diff --git a/starboard/android/shared/platform_configuration/BUILD.gn b/starboard/android/shared/platform_configuration/BUILD.gn
index 35671e87429..ccc6d13dd91 100644
--- a/starboard/android/shared/platform_configuration/BUILD.gn
+++ b/starboard/android/shared/platform_configuration/BUILD.gn
@@ -19,6 +19,12 @@ config("platform_configuration") {
   cflags = []
 
   defines = []
+
+  include_dirs = [
+    # POSIX emulation headers
+    "//starboard/android/shared/posix_emu/include",
+  ]
+
   ldflags = [
     # The NDK default "ld" is actually the gold linker for all architectures
     # except arm64 (aarch64) where it"s the bfd linker. Don"t use either of
diff --git a/starboard/android/shared/posix_emu/include/pthread.h b/starboard/android/shared/posix_emu/include/pthread.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..1c10db2da10
--- /dev/null
+++ b/starboard/android/shared/posix_emu/include/pthread.h
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+// Copyright 2024 The Cobalt Authors. All Rights Reserved.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+#ifndef STARBOARD_ANDROID_SHARED_POSIX_EMU_INCLUDE_PTHREAD_H_
+#define STARBOARD_ANDROID_SHARED_POSIX_EMU_INCLUDE_PTHREAD_H_
+
+#include_next <pthread.h>
+
+#if __ANDROID_API__ < 26
+int pthread_getname_np(pthread_t thread, char* name, size_t len);
+#endif  // __ANDROID_API__ < 26
+
+#endif  // STARBOARD_ANDROID_SHARED_POSIX_EMU_INCLUDE_PTHREAD_H_
diff --git a/starboard/android/shared/posix_emu/pthread.cc b/starboard/android/shared/posix_emu/pthread.cc
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..633b11e5e44
--- /dev/null
+++ b/starboard/android/shared/posix_emu/pthread.cc
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+// Copyright 2024 The Cobalt Authors. All Rights Reserved.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+#include <pthread.h>
+
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <sys/prctl.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+
+#if __ANDROID_API__ < 26
+// The API doesn exist before API Level 26 and we currently target 24
+// If this is the current thread we can obtain the name using `prctl`.
+int pthread_getname_np(pthread_t thread, char* name, size_t len) {
+  // The PR_GET_NAME expects a buffer of size 16 bytes.
+  if (pthread_equal(pthread_self(), thread) && len >= 16) {
+    prctl(PR_GET_NAME, name, 0L, 0L, 0L);
+    return 0;
+  }
+  return -1;
+}
+#endif  // __ANDROID_API__ < 26
diff --git a/starboard/elf_loader/exported_symbols.cc b/starboard/elf_loader/exported_symbols.cc
index fb36d3d2c3f..450f77bb706 100644
--- a/starboard/elf_loader/exported_symbols.cc
+++ b/starboard/elf_loader/exported_symbols.cc
@@ -510,10 +510,12 @@ ExportedSymbols::ExportedSymbols() {
       reinterpret_cast<const void*>(&__abi_wrap_pthread_detach);
   map_["pthread_equal"] =
       reinterpret_cast<const void*>(&__abi_wrap_pthread_equal);
-  map_["pthread_join"] =
-      reinterpret_cast<const void*>(&__abi_wrap_pthread_join);
+  map_["pthread_getname_np"] =
+      reinterpret_cast<const void*>(&__abi_wrap_pthread_getname_np);
   map_["pthread_getspecific"] =
       reinterpret_cast<const void*>(&__abi_wrap_pthread_getspecific);
+  map_["pthread_join"] =
+      reinterpret_cast<const void*>(&__abi_wrap_pthread_join);
   map_["pthread_key_create"] =
       reinterpret_cast<const void*>(&__abi_wrap_pthread_key_create);
   map_["pthread_key_delete"] =
@@ -534,6 +536,8 @@ ExportedSymbols::ExportedSymbols() {
       reinterpret_cast<const void*>(&__abi_wrap_pthread_self);
   map_["pthread_setspecific"] =
       reinterpret_cast<const void*>(&__abi_wrap_pthread_setspecific);
+  map_["pthread_setname_np"] =
+      reinterpret_cast<const void*>(&__abi_wrap_pthread_setname_np);
   map_["stat"] = reinterpret_cast<const void*>(&__abi_wrap_stat);
   map_["time"] = reinterpret_cast<const void*>(&__abi_wrap_time);
   map_["accept"] = reinterpret_cast<const void*>(&__abi_wrap_accept);
diff --git a/starboard/nplb/BUILD.gn b/starboard/nplb/BUILD.gn
index 04ceafbe07c..346ee856415 100644
--- a/starboard/nplb/BUILD.gn
+++ b/starboard/nplb/BUILD.gn
@@ -175,10 +175,12 @@ target(gtest_target_type, "nplb") {
     "posix_compliance/posix_thread_create_test.cc",
     "posix_compliance/posix_thread_detach_test.cc",
