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survey_results_sample_2018.csv
1 | Respondent | Hobby | OpenSource | Country | Student | Employment | FormalEducation | UndergradMajor | CompanySize | DevType | YearsCoding | YearsCodingProf | JobSatisfaction | CareerSatisfaction | HopeFiveYears | JobSearchStatus | LastNewJob | AssessJob1 | AssessJob2 | AssessJob3 | AssessJob4 | AssessJob5 | AssessJob6 | AssessJob7 | AssessJob8 | AssessJob9 | AssessJob10 | AssessBenefits1 | AssessBenefits2 | AssessBenefits3 | AssessBenefits4 | AssessBenefits5 | AssessBenefits6 | AssessBenefits7 | AssessBenefits8 | AssessBenefits9 | AssessBenefits10 | AssessBenefits11 | JobContactPriorities1 | JobContactPriorities2 | JobContactPriorities3 | JobContactPriorities4 | JobContactPriorities5 | JobEmailPriorities1 | JobEmailPriorities2 | JobEmailPriorities3 | JobEmailPriorities4 | JobEmailPriorities5 | JobEmailPriorities6 | JobEmailPriorities7 | UpdateCV | Currency | Salary | SalaryType | ConvertedSalary | CurrencySymbol | CommunicationTools | TimeFullyProductive | EducationTypes | SelfTaughtTypes | TimeAfterBootcamp | HackathonReasons | AgreeDisagree1 | AgreeDisagree2 | AgreeDisagree3 | LanguageWorkedWith | LanguageDesireNextYear | DatabaseWorkedWith | DatabaseDesireNextYear | PlatformWorkedWith | PlatformDesireNextYear | FrameworkWorkedWith | FrameworkDesireNextYear | IDE | OperatingSystem | NumberMonitors | Methodology | VersionControl | CheckInCode | AdBlocker | AdBlockerDisable | AdBlockerReasons | AdsAgreeDisagree1 | AdsAgreeDisagree2 | AdsAgreeDisagree3 | AdsActions | AdsPriorities1 | AdsPriorities2 | AdsPriorities3 | AdsPriorities4 | AdsPriorities5 | AdsPriorities6 | AdsPriorities7 | AIDangerous | AIInteresting | AIResponsible | AIFuture | EthicsChoice | EthicsReport | EthicsResponsible | EthicalImplications | StackOverflowRecommend | StackOverflowVisit | StackOverflowHasAccount | StackOverflowParticipate | StackOverflowJobs | StackOverflowDevStory | StackOverflowJobsRecommend | StackOverflowConsiderMember | HypotheticalTools1 | HypotheticalTools2 | HypotheticalTools3 | HypotheticalTools4 | HypotheticalTools5 | WakeTime | HoursComputer | HoursOutside | SkipMeals | ErgonomicDevices | Exercise | Gender | SexualOrientation | EducationParents | RaceEthnicity | Age | Dependents | MilitaryUS | SurveyTooLong | SurveyEasy |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2 | 1 | Yes | No | Kenya | No | Employed part-time | Bachelor’s degree (BA, BS, B.Eng., etc.) | Mathematics or statistics | 20 to 99 employees | Full-stack developer | 3-5 years | 3-5 years | Extremely satisfied | Extremely satisfied | Working as a founder or co-founder of my own company | I’m not actively looking, but I am open to new opportunities | Less than a year ago | 10 | 7 | 8 | 1 | 2 | 5 | 3 | 4 | 9 | 6 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | 3 | 1 | 4 | 2 | 5 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 2 | 1 | 4 | 3 | My job status or other personal status changed | NA | NA | Monthly | NA | KES | Slack | One to three months | Taught yourself a new language, framework, or tool without taking a formal course;Participated in a hackathon | The official documentation and/or standards for the technology;A book or e-book from O’Reilly, Apress, or a similar publisher;Questions & answers on Stack Overflow;Online developer communities other than Stack Overflow (ex. forums, listservs, IRC channels, etc.) | NA | To build my professional network | Strongly agree | Strongly agree | Neither Agree nor Disagree | JavaScript;Python;HTML;CSS | JavaScript;Python;HTML;CSS | Redis;SQL Server;MySQL;PostgreSQL;Amazon RDS/Aurora;Microsoft Azure (Tables, CosmosDB, SQL, etc) | Redis;SQL Server;MySQL;PostgreSQL;Amazon RDS/Aurora;Microsoft Azure (Tables, CosmosDB, SQL, etc) | AWS;Azure;Linux;Firebase | AWS;Azure;Linux;Firebase | Django;React | Django;React | Komodo;Vim;Visual Studio Code | Linux-based | 1 | Agile;Scrum | Git | Multiple times per day | Yes | No | NA | Strongly agree | Strongly agree | Strongly agree | Saw an online advertisement and then researched it (without clicking on the ad);Stopped going to a website because of their advertising | 1 | 5 | 4 | 7 | 2 | 6 | 3 | Artificial intelligence surpassing human intelligence ("the singularity") | Algorithms making important decisions | The developers or the people creating the AI | I'm excited about the possibilities more than worried about the dangers. | No | Yes, and publicly | Upper management at the company/organization | Yes | 10 (Very Likely) | Multiple times per day | Yes | I have never participated in Q&A on Stack Overflow | No, I knew that Stack Overflow had a jobs board but have never used or visited it | Yes | NA | Yes | Extremely interested | Extremely interested | Extremely interested | Extremely interested | Extremely interested | Between 5:00 - 6:00 AM | 9 - 12 hours | 1 - 2 hours | Never | Standing desk | 3 - 4 times per week | Male | Straight or heterosexual | Bachelor’s degree (BA, BS, B.Eng., etc.) | Black or of African descent | 25 - 34 years old | Yes | NA | The survey was an appropriate length | Very easy |
3 | 3 | Yes | Yes | United Kingdom | No | Employed full-time | Bachelor’s degree (BA, BS, B.Eng., etc.) | A natural science (ex. biology, chemistry, physics) | 10,000 or more employees | Database administrator;DevOps specialist;Full-stack developer;System administrator | 30 or more years | 18-20 years | Moderately dissatisfied | Neither satisfied nor dissatisfied | Working in a different or more specialized technical role than the one I'm in now | I am actively looking for a job | More than 4 years ago | 1 | 7 | 10 | 8 | 2 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 6 | 9 | 1 | 5 | 3 | 7 | 10 | 4 | 11 | 9 | 6 | 2 | 8 | 3 | 1 | 5 | 2 | 4 | 1 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 2 | 6 | 7 | I saw an employer’s advertisement | British pounds sterling (£) | 51000 | Yearly | 70841 | GBP | Confluence;Office / productivity suite (Microsoft Office, Google Suite, etc.);Slack;Other wiki tool (Github, Google Sites, proprietary software, etc.) | One to three months | Taught yourself a new language, framework, or tool without taking a formal course;Contributed to open source software | The official documentation and/or standards for the technology;Questions & answers on Stack Overflow | NA | NA | Agree | Agree | Neither Agree nor Disagree | JavaScript;Python;Bash/Shell | Go;Python | Redis;PostgreSQL;Memcached | PostgreSQL | Linux | Linux | Django | React | IPython / Jupyter;Sublime Text;Vim | Linux-based | 2 | NA | Git;Subversion | A few times per week | Yes | Yes | The website I was visiting asked me to disable it | Somewhat agree | Neither agree nor disagree | Neither agree nor disagree | NA | 3 | 5 | 1 | 4 | 6 | 7 | 2 | Increasing automation of jobs | Increasing automation of jobs | The developers or the people creating the AI | I'm excited about the possibilities more than worried about the dangers. | Depends on what it is | Depends on what it is | Upper management at the company/organization | Yes | 10 (Very Likely) | A few times per month or weekly | Yes | A few times per month or weekly | Yes | No, I have one but it's out of date | 7 | Yes | A little bit interested | A little bit interested | A little bit interested | A little bit interested | A little bit interested | Between 6:01 - 7:00 AM | 5 - 8 hours | 30 - 59 minutes | Never | Ergonomic keyboard or mouse | Daily or almost every day | Male | Straight or heterosexual | Bachelor’s degree (BA, BS, B.Eng., etc.) | White or of European descent | 35 - 44 years old | Yes | NA | The survey was an appropriate length | Somewhat easy |
4 | 4 | Yes | Yes | United States | No | Employed full-time | Associate degree | Computer science, computer engineering, or software engineering | 20 to 99 employees | Engineering manager;Full-stack developer | 24-26 years | 6-8 years | Moderately satisfied | Moderately satisfied | Working as a founder or co-founder of my own company | I’m not actively looking, but I am open to new opportunities | Less than a year ago | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
5 | 5 | No | No | United States | No | Employed full-time | Bachelor’s degree (BA, BS, B.Eng., etc.) | Computer science, computer engineering, or software engineering | 100 to 499 employees | Full-stack developer | 18-20 years | 12-14 years | Neither satisfied nor dissatisfied | Slightly dissatisfied | Working as a founder or co-founder of my own company | I’m not actively looking, but I am open to new opportunities | Less than a year ago | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | A recruiter contacted me | U.S. dollars ($) | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | Three to six months | Completed an industry certification program (e.g. MCPD);Taught yourself a new language, framework, or tool without taking a formal course | The official documentation and/or standards for the technology;A book or e-book from O’Reilly, Apress, or a similar publisher;Questions & answers on Stack Overflow;The technology’s online help system | NA | NA | Disagree | Disagree | Strongly disagree | C#;JavaScript;SQL;TypeScript;HTML;CSS;Bash/Shell | C#;JavaScript;SQL;TypeScript;HTML;CSS;Bash/Shell | SQL Server;Microsoft Azure (Tables, CosmosDB, SQL, etc) | SQL Server;Microsoft Azure (Tables, CosmosDB, SQL, etc) | Azure | Azure | NA | Angular;.NET Core;React | Visual Studio;Visual Studio Code | Windows | 2 | Agile;Kanban;Scrum | Git | Multiple times per day | Yes | Yes | The ad-blocking software was causing display issues on a website | Neither agree nor disagree | Somewhat agree | Somewhat agree | Stopped going to a website because of their advertising | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | Artificial intelligence surpassing human intelligence ("the singularity") | Artificial intelligence surpassing human intelligence ("the singularity") | A governmental or other regulatory body | I don't care about it, or I haven't thought about it. | No | Yes, but only within the company | Upper management at the company/organization | Yes | 10 (Very Likely) | A few times per week | Yes | A few times per month or weekly | Yes | No, I have one but it's out of date | 8 | Yes | Somewhat interested | Somewhat interested | Somewhat interested | Somewhat interested | Somewhat interested | Between 6:01 - 7:00 AM | 9 - 12 hours | Less than 30 minutes | 3 - 4 times per week | NA | I don't typically exercise | Male | Straight or heterosexual | Some college/university study without earning a degree | White or of European descent | 35 - 44 years old | No | No | The survey was an appropriate length | Somewhat easy |
