diff --git a/src/cdk/a11y/key-manager/tree-key-manager.ts b/src/cdk/a11y/key-manager/tree-key-manager.ts
index f5103d05b42b..d14cb7f9087b 100644
--- a/src/cdk/a11y/key-manager/tree-key-manager.ts
+++ b/src/cdk/a11y/key-manager/tree-key-manager.ts
@@ -263,7 +263,7 @@ export class TreeKeyManager<T extends TreeKeyManagerItem> {
    * @param treeItem The item that was clicked by the user.
    */
   onClick(treeItem: T) {
-    this._setActiveItem(treeItem);
+    this.setActiveItem(treeItem);
   }
 
   /** Index of the currently active item. */
@@ -284,9 +284,9 @@ export class TreeKeyManager<T extends TreeKeyManagerItem> {
     this._focusFirstItem();
   }
 
-  private _setActiveItem(index: number): void;
-  private _setActiveItem(item: T): void;
-  private _setActiveItem(itemOrIndex: number | T) {
+  setActiveItem(index: number): void;
+  setActiveItem(item: T): void;
+  setActiveItem(itemOrIndex: number | T) {
     let index =
       typeof itemOrIndex === 'number'
         ? itemOrIndex
@@ -358,7 +358,7 @@ export class TreeKeyManager<T extends TreeKeyManagerItem> {
             !this._skipPredicateFn(item) &&
             item.getLabel?.().toLocaleUpperCase().trim().indexOf(inputString) === 0
           ) {
-            this._setActiveItem(index);
+            this.setActiveItem(index);
             break;
           }
         }
@@ -370,19 +370,19 @@ export class TreeKeyManager<T extends TreeKeyManagerItem> {
   //// Navigational methods
 
   private _focusFirstItem() {
-    this._setActiveItem(this._findNextAvailableItemIndex(-1));
+    this.setActiveItem(this._findNextAvailableItemIndex(-1));
   }
 
   private _focusLastItem() {
-    this._setActiveItem(this._findPreviousAvailableItemIndex(this._items.length));
+    this.setActiveItem(this._findPreviousAvailableItemIndex(this._items.length));
   }
 
   private _focusPreviousItem() {
-    this._setActiveItem(this._findPreviousAvailableItemIndex(this._activeItemIndex));
+    this.setActiveItem(this._findPreviousAvailableItemIndex(this._activeItemIndex));
   }
 
   private _focusNextItem() {
-    this._setActiveItem(this._findNextAvailableItemIndex(this._activeItemIndex));
+    this.setActiveItem(this._findNextAvailableItemIndex(this._activeItemIndex));
   }
 
   private _findNextAvailableItemIndex(startingIndex: number) {
@@ -418,7 +418,7 @@ export class TreeKeyManager<T extends TreeKeyManagerItem> {
       if (!parent || this._skipPredicateFn(parent as T)) {
         return;
       }
-      this._setActiveItem(parent as T);
+      this.setActiveItem(parent as T);
     }
   }
 
@@ -440,7 +440,7 @@ export class TreeKeyManager<T extends TreeKeyManagerItem> {
           if (!firstChild) {
             return;
           }
-          this._setActiveItem(firstChild as T);
+          this.setActiveItem(firstChild as T);
         });
     }
   }
diff --git a/src/cdk/tree/toggle.ts b/src/cdk/tree/toggle.ts
index 3a4466f776ca..e438784f98c4 100644
--- a/src/cdk/tree/toggle.ts
+++ b/src/cdk/tree/toggle.ts
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
  */
 
 import {BooleanInput, coerceBooleanProperty} from '@angular/cdk/coercion';
-import {Directive, Input} from '@angular/core';
+import {ChangeDetectorRef, Directive, Input, inject} from '@angular/core';
 
 import {CdkTree, CdkTreeNode} from './tree';
 
@@ -34,11 +34,17 @@ export class CdkTreeNodeToggle<T, K = T> {
 
   constructor(protected _tree: CdkTree<T, K>, protected _treeNode: CdkTreeNode<T, K>) {}
 
+  // Toggle the expanded or collapsed state of this node.
+
+  // Focus this node with expanding or collapsing it. This ensures that the active node will always
+  // be visible when expanding and collapsing.
   _toggle(event: Event): void {
     this.recursive
       ? this._tree.toggleDescendants(this._treeNode.data)
       : this._tree.toggle(this._treeNode.data);
 
+    this._tree._keyManager.setActiveItem(this._treeNode);
+
     event.stopPropagation();
   }
 }
diff --git a/src/cdk/tree/tree-redesign.spec.ts b/src/cdk/tree/tree-redesign.spec.ts
index 53f96977fc6b..32caf84d329c 100644
--- a/src/cdk/tree/tree-redesign.spec.ts
+++ b/src/cdk/tree/tree-redesign.spec.ts
@@ -270,6 +270,26 @@ describe('CdkTree redesign', () => {
           .toBe(0);
       });
 
+      it('should focus a node when collapsing it', () => {
+        dataSource.clear();
+        const parent = dataSource.addData();
+        const child = dataSource.addChild(parent);
+        component.tree.expandAll();
+        fixture.detectChanges();
+
+        // focus the child node
+        getNodes(treeElement)[1].click();
+        fixture.detectChanges();
+
+        // collapse the parent node
+        getNodes(treeElement)[0].click();
+        fixture.detectChanges();
+
+        expect(getNodes(treeElement).map(x => x.getAttribute('tabindex')))
+          .withContext(`Expecting parent node to be focused since it was collapsed.`)
+          .toEqual(['0', '-1']);
+      });
+
       it('should expand/collapse the node recursively', () => {
         expect(dataSource.data.length).toBe(3);
 
@@ -1310,15 +1330,21 @@ class FakeDataSource extends DataSource<TestData> {
     return child;
   }
 
-  addData(level: number = 1) {
+  addData(level: number = 1): TestData {
     const nextIndex = ++this.dataIndex;
 
     let copiedData = this.data.slice();
-    copiedData.push(
-      new TestData(`topping_${nextIndex}`, `cheese_${nextIndex}`, `base_${nextIndex}`, level),
+    const newData = new TestData(
+      `topping_${nextIndex}`,
+      `cheese_${nextIndex}`,
+      `base_${nextIndex}`,
+      level,
     );
+    copiedData.push(newData);
 
     this.data = copiedData;
+
+    return newData;
   }
 
   getRecursiveData(nodes: TestData[] = this._dataChange.getValue()): TestData[] {
@@ -1326,6 +1352,11 @@ class FakeDataSource extends DataSource<TestData> {
       ...new Set(nodes.flatMap(parent => [parent, ...this.getRecursiveData(parent.children)])),
     ];
   }
+
+  clear() {
+    this.data = [];
+    this.dataIndex = 0;
+  }
 }
 
 function getNodes(treeElement: Element): HTMLElement[] {
diff --git a/tools/public_api_guard/cdk/a11y.md b/tools/public_api_guard/cdk/a11y.md
index 4e8ab944446e..a28e5a29efbd 100644
--- a/tools/public_api_guard/cdk/a11y.md
+++ b/tools/public_api_guard/cdk/a11y.md
@@ -433,6 +433,10 @@ export class TreeKeyManager<T extends TreeKeyManagerItem> {
     onClick(treeItem: T): void;
     onInitialFocus(): void;
     onKeydown(event: KeyboardEvent): void;
+    // (undocumented)
+    setActiveItem(index: number): void;
+    // (undocumented)
+    setActiveItem(item: T): void;
     readonly tabOut: Subject<void>;
 }