     "posix_compliance/posix_thread_get_current_test.cc",
+    "posix_compliance/posix_thread_get_name_test.cc",
     "posix_compliance/posix_thread_helpers.cc",
     "posix_compliance/posix_thread_is_equal_test.cc",
     "posix_compliance/posix_thread_join_test.cc",
     "posix_compliance/posix_thread_local_value_test.cc",
+    "posix_compliance/posix_thread_set_name_test.cc",
     "posix_compliance/posix_thread_sleep_test.cc",
     "posix_compliance/posix_thread_yield_test.cc",
     "posix_compliance/posix_time_test.cc",
diff --git a/starboard/nplb/posix_compliance/posix_thread_get_name_test.cc b/starboard/nplb/posix_compliance/posix_thread_get_name_test.cc
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..5093ca4fb5f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/starboard/nplb/posix_compliance/posix_thread_get_name_test.cc
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+// Copyright 2024 The Cobalt Authors. All Rights Reserved.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+#include <pthread.h>
+
+#include "starboard/nplb/thread_helpers.h"
+#include "testing/gtest/include/gtest/gtest.h"
+
+namespace starboard {
+namespace nplb {
+namespace {
+
+void* GetThreadNameEntryPoint(void* context) {
+  pthread_setname_np(pthread_self(), kThreadName);
+
+  char name[4096] = {0};
+  pthread_getname_np(pthread_self(), name, SB_ARRAY_SIZE_INT(name));
+  std::string* result = static_cast<std::string*>(context);
+  *result = name;
+  return NULL;
+}
+
+TEST(PosixThreadGetNameTest, SunnyDay) {
+  std::string result;
+
+  pthread_t thread;
+  EXPECT_EQ(pthread_create(&thread, NULL, GetThreadNameEntryPoint, &result), 0);
+
+  EXPECT_TRUE(thread != 0);
+  EXPECT_EQ(pthread_join(thread, NULL), 0);
+  EXPECT_EQ(kThreadName, result);
+}
+
+}  // namespace
+}  // namespace nplb
+}  // namespace starboard
diff --git a/starboard/nplb/posix_compliance/posix_thread_set_name_test.cc b/starboard/nplb/posix_compliance/posix_thread_set_name_test.cc
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..6019a4da78b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/starboard/nplb/posix_compliance/posix_thread_set_name_test.cc
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+// Copyright 2024 The Cobalt Authors. All Rights Reserved.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+#include <pthread.h>
+
+#include "starboard/nplb/thread_helpers.h"
+#include "testing/gtest/include/gtest/gtest.h"
+
+namespace starboard {
+namespace nplb {
+namespace {
+
+struct Context {
+  std::string got_name1;
+  std::string name_to_set;
+  std::string got_name2;
+};
+
+// Gets the thread's name and sets it in the context.
+void* SetThreadNameEntryPoint(void* context) {
+  char name[4096] = {0};
+  Context* real_context = static_cast<Context*>(context);
+
+  pthread_getname_np(pthread_self(), name, SB_ARRAY_SIZE_INT(name));
+  real_context->got_name1 = name;
+
+  pthread_setname_np(pthread_self(), real_context->name_to_set.c_str());
+
+  pthread_getname_np(pthread_self(), name, SB_ARRAY_SIZE_INT(name));
+  real_context->got_name2 = name;
+
+  return NULL;
+}
+
+TEST(PosixThreadSetNameTest, SunnyDay) {
+  Context context;
+  context.name_to_set = kAltThreadName;
+  pthread_t thread;
+  EXPECT_EQ(pthread_create(&thread, NULL, SetThreadNameEntryPoint, &context),
+            0);
+  EXPECT_TRUE(thread != 0);
+  EXPECT_EQ(pthread_join(thread, NULL), 0);
+  EXPECT_NE(kAltThreadName, context.got_name1);
+  EXPECT_EQ(kAltThreadName, context.got_name2);
+}
+
+}  // namespace
+}  // namespace nplb
+}  // namespace starboard
diff --git a/starboard/shared/modular/cobalt_layer_posix_pthread_abi_wrappers.cc b/starboard/shared/modular/cobalt_layer_posix_pthread_abi_wrappers.cc
index 1d317c986f1..d33634ffa13 100644
--- a/starboard/shared/modular/cobalt_layer_posix_pthread_abi_wrappers.cc
+++ b/starboard/shared/modular/cobalt_layer_posix_pthread_abi_wrappers.cc
@@ -185,6 +185,17 @@ int __abi_wrap_pthread_setspecific(pthread_key_t key, const void* value);
 int pthread_setspecific(pthread_key_t key, const void* value) {
   return __abi_wrap_pthread_setspecific(key, value);
 }
+
+int __abi_wrap_pthread_setname_np(pthread_t thread, const char* name);
+
+int pthread_setname_np(pthread_t thread, const char* name) {
+  return __abi_wrap_pthread_setname_np(thread, name);
 }
 