6 | 7 | Yes | No | South Africa | Yes, part-time | Employed full-time | Some college/university study without earning a degree | Computer science, computer engineering, or software engineering | 10,000 or more employees | Data or business analyst;Desktop or enterprise applications developer;Game or graphics developer;QA or test developer;Student | 6-8 years | 0-2 years | Slightly satisfied | Moderately satisfied | Working in a different or more specialized technical role than the one I'm in now | I’m not actively looking, but I am open to new opportunities | Between 1 and 2 years ago | 8 | 5 | 7 | 1 | 2 | 6 | 4 | 3 | 10 | 9 | 1 | 10 | 2 | 4 | 8 | 3 | 11 | 7 | 5 | 9 | 6 | 2 | 1 | 4 | 5 | 3 | 7 | 3 | 6 | 2 | 1 | 4 | 5 | My job status or other personal status changed | South African rands (R) | 260000 | Yearly | 21426 | ZAR | Office / productivity suite (Microsoft Office, Google Suite, etc.) | Three to six months | Taken a part-time in-person course in programming or software development;Received on-the-job training in software development;Taught yourself a new language, framework, or tool without taking a formal course | The official documentation and/or standards for the technology;A book or e-book from O’Reilly, Apress, or a similar publisher;Questions & answers on Stack Overflow | NA | NA | Strongly agree | Agree | Strongly disagree | C;C++;Java;Matlab;R;SQL;Bash/Shell | Assembly;C;C++;Matlab;SQL;Bash/Shell | SQL Server;PostgreSQL;Oracle;IBM Db2 | PostgreSQL;Oracle;IBM Db2 | Arduino;Windows Desktop or Server | Arduino;Windows Desktop or Server | NA | NA | Notepad++;Visual Studio;Visual Studio Code | Windows | 2 | Evidence-based software engineering;Formal standard such as ISO 9001 or IEEE 12207 (aka “waterfall” methodologies) | Zip file back-ups | Weekly or a few times per month | No | NA | NA | Somewhat agree | Somewhat agree | Somewhat disagree | Clicked on an online advertisement;Saw an online advertisement and then researched it (without clicking on the ad) | 2 | 3 | 4 | 6 | 1 | 7 | 5 | Algorithms making important decisions | Algorithms making important decisions | The developers or the people creating the AI | I'm excited about the possibilities more than worried about the dangers. | No | Yes, but only within the company | Upper management at the company/organization | Yes | 10 (Very Likely) | Daily or almost daily | Yes | Less than once per month or monthly | No, I knew that Stack Overflow had a jobs board but have never used or visited it | No, I know what it is but I don't have one | NA | Yes | Extremely interested | Extremely interested | Extremely interested | Extremely interested | Extremely interested | Before 5:00 AM | Over 12 hours | 1 - 2 hours | Never | NA | 3 - 4 times per week | Male | Straight or heterosexual | Some college/university study without earning a degree | White or of European descent | 18 - 24 years old | Yes | NA | The survey was an appropriate length | Somewhat easy |
7 | 8 | Yes | No | United Kingdom | No | Employed full-time | Bachelor’s degree (BA, BS, B.Eng., etc.) | Computer science, computer engineering, or software engineering | 10 to 19 employees | Back-end developer;Database administrator;Front-end developer;Full-stack developer | 6-8 years | 3-5 years | Moderately satisfied | Slightly satisfied | Working in a different or more specialized technical role than the one I'm in now | I am actively looking for a job | Between 2 and 4 years ago | 8 | 5 | 4 | 9 | 1 | 3 | 6 | 2 | 10 | 7 | 1 | 3 | 4 | 10 | 9 | 2 | 6 | 5 | 11 | 7 | 8 | 4 | 2 | 5 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 6 | 7 | 3 | 1 | 5 | 4 | I did not receive an expected change in compensation | British pounds sterling (£) | 30000 | NA | 41671 | GBP | Confluence;Jira;Office / productivity suite (Microsoft Office, Google Suite, etc.);Other chat system (IRC, proprietary software, etc.) | Less than a month | Received on-the-job training in software development;Taught yourself a new language, framework, or tool without taking a formal course;Participated in online coding competitions (e.g. HackerRank, CodeChef, TopCoder) | The official documentation and/or standards for the technology;Online developer communities other than Stack Overflow (ex. forums, listservs, IRC channels, etc.) | NA | To improve my general technical skills or programming ability;To improve my knowledge of a specific programming language, framework, or other technology;Because I find it enjoyable | Disagree | Neither Agree nor Disagree | Strongly disagree | Java;JavaScript;Python;TypeScript;HTML;CSS | C#;Go;Java;JavaScript;Python;SQL;TypeScript;HTML;CSS | MongoDB | PostgreSQL | Linux | Linux | Angular;Node.js | Node.js | IntelliJ;PyCharm;Visual Studio Code | Linux-based | 2 | Agile | Git | A few times per week | Yes | Yes | I wanted to support the website I was visiting by viewing their ads | Somewhat agree | Somewhat agree | Somewhat disagree | Saw an online advertisement and then researched it (without clicking on the ad);Stopped going to a website because of their advertising | 1 | 3 | 4 | 2 | 7 | 5 | 6 | Increasing automation of jobs | Algorithms making important decisions | A governmental or other regulatory body | I'm excited about the possibilities more than worried about the dangers. | Depends on what it is | Depends on what it is | Upper management at the company/organization | Unsure / I don't know | 7 | A few times per month or weekly | Yes | Less than once per month or monthly | Yes | No, I have one but it's out of date | 8 | No | A little bit interested | Not at all interested | Very interested | Very interested | Extremely interested | Between 7:01 - 8:00 AM | 9 - 12 hours | 30 - 59 minutes | 1 - 2 times per week | NA | 1 - 2 times per week | Male | Straight or heterosexual | Secondary school (e.g. American high school, German Realschule or Gymnasium, etc.) | White or of European descent | 18 - 24 years old | No | NA | The survey was an appropriate length | Somewhat easy |
8 | 9 | Yes | Yes | United States | No | Employed full-time | Some college/university study without earning a degree | Computer science, computer engineering, or software engineering | 10,000 or more employees | Back-end developer;Front-end developer;Full-stack developer | 9-11 years | 0-2 years | Slightly satisfied | Moderately satisfied | Working as a founder or co-founder of my own company | I’m not actively looking, but I am open to new opportunities | Less than a year ago | 5 | 3 | 9 | 4 | 1 | 8 | 2 | 7 | 10 | 6 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 9 | 11 | 4 | 8 | 6 | 7 | 10 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 5 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 5 | 3 | 4 | 2 | 6 | 7 | My job status or other personal status changed | U.S. dollars ($) | 120000 | Yearly | 120000 | USD | Confluence;Office / productivity suite (Microsoft Office, Google Suite, etc.);Stack Overflow Enterprise;Other chat system (IRC, proprietary software, etc.);Other wiki tool (Github, Google Sites, proprietary software, etc.) | Six to nine months | Received on-the-job training in software development;Taught yourself a new language, framework, or tool without taking a formal course | The official documentation and/or standards for the technology;Questions & answers on Stack Overflow;Online developer communities other than Stack Overflow (ex. forums, listservs, IRC channels, etc.) | NA | NA | Disagree | Agree | Strongly disagree | JavaScript;HTML;CSS | C;Go;JavaScript;Python;HTML;CSS | MongoDB | NA | Linux | Linux | Node.js;React | React;TensorFlow | Atom;Visual Studio Code | MacOS | 2 | Agile;Scrum | Git | Multiple times per day | Yes | Yes | The ad-blocking software was causing display issues on a website | Somewhat disagree | Neither agree nor disagree | Somewhat disagree | Clicked on an online advertisement;Stopped going to a website because of their advertising | 1 | 4 | 2 | 5 | 3 | 7 | 6 | Algorithms making important decisions | Artificial intelligence surpassing human intelligence ("the singularity") | The developers or the people creating the AI | I'm excited about the possibilities more than worried about the dangers. | Depends on what it is | Yes, but only within the company | Upper management at the company/organization | Yes | 10 (Very Likely) | Multiple times per day | Yes | I have never participated in Q&A on Stack Overflow | Yes | No, I have one but it's out of date | 7 | No | Very interested | A little bit interested | Extremely interested | Very interested | Very interested | Between 9:01 - 10:00 AM | Over 12 hours | Less than 30 minutes | 1 - 2 times per week | NA | I don't typically exercise | Male | Straight or heterosexual | Master’s degree (MA, MS, M.Eng., MBA, etc.) | White or of European descent | 18 - 24 years old | No | No | The survey was an appropriate length | Somewhat easy |
9 | 10 | Yes | Yes | Nigeria | No | Employed full-time | Bachelor’s degree (BA, BS, B.Eng., etc.) | Computer science, computer engineering, or software engineering | 10 to 19 employees | Designer;Front-end developer;QA or test developer | 0-2 years | 3-5 years | Slightly satisfied | Moderately satisfied | Working as a founder or co-founder of my own company | I’m not actively looking, but I am open to new opportunities | Less than a year ago | 6 | 5 | 4 | 2 | 7 | 8 | 10 | 1 | 9 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 5 | 7 | 6 | 2 | 11 | 9 | 4 | 10 | 8 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 4 | 5 | 2 | 6 | 1 | 3 | 7 | 5 | 4 | I saw an employer’s advertisement | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | Facebook;Google Hangouts/Chat;Office / productivity suite (Microsoft Office, Google Suite, etc.);Slack;Trello;Other wiki tool (Github, Google Sites, proprietary software, etc.) | One to three months | Taken an online course in programming or software development (e.g. a MOOC);Participated in a full-time developer training program or bootcamp;Received on-the-job training in software development;Participated in online coding competitions (e.g. HackerRank, CodeChef, TopCoder);Contributed to open source software | NA | Immediately after graduating | To improve my general technical skills or programming ability;To improve my knowledge of a specific programming language, framework, or other technology;To improve my ability to work on a team with other programmers;Because I find it enjoyable | Strongly agree | Strongly disagree | Neither Agree nor Disagree | JavaScript;TypeScript;HTML;CSS | Matlab;SQL;Kotlin;Bash/Shell | MongoDB;MySQL;Microsoft Azure (Tables, CosmosDB, SQL, etc);Google Cloud Storage | NA | Azure;Heroku | Amazon Echo;Android;Apple Watch or Apple TV;AWS;Google Cloud Platform/App Engine;Google Home;iOS;WordPress;Firebase | Angular;Node.js | .NET Core;Django | Atom;Notepad++;Sublime Text;Visual Studio Code | Windows | 1 | Agile;Extreme programming (XP);Scrum | Git | Multiple times per day | Yes | No | NA | Strongly agree | Neither agree nor disagree | Strongly disagree | Saw an online advertisement and then researched it (without clicking on the ad) | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | Artificial intelligence surpassing human intelligence ("the singularity") | Evolving definitions of "fairness" in algorithmic versus human decisions | NA | I'm excited about the possibilities more than worried about the dangers. | Depends on what it is | Yes, but only within the company | The developer who wrote it | Yes | 10 (Very Likely) | Daily or almost daily | Yes | A few times per month or weekly | No, I knew that Stack Overflow had a jobs board but have never used or visited it | No, and I don't know what that is | NA | Yes | Very interested | Very interested | Very interested | A little bit interested | Extremely interested | I do not have a set schedule | Over 12 hours | 1 - 2 hours | Daily or almost every day | NA | 1 - 2 times per week | Female | NA | Primary/elementary school | Black or of African descent | 25 - 34 years old | No | NA | The survey was too long | Somewhat difficult |
