mysqldump.1

'\" t
.\"     Title: mysqldump
.\"    Author: [FIXME: author] [see http://docbook.sf.net/el/author]
.\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/>
.\"      Date: 10/11/2024
.\"    Manual: MySQL Database System
.\"    Source: MySQL 9.0
.\"  Language: English
.\"
.TH "MYSQLDUMP" "1" "10/11/2024" "MySQL 9\&.0" "MySQL Database System"
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.\" * MAIN CONTENT STARTS HERE *
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.SH "NAME"
mysqldump \- a database backup program
.SH "SYNOPSIS"
.HP \w'\fBmysqldump\ [\fR\fB\fIoptions\fR\fR\fB]\ [\fR\fB\fIdb_name\fR\fR\fB\ [\fR\fB\fItbl_name\fR\fR\fB\ \&.\&.\&.]]\fR\ 'u
\fBmysqldump [\fR\fB\fIoptions\fR\fR\fB] [\fR\fB\fIdb_name\fR\fR\fB [\fR\fB\fItbl_name\fR\fR\fB \&.\&.\&.]]\fR
.SH "DESCRIPTION"
.PP
The
\fBmysqldump\fR
client utility performs
logical backups, producing a set of SQL statements that can be executed to reproduce the original database object definitions and table data\&. It dumps one or more MySQL databases for backup or transfer to another SQL server\&. The
\fBmysqldump\fR
command can also generate output in CSV, other delimited text, or XML format\&.
.if n \{\
.sp
.\}
.RS 4
.it 1 an-trap
.nr an-no-space-flag 1
.nr an-break-flag 1
.br
.ps +1
\fBTip\fR
.ps -1
.br
.PP
Consider using the
\m[blue]\fBMySQL Shell dump utilities\fR\m[]\&\s-2\u[1]\d\s+2, which provide parallel dumping with multiple threads, file compression, and progress information display, as well as cloud features such as Oracle Cloud Infrastructure Object Storage streaming, and MySQL HeatWave Service compatibility checks and modifications\&. Dumps can be easily imported into a MySQL Server instance or a MySQL HeatWave Service DB System using the
\m[blue]\fBMySQL Shell load dump utilities\fR\m[]\&\s-2\u[2]\d\s+2\&. Installation instructions for MySQL Shell can be found
\m[blue]\fBhere\fR\m[]\&\s-2\u[3]\d\s+2\&.
.sp .5v
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
Performance and Scalability Considerations
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
Invocation Syntax
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
Option Syntax - Alphabetical Summary
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
Connection Options
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
Option-File Options
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
DDL Options
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
Debug Options
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
Help Options
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
Internationalization Options
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
Replication Options
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
Format Options
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
Filtering Options
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
Performance Options
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
Transactional Options
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
Option Groups
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
Examples
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
Restrictions
.RE
.PP
\fBmysqldump\fR
requires at least the
SELECT
privilege for dumped tables,
SHOW VIEW
for dumped views,
TRIGGER
for dumped triggers,
LOCK TABLES
if the
\fB\-\-single\-transaction\fR
option is not used,
PROCESS
if the
\-\-no\-tablespaces
option is not used, and the
RELOAD
or
FLUSH_TABLES
privilege with
\fB\-\-single\-transaction\fR
if both
gtid_mode=ON
and
gtid_purged=ON|AUTO\&. Certain options might require other privileges as noted in the option descriptions\&.
.PP
To reload a dump file, you must have the privileges required to execute the statements that it contains, such as the appropriate
CREATE
privileges for objects created by those statements\&.
.PP
\fBmysqldump\fR
output can include
ALTER DATABASE
statements that change the database collation\&. These may be used when dumping stored programs to preserve their character encodings\&. To reload a dump file containing such statements, the
ALTER
privilege for the affected database is required\&.
.if n \{\
.sp
.\}
.RS 4
.it 1 an-trap
.nr an-no-space-flag 1
.nr an-break-flag 1
.br
.ps +1
\fBNote\fR
.ps -1
.br
.PP
A dump made using PowerShell on Windows with output redirection creates a file that has UTF\-16 encoding:
.sp
.if n \{\
.RS 4
.\}
.nf
mysqldump [options] > dump\&.sql
.fi
.if n \{\
.RE
.\}
.PP
However, UTF\-16 is not permitted as a connection character set (see
the section called \(lqImpermissible Client Character Sets\(rq), so the dump file cannot be loaded correctly\&. To work around this issue, use the
\fB\-\-result\-file\fR
option, which creates the output in ASCII format:
.sp
.if n \{\
.RS 4
.\}
.nf
mysqldump [options] \-\-result\-file=dump\&.sql
.fi
.if n \{\
.RE
.\}
.sp .5v
.RE
.PP
It is not recommended to load a dump file when GTIDs are enabled on the server (gtid_mode=ON), if your dump file includes system tables\&.
\fBmysqldump\fR
issues DML instructions for the system tables which use the non\-transactional MyISAM storage engine, and this combination is not permitted when GTIDs are enabled\&.
Performance and Scalability Considerations
.PP
mysqldump
advantages include the convenience and flexibility of viewing or even editing the output before restoring\&. You can clone databases for development and DBA work, or produce slight variations of an existing database for testing\&. It is not intended as a fast or scalable solution for backing up substantial amounts of data\&. With large data sizes, even if the backup step takes a reasonable time, restoring the data can be very slow because replaying the SQL statements involves disk I/O for insertion, index creation, and so on\&.
.PP
For large\-scale backup and restore, a
physical
backup is more appropriate, to copy the data files in their original format so that they can be restored quickly\&.
.PP
If your tables are primarily
InnoDB
tables, or if you have a mix of
InnoDB
and
MyISAM
tables, consider using
\fBmysqlbackup\fR, which is available as part of MySQL Enterprise\&. This tool provides high performance for
InnoDB
backups with minimal disruption; it can also back up tables from
MyISAM
and other storage engines; it also provides a number of convenient options to accommodate different backup scenarios\&. See
Section\ \&32.1, \(lqMySQL Enterprise Backup Overview\(rq\&.
.PP
\fBmysqldump\fR
can retrieve and dump table contents row by row, or it can retrieve the entire content from a table and buffer it in memory before dumping it\&. Buffering in memory can be a problem if you are dumping large tables\&. To dump tables row by row, use the
\fB\-\-quick\fR
option (or
\fB\-\-opt\fR, which enables
\fB\-\-quick\fR)\&. The
\fB\-\-opt\fR
option (and hence
\fB\-\-quick\fR) is enabled by default, so to enable memory buffering, use
\fB\-\-skip\-quick\fR\&.
.PP
If you are using a recent version of
\fBmysqldump\fR
to generate a dump to be reloaded into a very old MySQL server, use the
\fB\-\-skip\-opt\fR
option instead of the
\fB\-\-opt\fR
or
\fB\-\-extended\-insert\fR
option\&.
.PP
For additional information about
\fBmysqldump\fR, see
Section\ \&9.4, \(lqUsing mysqldump for Backups\(rq\&.
Invocation Syntax
.PP
There are in general three ways to use
\fBmysqldump\fR\(emin order to dump a set of one or more tables, a set of one or more complete databases, or an entire MySQL server\(emas shown here:
.sp
.if n \{\
.RS 4
.\}
.nf
mysqldump [\fIoptions\fR] \fIdb_name\fR [\fItbl_name\fR \&.\&.\&.]
mysqldump [\fIoptions\fR] \-\-databases \fIdb_name\fR \&.\&.\&.
mysqldump [\fIoptions\fR] \-\-all\-databases
.fi
.if n \{\
.RE
.\}
.PP
To dump entire databases, do not name any tables following
\fIdb_name\fR, or use the
\fB\-\-databases\fR
or
\fB\-\-all\-databases\fR
option\&.
.PP
To see a list of the options your version of
\fBmysqldump\fR
supports, issue the command
\fBmysqldump\fR
\fB\-\-help\fR\&.
Option Syntax \- Alphabetical Summary
.PP
\fBmysqldump\fR
supports the following options, which can be specified on the command line or in the
[mysqldump]
and
[client]
groups of an option file\&. For information about option files used by MySQL programs, see
Section\ \&6.2.2.2, \(lqUsing Option Files\(rq\&.
Connection Options
.PP
The
\fBmysqldump\fR
command logs into a MySQL server to extract information\&. The following options specify how to connect to the MySQL server, either on the same machine or a remote system\&.
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-bind\-address=\fR\fB\fIip_address\fR\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--bind-address=ip_address
T}
.TE
.sp 1
On a computer having multiple network interfaces, use this option to select which interface to use for connecting to the MySQL server\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-compress\fR,
\fB\-C\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l
lB l
lB l
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--compress[={OFF|ON}]
T}
T{
Deprecated
T}:T{
Yes
T}
T{
Type
T}:T{
Boolean
T}
T{
Default Value
T}:T{
OFF
T}
.TE
.sp 1
Compress all information sent between the client and the server if possible\&. See
Section\ \&6.2.8, \(lqConnection Compression Control\(rq\&.
.sp
This option is deprecated\&. Expect it to be removed in a future version of MySQL\&. See
the section called \(lqConfiguring Legacy Connection Compression\(rq\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-compression\-algorithms=\fR\fB\fIvalue\fR\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l
lB l
lB l
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--compression-algorithms=value
T}
T{
Type
T}:T{
Set
T}
T{
Default Value
T}:T{
uncompressed
T}
T{
Valid Values
T}:T{
.PP
zlib
.PP
zstd
.PP
uncompressed
T}
.TE
.sp 1
The permitted compression algorithms for connections to the server\&. The available algorithms are the same as for the
protocol_compression_algorithms
system variable\&. The default value is
uncompressed\&.
.sp
For more information, see
Section\ \&6.2.8, \(lqConnection Compression Control\(rq\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-default\-auth=\fR\fB\fIplugin\fR\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--default-auth=plugin
T}
T{
Type
T}:T{
String
T}
.TE
.sp 1
A hint about which client\-side authentication plugin to use\&. See
Section\ \&8.2.17, \(lqPluggable Authentication\(rq\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-enable\-cleartext\-plugin\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l
lB l
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--enable-cleartext-plugin
T}
T{
Type
T}:T{
Boolean
T}
T{
Default Value
T}:T{
FALSE
T}
.TE
.sp 1
Enable the
mysql_clear_password
cleartext authentication plugin\&. (See
Section\ \&8.4.1.3, \(lqClient-Side Cleartext Pluggable Authentication\(rq\&.)
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-get\-server\-public\-key\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--get-server-public-key
T}
T{
Type
T}:T{
Boolean
T}
.TE
.sp 1
Request from the server the public key required for RSA key pair\-based password exchange\&. This option applies to clients that authenticate with the
caching_sha2_password
authentication plugin\&. For that plugin, the server does not send the public key unless requested\&. This option is ignored for accounts that do not authenticate with that plugin\&. It is also ignored if RSA\-based password exchange is not used, as is the case when the client connects to the server using a secure connection\&.
