diff --git a/.changeset/fluffy-readers-add.md b/.changeset/fluffy-readers-add.md
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..22adc9bc621f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.changeset/fluffy-readers-add.md
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+---
+"@astrojs/internal-helpers": minor
+"astro": minor
+---
+
+Adds the option to pass an object to `build.assetsPrefix`. This allows for the use of multiple CDN prefixes based on the target file type.
+
+When passing an object to `build.assetsPrefix`, you must also specify a `fallback` domain to be used for all other file types not specified.
+
+Specify a file extension as the key (e.g. 'js', 'png') and the URL serving your assets of that file type as the value:
+
+```js
+// astro.config.mjs
+import { defineConfig } from "astro/config"
+
+export default defineConfig({
+    build: {
+        assetsPrefix: {
+            'js': "https://js.cdn.example.com",
+            'mjs': "https://js.cdn.example.com", // if you have .mjs files, you must add a new entry like this
+            'png': "https://images.cdn.example.com",
+            'fallback': "https://generic.cdn.example.com"
+        }
+    }
+})
+```
diff --git a/packages/astro/src/@types/astro.ts b/packages/astro/src/@types/astro.ts
index a3fc4b50bf40..1e149520559b 100644
--- a/packages/astro/src/@types/astro.ts
+++ b/packages/astro/src/@types/astro.ts
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ import type * as babel from '@babel/core';
 import type * as rollup from 'rollup';
 import type * as vite from 'vite';
 import type { RemotePattern } from '../assets/utils/remotePattern.js';
-import type { SerializedSSRManifest } from '../core/app/types.js';
+import type { SerializedSSRManifest, AssetsPrefix } from '../core/app/types.js';
 import type { PageBuildData } from '../core/build/types.js';
 import type { AstroConfigType } from '../core/config/index.js';
 import type { AstroTimer } from '../core/config/timer.js';
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ export type {
 	UnresolvedImageTransform,
 } from '../assets/types.js';
 export type { RemotePattern } from '../assets/utils/remotePattern.js';
-export type { SSRManifest } from '../core/app/types.js';
+export type { SSRManifest, AssetsPrefix } from '../core/app/types.js';
 export type {
 	AstroCookieGetOptions,
 	AstroCookieSetOptions,
@@ -881,15 +881,15 @@ export interface AstroUserConfig {
 		/**
 		 * @docs
 		 * @name build.assetsPrefix
-		 * @type {string}
+		 * @type {string | Record<string, string>}
 		 * @default `undefined`
 		 * @version 2.2.0
 		 * @description
 		 * Specifies the prefix for Astro-generated asset links. This can be used if assets are served from a different domain than the current site.
 		 *
-		 * For example, if this is set to `https://cdn.example.com`, assets will be fetched from `https://cdn.example.com/_astro/...` (regardless of the `base` option).
-		 * You would need to upload the files in `./dist/_astro/` to `https://cdn.example.com/_astro/` to serve the assets.
-		 * The process varies depending on how the third-party domain is hosted.
+		 * This requires uploading the assets in your local `./dist/_astro` folder to a corresponding `/_astro/` folder on the remote domain.
+		 *
+		 * To fetch all assets uploaded to the same domain (e.g. `https://cdn.example.com/_astro/...`), set `assetsPrefix` to the root domain as a string (regardless of your `base` configuration):
 		 * To rename the `_astro` path, specify a new directory in `build.assets`.
 		 *
 		 * ```js
@@ -899,8 +899,27 @@ export interface AstroUserConfig {
 		 *   }
 		 * }
 		 * ```
+		 *
+		 * **Added in 4.5.0**
+		 *
+		 * You can also pass an object to `assetsPrefix` to specify a different domain for each file type.
+		 * In this case, a `fallback` property is required and will be used by default for any other files.
+		 *
+		 * ```js
+		 * {
+		 *   build: {
+		 *     assetsPrefix: {
+		 *       'js': 'https://js.cdn.example.com',
+		 *       'mjs': 'https://js.cdn.example.com', 
+		 *       'css': 'https://css.cdn.example.com',
+		 *       'fallback': 'https://cdn.example.com'
+		 *     }
+		 *   }
+		 * }
+		 * ```
+		 *
 		 */
-		assetsPrefix?: string;
+		assetsPrefix?: AssetsPrefix;
 		/**
 		 * @docs
 		 * @name build.serverEntry
diff --git a/packages/astro/src/assets/utils/getAssetsPrefix.ts b/packages/astro/src/assets/utils/getAssetsPrefix.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..1a8947b54978
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/astro/src/assets/utils/getAssetsPrefix.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+import type { AssetsPrefix } from '../../core/app/types.js';
+
+export function getAssetsPrefix(fileExtension: string, assetsPrefix?: AssetsPrefix): string {
+	if (!assetsPrefix) return '';
+	if (typeof assetsPrefix === 'string') return assetsPrefix;
+	// we assume the file extension has a leading '.' and we remove it
+	const dotLessFileExtension = fileExtension.slice(1);
+	if (assetsPrefix[dotLessFileExtension]) {
+		return assetsPrefix[dotLessFileExtension];
+	}
+	return assetsPrefix.fallback;
+}
diff --git a/packages/astro/src/assets/vite-plugin-assets.ts b/packages/astro/src/assets/vite-plugin-assets.ts
index 6afd01c2a6ba..8ca2f122a8de 100644
--- a/packages/astro/src/assets/vite-plugin-assets.ts
+++ b/packages/astro/src/assets/vite-plugin-assets.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 import MagicString from 'magic-string';
 import type * as vite from 'vite';
 import { normalizePath } from 'vite';
+import { extname } from 'node:path';
 import type { AstroPluginOptions, ImageTransform } from '../@types/astro.js';
 import { extendManualChunks } from '../core/build/plugins/util.js';
 import { AstroError, AstroErrorData } from '../core/errors/index.js';
@@ -16,6 +17,7 @@ import { emitESMImage } from './utils/emitAsset.js';
 import { isESMImportedImage } from './utils/imageKind.js';
 import { getProxyCode } from './utils/proxy.js';
 import { hashTransform, propsToFilename } from './utils/transformToPath.js';
+import { getAssetsPrefix } from './utils/getAssetsPrefix.js';
 