10 | 11 | Yes | Yes | United States | No | Employed full-time | Some college/university study without earning a degree | Fine arts or performing arts (ex. graphic design, music, studio art) | 100 to 499 employees | Back-end developer;C-suite executive (CEO, CTO, etc.);Data or business analyst;Database administrator;DevOps specialist;Engineering manager;Full-stack developer;System administrator | 30 or more years | 21-23 years | Moderately satisfied | Moderately satisfied | Doing the same work | I’m not actively looking, but I am open to new opportunities | Between 2 and 4 years ago | 6 | 3 | 7 | 4 | 1 | 5 | 10 | 8 | 9 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 9 | 11 | 5 | 8 | 4 | 10 | 7 | 6 | 5 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 7 | 2 | 4 | 1 | 6 | 5 | My job status or other personal status changed | U.S. dollars ($) | 250000 | Yearly | 250000 | USD | Confluence;HipChat;Jira;Office / productivity suite (Microsoft Office, Google Suite, etc.) | Three to six months | Taken an online course in programming or software development (e.g. a MOOC);Taught yourself a new language, framework, or tool without taking a formal course;Participated in a hackathon;Contributed to open source software | The official documentation and/or standards for the technology;A book or e-book from O’Reilly, Apress, or a similar publisher;A college/university computer science or software engineering book;Online developer communities other than Stack Overflow (ex. forums, listservs, IRC channels, etc.);Tapping your network of friends, family, and peers versed in the technology;The technology’s online help system | NA | Because I find it enjoyable | Strongly agree | Strongly disagree | Strongly disagree | Assembly;CoffeeScript;Erlang;Go;JavaScript;Lua;Python;Ruby;SQL;HTML;CSS;Bash/Shell | Erlang;Go;Python;Rust;SQL | Redis;PostgreSQL;Amazon DynamoDB;Apache HBase;Apache Hive;Amazon Redshift;Amazon RDS/Aurora;Elasticsearch | Redis;PostgreSQL;Amazon DynamoDB;Apache Hive;Amazon RDS/Aurora;Neo4j | Amazon Echo;AWS;iOS;Linux;Mac OS;Serverless | AWS;Linux;Mac OS;Serverless | Hadoop;Node.js;React;Spark | NA | IntelliJ;PyCharm;Sublime Text;Vim | MacOS | 1 | Agile;Evidence-based software engineering;Extreme programming (XP);Formal standard such as ISO 9001 or IEEE 12207 (aka “waterfall” methodologies);Kanban;Lean;Pair programming;Scrum | Git | Multiple times per day | No | NA | NA | Neither agree nor disagree | Somewhat agree | Neither agree nor disagree | Clicked on an online advertisement;Saw an online advertisement and then researched it (without clicking on the ad);Stopped going to a website because of their advertising | 1 | 3 | 5 | 4 | 2 | 7 | 6 | Algorithms making important decisions | Artificial intelligence surpassing human intelligence ("the singularity") | The developers or the people creating the AI | I'm worried about the dangers more than I'm excited about the possibilities. | No | Yes, and publicly | The person who came up with the idea | Yes | 7 | A few times per month or weekly | Yes | Less than once per month or monthly | Yes | Yes | 7 | No | Not at all interested | Not at all interested | Not at all interested | Not at all interested | Not at all interested | Between 8:01 - 9:00 AM | 9 - 12 hours | Less than 30 minutes | 1 - 2 times per week | Standing desk;Fatigue-relieving floor mat | I don't typically exercise | Male | Straight or heterosexual | Some college/university study without earning a degree | White or of European descent | 35 - 44 years old | Yes | No | The survey was an appropriate length | Very easy |
11 | 16 | No | Yes | India | No | Employed full-time | Bachelor’s degree (BA, BS, B.Eng., etc.) | Computer science, computer engineering, or software engineering | 500 to 999 employees | Designer | 0-2 years | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
12 | 17 | Yes | No | Spain | No | Employed full-time | Master’s degree (MA, MS, M.Eng., MBA, etc.) | Information systems, information technology, or system administration | 1,000 to 4,999 employees | Back-end developer;Database administrator;Mobile developer;System administrator | 6-8 years | 0-2 years | Moderately dissatisfied | Moderately dissatisfied | Doing the same work | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
13 | 18 | Yes | Yes | India | No | Employed full-time | Bachelor’s degree (BA, BS, B.Eng., etc.) | Another engineering discipline (ex. civil, electrical, mechanical) | 100 to 499 employees | Back-end developer;Front-end developer;Full-stack developer | 0-2 years | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | 7 | A few times per week | Yes | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
14 | 19 | Yes | No | Croatia | NA | Employed full-time | Some college/university study without earning a degree | Computer science, computer engineering, or software engineering | 20 to 99 employees | Back-end developer;Front-end developer | 0-2 years | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | 10 (Very Likely) | A few times per week | I'm not sure / I can't remember | NA | No, I knew that Stack Overflow had a jobs board but have never used or visited it | NA | NA | Yes | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
15 | 20 | No | No | India | No | Employed full-time | Bachelor’s degree (BA, BS, B.Eng., etc.) | Another engineering discipline (ex. civil, electrical, mechanical) | 20 to 99 employees | Back-end developer;Full-stack developer | 3-5 years | 3-5 years | Extremely satisfied | Moderately satisfied | Working as an engineering manager or other functional manager | I’m not actively looking, but I am open to new opportunities | Less than a year ago | 6 | 9 | 2 | 4 | 3 | 5 | 8 | 7 | 10 | 1 | 5 | 2 | 1 | 11 | 6 | 8 | 10 | 4 | 7 | 3 | 9 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | Java | Java;Python | MongoDB;MySQL;Oracle;MariaDB;Elasticsearch | MongoDB;MySQL;Oracle;MariaDB;Apache HBase;Elasticsearch | Linux | Linux | Spring | Hadoop;Spark;Spring | Eclipse;NetBeans | Linux-based | More than 4 | Agile | Git | Multiple times per day | Yes | No | NA | Strongly agree | NA | NA | Stopped going to a website because of their advertising | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | Increasing automation of jobs | Algorithms making important decisions | The developers or the people creating the AI | I'm excited about the possibilities more than worried about the dangers. | Depends on what it is | Yes, but only within the company | The developer who wrote it | Yes | 10 (Very Likely) | Multiple times per day | Yes | Daily or almost daily | Yes | No, and I don't know what that is | 10 (Very Likely) | Yes | Somewhat interested | Extremely interested | Extremely interested | A little bit interested | Somewhat interested | Between 6:01 - 7:00 AM | 5 - 8 hours | 1 - 2 hours | Never | Ergonomic keyboard or mouse | I don't typically exercise | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
16 | 21 | No | No | Netherlands | Yes, full-time | Employed full-time | Secondary school (e.g. American high school, German Realschule or Gymnasium, etc.) | NA | 20 to 99 employees | Back-end developer;Front-end developer;Student | 0-2 years | 0-2 years | Neither satisfied nor dissatisfied | Moderately dissatisfied | Working in a career completely unrelated to software development | I’m not actively looking, but I am open to new opportunities | Between 2 and 4 years ago | 1 | 9 | 2 | 10 | 6 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 7 | 8 | 2 | 3 | 6 | 11 | 9 | 8 | 10 | 4 | 5 | 7 | 1 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 4 | 1 | 2 | 6 | 7 | 3 | 4 | 5 | My job status or other personal status changed | Euros (€) | 0 | Monthly | 0 | EUR | NA | Less than a month | Received on-the-job training in software development | NA | NA | NA | Disagree | Strongly disagree | Strongly agree | Java;JavaScript;PHP;VB.NET;HTML;CSS | NA | SQL Server;MySQL | NA | Windows Desktop or Server | NA | NA | NA | Notepad++;Visual Studio | Windows | 2 | Agile;Scrum | Copying and pasting files to network shares | Never | No | NA | NA | Strongly agree | Somewhat agree | Neither agree nor disagree | Clicked on an online advertisement | 4 | 5 | 6 | 2 | 1 | 7 | 3 | Artificial intelligence surpassing human intelligence ("the singularity") | NA | The developers or the people creating the AI | I'm worried about the dangers more than I'm excited about the possibilities. | No | Yes, and publicly | The person who came up with the idea | Yes | 8 | Daily or almost daily | Yes | Less than once per month or monthly | No, I knew that Stack Overflow had a jobs board but have never used or visited it | No, and I don't know what that is | NA | No | Not at all interested | Not at all interested | Not at all interested | Not at all interested | Not at all interested | Between 6:01 - 7:00 AM | 9 - 12 hours | 1 - 2 hours | Never | NA | Daily or almost every day | Male | NA | Associate degree | White or of European descent | 18 - 24 years old | No | NA | The survey was an appropriate length | Neither easy nor difficult |
17 | 22 | Yes | No | Israel | No | Employed full-time | Master’s degree (MA, MS, M.Eng., MBA, etc.) | Fine arts or performing arts (ex. graphic design, music, studio art) | 5,000 to 9,999 employees | Full-stack developer | 3-5 years | 3-5 years | Moderately dissatisfied | Extremely dissatisfied | Working in a different or more specialized technical role than the one I'm in now | I’m not actively looking, but I am open to new opportunities | Between 2 and 4 years ago | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | 10 (Very Likely) | Multiple times per day | No | NA | No, I knew that Stack Overflow had a jobs board but have never used or visited it | NA | NA | No | A little bit interested | A little bit interested | Not at all interested | Not at all interested | Not at all interested | Between 5:00 - 6:00 AM | 9 - 12 hours | 1 - 2 hours | Never | NA | 3 - 4 times per week | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
18 | 26 | No | No | United States | Yes, full-time | Employed part-time | Bachelor’s degree (BA, BS, B.Eng., etc.) | Computer science, computer engineering, or software engineering | 1,000 to 4,999 employees | Student | 0-2 years | NA | NA | NA | NA | I am actively looking for a job | Less than a year ago | 5 | 7 | 4 | 8 | 2 | 6 | 9 | 1 | 10 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 10 | 11 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 9 | 8 | 3 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | 10 (Very Likely) | Daily or almost daily | Yes | I have never participated in Q&A on Stack Overflow | No, I knew that Stack Overflow had a jobs board but have never used or visited it | No, I know what it is but I don't have one | NA | Yes | Very interested | Very interested | Very interested | Very interested | Very interested | Between 9:01 - 10:00 AM | 5 - 8 hours | 30 - 59 minutes | Never | Standing desk | 3 - 4 times per week | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
