diff --git a/src/RestrictedPython/Eval.py b/src/RestrictedPython/Eval.py
index 5051a6d..836ea5e 100644
--- a/src/RestrictedPython/Eval.py
+++ b/src/RestrictedPython/Eval.py
@@ -12,16 +12,22 @@
 ##############################################################################
 """Restricted Python Expressions."""
 
-from RestrictedPython.RCompile import compile_restricted_eval
-from string import strip
-from string import translate
+from ._compat import IS_PY2
+from .compile import compile_restricted_eval
 
-import string
+import ast
 
 
-nltosp = string.maketrans('\r\n', '  ')
+if IS_PY2:
+    from string import maketrans
+else:
+    maketrans = str.maketrans
 
-default_guarded_getattr = getattr  # No restrictions.
+
+nltosp = maketrans('\r\n', '  ')
+
+# No restrictions.
+default_guarded_getattr = getattr
 
 
 def default_guarded_getitem(ob, index):
@@ -29,15 +35,17 @@ def default_guarded_getitem(ob, index):
     return ob[index]
 
 
-PROFILE = 0
-
-
 class RestrictionCapableEval(object):
     """A base class for restricted code."""
 
     globals = {'__builtins__': None}
-    rcode = None  # restricted
-    ucode = None  # unrestricted
+    # restricted
+    rcode = None
+
+    # unrestricted
+    ucode = None
+
+    # Names used by the expression
     used = None
 
     def __init__(self, expr):
@@ -47,74 +55,60 @@ def __init__(self, expr):
 
           expr -- a string containing the expression to be evaluated.
         """
-        expr = strip(expr)
+        expr = expr.strip()
         self.__name__ = expr
-        expr = translate(expr, nltosp)
+        expr = expr.translate(nltosp)
         self.expr = expr
-        self.prepUnrestrictedCode()  # Catch syntax errors.
+        # Catch syntax errors.
+        self.prepUnrestrictedCode()
 
     def prepRestrictedCode(self):
         if self.rcode is None:
-            if PROFILE:
-                from time import clock
-                start = clock()
-            co, err, warn, used = compile_restricted_eval(
-                self.expr, '<string>')
-            if PROFILE:
-                end = clock()
-                print('prepRestrictedCode: %d ms for %s' % (
-                    (end - start) * 1000, repr(self.expr)))
-            if err:
-                raise SyntaxError(err[0])
-            self.used = tuple(used.keys())
-            self.rcode = co
+            result = compile_restricted_eval(self.expr, '<string>')
+            if result.errors:
+                raise SyntaxError(result.errors[0])
+            self.used = tuple(result.used_names)
+            self.rcode = result.code
 
     def prepUnrestrictedCode(self):
         if self.ucode is None:
-            # Use the standard compiler.
-            co = compile(self.expr, '<string>', 'eval')
+            exp_node = compile(
+                self.expr,
+                '<string>',
+                'eval',
+                ast.PyCF_ONLY_AST)
+
+            co = compile(exp_node, '<string>', 'eval')
+
+            # Examine the ast to discover which names the expression needs.
             if self.used is None:
-                # Examine the code object, discovering which names
-                # the expression needs.
-                names = list(co.co_names)
-                used = {}
-                i = 0
-                code = co.co_code
-                l = len(code)
-                LOAD_NAME = 101
-                HAVE_ARGUMENT = 90
-                while(i < l):
-                    c = ord(code[i])
-                    if c == LOAD_NAME:
-                        name = names[ord(code[i + 1]) + 256 * ord(code[i + 2])]
-                        used[name] = 1
-                        i = i + 3
-                    elif c >= HAVE_ARGUMENT:
-                        i = i + 3
-                    else:
-                        i = i + 1
-                self.used = tuple(used.keys())
+                used = set()
+                for node in ast.walk(exp_node):
+                    if isinstance(node, ast.Name):
+                        if isinstance(node.ctx, ast.Load):
+                            used.add(node.id)
+
+                self.used = tuple(used)
+
             self.ucode = co
 
     def eval(self, mapping):
         # This default implementation is probably not very useful. :-(
         # This is meant to be overridden.
         self.prepRestrictedCode()
-        code = self.rcode
-        d = {'_getattr_': default_guarded_getattr,
-             '_getitem_': default_guarded_getitem}
-        d.update(self.globals)
-        has_key = d.has_key
+
+        global_scope = {
+            '_getattr_': default_guarded_getattr,
+            '_getitem_': default_guarded_getitem
+        }
+
+        global_scope.update(self.globals)
+
         for name in self.used:
-            try:
-                if not has_key(name):
-                    d[name] = mapping[name]
-            except KeyError:
-                # Swallow KeyErrors since the expression
-                # might not actually need the name.  If it
-                # does need the name, a NameError will occur.
-                pass
-        return eval(code, d)
+            if (name not in global_scope) and (name in mapping):
+                global_scope[name] = mapping[name]
+
+        return eval(self.rcode, global_scope)
 
     def __call__(self, **kw):
         return self.eval(kw)
diff --git a/src/RestrictedPython/tests/testRestrictions.py b/src/RestrictedPython/tests/testRestrictions.py
index 369b125..c13e04d 100644
--- a/src/RestrictedPython/tests/testRestrictions.py
+++ b/src/RestrictedPython/tests/testRestrictions.py
@@ -6,7 +6,6 @@
 # here instead.
 