 const resolvedVirtualModuleId = '\0' + VIRTUAL_MODULE_ID;
 
@@ -95,9 +97,12 @@ export default function assets({
 					}
 
 					// Rollup will copy the file to the output directory, this refer to this final path, not to the original path
-					const finalOriginalImagePath = (
-						isESMImportedImage(options.src) ? options.src.src : options.src
-					).replace(settings.config.build.assetsPrefix || '', '');
+					const ESMImportedImageSrc = isESMImportedImage(options.src)
+						? options.src.src
+						: options.src;
+					const fileExtension = extname(ESMImportedImageSrc);
+					const pf = getAssetsPrefix(fileExtension, settings.config.build.assetsPrefix);
+					const finalOriginalImagePath = ESMImportedImageSrc.replace(pf, '');
 
 					const hash = hashTransform(
 						options,
@@ -132,7 +137,7 @@ export default function assets({
 					// The paths here are used for URLs, so we need to make sure they have the proper format for an URL
 					// (leading slash, prefixed with the base / assets prefix, encoded, etc)
 					if (settings.config.build.assetsPrefix) {
-						return encodeURI(joinPaths(settings.config.build.assetsPrefix, finalFilePath));
+						return encodeURI(joinPaths(pf, finalFilePath));
 					} else {
 						return encodeURI(prependForwardSlash(joinPaths(settings.config.base, finalFilePath)));
 					}
@@ -149,9 +154,9 @@ export default function assets({
 					const [full, hash, postfix = ''] = match;
 
 					const file = this.getFileName(hash);
-					const prefix = settings.config.build.assetsPrefix
-						? appendForwardSlash(settings.config.build.assetsPrefix)
-						: resolvedConfig.base;
+					const fileExtension = extname(file);
+					const pf = getAssetsPrefix(fileExtension, settings.config.build.assetsPrefix);
+					const prefix = pf ? appendForwardSlash(pf) : resolvedConfig.base;
 					const outputFilepath = prefix + normalizePath(file + postfix);
 