19 | 27 | Yes | No | Sweden | No | Employed full-time | Master’s degree (MA, MS, M.Eng., MBA, etc.) | A business discipline (ex. accounting, finance, marketing) | 10 to 19 employees | Back-end developer | 6-8 years | 0-2 years | Moderately satisfied | Moderately satisfied | Working in a different or more specialized technical role than the one I'm in now | I’m not actively looking, but I am open to new opportunities | Between 1 and 2 years ago | 9 | 4 | 10 | 3 | 1 | 6 | 5 | 2 | 7 | 8 | 1 | 8 | 9 | 4 | 11 | 3 | 5 | 6 | 10 | 7 | 2 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | 7 | 6 | 1 | 5 | 3 | 4 | 2 | A friend told me about a job opportunity | Swedish kroner (SEK) | 32000 | Monthly | 47904 | SEK | Confluence;Jira | Three to six months | Taken an online course in programming or software development (e.g. a MOOC);Taught yourself a new language, framework, or tool without taking a formal course;Participated in online coding competitions (e.g. HackerRank, CodeChef, TopCoder) | A book or e-book from O’Reilly, Apress, or a similar publisher | NA | To improve my general technical skills or programming ability | Neither Agree nor Disagree | Agree | Disagree | C#;SQL;HTML;CSS;Bash/Shell | C#;F#;Haskell;SQL;Ocaml | SQL Server | Redis;SQL Server;PostgreSQL;Elasticsearch | Linux;Windows Desktop or Server | Linux;Windows Desktop or Server | .NET Core | .NET Core | Visual Studio;Visual Studio Code | Windows | 1 | Agile | Git | Multiple times per day | Yes | Yes | The website I was visiting forced me to disable it to access their content | Strongly disagree | Strongly disagree | Strongly agree | NA | 3 | 2 | 4 | 7 | 5 | 6 | 1 | NA | NA | A governmental or other regulatory body | I don't care about it, or I haven't thought about it. | No | Yes, and publicly | NA | Yes | 10 (Very Likely) | Multiple times per day | Yes | Less than once per month or monthly | Yes | Yes | 6 | No | Not at all interested | Not at all interested | Not at all interested | Very interested | Somewhat interested | Between 7:01 - 8:00 AM | 9 - 12 hours | 30 - 59 minutes | Never | NA | 3 - 4 times per week | Male | NA | Bachelor’s degree (BA, BS, B.Eng., etc.) | White or of European descent | 35 - 44 years old | Yes | NA | The survey was too long | Somewhat difficult |
20 | 29 | Yes | Yes | India | Yes, full-time | Employed full-time | Bachelor’s degree (BA, BS, B.Eng., etc.) | NA | 10,000 or more employees | Data or business analyst;Data scientist or machine learning specialist;Database administrator;DevOps specialist | 0-2 years | 3-5 years | Slightly satisfied | Extremely satisfied | Doing the same work | I’m not actively looking, but I am open to new opportunities | Between 1 and 2 years ago | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | A recruiter contacted me | NA | NA | Monthly | NA | NA | NA | NA | Contributed to open source software | NA | NA | NA | Strongly agree | Strongly agree | Strongly agree | C;C++;C# | Python;R | NA | Redis;PostgreSQL;Oracle | NA | Azure;ESP8266;Gaming console | Angular | Django | Android Studio;Coda;Xcode | Windows | More than 4 | Agile | Git | Never | I'm not sure/I don't know | NA | NA | Strongly disagree | Strongly disagree | Strongly disagree | Clicked on an online advertisement;Saw an online advertisement and then researched it (without clicking on the ad);Stopped going to a website because of their advertising;Paid to access a website advertisement-free | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | Increasing automation of jobs | Evolving definitions of "fairness" in algorithmic versus human decisions | The developers or the people creating the AI | I'm worried about the dangers more than I'm excited about the possibilities. | No | No | The developer who wrote it | No | 10 (Very Likely) | Multiple times per day | I'm not sure / I can't remember | NA | Yes | NA | 10 (Very Likely) | I'm not sure | NA | NA | NA | NA | Extremely interested | I do not have a set schedule | 9 - 12 hours | 1 - 2 hours | 3 - 4 times per week | Fatigue-relieving floor mat | Daily or almost every day | Female | NA | Some college/university study without earning a degree | NA | NA | NA | NA | The survey was too long | Very difficult |
21 | 31 | Yes | Yes | Chile | Yes, full-time | Employed part-time | Bachelor’s degree (BA, BS, B.Eng., etc.) | A business discipline (ex. accounting, finance, marketing) | Fewer than 10 employees | Back-end developer;Front-end developer;Full-stack developer;QA or test developer;Student | 3-5 years | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | 10 (Very Likely) | Daily or almost daily | Yes | I have never participated in Q&A on Stack Overflow | No, I knew that Stack Overflow had a jobs board but have never used or visited it | No, I have one but it's out of date | NA | No | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | Between 7:01 - 8:00 AM | 9 - 12 hours | 30 - 59 minutes | 1 - 2 times per week | Standing desk;Ergonomic keyboard or mouse | 1 - 2 times per week | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
22 | 33 | Yes | Yes | Australia | No | Employed full-time | Bachelor’s degree (BA, BS, B.Eng., etc.) | Another engineering discipline (ex. civil, electrical, mechanical) | 1,000 to 4,999 employees | Database administrator;Full-stack developer;Mobile developer | 15-17 years | 12-14 years | Slightly satisfied | Slightly dissatisfied | Working in a different or more specialized technical role than the one I'm in now | I’m not actively looking, but I am open to new opportunities | Between 2 and 4 years ago | 7 | 4 | 10 | 2 | 1 | 5 | 3 | 6 | 9 | 8 | 3 | 1 | 6 | 4 | 5 | 8 | 9 | 7 | 2 | 11 | 10 | 2 | 1 | 4 | 3 | 5 | 7 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 2 | 1 | 6 | I saw an employer’s advertisement | Australian dollars (A$) | 120000 | Yearly | 95968 | AUD | Confluence;Jira;Office / productivity suite (Microsoft Office, Google Suite, etc.);Slack | Less than a month | Taken an online course in programming or software development (e.g. a MOOC);Taken a part-time in-person course in programming or software development;Received on-the-job training in software development;Taught yourself a new language, framework, or tool without taking a formal course;Participated in online coding competitions (e.g. HackerRank, CodeChef, TopCoder);Contributed to open source software | The official documentation and/or standards for the technology;A college/university computer science or software engineering book;Questions & answers on Stack Overflow;Online developer communities other than Stack Overflow (ex. forums, listservs, IRC channels, etc.);The technology’s online help system | NA | To improve my general technical skills or programming ability;To build my professional network;To help me find new job opportunities;Because I find it enjoyable | Agree | Neither Agree nor Disagree | Strongly disagree | C;C++;Go;Python;SQL;Swift | C;C++;Go;Python;SQL;Swift;Kotlin | Redis;PostgreSQL;SQLite | Redis;PostgreSQL;SQLite;Google BigQuery | Android;AWS;iOS;Linux;Mac OS;Firebase | Android;AWS;Google Cloud Platform/App Engine;iOS;Linux;Mac OS;Firebase | Angular;Node.js | Angular;Node.js;TensorFlow | Android Studio;Sublime Text;Visual Studio Code;Xcode | MacOS | 1 | Agile;Extreme programming (XP);Formal standard such as ISO 9001 or IEEE 12207 (aka “waterfall” methodologies);Scrum | Git | Multiple times per day | Yes | Yes | The ad-blocking software was causing display issues on a website | Somewhat disagree | Neither agree nor disagree | Somewhat agree | NA | 2 | 3 | 1 | 7 | 6 | 4 | 5 | Increasing automation of jobs | Artificial intelligence surpassing human intelligence ("the singularity") | Prominent industry leaders | I'm excited about the possibilities more than worried about the dangers. | No | Yes, but only within the company | The developer who wrote it | Yes | 9 | Daily or almost daily | Yes | Less than once per month or monthly | Yes | No, I know what it is but I don't have one | 6 | No | A little bit interested | Not at all interested | Somewhat interested | Somewhat interested | A little bit interested | Between 6:01 - 7:00 AM | 9 - 12 hours | 30 - 59 minutes | Never | Ergonomic keyboard or mouse | 3 - 4 times per week | Male | Straight or heterosexual | Bachelor’s degree (BA, BS, B.Eng., etc.) | NA | 35 - 44 years old | Yes | NA | The survey was too long | Neither easy nor difficult |
23 | 34 | Yes | No | United States | No | Employed full-time | Bachelor’s degree (BA, BS, B.Eng., etc.) | NA | 500 to 999 employees | Back-end developer;Desktop or enterprise applications developer;QA or test developer | 24-26 years | 24-26 years | Extremely satisfied | Moderately satisfied | Working in a different or more specialized technical role than the one I'm in now | I’m not actively looking, but I am open to new opportunities | More than 4 years ago | 3 | 4 | 6 | 7 | 1 | 8 | 5 | 2 | 9 | 10 | 2 | 4 | 1 | 11 | 7 | 3 | 8 | 5 | 9 | 6 | 10 | 2 | 1 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 5 | 4 | 7 | 6 | My job status or other personal status changed | U.S. dollars ($) | NA | Monthly | NA | USD | Confluence;Jira;Office / productivity suite (Microsoft Office, Google Suite, etc.);Slack | Three to six months | Taken an online course in programming or software development (e.g. a MOOC);Taken a part-time in-person course in programming or software development;Received on-the-job training in software development;Taught yourself a new language, framework, or tool without taking a formal course | The official documentation and/or standards for the technology;A book or e-book from O’Reilly, Apress, or a similar publisher;Questions & answers on Stack Overflow;Online developer communities other than Stack Overflow (ex. forums, listservs, IRC channels, etc.);Pre-scheduled tutoring or mentoring sessions with a friend or colleague;The technology’s online help system | NA | NA | Strongly agree | Strongly disagree | Disagree | C;C++;C#;Groovy;JavaScript;Python;SQL;HTML;CSS;Bash/Shell | C;C++;JavaScript;Python;HTML;CSS;Bash/Shell | SQL Server;MySQL;SQLite | MySQL;SQLite;Elasticsearch | Linux;Mac OS;Windows Desktop or Server | Linux;Mac OS;Windows Desktop or Server | Django | Django;Node.js | Visual Studio;Visual Studio Code | MacOS | 3 | Agile;Scrum | Git;Subversion | Multiple times per day | No | NA | NA | Somewhat agree | Somewhat agree | Somewhat disagree | Clicked on an online advertisement;Saw an online advertisement and then researched it (without clicking on the ad);Paid to access a website advertisement-free | 1 | 3 | 2 | 4 | 7 | 5 | 6 | Artificial intelligence surpassing human intelligence ("the singularity") | Increasing automation of jobs | The developers or the people creating the AI | I'm worried about the dangers more than I'm excited about the possibilities. | No | Yes, but only within the company | Upper management at the company/organization | Yes | 10 (Very Likely) | Daily or almost daily | Yes | A few times per month or weekly | Yes | No, I know what it is but I don't have one | 7 | Yes | Somewhat interested | A little bit interested | Not at all interested | Somewhat interested | Very interested | Between 6:01 - 7:00 AM | 5 - 8 hours | 1 - 2 hours | NA | Ergonomic keyboard or mouse | Daily or almost every day | Male | Straight or heterosexual | Bachelor’s degree (BA, BS, B.Eng., etc.) | White or of European descent | 45 - 54 years old | Yes | No | The survey was too long | Very easy |
