docs(js): Create Vue Quick Start guide

[inventarSarah]

DESCRIBE YOUR PR

This PR contains the updated Vue Quick Start guide.
I added code snippets for Pluvia and late-defined Vue apps. We could put them in Expandables if it makes sense to you, but I don't think this is necessary since these sections are relatively short anyway.

Closes: #14160

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PRE-MERGE CHECKLIST

Make sure you've checked the following before merging your changes:

• Checked Vercel preview for correctness, including links
• PR was reviewed and approved by any necessary SMEs (subject matter experts)
• PR was reviewed and approved by a member of the Sentry docs team

EXTRA RESOURCES

• Sentry Docs contributor guide

[vercel]

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Name	Status	Preview	Comments	Updated (UTC)
sentry-docs	❌ Failed (Inspect)			Jun 27, 2025 5:31pm

1 Skipped Deployment

Name	Status	Preview	Comments	Updated (UTC)
develop-docs	⬜️ Ignored (Inspect)	Visit Preview		Jun 27, 2025 5:31pm

[codecov]

Bundle Report

Changes will increase total bundle size by 591.47kB (2.8%) ⬆️. This is within the configured threshold ✅

Detailed changes

Bundle name	Size	Change
sentry-docs-server-cjs	11.52MB	591.47kB (5.41%) ⬆️
sentry-docs-client-array-push	9.8MB	-6 bytes (-0.0%) ⬇️

Affected Assets, Files, and Routes:

view changes for bundle: sentry-docs-client-array-push

Assets Changed:

Asset Name	Size Change	Total Size	Change (%)
static/chunks/pages/_app-*.js	-3 bytes	873.24kB	-0.0%
static/chunks/7750-*.js	-3 bytes	415.85kB	-0.0%
static/jM-*.js (New)	684 bytes	684 bytes	100.0% 🚀
static/jM-*.js (New)	77 bytes	77 bytes	100.0% 🚀
static/3scQsY56Wg0Hud3y4edxX/_buildManifest.js (Deleted)	-684 bytes	0 bytes	-100.0% 🗑️
static/3scQsY56Wg0Hud3y4edxX/_ssgManifest.js (Deleted)	-77 bytes	0 bytes	-100.0% 🗑️

view changes for bundle: sentry-docs-server-cjs

Assets Changed:

Asset Name	Size Change	Total Size	Change (%)
1729.js	-3 bytes	1.64MB	-0.0%
../instrumentation.js	-3 bytes	973.36kB	-0.0%
9523.js	-3 bytes	949.31kB	-0.0%
../app/[[...path]]/page.js.nft.json	197.16kB	600.24kB	48.91% ⚠️
../app/platform-redirect/page.js.nft.json	197.16kB	600.15kB	48.92% ⚠️
../app/sitemap.xml/route.js.nft.json	197.16kB	598.12kB	49.17% ⚠️

[coolguyzone]

🛳️💨