semantically-lossless-normalizations.rst

Semantically-Lossless Normalizations

.. rst-class:: precede-list

There is a set of normalizations that do not change the semantics of a URL. These are defined as Normalizer::PRESERVING_NORMALIZATIONS. The normalizer applies this set of normalizations if no specific normalizations are requested.

• :ref:`capitalize percent encoding <normalizations-capitalize-percent-encoding>`
• :ref:`decode unreserved characters <normalizations-decode-unreserved-characters>`
• :ref:`convert empty http path <normalizations-convert-empty-http-path>`
• :ref:`remove default file host <normalizations-remove-default-file-host>`
• :ref:`remove port host <normalizations-remove-default-port>`
• :ref:`remove path dot segments <normalizations-remove-path-dot-segments>`
• :ref:`convert host unicode to punycode <normalizations-convert-host-unicode-to-punycode>`

<?php

use webignition\Uri\Normalizer;
use webignition\Uri\Uri;

$uri = new Uri('http//♥.example.com:80/p%61th/../?option=%3f');
$normalizedUri = Normalizer::normalize($uri);

(string) $normalizedUri;
// "http//xn--g6h.example.com:80/path/?option=%3F"

The Normalizer::PRESERVING_NORMALIZATIONS flag can be used in conjunction with additional normalizations.

<?php

use webignition\Uri\Normalizer;
use webignition\Uri\Uri;

$uri = new Uri('http//♥.example.com:80/p%61th/../?option=%3f&b=bear&a-apple');
$normalizedUri = Normalizer::normalize(
    $uri,
    Normalizer::PRESERVING_NORMALIZATIONS |
    Normalizer::SORT_QUERY_PARAMETERS
);

(string) $normalizedUri;
// "http//xn--g6h.example.com:80/path/?a=apple&bear&option=%3F"