24 | 37 | No | No | United Kingdom | No | Employed full-time | Bachelor’s degree (BA, BS, B.Eng., etc.) | Computer science, computer engineering, or software engineering | 20 to 99 employees | Back-end developer;Database administrator;Designer;Desktop or enterprise applications developer;Front-end developer;Full-stack developer | 9-11 years | 6-8 years | Slightly satisfied | Neither satisfied nor dissatisfied | Working as a product manager or project manager | I am not interested in new job opportunities | More than 4 years ago | 3 | 9 | 10 | 6 | 8 | 7 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 5 | 1 | 9 | 10 | 5 | 3 | 11 | 8 | 2 | 7 | 6 | 4 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | A friend told me about a job opportunity | British pounds sterling (£) | 25 | Monthly | 420 | GBP | Office / productivity suite (Microsoft Office, Google Suite, etc.) | Less than a month | Taught yourself a new language, framework, or tool without taking a formal course | Questions & answers on Stack Overflow | NA | NA | Agree | Neither Agree nor Disagree | Strongly disagree | C#;JavaScript;PHP;SQL;HTML;CSS | C#;JavaScript;PHP;SQL;HTML;CSS | MySQL | SQL Server;MySQL | Linux;Mac OS;Windows Desktop or Server | Linux;Mac OS;Windows Desktop or Server | .NET Core | .NET Core | Notepad++;Visual Studio;Visual Studio Code | Windows | 2 | Scrum | Copying and pasting files to network shares | Less than once per month | Yes | No | NA | Neither agree nor disagree | Neither agree nor disagree | Strongly disagree | Saw an online advertisement and then researched it (without clicking on the ad) | 1 | 6 | 2 | 3 | 5 | 4 | 7 | Algorithms making important decisions | Algorithms making important decisions | The developers or the people creating the AI | I'm excited about the possibilities more than worried about the dangers. | No | Depends on what it is | Upper management at the company/organization | Yes | 10 (Very Likely) | A few times per month or weekly | Yes | Less than once per month or monthly | No, I knew that Stack Overflow had a jobs board but have never used or visited it | No, I know what it is but I don't have one | NA | I'm not sure | Somewhat interested | Somewhat interested | Somewhat interested | Somewhat interested | Very interested | Between 7:01 - 8:00 AM | 5 - 8 hours | 30 - 59 minutes | Never | NA | Daily or almost every day | Male | Straight or heterosexual | Bachelor’s degree (BA, BS, B.Eng., etc.) | White or of European descent | 25 - 34 years old | No | NA | The survey was too long | Neither easy nor difficult |
25 | 38 | Yes | No | United States | No | Employed full-time | Some college/university study without earning a degree | NA | 10 to 19 employees | Back-end developer;Database administrator;DevOps specialist;Front-end developer;Full-stack developer;QA or test developer;System administrator | 18-20 years | 18-20 years | Slightly dissatisfied | Slightly dissatisfied | Working in a career completely unrelated to software development | I’m not actively looking, but I am open to new opportunities | Between 1 and 2 years ago | 10 | 9 | 7 | 1 | 3 | 5 | 2 | 6 | 4 | 8 | 1 | 8 | 3 | 6 | 10 | 4 | 9 | 5 | 7 | 11 | 2 | 4 | 1 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 6 | 7 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 5 | 4 | I had a negative experience or interaction at work | U.S. dollars ($) | 75000 | Yearly | 75000 | USD | Google Hangouts/Chat;Jira;Slack | Less than a month | Participated in a full-time developer training program or bootcamp;Completed an industry certification program (e.g. MCPD);Received on-the-job training in software development;Taught yourself a new language, framework, or tool without taking a formal course;Participated in a hackathon;Contributed to open source software | The official documentation and/or standards for the technology;Tapping your network of friends, family, and peers versed in the technology | I already had a full-time job as a developer when I began the program | To improve my general technical skills or programming ability;To win prizes or cash awards;Because I find it enjoyable | Strongly agree | Disagree | Neither Agree nor Disagree | JavaScript;PHP;SQL;HTML;CSS;Bash/Shell | PHP;Bash/Shell | MongoDB;MySQL;MariaDB;Amazon RDS/Aurora | MongoDB;MySQL;SQLite;MariaDB;Amazon DynamoDB;Amazon RDS/Aurora | NA | Android;Arduino;Google Home;Linux;Raspberry Pi | NA | NA | Atom;Notepad++;PHPStorm | MacOS | 3 | Agile;Kanban;Pair programming;Scrum | Git | Multiple times per day | No | NA | NA | Neither agree nor disagree | Neither agree nor disagree | Somewhat agree | Clicked on an online advertisement;Saw an online advertisement and then researched it (without clicking on the ad) | 1 | 7 | 3 | 2 | 5 | 4 | 6 | Artificial intelligence surpassing human intelligence ("the singularity") | Artificial intelligence surpassing human intelligence ("the singularity") | The developers or the people creating the AI | I'm excited about the possibilities more than worried about the dangers. | No | Depends on what it is | Upper management at the company/organization | Yes | 10 (Very Likely) | Daily or almost daily | Yes | Less than once per month or monthly | Yes | No, and I don't know what that is | 5 | No | A little bit interested | Somewhat interested | A little bit interested | A little bit interested | Somewhat interested | Between 7:01 - 8:00 AM | 5 - 8 hours | Less than 30 minutes | Daily or almost every day | NA | I don't typically exercise | Female;Male;Transgender;Non-binary, genderqueer, or gender non-conforming | NA | They never completed any formal education | White or of European descent | 45 - 54 years old | Yes | No | The survey was too long | Very easy |
26 | 39 | Yes | No | India | No | Employed full-time | Master’s degree (MA, MS, M.Eng., MBA, etc.) | Computer science, computer engineering, or software engineering | 100 to 499 employees | Mobile developer | 3-5 years | 3-5 years | Moderately satisfied | Moderately satisfied | Working as a founder or co-founder of my own company | I’m not actively looking, but I am open to new opportunities | Between 1 and 2 years ago | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | Indian rupees (₹) | 700000 | Yearly | 10958 | INR | Facebook;Google Hangouts/Chat;Jira;Office / productivity suite (Microsoft Office, Google Suite, etc.);Trello | Less than a month | Taken a part-time in-person course in programming or software development;Taught yourself a new language, framework, or tool without taking a formal course;Participated in online coding competitions (e.g. HackerRank, CodeChef, TopCoder) | NA | NA | NA | Agree | Neither Agree nor Disagree | Strongly disagree | C;C++;Java;JavaScript;SQL;Swift;Kotlin | Java;JavaScript;Swift;Kotlin | SQL Server;MySQL | MySQL | Android;iOS;Firebase | Android;iOS;Firebase | Angular;Cordova | Cordova | Android Studio;Eclipse;IntelliJ;Notepad++;Sublime Text;Visual Studio Code;Xcode | MacOS | 1 | Agile | Git | Multiple times per day | No | NA | NA | Somewhat agree | Strongly agree | Somewhat disagree | Clicked on an online advertisement;Saw an online advertisement and then researched it (without clicking on the ad);Stopped going to a website because of their advertising | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | Evolving definitions of "fairness" in algorithmic versus human decisions | Increasing automation of jobs | Prominent industry leaders | I'm excited about the possibilities more than worried about the dangers. | Yes | Yes, but only within the company | The developer who wrote it | Yes | 10 (Very Likely) | Daily or almost daily | Yes | Less than once per month or monthly | Yes | No, and I don't know what that is | 10 (Very Likely) | Yes | Somewhat interested | Extremely interested | Extremely interested | Very interested | Very interested | Between 6:01 - 7:00 AM | 9 - 12 hours | 1 - 2 hours | 1 - 2 times per week | Standing desk;Ergonomic keyboard or mouse | Daily or almost every day | Female;Male | NA | NA | NA | 25 - 34 years old | No | NA | The survey was too long | Very easy |
27 | 41 | Yes | Yes | Greece | Yes, full-time | Employed full-time | Master’s degree (MA, MS, M.Eng., MBA, etc.) | A natural science (ex. biology, chemistry, physics) | 20 to 99 employees | Full-stack developer | 9-11 years | 9-11 years | Slightly dissatisfied | Slightly dissatisfied | Working in a different or more specialized technical role than the one I'm in now | I’m not actively looking, but I am open to new opportunities | More than 4 years ago | 1 | 7 | 6 | 10 | 9 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 8 | 5 | 1 | 10 | 6 | 4 | 3 | 9 | 11 | 7 | 5 | 8 | 2 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | 1 | 5 | 4 | 2 | 7 | 6 | 3 | I saw an employer’s advertisement | Euros (€) | 3500 | Monthly | 51408 | EUR | Facebook;Google Hangouts/Chat | Three to six months | Taught yourself a new language, framework, or tool without taking a formal course;Contributed to open source software | The official documentation and/or standards for the technology;A book or e-book from O’Reilly, Apress, or a similar publisher;Questions & answers on Stack Overflow | NA | NA | Agree | Disagree | Neither Agree nor Disagree | Java;JavaScript;PHP;SQL;TypeScript;HTML;CSS | Python;Scala | NA | MongoDB;Elasticsearch | Android;Linux | NA | Angular;Node.js | NA | Android Studio;NetBeans;Visual Studio | Linux-based | 2 | Agile | Git;Subversion | Weekly or a few times per month | Yes | No | NA | Somewhat disagree | Somewhat disagree | Somewhat disagree | Stopped going to a website because of their advertising | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | Artificial intelligence surpassing human intelligence ("the singularity") | Algorithms making important decisions | A governmental or other regulatory body | I'm excited about the possibilities more than worried about the dangers. | No | Yes, but only within the company | Upper management at the company/organization | Yes | 10 (Very Likely) | Daily or almost daily | Yes | A few times per week | Yes | No, I have one but it's out of date | 9 | Yes | A little bit interested | Somewhat interested | Very interested | Somewhat interested | Very interested | Between 7:01 - 8:00 AM | 9 - 12 hours | 1 - 2 hours | Never | Standing desk | 3 - 4 times per week | Male | Straight or heterosexual | Bachelor’s degree (BA, BS, B.Eng., etc.) | White or of European descent | 35 - 44 years old | Yes | NA | The survey was too long | Very easy |
