Git Your Practice On!

• Git Reference http://gitref.org/basic
• Pro Git Online Book http://git-scm.com/book
• Git Ready http://gitready.com
• Quick Command Practice http://try.github.com
• Git Real http://www.codeschool.com/courses/git-real
• How to GitHub: Fork, Branch, Track, Squash and Pull Request http://gun.io/blog/how-to-github-fork-branch-and-pull-request
• Learn Git Online http://learn.github.com/p/intro.html
• Git: The Simple Guide http://rogerdudler.github.com/git-guide
• Git Immersion http://gitimmersion.com

Welcome to my practice git repository where you can eff up as much as you'd like plus work with a real, living, breathing person on the other side. Here we learn all things git. Feel free to send me Pull Requests just to discover what it's like when a Repo Master asks you

"Can you squash your commits for us"

and you're all like...

"How the hell do I do that?"

This is where we make those mistakes ... so don't be scared :)

##Instructions

Fork this repo and send me a Pull Request with anything from Grandma Peggy's Crumbled Oatmeal Cookie Recipe to your favorite Sublime Text 2 preferences. It's all good yo! Learning is the prize in this game.

Typical and highly useful git commands

git clone git@github.com:<user_name>/the-repo-you-are-cloning.git

• Clones your remote origin repo locally

git fetch upstream

• Pulls in the remote changes not present in your local repo. Downloads objects and references from another repository.

git merge upstream/master

• Merges any changes fetched into your working files

git add <file>

• Start tracking new files and also stage changes to already tracked files

git status and git diff

• Tells us what files and assets have been modified and staged

git status -s

• This will display what files have been removed, changed or modified.
• (M) - modified
• (A) - added
• (AM) - file has not been altered since it was last added

git commit -m 'the message goes here for the commit'

• Records a snapshot of the project into your history at the time of your commit.

git add '*.<file_extension>'

• This command adds all file types with the same extension, especially from different directories. Without quotes the command will only execute within the same directory it's been called from.

git rm --cached <file>

• Unstages a file from the working tree (i.e. stops tracking the file).

git log

• Remembers all the changes we've committed so far, in the order we committed them.

git log --summary

• See where new files were added for the first time or where files were deleted.

git remote add origin git@github.com:<user_name>/<repo_name>.git

• Creates a brand new remote repository.

git remote -v

• Show a list of the current remote repositories

git reset <file>

• Removes the desired file from staging area.

git branch -r

• List all the remote branches currently tracked

git remote prune origin

• Deletes branch locally if it has been removed remotely. Helps to remove stale references.

git checkout <target>

• Changes the desired target back to the state of the last commit. A target can be a file or a directory (for example).

git rebase

• Rebase allows you to easily change a series of commits, reordering, editing, or squashing commits together into a single commit.
• Be warned: it's considered bad practice to rebase commits which you have already pushed to a remote repo. Doing so may invoke the wrath of the git gods. https://help.github.com/articles/interactive-rebase

##Adding git add <list of files> (i.e. git add read me.md license.txt. Can be multiples)

git add --all Add all the new files since last

git add *.txt Add all txt files in directory

##Staging git diff Show unstated differences since last commit

git diff --staged Gets the staged differences and doisplays what has changed since our last commit

##Reverting git reset HEAD <file> Head is the last commit on the current branch we are on. What if you stage something you didn't need to be staged? This is the key

git checkout -- <file> Blow away all changes to a file since last commit

git reset --soft HEAD^ What if you regret commit? This will undo your last commit. (^ means move commit before HEAD and puts changes into staging).

git reset --hard HEAD Undo Last commit and all changes

git commit --amend -m "added another file to the commit' New commit message will override previous commit message

##Remotes "Remotes are kinda like bookmarks"

git remote -v Show the current remote repos

git remote add <name> <address> Add a new remote repo

git remote rm <name> Remove remote repo

##Cloning, Branching, Fetching & Merging git fetch Pulls down any changes but doesn't merge them

git branch <branch name> Makes a new branch

git checkout <branch name> Switching branch and on a different timeline

git merge <branch> Merges branch into master

git branch -d <branch name> Deletes branch

git checkout -b <branch name> Creates a new branch and then switches to it

VI Editor Quick Key Exit :wq + enter

##Pushing & Pulling git push -u origin master (remote repo name, local branch name) -u Lets you just run git push later on without specifying name and branch

git pull Pull changes in and syncs up your repo

git pull Fetches or syncs local with remote repo. Doesn't update local code

##Branching git branch -r List all remote branches

git remote show origin Show all the remote branches

git push origin :<branch name> Deletes the remote branch

git branch -D <branch name> Delete the local repo branch and if you don't want the commits any longer on it then delete them too.

git remote prune origin Deletes the branch locally if it has been removed remotely. Helps to remove stale references.

##Rebasing "Merge commits are bad"

git rebase Move all changes to master local which are not in origin/master remote to a temporary area

##History git log Viewing the commits history

git config --global color.ui true Color codes the commit SHA

git log --pretty=oneline or git log --graph --oneline --all Commit and history is one line

git log --pretty=format:"%h Exactly how you want the output using placeholders ( use git help log )

Date Ranges Git log --until

##Removal git rm <filename> Removes file completely

git rm --cached <file names> Won't be deleted from your file system just keeps the local changes still

##Help git help git help <command>