 from RestrictedPython import PrintCollector
-from RestrictedPython.Eval import RestrictionCapableEval
 from RestrictedPython.RCompile import compile_restricted
 from RestrictedPython.RCompile import RFunction
 from RestrictedPython.RCompile import RModule
@@ -307,17 +306,6 @@ def test_NestedScopes1(self):
         res = self.execFunc('nested_scopes_1')
         self.assertEqual(res, 2)
 
-    def test_UnrestrictedEval(self):
-        expr = RestrictionCapableEval("{'a':[m.pop()]}['a'] + [m[0]]")
-        v = [12, 34]
-        expect = v[:]
-        expect.reverse()
-        res = expr.eval({'m': v})
-        self.assertEqual(res, expect)
-        v = [12, 34]
-        res = expr(m=v)
-        self.assertEqual(res, expect)
-
     def test_StackSize(self):
         for k, rfunc in rmodule.items():
             if not k.startswith('_') and hasattr(rfunc, 'func_code'):
diff --git a/src/RestrictedPython/transformer.py b/src/RestrictedPython/transformer.py
index 7235a28..454ef4c 100644
--- a/src/RestrictedPython/transformer.py
+++ b/src/RestrictedPython/transformer.py
@@ -90,7 +90,13 @@ def __init__(self, errors=None, warnings=None, used_names=None):
         super(RestrictingNodeTransformer, self).__init__()
         self.errors = [] if errors is None else errors
         self.warnings = [] if warnings is None else warnings
-        self.used_names = [] if used_names is None else used_names
+
+        # All the variables used by the incoming source.
+        # Internal names/variables, like the ones from 'gen_tmp_name', don't
+        # have to be added.
+        # 'used_names' is for example needed by 'RestrictionCapableEval' to
+        # know wich names it has to supply when calling the final code.
+        self.used_names = {} if used_names is None else used_names
 
         # Global counter to construct temporary variable names.
         self._tmp_idx = 0
@@ -116,12 +122,6 @@ def warn(self, node, info):
         self.warnings.append(
             'Line {lineno}: {info}'.format(lineno=lineno, info=info))
 
-    def use_name(self, node, info):
-        """Record a security error discovered during transformation."""
-        lineno = getattr(node, 'lineno', None)
-        self.used_names.append(
-            'Line {lineno}: {info}'.format(lineno=lineno, info=info))
-
     def guard_iter(self, node):
         """
         Converts:
@@ -585,6 +585,8 @@ def visit_Name(self, node):
                 copy_locations(new_node, node)
                 return new_node
 
+            self.used_names[node.id] = True
+
         self.check_name(node, node.id)
         return node
 
diff --git a/tests/test_compile.py b/tests/test_compile.py
index d62a783..2e3d5cb 100644
--- a/tests/test_compile.py
+++ b/tests/test_compile.py
@@ -147,3 +147,11 @@ def test_compile__compile_restricted_eval__1(c_eval):
 def test_compile__compile_restricted_eval__2(e_eval):
     """It compiles code as an Expression."""
     assert e_eval('4 * 6') == 24
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(*c_eval)
+def test_compile__compile_restricted_eval__used_names(c_eval):
+    result = c_eval("a + b + func(x)")
+    assert result.errors == ()
+    assert result.warnings == []
+    assert result.used_names == {'a': True, 'b': True, 'x': True, 'func': True}
diff --git a/tests/test_eval.py b/tests/test_eval.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f9046a4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/test_eval.py
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+from RestrictedPython.Eval import RestrictionCapableEval
+
+import pytest
+
+
+exp = """
+    {'a':[m.pop()]}['a'] \
+        + [m[0]]
+"""
+
+
+def test_init():
+    ob = RestrictionCapableEval(exp)
+
+    assert ob.expr == "{'a':[m.pop()]}['a']         + [m[0]]"
+    assert ob.used == ('m', )
+    assert ob.ucode is not None
+    assert ob.rcode is None
+
+
+def test_init_with_syntax_error():
+    with pytest.raises(SyntaxError):
+        RestrictionCapableEval("if:")
+
+
+def test_prepRestrictedCode():
+    ob = RestrictionCapableEval(exp)
+    ob.prepRestrictedCode()
+    assert ob.used == ('m', )
+    assert ob.rcode is not None
+
+
+def test_call():
+    ob = RestrictionCapableEval(exp)
+    ret = ob(m=[1, 2])
+    assert ret == [2, 1]
+
+
+def test_eval():
+    ob = RestrictionCapableEval(exp)
+    ret = ob.eval({'m': [1, 2]})
+    assert ret == [2, 1]
diff --git a/tests/transformer/test_transformer.py b/tests/transformer/test_transformer.py
index 41651a2..9080c50 100644
--- a/tests/transformer/test_transformer.py
+++ b/tests/transformer/test_transformer.py
@@ -62,11 +62,7 @@ def test_transformer__RestrictingNodeTransformer__visit_Call__1(c_exec):
     loc = {}
     exec(result.code, {}, loc)
     assert loc['a'] == 3
-    if c_exec is RestrictedPython.compile.compile_restricted_exec:
-        # The new version not yet supports `used_names`:
-        assert result.used_names == {}
-    else:
-        assert result.used_names == {'max': True}
+    assert result.used_names == {'max': True}
 
 
 YIELD = """\