 					s.overwrite(match.index, match.index + full.length, outputFilepath);
diff --git a/packages/astro/src/content/vite-plugin-content-assets.ts b/packages/astro/src/content/vite-plugin-content-assets.ts
index af12c8b89cca..fc0f5e7599a8 100644
--- a/packages/astro/src/content/vite-plugin-content-assets.ts
+++ b/packages/astro/src/content/vite-plugin-content-assets.ts
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ import {
 	STYLES_PLACEHOLDER,
 } from './consts.js';
 import { hasContentFlag } from './utils.js';
+import { getAssetsPrefix } from '../assets/utils/getAssetsPrefix.js';
 
 export function astroContentAssetPropagationPlugin({
 	mode,
@@ -148,8 +149,11 @@ export function astroConfigBuildPlugin(
 			'build:post': ({ ssrOutputs, clientOutputs, mutate }) => {
 				const outputs = ssrOutputs.flatMap((o) => o.output);
 				const prependBase = (src: string) => {
-					if (options.settings.config.build.assetsPrefix) {
-						return joinPaths(options.settings.config.build.assetsPrefix, src);
+					const { assetsPrefix } = options.settings.config.build;
+					if (assetsPrefix) {
+						const fileExtension = extname(src);
+						const pf = getAssetsPrefix(fileExtension, assetsPrefix);
+						return joinPaths(pf, src);
 					} else {
 						return prependForwardSlash(joinPaths(options.settings.config.base, src));
 					}
diff --git a/packages/astro/src/core/app/types.ts b/packages/astro/src/core/app/types.ts
index dbea389b981a..2596ab3a69f2 100644
--- a/packages/astro/src/core/app/types.ts
+++ b/packages/astro/src/core/app/types.ts
@@ -35,6 +35,13 @@ export type SerializedRouteInfo = Omit<RouteInfo, 'routeData'> & {
 
 export type ImportComponentInstance = () => Promise<SinglePageBuiltModule>;
 
+export type AssetsPrefix =
+	| string
+	| ({
+			fallback: string;
+	  } & Record<string, string>)
+	| undefined;
+
 export type SSRManifest = {
 	adapterName: string;
 	routes: RouteInfo[];
@@ -43,7 +50,7 @@ export type SSRManifest = {
 	trailingSlash: 'always' | 'never' | 'ignore';
 	buildFormat: 'file' | 'directory' | 'preserve';
 	compressHTML: boolean;
-	assetsPrefix?: string;
+	assetsPrefix?: AssetsPrefix;
 	renderers: SSRLoadedRenderer[];
 	/**
 	 * Map of directive name (e.g. `load`) to the directive script code
diff --git a/packages/astro/src/core/build/plugins/plugin-manifest.ts b/packages/astro/src/core/build/plugins/plugin-manifest.ts
index 8e883a20687d..9765c34a6404 100644
--- a/packages/astro/src/core/build/plugins/plugin-manifest.ts
+++ b/packages/astro/src/core/build/plugins/plugin-manifest.ts
@@ -11,13 +11,14 @@ import type {
 	SerializedRouteInfo,
 	SerializedSSRManifest,
 } from '../../app/types.js';
-import { joinPaths, prependForwardSlash } from '../../path.js';
+import { joinPaths, prependForwardSlash, fileExtension } from '../../path.js';
 import { serializeRouteData } from '../../routing/index.js';
 import { addRollupInput } from '../add-rollup-input.js';
 import { getOutFile, getOutFolder } from '../common.js';
 import { type BuildInternals, cssOrder, mergeInlineCss } from '../internal.js';
 import type { AstroBuildPlugin } from '../plugin.js';
 import type { StaticBuildOptions } from '../types.js';
+import { getAssetsPrefix } from '../../../assets/utils/getAssetsPrefix.js';
 