.sp
If
\fB\-\-server\-public\-key\-path=\fR\fB\fIfile_name\fR\fR
is given and specifies a valid public key file, it takes precedence over
\fB\-\-get\-server\-public\-key\fR\&.
.sp
For information about the
caching_sha2_password
plugin, see
Section\ \&8.4.1.1, \(lqCaching SHA-2 Pluggable Authentication\(rq\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-host=\fR\fB\fIhost_name\fR\fR,
\fB\-h \fR\fB\fIhost_name\fR\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--host
T}
.TE
.sp 1
Dump data from the MySQL server on the given host\&. The default host is
localhost\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-login\-path=\fR\fB\fIname\fR\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--login-path=name
T}
T{
Type
T}:T{
String
T}
.TE
.sp 1
Read options from the named login path in the
\&.mylogin\&.cnf
login path file\&. A
\(lqlogin path\(rq
is an option group containing options that specify which MySQL server to connect to and which account to authenticate as\&. To create or modify a login path file, use the
\fBmysql_config_editor\fR
utility\&. See
mysql_config_editor(1)\&.
.sp
For additional information about this and other option\-file options, see
Section\ \&6.2.2.3, \(lqCommand-Line Options that Affect Option-File Handling\(rq\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-no\-login\-paths\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--no-login-paths
T}
.TE
.sp 1
Skips reading options from the login path file\&.
.sp
See
\fB\-\-login\-path\fR
for related information\&.
.sp
For additional information about this and other option\-file options, see
Section\ \&6.2.2.3, \(lqCommand-Line Options that Affect Option-File Handling\(rq\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-password[=\fR\fB\fIpassword\fR\fR\fB]\fR,
\fB\-p[\fR\fB\fIpassword\fR\fR\fB]\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--password[=password]
T}
T{
Type
T}:T{
String
T}
.TE
.sp 1
The password of the MySQL account used for connecting to the server\&. The password value is optional\&. If not given,
\fBmysqldump\fR
prompts for one\&. If given, there must be
\fIno space\fR
between
\fB\-\-password=\fR
or
\fB\-p\fR
and the password following it\&. If no password option is specified, the default is to send no password\&.
.sp
Specifying a password on the command line should be considered insecure\&. To avoid giving the password on the command line, use an option file\&. See
Section\ \&8.1.2.1, \(lqEnd-User Guidelines for Password Security\(rq\&.
.sp
To explicitly specify that there is no password and that
\fBmysqldump\fR
should not prompt for one, use the
\fB\-\-skip\-password\fR
option\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-password1[=\fR\fB\fIpass_val\fR\fR\fB]\fR
The password for multifactor authentication factor 1 of the MySQL account used for connecting to the server\&. The password value is optional\&. If not given,
\fBmysqldump\fR
prompts for one\&. If given, there must be
\fIno space\fR
between
\fB\-\-password1=\fR
and the password following it\&. If no password option is specified, the default is to send no password\&.
.sp
Specifying a password on the command line should be considered insecure\&. To avoid giving the password on the command line, use an option file\&. See
Section\ \&8.1.2.1, \(lqEnd-User Guidelines for Password Security\(rq\&.
.sp
To explicitly specify that there is no password and that
\fBmysqldump\fR
should not prompt for one, use the
\fB\-\-skip\-password1\fR
option\&.
.sp
\fB\-\-password1\fR
and
\fB\-\-password\fR
are synonymous, as are
\fB\-\-skip\-password1\fR
and
\fB\-\-skip\-password\fR\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-password2[=\fR\fB\fIpass_val\fR\fR\fB]\fR
The password for multifactor authentication factor 2 of the MySQL account used for connecting to the server\&. The semantics of this option are similar to the semantics for
\fB\-\-password1\fR; see the description of that option for details\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-password3[=\fR\fB\fIpass_val\fR\fR\fB]\fR
The password for multifactor authentication factor 3 of the MySQL account used for connecting to the server\&. The semantics of this option are similar to the semantics for
\fB\-\-password1\fR; see the description of that option for details\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-pipe\fR,
\fB\-W\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--pipe
T}
T{
Type
T}:T{
String
T}
.TE
.sp 1
On Windows, connect to the server using a named pipe\&. This option applies only if the server was started with the
named_pipe
system variable enabled to support named\-pipe connections\&. In addition, the user making the connection must be a member of the Windows group specified by the
named_pipe_full_access_group
system variable\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-plugin\-authentication\-kerberos\-client\-mode=\fR\fB\fIvalue\fR\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l
lB l
lB l
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--plugin-authentication-kerberos-client-mode
T}
T{
Type
T}:T{
String
T}
T{
Default Value
T}:T{
SSPI
T}
T{
Valid Values
T}:T{
GSSAPI
T}
.TE
.sp 1
On Windows, the
authentication_kerberos_client
authentication plugin supports this plugin option\&. It provides two possible values that the client user can set at runtime:
SSPI
and
GSSAPI\&.
.sp
The default value for the client\-side plugin option uses Security Support Provider Interface (SSPI), which is capable of acquiring credentials from the Windows in\-memory cache\&. Alternatively, the client user can select a mode that supports Generic Security Service Application Program Interface (GSSAPI) through the MIT Kerberos library on Windows\&. GSSAPI is capable of acquiring cached credentials previously generated by using the
\fBkinit\fR
command\&.
.sp
For more information, see
Commands for Windows Clients in GSSAPI Mode\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-plugin\-dir=\fR\fB\fIdir_name\fR\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--plugin-dir=dir_name
T}
T{
Type
T}:T{
Directory name
T}
.TE
.sp 1
The directory in which to look for plugins\&. Specify this option if the
\fB\-\-default\-auth\fR
option is used to specify an authentication plugin but
\fBmysqldump\fR
does not find it\&. See
Section\ \&8.2.17, \(lqPluggable Authentication\(rq\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-port=\fR\fB\fIport_num\fR\fR,
\fB\-P \fR\fB\fIport_num\fR\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l
lB l
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--port=port_num
T}
T{
Type
T}:T{
Numeric
T}
T{
Default Value
T}:T{
3306
T}
.TE
.sp 1
For TCP/IP connections, the port number to use\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-protocol={TCP|SOCKET|PIPE|MEMORY}\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l
lB l
lB l
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--protocol=type
T}
T{
Type
T}:T{
String
T}
T{
Default Value
T}:T{
[see text]
T}
T{
Valid Values
T}:T{
.PP
TCP
.PP
SOCKET
.PP
PIPE
.PP
MEMORY
T}
.TE
.sp 1
The transport protocol to use for connecting to the server\&. It is useful when the other connection parameters normally result in use of a protocol other than the one you want\&. For details on the permissible values, see
Section\ \&6.2.7, \(lqConnection Transport Protocols\(rq\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-server\-public\-key\-path=\fR\fB\fIfile_name\fR\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--server-public-key-path=file_name
T}
T{
Type
T}:T{
File name
T}
.TE
.sp 1
The path name to a file in PEM format containing a client\-side copy of the public key required by the server for RSA key pair\-based password exchange\&. This option applies to clients that authenticate with the
sha256_password
or
caching_sha2_password
authentication plugin\&. This option is ignored for accounts that do not authenticate with one of those plugins\&. It is also ignored if RSA\-based password exchange is not used, as is the case when the client connects to the server using a secure connection\&.
.sp
If
\fB\-\-server\-public\-key\-path=\fR\fB\fIfile_name\fR\fR
is given and specifies a valid public key file, it takes precedence over
\fB\-\-get\-server\-public\-key\fR\&.
.sp
For
sha256_password, this option applies only if MySQL was built using OpenSSL\&.
.sp
For information about the
sha256_password
and
caching_sha2_password
plugins, see
Section\ \&8.4.1.2, \(lqSHA-256 Pluggable Authentication\(rq, and
Section\ \&8.4.1.1, \(lqCaching SHA-2 Pluggable Authentication\(rq\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-socket=\fR\fB\fIpath\fR\fR,
\fB\-S \fR\fB\fIpath\fR\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--socket={file_name|pipe_name}
T}
T{
Type
T}:T{
String
T}
.TE
.sp 1
For connections to
localhost, the Unix socket file to use, or, on Windows, the name of the named pipe to use\&.
.sp
On Windows, this option applies only if the server was started with the
named_pipe
system variable enabled to support named\-pipe connections\&. In addition, the user making the connection must be a member of the Windows group specified by the
named_pipe_full_access_group
system variable\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-ssl*\fR
Options that begin with
\fB\-\-ssl\fR
specify whether to connect to the server using encryption and indicate where to find SSL keys and certificates\&. See
the section called \(lqCommand Options for Encrypted Connections\(rq\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-ssl\-fips\-mode={OFF|ON|STRICT}\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l
lB l
lB l
lB l
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--ssl-fips-mode={OFF|ON|STRICT}
T}
T{
Deprecated
T}:T{
Yes
T}
T{
Type
T}:T{
Enumeration
T}
T{
Default Value
T}:T{
OFF
T}
T{
Valid Values
T}:T{
.PP
OFF
.PP
ON
.PP
STRICT
T}
.TE
.sp 1
Controls whether to enable FIPS mode on the client side\&. The
\fB\-\-ssl\-fips\-mode\fR
option differs from other
\fB\-\-ssl\-\fR\fB\fIxxx\fR\fR
options in that it is not used to establish encrypted connections, but rather to affect which cryptographic operations to permit\&. See
Section\ \&8.8, \(lqFIPS Support\(rq\&.
.sp
These
\fB\-\-ssl\-fips\-mode\fR
values are permitted:
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
OFF: Disable FIPS mode\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
ON: Enable FIPS mode\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
STRICT: Enable
\(lqstrict\(rq
FIPS mode\&.
.RE
.sp
.if n \{\
.sp
.\}
.RS 4
.it 1 an-trap
.nr an-no-space-flag 1
.nr an-break-flag 1
.br
.ps +1
\fBNote\fR
.ps -1
.br
If the OpenSSL FIPS Object Module is not available, the only permitted value for
\fB\-\-ssl\-fips\-mode\fR
is
OFF\&. In this case, setting
\fB\-\-ssl\-fips\-mode\fR
to
ON
or
STRICT
causes the client to produce a warning at startup and to operate in non\-FIPS mode\&.
.sp .5v
.RE
This option is deprecated\&. Expect it to be removed in a future version of MySQL\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-tls\-ciphersuites=\fR\fB\fIciphersuite_list\fR\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--tls-ciphersuites=ciphersuite_list
T}
T{
Type
T}:T{
String
T}
.TE
.sp 1
The permissible ciphersuites for encrypted connections that use TLSv1\&.3\&. The value is a list of one or more colon\-separated ciphersuite names\&. The ciphersuites that can be named for this option depend on the SSL library used to compile MySQL\&. For details, see
Section\ \&8.3.2, \(lqEncrypted Connection TLS Protocols and Ciphers\(rq\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-tls\-sni\-servername=\fR\fB\fIserver_name\fR\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--tls-sni-servername=server_name
T}
T{
Type
T}:T{
String
T}
.TE
.sp 1
When specified, the name is passed to the
libmysqlclient
C API library using the
MYSQL_OPT_TLS_SNI_SERVERNAME
option of
mysql_options()\&. The server name is not case\-sensitive\&. To show which server name the client specified for the current session, if any, check the
Tls_sni_server_name
status variable\&.
