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更新第四章部分内容“异步任务执行”，新建一个 Qt 的 demo，上传部分图片
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‎.gitignore

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.vuepress/.temp/
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.vuepress/dist/
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.vscode/
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.vscode/
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.vs/
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x64/

‎.vuepress/public/image/进度条.png

21.7 KB
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‎code/04同步操作/async_progress_bar/async_progress_bar.cpp

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#include "async_progress_bar.h"
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async_progress_bar::async_progress_bar(QWidget *parent)
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: QMainWindow{ parent }, progress_bar{ new QProgressBar(this) },
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button{ new QPushButton("start",this) },button2{ new QPushButton("测试",this) } {
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ui.setupUi(this);
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progress_bar->setStyleSheet(progress_bar_style);
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progress_bar->setRange(0, 1000);
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button->setMinimumSize(100, 50);
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button->setMaximumWidth(100);
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button->setStyleSheet(button_style);
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button->setSizePolicy(QSizePolicy::Minimum, QSizePolicy::Fixed);
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button2->setMinimumSize(100, 50);
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button2->setMaximumWidth(100);
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button2->setStyleSheet(button_style);
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button2->setSizePolicy(QSizePolicy::Minimum, QSizePolicy::Fixed);
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QVBoxLayout* layout = new QVBoxLayout;
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layout->addWidget(progress_bar);
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layout->addWidget(button, 0, Qt::AlignHCenter);
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layout->addWidget(button2, 0, Qt::AlignHCenter);
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// 设置窗口布局为垂直布局管理器
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centralWidget()->setLayout(layout);
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connect(button, &QPushButton::clicked, this, &async_progress_bar::task);
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connect(button2, &QPushButton::clicked, []{
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QMessageBox::information(nullptr, "测试", "没有卡界面！");
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});
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}
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async_progress_bar::~async_progress_bar()
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{}

‎code/04同步操作/async_progress_bar/async_progress_bar.h

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#pragma once
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#include <QtWidgets/QMainWindow>
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#include <QProgressBar>
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#include <QVBoxLayout>
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#include <QPushButton>
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#include <QMessageBox>
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#include <thread>
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#include <future>
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#include <chrono>
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#include <format>
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#include "ui_async_progress_bar.h"
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using namespace std::chrono_literals;
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class async_progress_bar : public QMainWindow{
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Q_OBJECT
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public:
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async_progress_bar(QWidget *parent = nullptr);
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~async_progress_bar();
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void task(){
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future = std::async(std::launch::async, [=] {
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QMetaObject::invokeMethod(this, [this] {
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// 这里显示的线程 ID 就是主线程，代表这些任务就是在主线程，即 UI 线程执行
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QMessageBox::information(nullptr, "线程ID", std::to_string(_Thrd_id()).c_str());
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button->setEnabled(false);
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progress_bar->setRange(0, 1000);
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button->setText("正在执行...");
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});
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for (int i = 0; i <= 1000; ++i) {
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std::this_thread::sleep_for(10ms);
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QMetaObject::invokeMethod(this, [this, i] {
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progress_bar->setValue(i);
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});
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}
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QMetaObject::invokeMethod(this, [this] {
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button->setText("start");
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button->setEnabled(true);
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});
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// 不在 invokeMethod 中获取线程 ID，这里显示的是子线程的ID
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auto s = std::to_string(_Thrd_id());
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QMetaObject::invokeMethod(this, [=] {
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QMessageBox::information(nullptr, "线程ID", s.c_str());
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});
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});
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}
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private:
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QString progress_bar_style =
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"QProgressBar {"
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" border: 2px solid grey;"
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" border-radius: 5px;"
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" background-color: lightgrey;"
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" text-align: center;" // 文本居中
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" color: #000000;" // 文本颜色
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"}"
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"QProgressBar::chunk {"
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" background-color: #7FFF00;"
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" width: 10px;" // 设置每个进度块的宽度
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" font: bold 14px;" // 设置进度条文本字体
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"}";
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QString button_style =
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"QPushButton {"
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" text-align: center;" // 文本居中
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"}";
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QProgressBar* progress_bar{};
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QPushButton* button{};
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QPushButton* button2{};
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Ui::async_progress_barClass ui{};
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std::future<void>future;
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};