 const manifestReplace = '@@ASTRO_MANIFEST_REPLACE@@';
 const replaceExp = new RegExp(`['"]${manifestReplace}['"]`, 'g');
@@ -163,7 +164,8 @@ function buildManifest(
 
 	const prefixAssetPath = (pth: string) => {
 		if (settings.config.build.assetsPrefix) {
-			return joinPaths(settings.config.build.assetsPrefix, pth);
+			const pf = getAssetsPrefix(fileExtension(pth), settings.config.build.assetsPrefix);
+			return joinPaths(pf, pth);
 		} else {
 			return prependForwardSlash(joinPaths(settings.config.base, pth));
 		}
diff --git a/packages/astro/src/core/config/schema.ts b/packages/astro/src/core/config/schema.ts
index 7a3f3838f655..248190929ad9 100644
--- a/packages/astro/src/core/config/schema.ts
+++ b/packages/astro/src/core/config/schema.ts
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ import type { AstroUserConfig, ViteUserConfig } from '../../@types/astro.js';
 import type { OutgoingHttpHeaders } from 'node:http';
 import path from 'node:path';
 import { pathToFileURL } from 'node:url';
-import { z } from 'zod';
+import { type TypeOf, z } from 'zod';
 import { appendForwardSlash, prependForwardSlash, removeTrailingForwardSlash } from '../path.js';
 
 // These imports are required to appease TypeScript!
@@ -134,7 +134,23 @@ export const AstroConfigSchema = z.object({
 				.default(ASTRO_CONFIG_DEFAULTS.build.server)
 				.transform((val) => new URL(val)),
 			assets: z.string().optional().default(ASTRO_CONFIG_DEFAULTS.build.assets),
-			assetsPrefix: z.string().optional(),
+			assetsPrefix: z
+				.string()
+				.optional()
+				.or(z.object({ fallback: z.string() }).and(z.record(z.string())).optional())
+				.refine(
+					(value) => {
+						if (value && typeof value !== 'string') {
+							if (!value.fallback) {
+								return false;
+							}
+						}
+						return true;
+					},
+					{
+						message: 'The `fallback` is mandatory when defining the option as an object.',
+					}
+				),
 			serverEntry: z.string().optional().default(ASTRO_CONFIG_DEFAULTS.build.serverEntry),
 			redirects: z.boolean().optional().default(ASTRO_CONFIG_DEFAULTS.build.redirects),
 			inlineStylesheets: z
@@ -524,7 +540,23 @@ export function createRelativeSchema(cmd: string, fileProtocolRoot: string) {
 					.default(ASTRO_CONFIG_DEFAULTS.build.server)
 					.transform((val) => resolveDirAsUrl(val, fileProtocolRoot)),
 				assets: z.string().optional().default(ASTRO_CONFIG_DEFAULTS.build.assets),
-				assetsPrefix: z.string().optional(),
+				assetsPrefix: z
+					.string()
+					.optional()
+					.or(z.object({ fallback: z.string() }).and(z.record(z.string())).optional())
+					.refine(
+						(value) => {
+							if (value && typeof value !== 'string') {
+								if (!value.fallback) {
+									return false;
+								}
+							}
+							return true;
+						},
+						{
+							message: 'The `fallback` is mandatory when defining the option as an object.',
+						}
+					),
 				serverEntry: z.string().optional().default(ASTRO_CONFIG_DEFAULTS.build.serverEntry),
 				redirects: z.boolean().optional().default(ASTRO_CONFIG_DEFAULTS.build.redirects),
 				inlineStylesheets: z
diff --git a/packages/astro/src/core/create-vite.ts b/packages/astro/src/core/create-vite.ts
index 662644fd3762..9ef4a117075e 100644
--- a/packages/astro/src/core/create-vite.ts
+++ b/packages/astro/src/core/create-vite.ts
@@ -35,6 +35,8 @@ import type { Logger } from './logger/core.js';
 import { createViteLogger } from './logger/vite.js';
 import { vitePluginMiddleware } from './middleware/vite-plugin.js';
 import { joinPaths } from './path.js';
+import { isObject } from './util.js';
+import { getAssetsPrefix } from '../assets/utils/getAssetsPrefix.js';
 