.sp
Server Name Indication (SNI) is an extension to the TLS protocol (OpenSSL must be compiled using TLS extensions for this option to function)\&. The MySQL implementation of SNI represents the client\-side only\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-tls\-version=\fR\fB\fIprotocol_list\fR\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l
lB l
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--tls-version=protocol_list
T}
T{
Type
T}:T{
String
T}
T{
Default Value
T}:T{
.PP
TLSv1,TLSv1.1,TLSv1.2,TLSv1.3
(OpenSSL 1.1.1 or higher)
.PP
TLSv1,TLSv1.1,TLSv1.2
(otherwise)
T}
.TE
.sp 1
The permissible TLS protocols for encrypted connections\&. The value is a list of one or more comma\-separated protocol names\&. The protocols that can be named for this option depend on the SSL library used to compile MySQL\&. For details, see
Section\ \&8.3.2, \(lqEncrypted Connection TLS Protocols and Ciphers\(rq\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-user=\fR\fB\fIuser_name\fR\fR,
\fB\-u \fR\fB\fIuser_name\fR\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--user=user_name
T}
T{
Type
T}:T{
String
T}
.TE
.sp 1
The user name of the MySQL account to use for connecting to the server\&.
.sp
If you are using the
Rewriter
plugin, you should grant this user the
SKIP_QUERY_REWRITE
privilege\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-zstd\-compression\-level=\fR\fB\fIlevel\fR\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--zstd-compression-level=#
T}
T{
Type
T}:T{
Integer
T}
.TE
.sp 1
The compression level to use for connections to the server that use the
zstd
compression algorithm\&. The permitted levels are from 1 to 22, with larger values indicating increasing levels of compression\&. The default
zstd
compression level is 3\&. The compression level setting has no effect on connections that do not use
zstd
compression\&.
.sp
For more information, see
Section\ \&6.2.8, \(lqConnection Compression Control\(rq\&.
.RE
Option\-File Options
.PP
These options are used to control which option files to read\&.
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-defaults\-extra\-file=\fR\fB\fIfile_name\fR\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--defaults-extra-file=file_name
T}
T{
Type
T}:T{
File name
T}
.TE
.sp 1
Read this option file after the global option file but (on Unix) before the user option file\&. If the file does not exist or is otherwise inaccessible, an error occurs\&. If
\fIfile_name\fR
is not an absolute path name, it is interpreted relative to the current directory\&.
.sp
For additional information about this and other option\-file options, see
Section\ \&6.2.2.3, \(lqCommand-Line Options that Affect Option-File Handling\(rq\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-defaults\-file=\fR\fB\fIfile_name\fR\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--defaults-file=file_name
T}
T{
Type
T}:T{
File name
T}
.TE
.sp 1
Use only the given option file\&. If the file does not exist or is otherwise inaccessible, an error occurs\&. If
\fIfile_name\fR
is not an absolute path name, it is interpreted relative to the current directory\&.
.sp
Exception: Even with
\fB\-\-defaults\-file\fR, client programs read
\&.mylogin\&.cnf\&.
.sp
For additional information about this and other option\-file options, see
Section\ \&6.2.2.3, \(lqCommand-Line Options that Affect Option-File Handling\(rq\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-defaults\-group\-suffix=\fR\fB\fIstr\fR\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--defaults-group-suffix=str
T}
T{
Type
T}:T{
String
T}
.TE
.sp 1
Read not only the usual option groups, but also groups with the usual names and a suffix of
\fIstr\fR\&. For example,
\fBmysqldump\fR
normally reads the
[client]
and
[mysqldump]
groups\&. If this option is given as
\fB\-\-defaults\-group\-suffix=_other\fR,
\fBmysqldump\fR
also reads the
[client_other]
and
[mysqldump_other]
groups\&.
.sp
For additional information about this and other option\-file options, see
Section\ \&6.2.2.3, \(lqCommand-Line Options that Affect Option-File Handling\(rq\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-no\-defaults\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--no-defaults
T}
.TE
.sp 1
Do not read any option files\&. If program startup fails due to reading unknown options from an option file,
\fB\-\-no\-defaults\fR
can be used to prevent them from being read\&.
.sp
The exception is that the
\&.mylogin\&.cnf
file is read in all cases, if it exists\&. This permits passwords to be specified in a safer way than on the command line even when
\fB\-\-no\-defaults\fR
is used\&. To create
\&.mylogin\&.cnf, use the
\fBmysql_config_editor\fR
utility\&. See
mysql_config_editor(1)\&.
.sp
For additional information about this and other option\-file options, see
Section\ \&6.2.2.3, \(lqCommand-Line Options that Affect Option-File Handling\(rq\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-print\-defaults\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--print-defaults
T}
.TE
.sp 1
Print the program name and all options that it gets from option files\&.
.sp
For additional information about this and other option\-file options, see
Section\ \&6.2.2.3, \(lqCommand-Line Options that Affect Option-File Handling\(rq\&.
.RE
DDL Options
.PP
Usage scenarios for
\fBmysqldump\fR
include setting up an entire new MySQL instance (including database tables), and replacing data inside an existing instance with existing databases and tables\&. The following options let you specify which things to tear down and set up when restoring a dump, by encoding various DDL statements within the dump file\&.
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-add\-drop\-database\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--add-drop-database
T}
.TE
.sp 1
Write a
DROP DATABASE
statement before each
CREATE DATABASE
statement\&. This option is typically used in conjunction with the
\fB\-\-all\-databases\fR
or
\fB\-\-databases\fR
option because no
CREATE DATABASE
statements are written unless one of those options is specified\&.
.if n \{\
.sp
.\}
.RS 4
.it 1 an-trap
.nr an-no-space-flag 1
.nr an-break-flag 1
.br
.ps +1
\fBNote\fR
.ps -1
.br
In MySQL 9\&.0, the
mysql
schema is considered a system schema that cannot be dropped by end users\&. If
\fB\-\-add\-drop\-database\fR
is used with
\fB\-\-all\-databases\fR
or with
\fB\-\-databases\fR
where the list of schemas to be dumped includes
mysql, the dump file contains a
DROP DATABASE `mysql`
statement that causes an error when the dump file is reloaded\&.
.sp
Instead, to use
\fB\-\-add\-drop\-database\fR, use
\fB\-\-databases\fR
with a list of schemas to be dumped, where the list does not include
mysql\&.
.sp .5v
.RE
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-add\-drop\-table\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--add-drop-table
T}
.TE
.sp 1
Write a
DROP TABLE
statement before each
CREATE TABLE
statement\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-add\-drop\-trigger\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--add-drop-trigger
T}
.TE
.sp 1
Write a
DROP TRIGGER
statement before each
CREATE TRIGGER
statement\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-all\-tablespaces\fR,
\fB\-Y\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--all-tablespaces
T}
.TE
.sp 1
Adds to a table dump all SQL statements needed to create any tablespaces used by an
NDB
table\&. This information is not otherwise included in the output from
\fBmysqldump\fR\&. This option is currently relevant only to NDB Cluster tables\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-no\-create\-db\fR,
\fB\-n\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--no-create-db
T}
.TE
.sp 1
Suppress the
CREATE DATABASE
statements that are otherwise included in the output if the
\fB\-\-databases\fR
or
\fB\-\-all\-databases\fR
option is given\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-no\-create\-info\fR,
\fB\-t\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--no-create-info
T}
.TE
.sp 1
Do not write
CREATE TABLE
statements that create each dumped table\&.
.if n \{\
.sp
.\}
.RS 4
.it 1 an-trap
.nr an-no-space-flag 1
.nr an-break-flag 1
.br
.ps +1
\fBNote\fR
.ps -1
.br
This option does
\fInot\fR
exclude statements creating log file groups or tablespaces from
\fBmysqldump\fR
output; however, you can use the
\fB\-\-no\-tablespaces\fR
option for this purpose\&.
.sp .5v
.RE
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-no\-tablespaces\fR,
\fB\-y\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--no-tablespaces
T}
.TE
.sp 1
This option suppresses all
CREATE LOGFILE GROUP
and
CREATE TABLESPACE
statements in the output of
\fBmysqldump\fR\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-replace\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--replace
T}
.TE
.sp 1
Write
REPLACE
statements rather than
INSERT
statements\&.
.RE
Debug Options
.PP
The following options print debugging information, encode debugging information in the dump file, or let the dump operation proceed regardless of potential problems\&.
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-allow\-keywords\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--allow-keywords
T}
.TE
.sp 1
Permit creation of column names that are keywords\&. This works by prefixing each column name with the table name\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-comments\fR,
\fB\-i\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--comments
T}
.TE
.sp 1
Write additional information in the dump file such as program version, server version, and host\&. This option is enabled by default\&. To suppress this additional information, use
\fB\-\-skip\-comments\fR\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-debug[=\fR\fB\fIdebug_options\fR\fR\fB]\fR,
\fB\-# [\fR\fB\fIdebug_options\fR\fR\fB]\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l
lB l
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--debug[=debug_options]
T}
T{
Type
T}:T{
String
T}
T{
Default Value
T}:T{
d:t:o,/tmp/mysqldump.trace
T}
.TE
.sp 1
Write a debugging log\&. A typical
\fIdebug_options\fR
string is
d:t:o,\fIfile_name\fR\&. The default value is
d:t:o,/tmp/mysqldump\&.trace\&.
.sp
This option is available only if MySQL was built using
\fBWITH_DEBUG\fR\&. MySQL release binaries provided by Oracle are
\fInot\fR
built using this option\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-debug\-check\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l
lB l
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--debug-check
T}
T{
Type
T}:T{
Boolean
T}
T{
Default Value
T}:T{
FALSE
T}
.TE
.sp 1
Print some debugging information when the program exits\&.
.sp
This option is available only if MySQL was built using
\fBWITH_DEBUG\fR\&. MySQL release binaries provided by Oracle are
\fInot\fR
built using this option\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-debug\-info\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l
lB l
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--debug-info
T}
T{
Type
T}:T{
Boolean
T}
T{
Default Value
T}:T{
FALSE
T}
.TE
.sp 1
Print debugging information and memory and CPU usage statistics when the program exits\&.
.sp
This option is available only if MySQL was built using
\fBWITH_DEBUG\fR\&. MySQL release binaries provided by Oracle are
\fInot\fR
built using this option\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-dump\-date\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l
lB l
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--dump-date
T}
T{
Type
T}:T{
Boolean
T}
T{
Default Value
T}:T{
TRUE
T}
.TE
.sp 1
If the
\fB\-\-comments\fR
option is given,
\fBmysqldump\fR
produces a comment at the end of the dump of the following form:
.sp
.if n \{\
.RS 4
.\}
.nf
\-\- Dump completed on \fIDATE\fR
.fi
.if n \{\
.RE
.\}
.sp
However, the date causes dump files taken at different times to appear to be different, even if the data are otherwise identical\&.