28 | 43 | Yes | Yes | Sweden | No | Employed full-time | Master’s degree (MA, MS, M.Eng., MBA, etc.) | Computer science, computer engineering, or software engineering | 1,000 to 4,999 employees | Front-end developer;Full-stack developer | 12-14 years | 12-14 years | Moderately satisfied | Slightly satisfied | Working in a different or more specialized technical role than the one I'm in now | I’m not actively looking, but I am open to new opportunities | More than 4 years ago | 6 | 7 | 10 | 4 | 2 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 9 | 8 | 1 | 4 | 8 | 5 | 11 | 7 | 6 | 9 | 2 | 10 | 3 | 5 | 3 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 7 | 3 | 1 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 2 | I saw an employer’s advertisement | Swedish kroner (SEK) | 582000 | Yearly | 72611 | SEK | Confluence;Facebook;Google Hangouts/Chat;Slack | One to three months | Taught yourself a new language, framework, or tool without taking a formal course;Participated in online coding competitions (e.g. HackerRank, CodeChef, TopCoder);Participated in a hackathon;Contributed to open source software | The official documentation and/or standards for the technology | NA | Because I find it enjoyable | Agree | Disagree | Disagree | C#;Java;JavaScript;PHP;SQL;HTML;CSS | JavaScript;HTML;CSS | Memcached;Google BigQuery | Memcached;Google BigQuery | NA | NA | Node.js;React | React | Visual Studio Code | MacOS | 2 | Agile;Scrum | Git | Multiple times per day | Yes | Yes | The website I was visiting forced me to disable it to access their content;The ad-blocking software was causing display issues on a website | Somewhat agree | Strongly agree | Somewhat disagree | Saw an online advertisement and then researched it (without clicking on the ad);Stopped going to a website because of their advertising | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | Evolving definitions of "fairness" in algorithmic versus human decisions | Increasing automation of jobs | A governmental or other regulatory body | I'm worried about the dangers more than I'm excited about the possibilities. | No | Yes, but only within the company | Upper management at the company/organization | Yes | 10 (Very Likely) | A few times per week | Yes | Less than once per month or monthly | Yes | Yes | 5 | No | Somewhat interested | A little bit interested | A little bit interested | Very interested | Somewhat interested | Between 7:01 - 8:00 AM | 5 - 8 hours | 1 - 2 hours | 1 - 2 times per week | Standing desk | 1 - 2 times per week | Male | Straight or heterosexual | Secondary school (e.g. American high school, German Realschule or Gymnasium, etc.) | Hispanic or Latino/Latina;White or of European descent | 25 - 34 years old | Yes | NA | The survey was an appropriate length | Somewhat easy |
29 | 44 | No | No | United States | No | Employed full-time | Bachelor’s degree (BA, BS, B.Eng., etc.) | A social science (ex. anthropology, psychology, political science) | 100 to 499 employees | Back-end developer;Full-stack developer | 3-5 years | 0-2 years | Moderately satisfied | Moderately satisfied | Working in a different or more specialized technical role than the one I'm in now | I am not interested in new job opportunities | Between 2 and 4 years ago | 7 | 10 | 8 | 1 | 4 | 5 | 2 | 3 | 6 | 9 | 1 | 5 | 3 | 9 | 10 | 2 | 7 | 8 | 11 | 6 | 4 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | A recruiter contacted me | U.S. dollars ($) | 75000 | Monthly | 9.00E+05 | USD | Slack;Other chat system (IRC, proprietary software, etc.) | Less than a month | Taken an online course in programming or software development (e.g. a MOOC);Participated in a full-time developer training program or bootcamp;Taught yourself a new language, framework, or tool without taking a formal course | The official documentation and/or standards for the technology;Online developer communities other than Stack Overflow (ex. forums, listservs, IRC channels, etc.) | Immediately after graduating | NA | Strongly agree | Agree | Strongly disagree | C#;JavaScript;SQL;HTML;CSS | C#;Java;JavaScript;Ruby;TypeScript;HTML;CSS | SQL Server;Microsoft Azure (Tables, CosmosDB, SQL, etc) | SQL Server;SQLite;Microsoft Azure (Tables, CosmosDB, SQL, etc) | Azure | Arduino;Azure;Raspberry Pi | NA | Angular;.NET Core;Node.js;React;Xamarin | Notepad++;Visual Studio;Visual Studio Code | Windows | 2 | Agile;Formal standard such as ISO 9001 or IEEE 12207 (aka “waterfall” methodologies);Scrum | Team Foundation Version Control | A few times per week | Yes | Yes | The website I was visiting forced me to disable it to access their content;The ad-blocking software was causing display issues on a website;The website I was visiting asked me to disable it;I wanted to support the website I was visiting by viewing their ads | Somewhat agree | Somewhat disagree | Strongly disagree | Saw an online advertisement and then researched it (without clicking on the ad);Stopped going to a website because of their advertising | 3 | 1 | 2 | 7 | 6 | 5 | 4 | Increasing automation of jobs | NA | Prominent industry leaders | I'm worried about the dangers more than I'm excited about the possibilities. | Depends on what it is | Depends on what it is | The person who came up with the idea | Unsure / I don't know | 10 (Very Likely) | Daily or almost daily | Yes | Less than once per month or monthly | Yes | No, I know what it is but I don't have one | 1 | Yes | Somewhat interested | Very interested | Not at all interested | Not at all interested | Somewhat interested | Between 7:01 - 8:00 AM | 5 - 8 hours | 30 - 59 minutes | 1 - 2 times per week | Standing desk | I don't typically exercise | Male | Straight or heterosexual | Master’s degree (MA, MS, M.Eng., MBA, etc.) | White or of European descent | 25 - 34 years old | No | No | The survey was too long | Very easy |
30 | 45 | Yes | Yes | United States | No | Employed full-time | Bachelor’s degree (BA, BS, B.Eng., etc.) | Computer science, computer engineering, or software engineering | 10,000 or more employees | Back-end developer;Data scientist or machine learning specialist;Desktop or enterprise applications developer;Front-end developer;Full-stack developer | 6-8 years | 3-5 years | Extremely satisfied | Extremely satisfied | Doing the same work | I am not interested in new job opportunities | Between 1 and 2 years ago | 2 | 1 | 5 | 7 | 3 | 4 | 10 | 6 | 9 | 8 | 1 | 10 | 3 | 6 | 2 | 4 | 11 | 9 | 5 | 8 | 7 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
31 | 46 | Yes | Yes | United Kingdom | No | Employed full-time | Bachelor’s degree (BA, BS, B.Eng., etc.) | Information systems, information technology, or system administration | Fewer than 10 employees | Back-end developer;Front-end developer;Full-stack developer;Mobile developer | 9-11 years | 6-8 years | Neither satisfied nor dissatisfied | Neither satisfied nor dissatisfied | Doing the same work | I’m not actively looking, but I am open to new opportunities | Between 2 and 4 years ago | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | A recruiter contacted me | British pounds sterling (£) | NA | NA | NA | NA | Jira;Other chat system (IRC, proprietary software, etc.);Other wiki tool (Github, Google Sites, proprietary software, etc.) | One to three months | Taken an online course in programming or software development (e.g. a MOOC);Participated in a full-time developer training program or bootcamp;Taught yourself a new language, framework, or tool without taking a formal course;Participated in a hackathon;Contributed to open source software | The technology’s online help system | I already had a full-time job as a developer when I began the program | Because I find it enjoyable | Disagree | Neither Agree nor Disagree | Neither Agree nor Disagree | C#;Java;JavaScript;PHP;TypeScript;HTML;CSS | C#;Java;JavaScript;PHP;TypeScript;HTML;CSS | MySQL;Google Cloud Storage | NA | Amazon Echo;Mac OS;WordPress;Firebase | Firebase | Angular;React | Angular;React;TensorFlow | NA | MacOS | 2 | NA | Git | Multiple times per day | Yes | No | NA | Neither agree nor disagree | Neither agree nor disagree | Strongly agree | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | Nobody | I don't care about it, or I haven't thought about it. | Yes | No | The developer who wrote it | No | 5 | A few times per month or weekly | Yes | Less than once per month or monthly | No, I didn't know that Stack Overflow had a jobs board | No, and I don't know what that is | NA | I'm not sure | Extremely interested | Somewhat interested | Somewhat interested | Very interested | Somewhat interested | Between 5:00 - 6:00 AM | 9 - 12 hours | 30 - 59 minutes | 1 - 2 times per week | NA | I don't typically exercise | NA | NA | Master’s degree (MA, MS, M.Eng., MBA, etc.) | Black or of African descent;East Asian;Hispanic or Latino/Latina;Middle Eastern;Native American, Pacific Islander, or Indigenous Australian;South Asian;White or of European descent | 35 - 44 years old | Yes | NA | The survey was too long | Neither easy nor difficult |
32 | 47 | No | No | Poland | No | Employed full-time | Some college/university study without earning a degree | Computer science, computer engineering, or software engineering | 20 to 99 employees | Back-end developer;Engineering manager | 3-5 years | 3-5 years | Slightly satisfied | Slightly satisfied | Doing the same work | I’m not actively looking, but I am open to new opportunities | Less than a year ago | 7 | 8 | 9 | 4 | 2 | 6 | 1 | 3 | 10 | 5 | 1 | 9 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 11 | 7 | 3 | 8 | 10 | 2 | 5 | 2 | 4 | 1 | 3 | 6 | 7 | 4 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 5 | I had a negative experience or interaction at work | Polish złoty (zł) | 8500 | Monthly | 30000 | PLN | Confluence;Jira;Slack | Less than a month | Received on-the-job training in software development;Taught yourself a new language, framework, or tool without taking a formal course | The official documentation and/or standards for the technology;A book or e-book from O’Reilly, Apress, or a similar publisher;Questions & answers on Stack Overflow;Internal Wikis, chat rooms, or documentation set up by my company for employees;Pre-scheduled tutoring or mentoring sessions with a friend or colleague;Tapping your network of friends, family, and peers versed in the technology | NA | NA | Agree | Neither Agree nor Disagree | Disagree | Python;SQL;HTML;Bash/Shell | Erlang;Go;JavaScript;Rust | MongoDB;Redis;MySQL;PostgreSQL | Memcached;Elasticsearch | Linux | Heroku;Raspberry Pi | Django | React;TensorFlow | IPython / Jupyter;Sublime Text;Vim | Linux-based | 2 | Agile;Kanban;Pair programming;Scrum | Git | Once a day | Yes | Yes | The website I was visiting forced me to disable it to access their content;The website I was visiting asked me to disable it;I wanted to support the website I was visiting by viewing their ads | Strongly agree | Somewhat agree | Somewhat disagree | Clicked on an online advertisement;Saw an online advertisement and then researched it (without clicking on the ad);Stopped going to a website because of their advertising | 1 | 2 | 3 | 5 | 7 | 4 | 6 | Evolving definitions of "fairness" in algorithmic versus human decisions | Increasing automation of jobs | A governmental or other regulatory body | I'm worried about the dangers more than I'm excited about the possibilities. | No | Depends on what it is | Upper management at the company/organization | Yes | 10 (Very Likely) | Daily or almost daily | Yes | A few times per month or weekly | Yes | No, I have one but it's out of date | 5 | I'm not sure | Not at all interested | Somewhat interested | Very interested | Extremely interested | Extremely interested | Between 6:01 - 7:00 AM | 9 - 12 hours | 30 - 59 minutes | Never | Ergonomic keyboard or mouse | I don't typically exercise | Male | Straight or heterosexual | Master’s degree (MA, MS, M.Eng., MBA, etc.) | White or of European descent | 25 - 34 years old | No | NA | The survey was an appropriate length | Somewhat easy |