‎code/04同步操作/async_progress_bar/async_progress_bar.qrc

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<RCC>
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<qresource prefix="async_progress_bar">
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</qresource>
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</RCC>

‎code/04同步操作/async_progress_bar/async_progress_bar.sln

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Microsoft Visual Studio Solution File, Format Version 12.00
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# Visual Studio Version 17
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VisualStudioVersion = 17.8.34511.84
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MinimumVisualStudioVersion = 10.0.40219.1
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Project("{8BC9CEB8-8B4A-11D0-8D11-00A0C91BC942}") = "async_progress_bar", "async_progress_bar.vcxproj", "{F3C92FE7-F905-4FDC-B5C2-333C2565A334}"
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EndProject
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Global
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GlobalSection(SolutionConfigurationPlatforms) = preSolution
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Debug|x64 = Debug|x64
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Release|x64 = Release|x64
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EndGlobalSection
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GlobalSection(ProjectConfigurationPlatforms) = postSolution
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{F3C92FE7-F905-4FDC-B5C2-333C2565A334}.Debug|x64.ActiveCfg = Debug|x64
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{F3C92FE7-F905-4FDC-B5C2-333C2565A334}.Debug|x64.Build.0 = Debug|x64
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{F3C92FE7-F905-4FDC-B5C2-333C2565A334}.Release|x64.ActiveCfg = Release|x64
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{F3C92FE7-F905-4FDC-B5C2-333C2565A334}.Release|x64.Build.0 = Release|x64
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EndGlobalSection
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GlobalSection(SolutionProperties) = preSolution
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HideSolutionNode = FALSE
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EndGlobalSection
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GlobalSection(ExtensibilityGlobals) = postSolution
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SolutionGuid = {D07A0862-17A7-42C6-83E8-871DAA78A6EE}
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EndGlobalSection
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EndGlobal

‎code/04同步操作/async_progress_bar/async_progress_bar.ui

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<UI version="4.0" >
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<class>async_progress_barClass</class>
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<widget class="QMainWindow" name="async_progress_barClass" >
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<property name="objectName" >
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<string notr="true">async_progress_barClass</string>
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</property>
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<property name="geometry" >
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<rect>
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<x>0</x>
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<y>0</y>
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<width>600</width>
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<height>400</height>
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</rect>
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</property>
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<property name="windowTitle" >
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<string>async_progress_bar</string>
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</property> <widget class="QMenuBar" name="menuBar" />
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<widget class="QToolBar" name="mainToolBar" />
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<widget class="QWidget" name="centralWidget" />
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<widget class="QStatusBar" name="statusBar" />
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</widget>
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<layoutDefault spacing="6" margin="11" />
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<pixmapfunction></pixmapfunction>
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<resources>
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<include location="async_progress_bar.qrc"/>
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</resources>
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<connections/>
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</UI>

‎code/04同步操作/async_progress_bar/async_progress_bar.vcxproj

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<Configuration>Release</Configuration>
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</ProjectConfiguration>
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<PropertyGroup Label="Globals">
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<ProjectGuid>{F3C92FE7-F905-4FDC-B5C2-333C2565A334}</ProjectGuid>
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‎code/04同步操作/async_progress_bar/async_progress_bar.vcxproj.filters

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‎code/04同步操作/async_progress_bar/async_progress_bar.vcxproj.user

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‎code/04同步操作/async_progress_bar/main.cpp

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#include "async_progress_bar.h"
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#include <QtWidgets/QApplication>
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int main(int argc, char *argv[]){
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QApplication a(argc, argv);
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auto s = std::to_string(_Thrd_id());
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QMessageBox::information(nullptr, "主线程ID", s.c_str());
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async_progress_bar w;
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w.show();
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return a.exec();
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}

‎image/第四章/进度条.png

21.7 KB
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