+int __abi_wrap_pthread_getname_np(pthread_t thread, char* name, size_t len);
+
+int pthread_getname_np(pthread_t thread, char* name, size_t len) {
+  return __abi_wrap_pthread_getname_np(thread, name, len);
+}
+}
 #endif  // SB_API_VERSION >= 16
diff --git a/starboard/shared/modular/starboard_layer_posix_pthread_abi_wrappers.cc b/starboard/shared/modular/starboard_layer_posix_pthread_abi_wrappers.cc
index 24599c4b232..1a4df37e361 100644
--- a/starboard/shared/modular/starboard_layer_posix_pthread_abi_wrappers.cc
+++ b/starboard/shared/modular/starboard_layer_posix_pthread_abi_wrappers.cc
@@ -370,3 +370,13 @@ int __abi_wrap_pthread_setspecific(musl_pthread_key_t key, const void* value) {
   return pthread_setspecific(
       reinterpret_cast<PosixThreadLocalKeyPrivate*>(key)->key, value);
 }
+
+int __abi_wrap_pthread_setname_np(musl_pthread_t thread, const char* name) {
+  return pthread_setname_np(reinterpret_cast<pthread_t>(thread), name);
+}
+
+int __abi_wrap_pthread_getname_np(musl_pthread_t thread,
+                                  char* name,
+                                  size_t len) {
+  return pthread_getname_np(reinterpret_cast<pthread_t>(thread), name, len);
+}
diff --git a/starboard/shared/modular/starboard_layer_posix_pthread_abi_wrappers.h b/starboard/shared/modular/starboard_layer_posix_pthread_abi_wrappers.h
index 175cc497a44..be73b119a2c 100644
--- a/starboard/shared/modular/starboard_layer_posix_pthread_abi_wrappers.h
+++ b/starboard/shared/modular/starboard_layer_posix_pthread_abi_wrappers.h
@@ -112,6 +112,12 @@ SB_EXPORT void* __abi_wrap_pthread_getspecific(musl_pthread_key_t key);
 SB_EXPORT int __abi_wrap_pthread_setspecific(musl_pthread_key_t key,
                                              const void* value);
 
+SB_EXPORT int __abi_wrap_pthread_setname_np(musl_pthread_t thread,
+                                            const char* name);
+SB_EXPORT int __abi_wrap_pthread_getname_np(musl_pthread_t thread,
+                                            char* name,
+                                            size_t len);
+
 #ifdef __cplusplus
 }  // extern "C"
 #endif
diff --git a/starboard/shared/win32/posix_emu/include/pthread.h b/starboard/shared/win32/posix_emu/include/pthread.h
index 36ef23e50cc..46546c0bb61 100644
--- a/starboard/shared/win32/posix_emu/include/pthread.h
+++ b/starboard/shared/win32/posix_emu/include/pthread.h
@@ -74,6 +74,8 @@ int pthread_detach(pthread_t thread);
 pthread_t pthread_self();
 int pthread_equal(pthread_t t1, pthread_t t2);
 
+int pthread_setname_np(pthread_t thread, const char* name);
+int pthread_getname_np(pthread_t thread, char* name, size_t len);
 #ifdef __cplusplus
 }
 #endif
diff --git a/starboard/shared/win32/posix_emu/pthread.cc b/starboard/shared/win32/posix_emu/pthread.cc
index aed69bf05a0..8f507d9c1ba 100644
--- a/starboard/shared/win32/posix_emu/pthread.cc
+++ b/starboard/shared/win32/posix_emu/pthread.cc
@@ -18,10 +18,13 @@
 #include <cstdint>
 