33 | 50 | Yes | Yes | Sweden | Yes, full-time | Employed full-time | Master’s degree (MA, MS, M.Eng., MBA, etc.) | Computer science, computer engineering, or software engineering | 20 to 99 employees | Back-end developer;Front-end developer;Full-stack developer | 9-11 years | 6-8 years | Slightly satisfied | Moderately satisfied | Working as a founder or co-founder of my own company | I’m not actively looking, but I am open to new opportunities | Between 1 and 2 years ago | 3 | 1 | 10 | 6 | 8 | 7 | 9 | 2 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 10 | 4 | 1 | 6 | 9 | 11 | 5 | 2 | 7 | 8 | 2 | 1 | 4 | 5 | 3 | 6 | 5 | 7 | 4 | 3 | 1 | 2 | My job status or other personal status changed | Swedish kroner (SEK) | NA | Monthly | NA | SEK | Confluence;HipChat;Jira;Slack | One to three months | Taken an online course in programming or software development (e.g. a MOOC);Taught yourself a new language, framework, or tool without taking a formal course;Participated in a hackathon;Contributed to open source software | The official documentation and/or standards for the technology;A book or e-book from O’Reilly, Apress, or a similar publisher;A college/university computer science or software engineering book;Questions & answers on Stack Overflow;Online developer communities other than Stack Overflow (ex. forums, listservs, IRC channels, etc.) | NA | To improve my general technical skills or programming ability;To improve my knowledge of a specific programming language, framework, or other technology;To build my professional network;Because I find it enjoyable | Neither Agree nor Disagree | Neither Agree nor Disagree | Disagree | Java;JavaScript;PHP;SQL;Swift;TypeScript;HTML;CSS;Bash/Shell | Go;JavaScript;Python;Rust;Swift;TypeScript;Kotlin;Ocaml;HTML;CSS | MySQL;PostgreSQL | MongoDB;Redis;PostgreSQL;Memcached;Google Cloud Storage;Elasticsearch | Android;AWS;Heroku;iOS;Linux;Mac OS;Firebase | Arduino;AWS;iOS;Mac OS;Firebase | Angular;Node.js;React;Spring | Node.js;React;TensorFlow | Android Studio;Atom;IntelliJ;Sublime Text;Visual Studio Code;Xcode | MacOS | 2 | Agile;Extreme programming (XP);Kanban;Lean;Pair programming;Scrum | Git | Multiple times per day | Yes | Yes | The ad-blocking software was causing display issues on a website;The website I was visiting asked me to disable it;I wanted to support the website I was visiting by viewing their ads | Somewhat agree | Somewhat agree | Somewhat agree | Clicked on an online advertisement;Saw an online advertisement and then researched it (without clicking on the ad) | 3 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 6 | 7 | 5 | Algorithms making important decisions | Increasing automation of jobs | A governmental or other regulatory body | I'm excited about the possibilities more than worried about the dangers. | No | Depends on what it is | Upper management at the company/organization | Yes | 10 (Very Likely) | Daily or almost daily | Yes | Less than once per month or monthly | Yes | Yes | 7 | I'm not sure | Very interested | Somewhat interested | Somewhat interested | Somewhat interested | Somewhat interested | Between 8:01 - 9:00 AM | 9 - 12 hours | 30 - 59 minutes | Never | Standing desk;Fatigue-relieving floor mat | 1 - 2 times per week | Male | Straight or heterosexual | Bachelor’s degree (BA, BS, B.Eng., etc.) | White or of European descent | 25 - 34 years old | No | NA | The survey was an appropriate length | Very easy |
34 | 51 | Yes | No | United States | No | Employed full-time | Bachelor’s degree (BA, BS, B.Eng., etc.) | Web development or web design | 500 to 999 employees | Back-end developer;Designer;Front-end developer;Full-stack developer;Marketing or sales professional;Mobile developer | 6-8 years | 0-2 years | Extremely dissatisfied | Moderately satisfied | Doing the same work | I am not interested in new job opportunities | Between 1 and 2 years ago | 4 | 2 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 8 | 9 | 6 | 7 | 10 | 1 | 4 | 2 | 10 | 6 | 3 | 8 | 5 | 11 | 9 | 7 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | My job status or other personal status changed | U.S. dollars ($) | 44000 | Yearly | 44000 | USD | Office / productivity suite (Microsoft Office, Google Suite, etc.);Other wiki tool (Github, Google Sites, proprietary software, etc.) | One to three months | Taken an online course in programming or software development (e.g. a MOOC);Taught yourself a new language, framework, or tool without taking a formal course | Questions & answers on Stack Overflow;The technology’s online help system | NA | NA | Agree | Disagree | Agree | Java;JavaScript;Objective-C;PHP;SQL;Swift;HTML;CSS;Bash/Shell | Assembly;C;C++;Java;JavaScript;PHP;Python;SQL;Swift;HTML;CSS | SQL Server;MySQL | SQL Server;MySQL;Oracle | Drupal;iOS;WordPress | iOS;Salesforce;SharePoint;WordPress | NA | Angular;Node.js;React | Atom;Notepad++;Xcode | MacOS | 2 | NA | Git;Zip file back-ups | Less than once per month | No | NA | NA | Somewhat disagree | Strongly disagree | Strongly agree | Stopped going to a website because of their advertising | 1 | 6 | 3 | 2 | 7 | 5 | 4 | Increasing automation of jobs | Evolving definitions of "fairness" in algorithmic versus human decisions | The developers or the people creating the AI | I'm worried about the dangers more than I'm excited about the possibilities. | Yes | Yes, but only within the company | Upper management at the company/organization | Yes | 10 (Very Likely) | A few times per week | Yes | Less than once per month or monthly | Yes | No, and I don't know what that is | 10 (Very Likely) | Yes | Very interested | Very interested | Very interested | A little bit interested | Somewhat interested | Between 5:00 - 6:00 AM | 5 - 8 hours | 30 - 59 minutes | Never | Standing desk;Fatigue-relieving floor mat | Daily or almost every day | Female | Straight or heterosexual | Associate degree | White or of European descent | 18 - 24 years old | No | No | The survey was an appropriate length | Very easy |
35 | 52 | No | No | United States | No | Employed full-time | Bachelor’s degree (BA, BS, B.Eng., etc.) | Computer science, computer engineering, or software engineering | 1,000 to 4,999 employees | Full-stack developer | 3-5 years | 3-5 years | Moderately dissatisfied | Moderately satisfied | Doing the same work | I am actively looking for a job | Between 1 and 2 years ago | 10 | 8 | 6 | 5 | 1 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 7 | 9 | 1 | 9 | 2 | 4 | 11 | 3 | 10 | 8 | 6 | 5 | 7 | 3 | 1 | 5 | 2 | 4 | 1 | 7 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 5 | 6 | I had a negative experience or interaction at work | U.S. dollars ($) | 60000 | Yearly | 60000 | USD | Office / productivity suite (Microsoft Office, Google Suite, etc.);Slack;Other wiki tool (Github, Google Sites, proprietary software, etc.) | One to three months | Taught yourself a new language, framework, or tool without taking a formal course;Participated in a hackathon | The official documentation and/or standards for the technology;Questions & answers on Stack Overflow;The technology’s online help system | NA | To improve my general technical skills or programming ability;To improve my knowledge of a specific programming language, framework, or other technology;To build my professional network;To help me find new job opportunities | Agree | Neither Agree nor Disagree | Agree | JavaScript;PHP;HTML;CSS | NA | PostgreSQL | MongoDB | NA | Google Home;WordPress | Angular;Node.js | Angular;Node.js;React | PHPStorm;Sublime Text | MacOS | 2 | Agile | Git | A few times per week | Yes | Yes | The website I was visiting forced me to disable it to access their content;The ad-blocking software was causing display issues on a website;The website I was visiting asked me to disable it;I wanted to support the website I was visiting by viewing their ads | Somewhat agree | Somewhat agree | Strongly disagree | Saw an online advertisement and then researched it (without clicking on the ad);Stopped going to a website because of their advertising;Paid to access a website advertisement-free | 5 | 3 | 6 | 2 | 4 | 1 | 7 | Evolving definitions of "fairness" in algorithmic versus human decisions | Increasing automation of jobs | The developers or the people creating the AI | I'm worried about the dangers more than I'm excited about the possibilities. | No | Depends on what it is | The person who came up with the idea | Yes | 10 (Very Likely) | A few times per month or weekly | No | NA | No, I didn't know that Stack Overflow had a jobs board | NA | NA | No | Extremely interested | Very interested | A little bit interested | Somewhat interested | Somewhat interested | Between 8:01 - 9:00 AM | 9 - 12 hours | Less than 30 minutes | 1 - 2 times per week | NA | I don't typically exercise | Female | Straight or heterosexual | Secondary school (e.g. American high school, German Realschule or Gymnasium, etc.) | White or of European descent | 25 - 34 years old | No | No | The survey was an appropriate length | Very easy |