\fB\-\-dump\-date\fR
and
\fB\-\-skip\-dump\-date\fR
control whether the date is added to the comment\&. The default is
\fB\-\-dump\-date\fR
(include the date in the comment)\&.
\fB\-\-skip\-dump\-date\fR
suppresses date printing\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-force\fR,
\fB\-f\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--force
T}
.TE
.sp 1
Ignore all errors; continue even if an SQL error occurs during a table dump\&.
.sp
One use for this option is to cause
\fBmysqldump\fR
to continue executing even when it encounters a view that has become invalid because the definition refers to a table that has been dropped\&. Without
\fB\-\-force\fR,
\fBmysqldump\fR
exits with an error message\&. With
\fB\-\-force\fR,
\fBmysqldump\fR
prints the error message, but it also writes an SQL comment containing the view definition to the dump output and continues executing\&.
.sp
If the
\fB\-\-ignore\-error\fR
option is also given to ignore specific errors,
\fB\-\-force\fR
takes precedence\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-log\-error=\fR\fB\fIfile_name\fR\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--log-error=file_name
T}
T{
Type
T}:T{
File name
T}
.TE
.sp 1
Log warnings and errors by appending them to the named file\&. The default is to do no logging\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-skip\-comments\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--skip-comments
T}
.TE
.sp 1
See the description for the
\fB\-\-comments\fR
option\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-verbose\fR,
\fB\-v\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--verbose
T}
.TE
.sp 1
Verbose mode\&. Print more information about what the program does\&.
.RE
Help Options
.PP
The following options display information about the
\fBmysqldump\fR
command itself\&.
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-help\fR,
\fB\-?\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--help
T}
.TE
.sp 1
Display a help message and exit\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-version\fR,
\fB\-V\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--version
T}
.TE
.sp 1
Display version information and exit\&.
.RE
Internationalization Options
.PP
The following options change how the
\fBmysqldump\fR
command represents character data with national language settings\&.
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-character\-sets\-dir=\fR\fB\fIdir_name\fR\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--character-sets-dir=dir_name
T}
T{
Type
T}:T{
Directory name
T}
.TE
.sp 1
The directory where character sets are installed\&. See
Section\ \&12.15, \(lqCharacter Set Configuration\(rq\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-default\-character\-set=\fR\fB\fIcharset_name\fR\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l
lB l
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--default-character-set=charset_name
T}
T{
Type
T}:T{
String
T}
T{
Default Value
T}:T{
utf8
T}
.TE
.sp 1
Use
\fIcharset_name\fR
as the default character set\&. See
Section\ \&12.15, \(lqCharacter Set Configuration\(rq\&. If no character set is specified,
\fBmysqldump\fR
uses
utf8mb4\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-no\-set\-names\fR,
\fB\-N\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--no-set-names
T}
T{
Deprecated
T}:T{
Yes
T}
.TE
.sp 1
Turns off the
\fB\-\-set\-charset\fR
setting, the same as specifying
\fB\-\-skip\-set\-charset\fR\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-set\-charset\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--set-charset
T}
T{
Disabled by
T}:T{
skip-set-charset
T}
.TE
.sp 1
Write
SET NAMES \fIdefault_character_set\fR
to the output\&. This option is enabled by default\&. To suppress the
SET NAMES
statement, use
\fB\-\-skip\-set\-charset\fR\&.
.RE
Replication Options
.PP
The
\fBmysqldump\fR
command is frequently used to create an empty instance, or an instance including data, on a replica server in a replication configuration\&. The following options apply to dumping and restoring data on replication source servers and replicas\&.
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-apply\-replica\-statements\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l
lB l
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--apply-replica-statements
T}
T{
Type
T}:T{
Boolean
T}
T{
Default Value
T}:T{
FALSE
T}
.TE
.sp 1
For a replica dump produced with the
\fB\-\-dump\-replica\fR
option, this option adds a
STOP REPLICA
statement before the statement with the binary log coordinates, and a
START REPLICA
statement at the end of the output\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-apply\-slave\-statements\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l
lB l
lB l
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--apply-slave-statements
T}
T{
Deprecated
T}:T{
Yes
T}
T{
Type
T}:T{
Boolean
T}
T{
Default Value
T}:T{
FALSE
T}
.TE
.sp 1
This is a deprecated alias for
\fB\-\-apply\-replica\-statements\fR\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-delete\-source\-logs\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--delete-source-logs
T}
.TE
.sp 1
On a replication source server, delete the binary logs by sending a
PURGE BINARY LOGS
statement to the server after performing the dump operation\&. The options require the
RELOAD
privilege as well as privileges sufficient to execute that statement\&. This option automatically enables
\fB\-\-source\-data\fR\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-delete\-master\-logs\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--delete-master-logs
T}
T{
Deprecated
T}:T{
Yes
T}
.TE
.sp 1
This is a deprecated alias for
\fB\-\-delete\-source\-logs\fR\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-dump\-replica[=\fR\fB\fIvalue\fR\fR\fB]\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l
lB l
lB l
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--dump-replica[=value]
T}
T{
Type
T}:T{
Numeric
T}
T{
Default Value
T}:T{
1
T}
T{
Valid Values
T}:T{
.PP
1
.PP
2
T}
.TE
.sp 1
This option is similar to
\fB\-\-source\-data\fR, except that it is used to dump a replica server to produce a dump file that can be used to set up another server as a replica that has the same source as the dumped server\&. The option causes the dump output to include a
CHANGE REPLICATION SOURCE TO
statement that indicates the binary log coordinates (file name and position) of the dumped replica\*(Aqs source\&. The
CHANGE REPLICATION SOURCE TO
statement reads the values of
Relay_Master_Log_File
and
Exec_Master_Log_Pos
from the
SHOW REPLICA STATUS
output and uses them for
SOURCE_LOG_FILE
and
SOURCE_LOG_POS
respectively\&. These are the replication source server coordinates from which the replica starts replicating\&.
.if n \{\
.sp
.\}
.RS 4
.it 1 an-trap
.nr an-no-space-flag 1
.nr an-break-flag 1
.br
.ps +1
\fBNote\fR
.ps -1
.br
Inconsistencies in the sequence of transactions from the relay log which have been executed can cause the wrong position to be used\&. See
Section\ \&19.5.1.35, \(lqReplication and Transaction Inconsistencies\(rq
for more information\&.
.sp .5v
.RE
\fB\-\-dump\-replica\fR
causes the coordinates from the source to be used rather than those of the dumped server, as is done by the
\fB\-\-source\-data\fR
option\&. In addition, specifying this option overrides the
\fB\-\-source\-data\fR
option\&.
.if n \{\
.sp
.\}
.RS 4
.it 1 an-trap
.nr an-no-space-flag 1
.nr an-break-flag 1
.br
.ps +1
\fBWarning\fR
.ps -1
.br
\fB\-\-dump\-replica\fR
should not be used if the server where the dump is going to be applied uses
gtid_mode=ON
and
SOURCE_AUTO_POSITION=1\&.
.sp .5v
.RE
The option value is handled the same way as for
\fB\-\-source\-data\fR\&. Setting no value or 1 causes a
CHANGE REPLICATION SOURCE TO
statement to be written to the dump\&. Setting 2 causes the statement to be written but encased in SQL comments\&. It has the same effect as
\fB\-\-source\-data\fR
in terms of enabling or disabling other options and in how locking is handled\&.
.sp
\fB\-\-dump\-replica\fR
causes
\fBmysqldump\fR
to stop the replication SQL thread before the dump and restart it again after\&.
.sp
\fB\-\-dump\-replica\fR
sends a
SHOW REPLICA STATUS
statement to the server to obtain information, so they require privileges sufficient to execute that statement\&.
.sp
\fB\-\-apply\-replica\-statements\fR
and
\fB\-\-include\-source\-host\-port\fR
options can be used in conjunction with
\fB\-\-dump\-replica\fR\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-dump\-slave[=\fR\fB\fIvalue\fR\fR\fB]\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l
lB l
lB l
lB l
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--dump-slave[=value]
T}
T{
Deprecated
T}:T{
Yes
T}
T{
Type
T}:T{
Numeric
T}
T{
Default Value
T}:T{
1
T}
T{
Valid Values
T}:T{
.PP
1
.PP
2
T}
.TE
.sp 1
This is a deprecated alias for
\fB\-\-dump\-replica\fR\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-include\-source\-host\-port\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l
lB l
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--include-source-host-port
T}
T{
Type
T}:T{
Boolean
T}
T{
Default Value
T}:T{
FALSE
T}
.TE
.sp 1
Adds the
SOURCE_HOST
and
SOURCE_PORT
options for the host name and TCP/IP port number of the replica\*(Aqs source, to the
CHANGE REPLICATION SOURCE TO
statement in a replica dump produced with the
\fB\-\-dump\-replica\fR
option\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-include\-master\-host\-port\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l
lB l
lB l
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--include-master-host-port
T}
T{
Deprecated
T}:T{
Yes
T}
T{
Type
T}:T{
Boolean
T}
T{
Default Value
T}:T{
FALSE
T}
.TE
.sp 1
This is a deprecated alias for
\fB\-\-include\-source\-host\-port\fR\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-master\-data[=\fR\fB\fIvalue\fR\fR\fB]\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l
lB l
lB l
lB l
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--master-data[=value]
T}
T{
Deprecated
T}:T{
Yes
T}
T{
Type
T}:T{
Numeric
T}
T{
Default Value
T}:T{
1
T}
T{
Valid Values
T}:T{
.PP
1
.PP
2
T}
.TE
.sp 1
This is a deprecated alias for
\fB\-\-source\-data\fR\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-output\-as\-version=\fR\fB\fIvalue\fR\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l
lB l
lB l
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--output-as-version=value
T}
T{
Type
T}:T{
Enumeration
T}
T{
Default Value
T}:T{
SERVER
T}
T{
Valid Values
T}:T{
.PP
BEFORE_8_0_23
.PP
BEFORE_8_2_0
T}
.TE
.sp 1
Determines the level of terminology used for statements relating to replicas and events, making it possible to create dumps compatible with older versions of MySQL that do not accept the newer terminology\&. This option can take any one of the following values, with effects described as listed here:
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
SERVER: Reads the server version and uses the latest versions of statements compatible with that version\&. This is the default value\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
BEFORE_8_0_23: Replication SQL statements using deprecated terms such as
\(lqslave\(rq
and
\(lqmaster\(rq
are written to the output in place of those using
\(lqreplica\(rq
and
\(lqsource\(rq, as in MySQL versions prior to 8\&.0\&.23\&.
.sp
This option also duplicates the effects of
BEFORE_8_2_0
on the output of
SHOW CREATE EVENT\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
BEFORE_8_2_0: This option causes
SHOW CREATE EVENT
to reflect how the event would have been created in a MySQL server prior to version 8\&.2\&.0, displaying
DISABLE ON SLAVE
rather than
DISABLE ON REPLICA\&.