 interface CreateViteOptions {
 	settings: AstroSettings;
@@ -214,9 +216,9 @@ export async function createVite(
 	const assetsPrefix = settings.config.build.assetsPrefix;
 	if (assetsPrefix) {
 		commonConfig.experimental = {
-			renderBuiltUrl(filename, { type }) {
+			renderBuiltUrl(filename, { type, hostType }) {
 				if (type === 'asset') {
-					return joinPaths(assetsPrefix, filename);
+					return joinPaths(getAssetsPrefix(`.${hostType}`, assetsPrefix), filename);
 				}
 			},
 		};
@@ -318,6 +320,6 @@ function isCommonNotAstro(dep: string): boolean {
 	);
 }
 
-function stringifyForDefine(value: string | undefined): string {
-	return typeof value === 'string' ? JSON.stringify(value) : 'undefined';
+function stringifyForDefine(value: string | undefined | object): string {
+	return typeof value === 'string' || isObject(value) ? JSON.stringify(value) : 'undefined';
 }
diff --git a/packages/astro/src/core/render/ssr-element.ts b/packages/astro/src/core/render/ssr-element.ts
index 8593dc0bfcc8..e1a319f401ee 100644
--- a/packages/astro/src/core/render/ssr-element.ts
+++ b/packages/astro/src/core/render/ssr-element.ts
@@ -1,10 +1,12 @@
-import type { SSRElement } from '../../@types/astro.js';
-import { joinPaths, prependForwardSlash, slash } from '../../core/path.js';
+import type { SSRElement, AssetsPrefix } from '../../@types/astro.js';
+import { fileExtension, joinPaths, prependForwardSlash, slash } from '../../core/path.js';
 import type { StylesheetAsset } from '../app/types.js';
+import { getAssetsPrefix } from '../../assets/utils/getAssetsPrefix.js';
 
