require different transformations.

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    + Diacritics could be combined in Arabic script. +
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    Font and Typographical considerations