.RE
.sp
This option affects the output from
\fB\-\-events\fR,
\fB\-\-dump\-replica\fR,
\fB\-\-source\-data\fR,
\fB\-\-apply\-replica\-statements\fR, and
\fB\-\-include\-source\-host\-port\fR\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-source\-data[=\fR\fB\fIvalue\fR\fR\fB]\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l
lB l
lB l
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--source-data[=value]
T}
T{
Type
T}:T{
Numeric
T}
T{
Default Value
T}:T{
1
T}
T{
Valid Values
T}:T{
.PP
1
.PP
2
T}
.TE
.sp 1
Used to dump a replication source server to produce a dump file that can be used to set up another server as a replica of the source\&. The options cause the dump output to include a
CHANGE REPLICATION SOURCE TO
statement that indicates the binary log coordinates (file name and position) of the dumped server\&. These are the replication source server coordinates from which the replica should start replicating after you load the dump file into the replica\&.
.sp
If the option value is 2, the
CHANGE REPLICATION SOURCE TO
statement is written as an SQL comment, and thus is informative only; it has no effect when the dump file is reloaded\&. If the option value is 1, the statement is not written as a comment and takes effect when the dump file is reloaded\&. If no option value is specified, the default value is 1\&.
.sp
\fB\-\-source\-data\fR
sends a
SHOW BINARY LOG STATUS
statement to the server to obtain information, so they require privileges sufficient to execute that statement\&. This option also requires the
RELOAD
privilege and the binary log must be enabled\&.
.sp
\fB\-\-source\-data\fR
automatically turns off
\fB\-\-lock\-tables\fR\&. They also turn on
\fB\-\-lock\-all\-tables\fR, unless
\fB\-\-single\-transaction\fR
also is specified, in which case, a global read lock is acquired only for a short time at the beginning of the dump (see the description for
\fB\-\-single\-transaction\fR)\&. In all cases, any action on logs happens at the exact moment of the dump\&.
.sp
It is also possible to set up a replica by dumping an existing replica of the source, using the
\fB\-\-dump\-replica\fR
option, which overrides
\fB\-\-source\-data\fR
causing it to be ignored\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-set\-gtid\-purged=\fR\fB\fIvalue\fR\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l
lB l
lB l
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--set-gtid-purged=value
T}
T{
Type
T}:T{
Enumeration
T}
T{
Default Value
T}:T{
AUTO
T}
T{
Valid Values
T}:T{
.PP
OFF
.PP
ON
.PP
AUTO
T}
.TE
.sp 1
This option is for servers that use GTID\-based replication (gtid_mode=ON)\&. It controls the inclusion of a
SET @@GLOBAL\&.gtid_purged
statement in the dump output, which updates the value of
gtid_purged
on a server where the dump file is reloaded, to add the GTID set from the source server\*(Aqs
gtid_executed
system variable\&.
gtid_purged
holds the GTIDs of all transactions that have been applied on the server, but do not exist on any binary log file on the server\&.
\fBmysqldump\fR
therefore adds the GTIDs for the transactions that were executed on the source server, so that the target server records these transactions as applied, although it does not have them in its binary logs\&.
\fB\-\-set\-gtid\-purged\fR
also controls the inclusion of a
SET @@SESSION\&.sql_log_bin=0
statement, which disables binary logging while the dump file is being reloaded\&. This statement prevents new GTIDs from being generated and assigned to the transactions in the dump file as they are executed, so that the original GTIDs for the transactions are used\&.
.sp
If you do not set the
\fB\-\-set\-gtid\-purged\fR
option, the default is that a
SET @@GLOBAL\&.gtid_purged
statement is included in the dump output if GTIDs are enabled on the server you are backing up, and the set of GTIDs in the global value of the
gtid_executed
system variable is not empty\&. A
SET @@SESSION\&.sql_log_bin=0
statement is also included if GTIDs are enabled on the server\&.
.sp
You can either replace the value of
gtid_purged
with a specified GTID set, or add a plus sign (+) to the statement to append a specified GTID set to the GTID set that is already held by
gtid_purged\&. The
SET @@GLOBAL\&.gtid_purged
statement recorded by
\fBmysqldump\fR
includes a plus sign (+) in a version\-specific comment, such that MySQL adds the GTID set from the dump file to the existing
gtid_purged
value\&.
.sp
It is important to note that the value that is included by
\fBmysqldump\fR
for the
SET @@GLOBAL\&.gtid_purged
statement includes the GTIDs of all transactions in the
gtid_executed
set on the server, even those that changed suppressed parts of the database, or other databases on the server that were not included in a partial dump\&. This can mean that after the
gtid_purged
value has been updated on the server where the dump file is replayed, GTIDs are present that do not relate to any data on the target server\&. If you do not replay any further dump files on the target server, the extraneous GTIDs do not cause any problems with the future operation of the server, but they make it harder to compare or reconcile GTID sets on different servers in the replication topology\&. If you do replay a further dump file on the target server that contains the same GTIDs (for example, another partial dump from the same origin server), any
SET @@GLOBAL\&.gtid_purged
statement in the second dump file fails\&. In this case, either remove the statement manually before replaying the dump file, or output the dump file without the statement\&.
.sp
If the
SET @@GLOBAL\&.gtid_purged
statement would not have the desired result on your target server, you can exclude the statement from the output, or include it but comment it out so that it is not actioned automatically\&. You can also include the statement but manually edit it in the dump file to achieve the desired result\&.
.sp
The possible values for the
\fB\-\-set\-gtid\-purged\fR
option are as follows:
.PP
AUTO
.RS 4
The default value\&. If GTIDs are enabled on the server you are backing up and
gtid_executed
is not empty,
SET @@GLOBAL\&.gtid_purged
is added to the output, containing the GTID set from
gtid_executed\&. If GTIDs are enabled,
SET @@SESSION\&.sql_log_bin=0
is added to the output\&. If GTIDs are not enabled on the server, the statements are not added to the output\&.
.RE
.PP
OFF
.RS 4
SET @@GLOBAL\&.gtid_purged
is not added to the output, and
SET @@SESSION\&.sql_log_bin=0
is not added to the output\&. For a server where GTIDs are not in use, use this option or
AUTO\&. Only use this option for a server where GTIDs are in use if you are sure that the required GTID set is already present in
gtid_purged
on the target server and should not be changed, or if you plan to identify and add any missing GTIDs manually\&.
.RE
.PP
ON
.RS 4
If GTIDs are enabled on the server you are backing up,
SET @@GLOBAL\&.gtid_purged
is added to the output (unless
gtid_executed
is empty), and
SET @@SESSION\&.sql_log_bin=0
is added to the output\&. An error occurs if you set this option but GTIDs are not enabled on the server\&. For a server where GTIDs are in use, use this option or
AUTO, unless you are sure that the GTIDs in
gtid_executed
are not needed on the target server\&.
.RE
.PP
COMMENTED
.RS 4
If GTIDs are enabled on the server you are backing up,
SET @@GLOBAL\&.gtid_purged
is added to the output (unless
gtid_executed
is empty), but it is commented out\&. This means that the value of
gtid_executed
is available in the output, but no action is taken automatically when the dump file is reloaded\&.
SET @@SESSION\&.sql_log_bin=0
is added to the output, and it is not commented out\&. With
COMMENTED, you can control the use of the
gtid_executed
set manually or through automation\&. For example, you might prefer to do this if you are migrating data to another server that already has different active databases\&.
.RE
.RE
Format Options
.PP
The following options specify how to represent the entire dump file or certain kinds of data in the dump file\&. They also control whether certain optional information is written to the dump file\&.
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-compact\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--compact
T}
.TE
.sp 1
Produce more compact output\&. This option enables the
\fB\-\-skip\-add\-drop\-table\fR,
\fB\-\-skip\-add\-locks\fR,
\fB\-\-skip\-comments\fR,
\fB\-\-skip\-disable\-keys\fR, and
\fB\-\-skip\-set\-charset\fR
options\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-compatible=\fR\fB\fIname\fR\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l
lB l
lB l
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--compatible=name[,name,...]
T}
T{
Type
T}:T{
String
T}
T{
Default Value
T}:T{
''
T}
T{
Valid Values
T}:T{
.PP
ansi
.PP
mysql323
.PP
mysql40
.PP
postgresql
.PP
oracle
.PP
mssql
.PP
db2
.PP
maxdb
.PP
no_key_options
.PP
no_table_options
.PP
no_key_options
T}
.TE
.sp 1
Produce output that is more compatible with other database systems or with older MySQL servers\&. The only permitted value for this option is
ansi, which has the same meaning as the corresponding option for setting the server SQL mode\&. See
Section\ \&7.1.11, \(lqServer SQL Modes\(rq\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-complete\-insert\fR,
\fB\-c\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--complete-insert
T}
.TE
.sp 1
Use complete
INSERT
statements that include column names\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-create\-options\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--create-options
T}
.TE
.sp 1
Include all MySQL\-specific table options in the
CREATE TABLE
statements\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-fields\-terminated\-by=\&.\&.\&.\fR,
\fB\-\-fields\-enclosed\-by=\&.\&.\&.\fR,
\fB\-\-fields\-optionally\-enclosed\-by=\&.\&.\&.\fR,
\fB\-\-fields\-escaped\-by=\&.\&.\&.\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--fields-terminated-by=string
T}
T{
Type
T}:T{
String
T}
.TE
.sp 1
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--fields-enclosed-by=string
T}
T{
Type
T}:T{
String
T}
.TE
.sp 1
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--fields-optionally-enclosed-by=string
T}
T{
Type
T}:T{
String
T}
.TE
.sp 1
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--fields-escaped-by
T}
T{
Type
T}:T{
String
T}
.TE
.sp 1
These options are used with the
\fB\-\-tab\fR
option and have the same meaning as the corresponding
FIELDS
clauses for
LOAD DATA\&. See
Section\ \&15.2.9, \(lqLOAD DATA Statement\(rq\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-hex\-blob\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--hex-blob
T}
.TE
.sp 1
Dump binary columns using hexadecimal notation (for example,
\*(Aqabc\*(Aq
becomes
0x616263)\&. The affected data types are
BINARY,
VARBINARY,
BLOB
types,
BIT, all spatial data types, and other non\-binary data types when used with the
binary character set\&.
.sp
The
\fB\-\-hex\-blob\fR
option is ignored when the
\fB\-\-tab\fR
is used\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-lines\-terminated\-by=\&.\&.\&.\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--lines-terminated-by=string
T}
T{
Type
T}:T{
String
T}
.TE
.sp 1
This option is used with the
\fB\-\-tab\fR
option and has the same meaning as the corresponding
LINES
clause for
LOAD DATA\&. See
Section\ \&15.2.9, \(lqLOAD DATA Statement\(rq\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-quote\-names\fR,
\fB\-Q\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--quote-names
T}
T{
Disabled by
T}:T{
skip-quote-names
T}
.TE
.sp 1
Quote identifiers (such as database, table, and column names) within
`
characters\&. If the
ANSI_QUOTES
SQL mode is enabled, identifiers are quoted within
"
characters\&. This option is enabled by default\&. It can be disabled with
\fB\-\-skip\-quote\-names\fR, but this option should be given after any option such as
\fB\-\-compatible\fR
that may enable
\fB\-\-quote\-names\fR\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-result\-file=\fR\fB\fIfile_name\fR\fR,
\fB\-r \fR\fB\fIfile_name\fR\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--result-file=file_name
T}
T{
Type
T}:T{
File name
T}
.TE
.sp 1
Direct output to the named file\&. The result file is created and its previous contents overwritten, even if an error occurs while generating the dump\&.