-export function createAssetLink(href: string, base?: string, assetsPrefix?: string): string {
+export function createAssetLink(href: string, base?: string, assetsPrefix?: AssetsPrefix): string {
 	if (assetsPrefix) {
-		return joinPaths(assetsPrefix, slash(href));
+		const pf = getAssetsPrefix(fileExtension(href), assetsPrefix);
+		return joinPaths(pf, slash(href));
 	} else if (base) {
 		return prependForwardSlash(joinPaths(base, slash(href)));
 	} else {
@@ -15,7 +17,7 @@ export function createAssetLink(href: string, base?: string, assetsPrefix?: stri
 export function createStylesheetElement(
 	stylesheet: StylesheetAsset,
 	base?: string,
-	assetsPrefix?: string
+	assetsPrefix?: AssetsPrefix
 ): SSRElement {
 	if (stylesheet.type === 'inline') {
 		return {
@@ -36,7 +38,7 @@ export function createStylesheetElement(
 export function createStylesheetElementSet(
 	stylesheets: StylesheetAsset[],
 	base?: string,
-	assetsPrefix?: string
+	assetsPrefix?: AssetsPrefix
 ): Set<SSRElement> {
 	return new Set(stylesheets.map((s) => createStylesheetElement(s, base, assetsPrefix)));
 }
@@ -44,7 +46,7 @@ export function createStylesheetElementSet(
 export function createModuleScriptElement(
 	script: { type: 'inline' | 'external'; value: string },
 	base?: string,
-	assetsPrefix?: string
+	assetsPrefix?: AssetsPrefix
 ): SSRElement {
 	if (script.type === 'external') {
 		return createModuleScriptElementWithSrc(script.value, base, assetsPrefix);
@@ -61,7 +63,7 @@ export function createModuleScriptElement(
 export function createModuleScriptElementWithSrc(
 	src: string,
 	base?: string,
-	assetsPrefix?: string
+	assetsPrefix?: AssetsPrefix
 ): SSRElement {
 	return {
 		props: {
@@ -75,7 +77,7 @@ export function createModuleScriptElementWithSrc(
 export function createModuleScriptElementWithSrcSet(
 	srces: string[],
 	site?: string,
-	assetsPrefix?: string
+	assetsPrefix?: AssetsPrefix
 ): Set<SSRElement> {
 	return new Set<SSRElement>(
 		srces.map((src) => createModuleScriptElementWithSrc(src, site, assetsPrefix))
@@ -85,7 +87,7 @@ export function createModuleScriptElementWithSrcSet(
 export function createModuleScriptsSet(
 	scripts: { type: 'inline' | 'external'; value: string }[],
 	base?: string,
-	assetsPrefix?: string
+	assetsPrefix?: AssetsPrefix
 ): Set<SSRElement> {
 	return new Set<SSRElement>(
 		scripts.map((script) => createModuleScriptElement(script, base, assetsPrefix))
diff --git a/packages/astro/test/astro-assets-prefix-multi-cdn.test.js b/packages/astro/test/astro-assets-prefix-multi-cdn.test.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..9dbf259b2d96
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/astro/test/astro-assets-prefix-multi-cdn.test.js
@@ -0,0 +1,136 @@
+import assert from 'node:assert/strict';
+import { before, describe, it } from 'node:test';
+import * as cheerio from 'cheerio';
+import testAdapter from './test-adapter.js';
+import { loadFixture } from './test-utils.js';
+
+const defaultAssetsPrefixRegex = /^https:\/\/example.com\/_astro\/.*/;
+const jsAssetsPrefixRegex = /^https:\/\/js\.example\.com\/_astro\/.*/;
+const cssAssetsPrefixRegex = /^https:\/\/css\.example\.com\/_astro\/.*/;
+const assetsPrefix = {
+	js: 'https://js.example.com',
+	css: 'https://css.example.com',
+	fallback: 'https://example.com',
+};
+
+// Asset prefix for CDN support
+describe('Assets Prefix Multiple CDN - Static', () => {
+	let fixture;
+
+	before(async () => {
+		fixture = await loadFixture({
+			root: './fixtures/astro-assets-prefix',
+			build: {
+				assetsPrefix,
+			},
+		});
+		await fixture.build();
+	});
+
+	it('all stylesheets should start with  cssAssetPrefix', async () => {
+		const html = await fixture.readFile('/index.html');
+		const $ = cheerio.load(html);
+		const stylesheets = $('link[rel="stylesheet"]');
+		stylesheets.each((i, el) => {
+			assert.match(el.attribs.href, cssAssetsPrefixRegex);
+		});
+	});
+
+	it('image src start with fallback', async () => {
+		const html = await fixture.readFile('/index.html');
+		const $ = cheerio.load(html);
+		const imgAsset = $('#image-asset');
+		assert.match(imgAsset.attr('src'), defaultAssetsPrefixRegex);
+	});
+
+	it('react component astro-island should import from jsAssetsPrefix', async () => {
+		const html = await fixture.readFile('/index.html');
+		const $ = cheerio.load(html);
+		const island = $('astro-island');
+		assert.match(island.attr('component-url'), jsAssetsPrefixRegex);