 #include "starboard/common/log.h"
+#include "starboard/common/string.h"
 #include "starboard/common/time.h"
 #include "starboard/shared/win32/thread_local_internal.h"
 #include "starboard/shared/win32/thread_private.h"
+#include "starboard/shared/win32/wchar_utils.h"
 
+using starboard::shared::win32::CStringToWString;
 using starboard::shared::win32::GetCurrentSbThreadPrivate;
 using starboard::shared::win32::GetThreadSubsystemSingleton;
 using starboard::shared::win32::SbThreadPrivate;
@@ -314,4 +317,24 @@ int pthread_setspecific(pthread_key_t key, const void* value) {
   return TlsInternalSetValue(tls_index, const_cast<void*>(value)) ? 0 : -1;
 }
 
+int pthread_setname_np(pthread_t thread, const char* name) {
+  SbThreadPrivate* thread_private = static_cast<SbThreadPrivate*>(thread);
+  std::wstring wname = CStringToWString(name);
+
+  HRESULT hr = SetThreadDescription(thread_private->handle_, wname.c_str());
+  if (FAILED(hr)) {
+    return -1;
+  }
+  // We store the thread name in our own TLS context as well as telling
+  // the OS because it's much easier to retrieve from our own TLS context.
+  thread_private->name_ = name;
+
+  return 0;
+}
+
+int pthread_getname_np(pthread_t thread, char* name, size_t len) {
+  SbThreadPrivate* thread_private = static_cast<SbThreadPrivate*>(thread);
+  starboard::strlcpy(name, thread_private->name_.c_str(), len);
+  return 0;
+}
 }  // extern "C"
diff --git a/starboard/tools/api_leak_detector/api_leak_detector.py b/starboard/tools/api_leak_detector/api_leak_detector.py
index 430e797dcf2..083cd41d6d6 100755
--- a/starboard/tools/api_leak_detector/api_leak_detector.py
+++ b/starboard/tools/api_leak_detector/api_leak_detector.py
@@ -146,6 +146,8 @@
     'pthread_key_create',
     'pthread_key_delete',
     'pthread_setspecific',
+    'pthread_setname_np',
+    'pthread_getname_np',
     'usleep',
 ]
 
diff --git a/third_party/musl/src/starboard/pthread/pthread.c b/third_party/musl/src/starboard/pthread/pthread.c
index 95459824e13..04e350ec463 100644
--- a/third_party/musl/src/starboard/pthread/pthread.c
+++ b/third_party/musl/src/starboard/pthread/pthread.c
@@ -195,4 +195,24 @@ int pthread_setspecific(pthread_key_t key, const void* value) {
   return SbThreadSetLocalValue((SbThreadLocalKey)key, value)? 0: -1;
 }
 
+int pthread_setname_np(pthread_t thread, const char* name) {
+  // Starboard 14/15 can only set thread name for the current thread
+  if (SbThreadGetCurrent() != thread) {
+    SB_DCHECK(false);
+    return -1;
+  }
+  SbThreadSetName(name);
+  return 0;
+}
+
+int pthread_getname_np(pthread_t thread, char* name, size_t len) {
+  // Starboard 14/15 can only get the thread name for the current thread
+  if (SbThreadGetCurrent() != thread) {
+    SB_DCHECK(false);
+    return -1;
+  }
+  SbThreadGetName(name, len); 
+  return 0;
+}
+
 #endif  // SB_API_VERSION < 16
diff --git a/third_party/musl/src/starboard/pthread/pthread.h b/third_party/musl/src/starboard/pthread/pthread.h
index 777adfebad7..60acecf66c6 100644
--- a/third_party/musl/src/starboard/pthread/pthread.h
+++ b/third_party/musl/src/starboard/pthread/pthread.h
@@ -173,6 +173,9 @@ int pthread_detach(pthread_t thread);
 pthread_t pthread_self();
 int pthread_equal(pthread_t t1, pthread_t t2);
 
+int pthread_setname_np(pthread_t thread, const char* name);
+int pthread_getname_np(pthread_t thread, char* name, size_t len);
+
 #ifdef __cplusplus
 }  // extern "C"
 #endif