.sp
This option should be used on Windows to prevent newline
\en
characters from being converted to
\er\en
carriage return/newline sequences\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-show\-create\-skip\-secondary\-engine=\fR\fB\fIvalue\fR\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--show-create-skip-secondary-engine
T}
.TE
.sp 1
Excludes the
SECONDARY ENGINE
clause from
CREATE TABLE
statements\&. It does so by enabling the
show_create_table_skip_secondary_engine
system variable for the duration of the dump operation\&. Alternatively, you can enable the
show_create_table_skip_secondary_engine
system variable prior to using
\fBmysqldump\fR\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-tab=\fR\fB\fIdir_name\fR\fR,
\fB\-T \fR\fB\fIdir_name\fR\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--tab=dir_name
T}
T{
Type
T}:T{
Directory name
T}
.TE
.sp 1
Produce tab\-separated text\-format data files\&. For each dumped table,
\fBmysqldump\fR
creates a
\fItbl_name\fR\&.sql
file that contains the
CREATE TABLE
statement that creates the table, and the server writes a
\fItbl_name\fR\&.txt
file that contains its data\&. The option value is the directory in which to write the files\&.
.if n \{\
.sp
.\}
.RS 4
.it 1 an-trap
.nr an-no-space-flag 1
.nr an-break-flag 1
.br
.ps +1
\fBNote\fR
.ps -1
.br
This option should be used only when
\fBmysqldump\fR
is run on the same machine as the
\fBmysqld\fR
server\&. Because the server creates
*\&.txt
files in the directory that you specify, the directory must be writable by the server and the MySQL account that you use must have the
FILE
privilege\&. Because
\fBmysqldump\fR
creates
*\&.sql
in the same directory, it must be writable by your system login account\&.
.sp .5v
.RE
By default, the
\&.txt
data files are formatted using tab characters between column values and a newline at the end of each line\&. The format can be specified explicitly using the
\fB\-\-fields\-\fR\fB\fIxxx\fR\fR
and
\fB\-\-lines\-terminated\-by\fR
options\&.
.sp
Column values are converted to the character set specified by the
\fB\-\-default\-character\-set\fR
option\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-tz\-utc\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--tz-utc
T}
T{
Disabled by
T}:T{
skip-tz-utc
T}
.TE
.sp 1
This option enables
TIMESTAMP
columns to be dumped and reloaded between servers in different time zones\&.
\fBmysqldump\fR
sets its connection time zone to UTC and adds
SET TIME_ZONE=\*(Aq+00:00\*(Aq
to the dump file\&. Without this option,
TIMESTAMP
columns are dumped and reloaded in the time zones local to the source and destination servers, which can cause the values to change if the servers are in different time zones\&.
\fB\-\-tz\-utc\fR
also protects against changes due to daylight saving time\&.
\fB\-\-tz\-utc\fR
is enabled by default\&. To disable it, use
\fB\-\-skip\-tz\-utc\fR\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-xml\fR,
\fB\-X\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--xml
T}
.TE
.sp 1
Write dump output as well\-formed XML\&.
.sp
\fBNULL\fR\fB, \fR\fB\*(AqNULL\*(Aq\fR\fB, and Empty Values\fR: For a column named
\fIcolumn_name\fR, the
NULL
value, an empty string, and the string value
\*(AqNULL\*(Aq
are distinguished from one another in the output generated by this option as follows\&.
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB lB.
T{
Value:
T}:T{
XML Representation:
T}
.T&
l l
l l
l l.
T{
NULL (\fIunknown value\fR)
T}:T{
.PP
<field name="\fIcolumn_name\fR" xsi:nil="true" />
T}
T{
'' (\fIempty string\fR)
T}:T{
.PP
<field name="\fIcolumn_name\fR"></field>
T}
T{
'NULL' (\fIstring value\fR)
T}:T{
.PP
<field name="\fIcolumn_name\fR">NULL</field>
T}
.TE
.sp 1
The output from the
\fBmysql\fR
client when run using the
\fB\-\-xml\fR
option also follows the preceding rules\&. (See
the section called \(lqMYSQL CLIENT OPTIONS\(rq\&.)
.sp
XML output from
\fBmysqldump\fR
includes the XML namespace, as shown here:
.sp
.if n \{\
.RS 4
.\}
.nf
$> \fBmysqldump \-\-xml \-u root world City\fR
<?xml version="1\&.0"?>
<mysqldump xmlns:xsi="http://www\&.w3\&.org/2001/XMLSchema\-instance">
<database name="world">
<table_structure name="City">
<field Field="ID" Type="int(11)" Null="NO" Key="PRI" Extra="auto_increment" />
<field Field="Name" Type="char(35)" Null="NO" Key="" Default="" Extra="" />
<field Field="CountryCode" Type="char(3)" Null="NO" Key="" Default="" Extra="" />
<field Field="District" Type="char(20)" Null="NO" Key="" Default="" Extra="" />
<field Field="Population" Type="int(11)" Null="NO" Key="" Default="0" Extra="" />
<key Table="City" Non_unique="0" Key_name="PRIMARY" Seq_in_index="1" Column_name="ID"
Collation="A" Cardinality="4079" Null="" Index_type="BTREE" Comment="" />
<options Name="City" Engine="MyISAM" Version="10" Row_format="Fixed" Rows="4079"
Avg_row_length="67" Data_length="273293" Max_data_length="18858823439613951"
Index_length="43008" Data_free="0" Auto_increment="4080"
Create_time="2007\-03\-31 01:47:01" Update_time="2007\-03\-31 01:47:02"
Collation="latin1_swedish_ci" Create_options="" Comment="" />
</table_structure>
<table_data name="City">
<row>
<field name="ID">1</field>
<field name="Name">Kabul</field>
<field name="CountryCode">AFG</field>
<field name="District">Kabol</field>
<field name="Population">1780000</field>
</row>
\fI\&.\&.\&.\fR
<row>
<field name="ID">4079</field>
<field name="Name">Rafah</field>
<field name="CountryCode">PSE</field>
<field name="District">Rafah</field>
<field name="Population">92020</field>
</row>
</table_data>
</database>
</mysqldump>
.fi
.if n \{\
.RE
.\}
.RE
Filtering Options
.PP
The following options control which kinds of schema objects are written to the dump file: by category, such as triggers or events; by name, for example, choosing which databases and tables to dump; or even filtering rows from the table data using a
WHERE
clause\&.
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-all\-databases\fR,
\fB\-A\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--all-databases
T}
.TE
.sp 1
Dump all tables in all databases\&. This is the same as using the
\fB\-\-databases\fR
option and naming all the databases on the command line\&.
.if n \{\
.sp
.\}
.RS 4
.it 1 an-trap
.nr an-no-space-flag 1
.nr an-break-flag 1
.br
.ps +1
\fBNote\fR
.ps -1
.br
See the
\fB\-\-add\-drop\-database\fR
description for information about an incompatibility of that option with
\fB\-\-all\-databases\fR\&.
.sp .5v
.RE
Prior to MySQL 9\&.0, the
\fB\-\-routines\fR
and
\fB\-\-events\fR
options for
\fBmysqldump\fR
were not required to include stored routines and events when using the
\fB\-\-all\-databases\fR
option: The dump included the
mysql
system database, and therefore also the
mysql\&.proc
and
mysql\&.event
tables containing stored routine and event definitions\&. As of MySQL 9\&.0, the
mysql\&.event
and
mysql\&.proc
tables are not used\&. Definitions for the corresponding objects are stored in data dictionary tables, but those tables are not dumped\&. To include stored routines and events in a dump made using
\fB\-\-all\-databases\fR, use the
\fB\-\-routines\fR
and
\fB\-\-events\fR
options explicitly\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-databases\fR,
\fB\-B\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--databases
T}
.TE
.sp 1
Dump several databases\&. Normally,
\fBmysqldump\fR
treats the first name argument on the command line as a database name and following names as table names\&. With this option, it treats all name arguments as database names\&.
CREATE DATABASE
and
USE
statements are included in the output before each new database\&.
.sp
This option may be used to dump the
performance_schema
database, which normally is not dumped even with the
\fB\-\-all\-databases\fR
option\&. (Also use the
\fB\-\-skip\-lock\-tables\fR
option\&.)
.if n \{\
.sp
.\}
.RS 4
.it 1 an-trap
.nr an-no-space-flag 1
.nr an-break-flag 1
.br
.ps +1
\fBNote\fR
.ps -1
.br
See the
\fB\-\-add\-drop\-database\fR
description for information about an incompatibility of that option with
\fB\-\-databases\fR\&.
.sp .5v
.RE
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-events\fR,
\fB\-E\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--events
T}
.TE
.sp 1
Include Event Scheduler events for the dumped databases in the output\&. This option requires the
EVENT
privileges for those databases\&.
.sp
The output generated by using
\fB\-\-events\fR
contains
CREATE EVENT
statements to create the events\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-ignore\-error=\fR\fB\fIerror[,error]\&.\&.\&.\fR\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--ignore-error=error[,error]...
T}
T{
Type
T}:T{
String
T}
.TE
.sp 1
Ignore the specified errors\&. The option value is a list of comma\-separated error numbers specifying the errors to ignore during
\fBmysqldump\fR
execution\&. If the
\fB\-\-force\fR
option is also given to ignore all errors,
\fB\-\-force\fR
takes precedence\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-ignore\-table=\fR\fB\fIdb_name\&.tbl_name\fR\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--ignore-table=db_name.tbl_name
T}
T{
Type
T}:T{
String
T}
.TE
.sp 1
Do not dump the given table, which must be specified using both the database and table names\&. To ignore multiple tables, use this option multiple times\&. This option also can be used to ignore views\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-ignore\-views=\fR\fB\fIboolean\fR\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l
lB l
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--ignore-views
T}
T{
Type
T}:T{
Boolean
T}
T{
Default Value
T}:T{
FALSE
T}
.TE
.sp 1
Skips table views in the dump file\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-init\-command=\fR\fB\fIstr\fR\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--init-command=str
T}
T{
Type
T}:T{
String
T}
.TE
.sp 1
Single SQL statement to execute after connecting to the MySQL server\&. The definition resets existing statements defined by it or
\fBinit\-command\-add\fR\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-init\-command\-add=\fR\fB\fIstr\fR\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--init-command-add=str
T}
T{
Type
T}:T{
String
T}
.TE
.sp 1
Add an additional SQL statement to execute after connecting or reconnecting to the MySQL server\&. It\*(Aqs usable without
\fB\-\-init\-command\fR
but has no effect if used before it because
\fBinit\-command\fR
resets the list of commands to call\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-no\-data\fR,
\fB\-d\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--no-data
T}
.TE
.sp 1
Do not write any table row information (that is, do not dump table contents)\&. This is useful if you want to dump only the
CREATE TABLE
statement for the table (for example, to create an empty copy of the table by loading the dump file)\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-routines\fR,
\fB\-R\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--routines
T}
.TE
.sp 1
Include stored routines (procedures and functions) for the dumped databases in the output\&. This option requires the global
SELECT
privilege\&.