+		assert.match(island.attr('renderer-url'), jsAssetsPrefixRegex);
+	});
+
+	it('import.meta.env.ASSETS_PREFIX works', async () => {
+		const html = await fixture.readFile('/index.html');
+		const $ = cheerio.load(html);
+		const env = $('#assets-prefix-env');
+		assert.deepEqual(JSON.parse(env.text()), assetsPrefix);
+	});
+
+	it('markdown image src start with assetsPrefix', async () => {
+		const html = await fixture.readFile('/markdown/index.html');
+		const $ = cheerio.load(html);
+		const imgAssets = $('img');
+		imgAssets.each((i, el) => {
+			assert.match(el.attribs.src, defaultAssetsPrefixRegex);
+		});
+	});
+
+	it('content collections image src start with assetsPrefix', async () => {
+		const html = await fixture.readFile('/blog/index.html');
+		const $ = cheerio.load(html);
+		const imgAsset = $('img');
+		assert.match(imgAsset.attr('src'), defaultAssetsPrefixRegex);
+	});
+});
+
+describe('Assets Prefix Multiple CDN, server', () => {
+	let app;
+
+	before(async () => {
+		const fixture = await loadFixture({
+			root: './fixtures/astro-assets-prefix',
+			output: 'server',
+			adapter: testAdapter(),
+			build: {
+				assetsPrefix,
+			},
+		});
+		await fixture.build();
+		app = await fixture.loadTestAdapterApp();
+	});
+
+	it('all stylesheets should start with assetPrefix', async () => {
+		const request = new Request('http://example.com/custom-base/');
+		const response = await app.render(request);
+		assert.equal(response.status, 200);
+		const html = await response.text();
+		const $ = cheerio.load(html);
+		const stylesheets = $('link[rel="stylesheet"]');
+		stylesheets.each((i, el) => {
+			assert.match(el.attribs.href, cssAssetsPrefixRegex);
+		});
+	});
+
+	it('image src start with assetsPrefix', async () => {
+		const request = new Request('http://example.com/custom-base/');
+		const response = await app.render(request);
+		assert.equal(response.status, 200);
+		const html = await response.text();
+		const $ = cheerio.load(html);
+		const imgAsset = $('#image-asset');
+		assert.match(imgAsset.attr('src'), defaultAssetsPrefixRegex);
+	});
+
+	it('react component astro-island should import from assetsPrefix', async () => {
+		const request = new Request('http://example.com/custom-base/');
+		const response = await app.render(request);
+		assert.equal(response.status, 200);
+		const html = await response.text();
+		const $ = cheerio.load(html);
+		const island = $('astro-island');
+		assert.match(island.attr('component-url'), jsAssetsPrefixRegex);
+		assert.match(island.attr('renderer-url'), jsAssetsPrefixRegex);
+	});
+
+	it('markdown optimized image src does not start with assetsPrefix in SSR', async () => {
+		const request = new Request('http://example.com/custom-base/markdown/');
+		const response = await app.render(request);
+		assert.equal(response.status, 200);
+		const html = await response.text();
+		const $ = cheerio.load(html);
+		const imgAsset = $('img');
+		assert.doesNotMatch(imgAsset.attr('src'), defaultAssetsPrefixRegex);
+	});
+});
diff --git a/packages/astro/test/fixtures/astro-assets-prefix/src/pages/index.astro b/packages/astro/test/fixtures/astro-assets-prefix/src/pages/index.astro
index 67f6e97fa56c..4158153205f4 100644
--- a/packages/astro/test/fixtures/astro-assets-prefix/src/pages/index.astro
+++ b/packages/astro/test/fixtures/astro-assets-prefix/src/pages/index.astro
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ import Counter from '../components/Counter.jsx';
     <img id="image-asset" src={p1Image.src} width={p1Image.width} height={p1Image.height} alt="penguin" />
     <Image src={p1Image} alt="penguin" />
     <Counter client:load />
-    <p id="assets-prefix-env">{import.meta.env.ASSETS_PREFIX}</p>
+    <p id="assets-prefix-env">{typeof import.meta.env.ASSETS_PREFIX === 'string' ? import.meta.env.ASSETS_PREFIX : JSON.stringify(import.meta.env.ASSETS_PREFIX)}</p>
     <style>
       h1 {
         color: red;
diff --git a/packages/internal-helpers/src/path.ts b/packages/internal-helpers/src/path.ts
index fbbebc7c9b4a..50daf97bce76 100644
--- a/packages/internal-helpers/src/path.ts
+++ b/packages/internal-helpers/src/path.ts
@@ -92,3 +92,8 @@ export function isRemotePath(src: string) {
 export function slash(path: string) {
 	return path.replace(/\\/g, '/');
 }
+
+export function fileExtension(path: string) {
+	const ext = path.split('.').pop();
+	return ext !== path ? `.${ext}` : '';
+}