.sp
The output generated by using
\fB\-\-routines\fR
contains
CREATE PROCEDURE
and
CREATE FUNCTION
statements to create the routines\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-skip\-generated\-invisible\-primary\-key\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l
lB l
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--skip-generated-invisible-primary-key
T}
T{
Type
T}:T{
Boolean
T}
T{
Default Value
T}:T{
FALSE
T}
.TE
.sp 1
This option causes generated invisible primary keys to be excluded from the output\&. For more information, see
Section\ \&15.1.20.11, \(lqGenerated Invisible Primary Keys\(rq\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-tables\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--tables
T}
.TE
.sp 1
Override the
\fB\-\-databases\fR
or
\fB\-B\fR
option\&.
\fBmysqldump\fR
regards all name arguments following the option as table names\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-triggers\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--triggers
T}
T{
Disabled by
T}:T{
skip-triggers
T}
.TE
.sp 1
Include triggers for each dumped table in the output\&. This option is enabled by default; disable it with
\fB\-\-skip\-triggers\fR\&.
.sp
To be able to dump a table\*(Aqs triggers, you must have the
TRIGGER
privilege for the table\&.
.sp
Multiple triggers are permitted\&.
\fBmysqldump\fR
dumps triggers in activation order so that when the dump file is reloaded, triggers are created in the same activation order\&. However, if a
\fBmysqldump\fR
dump file contains multiple triggers for a table that have the same trigger event and action time, an error occurs for attempts to load the dump file into an older server that does not support multiple triggers\&. (For a workaround, see
\m[blue]\fBDowngrade Notes\fR\m[]\&\s-2\u[4]\d\s+2; you can convert triggers to be compatible with older servers\&.)
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-where=\*(Aq\fR\fB\fIwhere_condition\fR\fR\fB\*(Aq\fR,
\fB\-w \*(Aq\fR\fB\fIwhere_condition\fR\fR\fB\*(Aq\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--where='where_condition'
T}
.TE
.sp 1
Dump only rows selected by the given
WHERE
condition\&. Quotes around the condition are mandatory if it contains spaces or other characters that are special to your command interpreter\&.
.sp
Examples:
.sp
.if n \{\
.RS 4
.\}
.nf
\-\-where="user=\*(Aqjimf\*(Aq"
\-w"userid>1"
\-w"userid<1"
.fi
.if n \{\
.RE
.\}
.RE
Performance Options
.PP
The following options are the most relevant for the performance particularly of the restore operations\&. For large data sets, restore operation (processing the
INSERT
statements in the dump file) is the most time\-consuming part\&. When it is urgent to restore data quickly, plan and test the performance of this stage in advance\&. For restore times measured in hours, you might prefer an alternative backup and restore solution, such as
MySQL Enterprise Backup
for
InnoDB\-only and mixed\-use databases\&.
.PP
Performance is also affected by the
transactional options, primarily for the dump operation\&.
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-column\-statistics\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l
lB l
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--column-statistics
T}
T{
Type
T}:T{
Boolean
T}
T{
Default Value
T}:T{
OFF
T}
.TE
.sp 1
Add
ANALYZE TABLE
statements to the output to generate histogram statistics for dumped tables when the dump file is reloaded\&. This option is disabled by default because histogram generation for large tables can take a long time\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-disable\-keys\fR,
\fB\-K\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--disable-keys
T}
.TE
.sp 1
For each table, surround the
INSERT
statements with
/*!40000 ALTER TABLE \fItbl_name\fR DISABLE KEYS */;
and
/*!40000 ALTER TABLE \fItbl_name\fR ENABLE KEYS */;
statements\&. This makes loading the dump file faster because the indexes are created after all rows are inserted\&. This option is effective only for nonunique indexes of
MyISAM
tables\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-extended\-insert\fR,
\fB\-e\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--extended-insert
T}
T{
Disabled by
T}:T{
skip-extended-insert
T}
.TE
.sp 1
Write
INSERT
statements using multiple\-row syntax that includes several
VALUES
lists\&. This results in a smaller dump file and speeds up inserts when the file is reloaded\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-insert\-ignore\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--insert-ignore
T}
.TE
.sp 1
Write
INSERT IGNORE
statements rather than
INSERT
statements\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-max\-allowed\-packet=\fR\fB\fIvalue\fR\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l
lB l
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--max-allowed-packet=value
T}
T{
Type
T}:T{
Numeric
T}
T{
Default Value
T}:T{
25165824
T}
.TE
.sp 1
The maximum size of the buffer for client/server communication\&. The default is 24MB, the maximum is 1GB\&.
.if n \{\
.sp
.\}
.RS 4
.it 1 an-trap
.nr an-no-space-flag 1
.nr an-break-flag 1
.br
.ps +1
\fBNote\fR
.ps -1
.br
The value of this option is specific to
\fBmysqldump\fR
and should not be confused with the MySQL server\*(Aqs
max_allowed_packet
system variable; the server value cannot be exceeded by a single packet from
\fBmysqldump\fR, regardless of any setting for the
\fBmysqldump\fR
option, even if the latter is larger\&.
.sp .5v
.RE
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-mysqld\-long\-query\-time=\fR\fB\fIvalue\fR\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l
lB l
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--mysqld-long-query-time=value
T}
T{
Type
T}:T{
Numeric
T}
T{
Default Value
T}:T{
Server global setting
T}
.TE
.sp 1
Set the session value of the
long_query_time
system variable\&. Use this option if you want to increase the time allowed for queries from
\fBmysqldump\fR
before they are logged to the slow query log file\&.
\fBmysqldump\fR
performs a full table scan, which means its queries can often exceed a global
long_query_time
setting that is useful for regular queries\&. The default global setting is 10 seconds\&.
.sp
You can use
\fB\-\-mysqld\-long\-query\-time\fR
to specify a session value from 0 (meaning that every query from
\fBmysqldump\fR
is logged to the slow query log) to 31536000, which is 365 days in seconds\&. For
\fBmysqldump\fR\(cqs option, you can only specify whole seconds\&. When you do not specify this option, the server\(cqs global setting applies to
\fBmysqldump\fR\(cqs queries\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-net\-buffer\-length=\fR\fB\fIvalue\fR\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l
lB l
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--net-buffer-length=value
T}
T{
Type
T}:T{
Numeric
T}
T{
Default Value
T}:T{
16384
T}
.TE
.sp 1
The initial size of the buffer for client/server communication\&. When creating multiple\-row
INSERT
statements (as with the
\fB\-\-extended\-insert\fR
or
\fB\-\-opt\fR
option),
\fBmysqldump\fR
creates rows up to
\fB\-\-net\-buffer\-length\fR
bytes long\&. If you increase this variable, ensure that the MySQL server
net_buffer_length
system variable has a value at least this large\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-network\-timeout\fR,
\fB\-M\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l
lB l
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--network-timeout[={0|1}]
T}
T{
Type
T}:T{
Boolean
T}
T{
Default Value
T}:T{
TRUE
T}
.TE
.sp 1
Enable large tables to be dumped by setting
\fB\-\-max\-allowed\-packet\fR
to its maximum value and network read and write timeouts to a large value\&. This option is enabled by default\&. To disable it, use
\fB\-\-skip\-network\-timeout\fR\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-opt\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--opt
T}
T{
Disabled by
T}:T{
skip-opt
T}
.TE
.sp 1
This option, enabled by default, is shorthand for the combination of
\fB\-\-add\-drop\-table\fR
\fB\-\-add\-locks\fR
\fB\-\-create\-options\fR
\fB\-\-disable\-keys\fR
\fB\-\-extended\-insert\fR
\fB\-\-lock\-tables\fR
\fB\-\-quick\fR
\fB\-\-set\-charset\fR\&. It gives a fast dump operation and produces a dump file that can be reloaded into a MySQL server quickly\&.
.sp
Because the
\fB\-\-opt\fR
option is enabled by default, you only specify its converse, the
\fB\-\-skip\-opt\fR
to turn off several default settings\&. See the discussion of
mysqldump option groups
for information about selectively enabling or disabling a subset of the options affected by
\fB\-\-opt\fR\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-quick\fR,
\fB\-q\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--quick
T}
T{
Disabled by
T}:T{
skip-quick
T}
.TE
.sp 1
This option is useful for dumping large tables\&. It forces
\fBmysqldump\fR
to retrieve rows for a table from the server a row at a time rather than retrieving the entire row set and buffering it in memory before writing it out\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-skip\-opt\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--skip-opt
T}
.TE
.sp 1
See the description for the
\fB\-\-opt\fR
option\&.
.RE
Transactional Options
.PP
The following options trade off the performance of the dump operation, against the reliability and consistency of the exported data\&.
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-add\-locks\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--add-locks
T}
.TE
.sp 1
Surround each table dump with
LOCK TABLES
and
UNLOCK TABLES
statements\&. This results in faster inserts when the dump file is reloaded\&. See
Section\ \&10.2.5.1, \(lqOptimizing INSERT Statements\(rq\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-flush\-logs\fR,
\fB\-F\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--flush-logs
T}
.TE
.sp 1
Flush the MySQL server log files before starting the dump\&. This option requires the
RELOAD
privilege\&. If you use this option in combination with the
\fB\-\-all\-databases\fR
option, the logs are flushed
\fIfor each database dumped\fR\&. The exception is when using
\fB\-\-lock\-all\-tables\fR,
\fB\-\-source\-data\fR, or
\fB\-\-single\-transaction\fR\&. In these cases, the logs are flushed only once, corresponding to the moment that all tables are locked by
FLUSH TABLES WITH READ LOCK\&. If you want your dump and the log flush to happen at exactly the same moment, you should use
\fB\-\-flush\-logs\fR
together with
\fB\-\-lock\-all\-tables\fR,
\fB\-\-source\-data\fR, or
\fB\-\-single\-transaction\fR\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-flush\-privileges\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--flush-privileges
T}
.TE
.sp 1
Add a
FLUSH PRIVILEGES
statement to the dump output after dumping the
mysql
database\&. This option should be used any time the dump contains the
mysql
database and any other database that depends on the data in the
mysql
database for proper restoration\&.
.sp
Because the dump file contains a
FLUSH PRIVILEGES
statement, reloading the file requires privileges sufficient to execute that statement\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-lock\-all\-tables\fR,
\fB\-x\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--lock-all-tables
T}
.TE
.sp 1
Lock all tables across all databases\&. This is achieved by acquiring a global read lock for the duration of the whole dump\&. This option automatically turns off
\fB\-\-single\-transaction\fR
and
\fB\-\-lock\-tables\fR\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-lock\-tables\fR,
\fB\-l\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--lock-tables
T}
.TE
.sp 1
For each dumped database, lock all tables to be dumped before dumping them\&. The tables are locked with
READ LOCAL
to permit concurrent inserts in the case of
MyISAM
tables\&. For transactional tables such as
InnoDB,
\fB\-\-single\-transaction\fR
is a much better option than
\fB\-\-lock\-tables\fR
because it does not need to lock the tables at all\&.
.sp
Because
\fB\-\-lock\-tables\fR
locks tables for each database separately, this option does not guarantee that the tables in the dump file are logically consistent between databases\&. Tables in different databases may be dumped in completely different states\&.
.sp
Some options, such as
\fB\-\-opt\fR, automatically enable
\fB\-\-lock\-tables\fR\&. If you want to override this, use
\fB\-\-skip\-lock\-tables\fR
at the end of the option list\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-no\-autocommit\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--no-autocommit
T}
.TE
.sp 1
Enclose the
INSERT
statements for each dumped table within
SET autocommit = 0
and
COMMIT
statements\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-order\-by\-primary\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--order-by-primary
T}
.TE
.sp 1
Dump each table\*(Aqs rows sorted by its primary key, or by its first unique index, if such an index exists\&. This is useful when dumping a
MyISAM
table to be loaded into an
InnoDB
table, but makes the dump operation take considerably longer\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-shared\-memory\-base\-name=\fR\fB\fIname\fR\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--shared-memory-base-name=name
T}
T{
Platform Specific
T}:T{
Windows
T}
.TE
.sp 1
On Windows, the shared\-memory name to use for connections made using shared memory to a local server\&. The default value is
MYSQL\&. The shared\-memory name is case\-sensitive\&.
.sp
This option applies only if the server was started with the
shared_memory
system variable enabled to support shared\-memory connections\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-single\-transaction\fR
.TS
allbox tab(:);
lB l.
T{
Command-Line Format
T}:T{
--single-transaction
T}
.TE
.sp 1
This option sets the transaction isolation mode to
REPEATABLE READ
and sends a
START TRANSACTION
SQL statement to the server before dumping data\&. It is useful only with transactional tables such as
InnoDB, because then it dumps the consistent state of the database at the time when
START TRANSACTION
was issued without blocking any applications\&.
.sp
The
RELOAD
or
FLUSH_TABLES
privilege is required with
\fB\-\-single\-transaction\fR
if both
gtid_mode=ON
and
gtid_purged=ON|AUTO\&.
.sp
When using this option, you should keep in mind that only
InnoDB
tables are dumped in a consistent state\&. For example, any
MyISAM
or
MEMORY
tables dumped while using this option may still change state\&.
.sp
While a
\fB\-\-single\-transaction\fR
dump is in process, to ensure a valid dump file (correct table contents and binary log coordinates), no other connection should use the following statements:
ALTER TABLE,
CREATE TABLE,
DROP TABLE,
RENAME TABLE,
TRUNCATE TABLE\&. A consistent read is not isolated from those statements, so use of them on a table to be dumped can cause the
SELECT
that is performed by
\fBmysqldump\fR
to retrieve the table contents to obtain incorrect contents or fail\&.
.sp
The
\fB\-\-single\-transaction\fR
option and the
\fB\-\-lock\-tables\fR
option are mutually exclusive because
LOCK TABLES
causes any pending transactions to be committed implicitly\&.
.sp
To dump large tables, combine the
\fB\-\-single\-transaction\fR
option with the
\fB\-\-quick\fR
option\&.
.RE
Option Groups
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
The
\fB\-\-opt\fR
option turns on several settings that work together to perform a fast dump operation\&. All of these settings are on by default, because
\fB\-\-opt\fR
is on by default\&. Thus you rarely if ever specify
\-\-opt\&. Instead, you can turn these settings off as a group by specifying
\-\-skip\-opt, then optionally re\-enable certain settings by specifying the associated options later on the command line\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
The
\fB\-\-compact\fR
option turns off several settings that control whether optional statements and comments appear in the output\&. Again, you can follow this option with other options that re\-enable certain settings, or turn all the settings on by using the
\-\-skip\-compact
form\&.
.RE
.PP
When you selectively enable or disable the effect of a group option, order is important because options are processed first to last\&. For example,
\fB\-\-disable\-keys\fR
\fB\-\-lock\-tables\fR
\fB\-\-skip\-opt\fR
would not have the intended effect; it is the same as
\fB\-\-skip\-opt\fR
by itself\&.
Examples
.PP
To make a backup of an entire database:
.sp
.if n \{\
.RS 4
.\}
.nf
mysqldump \fIdb_name\fR > \fIbackup\-file\&.sql\fR
.fi
.if n \{\
.RE
.\}
.PP
To load the dump file back into the server:
.sp
.if n \{\
.RS 4
.\}
.nf
mysql \fIdb_name\fR < \fIbackup\-file\&.sql\fR
.fi
.if n \{\
.RE
.\}
.PP
Another way to reload the dump file:
.sp
.if n \{\
.RS 4
.\}
.nf
mysql \-e "source \fI/path\-to\-backup/backup\-file\&.sql\fR" \fIdb_name\fR
.fi
.if n \{\
.RE
.\}
.PP
\fBmysqldump\fR
is also very useful for populating databases by copying data from one MySQL server to another:
.sp
.if n \{\
.RS 4
.\}
.nf
mysqldump \-\-opt \fIdb_name\fR | mysql \-\-host=\fIremote_host\fR \-C \fIdb_name\fR
.fi
.if n \{\
.RE
.\}
.PP
You can dump several databases with one command:
.sp
.if n \{\
.RS 4
.\}
.nf
mysqldump \-\-databases \fIdb_name1\fR [\fIdb_name2\fR \&.\&.\&.] > my_databases\&.sql
.fi
.if n \{\
.RE
.\}
.PP
To dump all databases, use the
\fB\-\-all\-databases\fR
option:
.sp
.if n \{\
.RS 4
.\}
.nf
mysqldump \-\-all\-databases > all_databases\&.sql
.fi
.if n \{\
.RE
.\}
.PP
For
InnoDB
tables,
\fBmysqldump\fR
provides a way of making an online backup:
.sp
.if n \{\
.RS 4
.\}
.nf
mysqldump \-\-all\-databases \-\-source\-data \-\-single\-transaction > all_databases\&.sql
.fi
.if n \{\
.RE
.\}
.PP
This backup acquires a global read lock on all tables (using
FLUSH TABLES WITH READ LOCK) at the beginning of the dump\&. As soon as this lock has been acquired, the binary log coordinates are read and the lock is released\&. If long updating statements are running when the
FLUSH
statement is issued, the MySQL server may get stalled until those statements finish\&. After that, the dump becomes lock free and does not disturb reads and writes on the tables\&. If the update statements that the MySQL server receives are short (in terms of execution time), the initial lock period should not be noticeable, even with many updates\&.
.PP
For point\-in\-time recovery (also known as
\(lqroll\-forward,\(rq
when you need to restore an old backup and replay the changes that happened since that backup), it is often useful to rotate the binary log (see
Section\ \&7.4.4, \(lqThe Binary Log\(rq) or at least know the binary log coordinates to which the dump corresponds:
.sp
.if n \{\
.RS 4
.\}
.nf
mysqldump \-\-all\-databases \-\-source\-data=2 > all_databases\&.sql
.fi
.if n \{\
.RE
.\}
.PP
Or:
.sp
.if n \{\
.RS 4
.\}
.nf
mysqldump \-\-all\-databases \-\-flush\-logs \-\-source\-data=2 > all_databases\&.sql
.fi
.if n \{\
.RE
.\}
.PP
The
\fB\-\-source\-data\fR
option can be used simultaneously with the
\fB\-\-single\-transaction\fR
option, which provides a convenient way to make an online backup suitable for use prior to point\-in\-time recovery if tables are stored using the
InnoDB
storage engine\&.
.PP
For more information on making backups, see
Section\ \&9.2, \(lqDatabase Backup Methods\(rq, and
Section\ \&9.3, \(lqExample Backup and Recovery Strategy\(rq\&.
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
To select the effect of
\fB\-\-opt\fR
except for some features, use the
\fB\-\-skip\fR
option for each feature\&. To disable extended inserts and memory buffering, use
\fB\-\-opt\fR
\fB\-\-skip\-extended\-insert\fR
\fB\-\-skip\-quick\fR\&. (Actually,
\fB\-\-skip\-extended\-insert\fR
\fB\-\-skip\-quick\fR
is sufficient because
\fB\-\-opt\fR
is on by default\&.)
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
To reverse
\fB\-\-opt\fR
for all features except disabling of indexes and table locking, use
\fB\-\-skip\-opt\fR
\fB\-\-disable\-keys\fR
\fB\-\-lock\-tables\fR\&.
.RE
Restrictions
.PP
\fBmysqldump\fR
does not dump the
performance_schema
or
sys
schema by default\&. To dump any of these, name them explicitly on the command line\&. You can also name them with the
\fB\-\-databases\fR
option\&. For
performance_schema, also use the
\fB\-\-skip\-lock\-tables\fR
option\&.
.PP
\fBmysqldump\fR
does not dump the
INFORMATION_SCHEMA
schema\&.
.PP
\fBmysqldump\fR
does not dump
InnoDB
CREATE TABLESPACE
statements\&.
.PP
\fBmysqldump\fR
does not dump the NDB Cluster
ndbinfo
information database\&.
.PP
\fBmysqldump\fR
includes statements to recreate the
general_log
and
slow_query_log
tables for dumps of the
mysql
database\&. Log table contents are not dumped\&.
.PP
If you encounter problems backing up views due to insufficient privileges, see
Section\ \&27.10, \(lqRestrictions on Views\(rq
for a workaround\&.
.SH "COPYRIGHT"
.br
.PP
Copyright \(co 1997, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
.PP
This documentation is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it only under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation; version 2 of the License.
.PP
This documentation is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.
.PP
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with the program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA or see http://www.gnu.org/licenses/.
.sp
.SH "NOTES"
.IP " 1." 4
MySQL Shell dump utilities
.RS 4
\%https://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql-shell/9.0/en/mysql-shell-utilities-dump-instance-schema.html
.RE
.IP " 2." 4
MySQL Shell load dump utilities
.RS 4
\%https://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql-shell/9.0/en/mysql-shell-utilities-load-dump.html
.RE
.IP " 3." 4
here
.RS 4
\%https://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql-shell/9.0/en/mysql-shell-install.html
.RE
.IP " 4." 4
Downgrade Notes
.RS 4
\%https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/downgrading-to-previous-series.html
.RE
.SH "SEE ALSO"
For more information, please refer to the MySQL Reference Manual,
which may already be installed locally and which is also available
online at http://dev.mysql.com/doc/.
.SH AUTHOR
Oracle Corporation (http://dev.mysql.com/).