36 | 53 | Yes | No | Poland | No | Employed full-time | Master’s degree (MA, MS, M.Eng., MBA, etc.) | Computer science, computer engineering, or software engineering | 10,000 or more employees | Designer | 18-20 years | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | Taken an online course in programming or software development (e.g. a MOOC);Taken a part-time in-person course in programming or software development;Completed an industry certification program (e.g. MCPD);Received on-the-job training in software development;Participated in online coding competitions (e.g. HackerRank, CodeChef, TopCoder);Contributed to open source software | NA | NA | To improve my general technical skills or programming ability;To improve my ability to work on a team with other programmers;Because I find it enjoyable | Agree | Strongly agree | Disagree | C;C++;C#;Java;JavaScript;Lua;Objective-C;PHP;Python;Ruby;Scala;SQL;Swift;TypeScript;HTML;CSS;Bash/Shell | Go;Java;JavaScript;Python;SQL;HTML;CSS;Bash/Shell | MongoDB;Redis;SQL Server;MySQL;PostgreSQL;MariaDB;Amazon DynamoDB;Amazon RDS/Aurora;Google BigQuery;Microsoft Azure (Tables, CosmosDB, SQL, etc);Elasticsearch | Amazon DynamoDB;Amazon RDS/Aurora | Android;AWS;Azure;Google Cloud Platform/App Engine;Serverless | Amazon Echo;AWS;Azure;Serverless | Angular;Node.js | Django;Node.js;React;TensorFlow | Atom;PyCharm;Visual Studio;Visual Studio Code | Windows | 2 | Agile | Git | Multiple times per day | Yes | Yes | I wanted to support the website I was visiting by viewing their ads | Somewhat agree | Neither agree nor disagree | Strongly disagree | Clicked on an online advertisement;Stopped going to a website because of their advertising | 1 | 4 | 2 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 3 | Increasing automation of jobs | NA | A governmental or other regulatory body | I'm excited about the possibilities more than worried about the dangers. | No | Depends on what it is | The person who came up with the idea | Yes | 10 (Very Likely) | Multiple times per day | Yes | Multiple times per day | No, I knew that Stack Overflow had a jobs board but have never used or visited it | No, I know what it is but I don't have one | NA | Yes | Somewhat interested | Not at all interested | Somewhat interested | Very interested | Very interested | Between 6:01 - 7:00 AM | 9 - 12 hours | Less than 30 minutes | 1 - 2 times per week | Ergonomic keyboard or mouse | 3 - 4 times per week | Male | Straight or heterosexual | Master’s degree (MA, MS, M.Eng., MBA, etc.) | White or of European descent | 35 - 44 years old | Yes | NA | The survey was an appropriate length | Very easy |
37 | 54 | Yes | Yes | United States | No | Employed full-time | Bachelor’s degree (BA, BS, B.Eng., etc.) | Computer science, computer engineering, or software engineering | 20 to 99 employees | Back-end developer;Database administrator;DevOps specialist;Front-end developer;Full-stack developer;Mobile developer | 12-14 years | 6-8 years | Moderately satisfied | Moderately satisfied | Working as an engineering manager or other functional manager | I am not interested in new job opportunities | More than 4 years ago | 5 | 4 | 2 | 9 | 1 | 3 | 10 | 8 | 7 | 6 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 6 | 7 | 4 | 9 | 10 | 5 | 8 | 11 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | A friend told me about a job opportunity | U.S. dollars ($) | 80000 | Yearly | 80000 | USD | Google Hangouts/Chat;Slack;Other chat system (IRC, proprietary software, etc.);Other wiki tool (Github, Google Sites, proprietary software, etc.) | Six to nine months | Taught yourself a new language, framework, or tool without taking a formal course;Contributed to open source software | The official documentation and/or standards for the technology | NA | NA | Agree | Agree | Disagree | C;C++;Java;JavaScript;PHP;Python;Ruby;SQL;Bash/Shell | Erlang;Go | PostgreSQL | PostgreSQL | Linux | Android;Google Home;Linux;Raspberry Pi | React | NA | Android Studio;Vim | Linux-based | 2 | Agile;Evidence-based software engineering;Pair programming;Scrum | Git;Mercurial;Subversion | Multiple times per day | Yes | No | NA | Strongly disagree | Strongly disagree | Strongly agree | Stopped going to a website because of their advertising | 5 | 2 | 3 | 6 | 1 | 4 | 7 | NA | Increasing automation of jobs | Nobody | I'm excited about the possibilities more than worried about the dangers. | No | Yes, but only within the company | Upper management at the company/organization | Yes | 3 | A few times per week | No | NA | No, I knew that Stack Overflow had a jobs board but have never used or visited it | NA | NA | No | Not at all interested | Not at all interested | Not at all interested | A little bit interested | Not at all interested | Between 7:01 - 8:00 AM | 5 - 8 hours | 30 - 59 minutes | Daily or almost every day | NA | Daily or almost every day | Male | Straight or heterosexual | Master’s degree (MA, MS, M.Eng., MBA, etc.) | White or of European descent | 25 - 34 years old | Yes | No | The survey was too long | Somewhat difficult |
38 | 55 | Yes | Yes | United Kingdom | No | Employed full-time | Master’s degree (MA, MS, M.Eng., MBA, etc.) | Computer science, computer engineering, or software engineering | Fewer than 10 employees | Back-end developer;Front-end developer;Full-stack developer | 9-11 years | 3-5 years | Extremely satisfied | Moderately satisfied | Working as a founder or co-founder of my own company | I am not interested in new job opportunities | Less than a year ago | 8 | 9 | 10 | 3 | 1 | 6 | 4 | 2 | 5 | 7 | 1 | 3 | 9 | 11 | 5 | 7 | 4 | 2 | 8 | 10 | 6 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | My job status or other personal status changed | British pounds sterling (£) | NA | NA | NA | NA | Slack;Trello | Less than a month | Taught yourself a new language, framework, or tool without taking a formal course;Participated in online coding competitions (e.g. HackerRank, CodeChef, TopCoder);Participated in a hackathon;Contributed to open source software | The official documentation and/or standards for the technology;A book or e-book from O’Reilly, Apress, or a similar publisher;Questions & answers on Stack Overflow;Online developer communities other than Stack Overflow (ex. forums, listservs, IRC channels, etc.);The technology’s online help system | NA | To win prizes or cash awards;Because I find it enjoyable | Agree | Disagree | Disagree | C++;F#;Java;JavaScript;SQL;HTML;CSS;Bash/Shell | C++;Clojure;F#;JavaScript;HTML | MongoDB;Redis;PostgreSQL | NA | AWS;Linux;Mac OS;Serverless | Linux;Mac OS;Serverless | .NET Core;Node.js;React | Node.js;React | Atom;Eclipse;Visual Studio Code | MacOS | 1 | Agile | Git | Multiple times per day | Yes | I'm not sure/I can't remember | NA | Somewhat disagree | Somewhat disagree | Neither agree nor disagree | Stopped going to a website because of their advertising | 2 | 5 | 6 | 1 | 4 | 3 | 7 | Artificial intelligence surpassing human intelligence ("the singularity") | Artificial intelligence surpassing human intelligence ("the singularity") | The developers or the people creating the AI | I'm excited about the possibilities more than worried about the dangers. | No | Depends on what it is | Upper management at the company/organization | Yes | 10 (Very Likely) | Multiple times per day | Yes | Daily or almost daily | No, I knew that Stack Overflow had a jobs board but have never used or visited it | No, and I don't know what that is | NA | Yes | Not at all interested | Not at all interested | Not at all interested | Not at all interested | Not at all interested | Between 7:01 - 8:00 AM | 9 - 12 hours | 30 - 59 minutes | Never | NA | Daily or almost every day | Male | Bisexual or Queer | Bachelor’s degree (BA, BS, B.Eng., etc.) | White or of European descent | 25 - 34 years old | No | NA | The survey was an appropriate length | Somewhat easy |
39 | 56 | Yes | No | Belgium | Yes, part-time | Employed full-time | Bachelor’s degree (BA, BS, B.Eng., etc.) | NA | 20 to 99 employees | Back-end developer;Database administrator;Front-end developer;Full-stack developer;Mobile developer | 6-8 years | 3-5 years | Slightly dissatisfied | Slightly dissatisfied | Working in a different or more specialized technical role than the one I'm in now | I’m not actively looking, but I am open to new opportunities | Between 2 and 4 years ago | 10 | 9 | 8 | 4 | 1 | 5 | 2 | 3 | 7 | 6 | 1 | 6 | 10 | 9 | 7 | 8 | 5 | 4 | 11 | 3 | 2 | 4 | 1 | 5 | 2 | 3 | 5 | 3 | 6 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 7 | My job status or other personal status changed | Euros (€) | 2600 | NA | NA | EUR | Facebook;Office / productivity suite (Microsoft Office, Google Suite, etc.);Trello | Three to six months | Taken an online course in programming or software development (e.g. a MOOC);Participated in a full-time developer training program or bootcamp;Taught yourself a new language, framework, or tool without taking a formal course | The official documentation and/or standards for the technology;A book or e-book from O’Reilly, Apress, or a similar publisher;A college/university computer science or software engineering book;Questions & answers on Stack Overflow | I already had a full-time job as a developer when I began the program | NA | Strongly agree | Agree | Neither Agree nor Disagree | C#;Java;JavaScript;PHP;SQL;TypeScript;HTML;CSS | C#;JavaScript;SQL;TypeScript;HTML;CSS | SQL Server;PostgreSQL | SQL Server;PostgreSQL | Android;Raspberry Pi | Android;Raspberry Pi | Angular;.NET Core;Xamarin | Angular;.NET Core;Node.js;React;Xamarin | Android Studio;Notepad++;Visual Studio;Visual Studio Code | Windows | 2 | Agile;Lean;Scrum | Git | A few times per week | Yes | No | NA | Somewhat agree | Strongly agree | Somewhat agree | Saw an online advertisement and then researched it (without clicking on the ad) | 2 | 3 | 1 | 6 | 5 | 7 | 4 | Algorithms making important decisions | Increasing automation of jobs | A governmental or other regulatory body | I'm excited about the possibilities more than worried about the dangers. | No | Yes, and publicly | Upper management at the company/organization | Yes | 10 (Very Likely) | Daily or almost daily | I'm not sure / I can't remember | NA | No, I didn't know that Stack Overflow had a jobs board | NA | NA | No | Somewhat interested | Very interested | Very interested | Extremely interested | Somewhat interested | Between 7:01 - 8:00 AM | 9 - 12 hours | 30 - 59 minutes | 1 - 2 times per week | NA | I don't typically exercise | Male | Straight or heterosexual | Bachelor’s degree (BA, BS, B.Eng., etc.) | White or of European descent | 25 - 34 years old | Yes | NA | The survey was too long | Somewhat easy |
40 | 57 | Yes | Yes | Argentina | Yes, part-time | Employed full-time | Some college/university study without earning a degree | Computer science, computer engineering, or software engineering | 100 to 499 employees | Back-end developer;Data or business analyst;Designer;Front-end developer;Game or graphics developer;Mobile developer;Student | 0-2 years | 0-2 years | Neither satisfied nor dissatisfied | Extremely dissatisfied | Working in a different or more specialized technical role than the one I'm in now | I’m not actively looking, but I am open to new opportunities | Between 1 and 2 years ago | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
41 | 59 | Yes | Yes | United States | No | Employed full-time | Master’s degree (MA, MS, M.Eng., MBA, etc.) | Computer science, computer engineering, or software engineering | 20 to 99 employees | Full-stack developer;Product manager | 30 or more years | 12-14 years | Neither satisfied nor dissatisfied | Slightly dissatisfied | Working in a different or more specialized technical role than the one I'm in now | I’m not actively looking, but I am open to new opportunities | More than 4 years ago | 7 | 2 | 1 | 4 | 3 | 6 | 8 | 5 | 10 | 9 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 10 | 8 | 3 | 9 | 6 | 11 | 7 | 5 | 1 | 2 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 7 | 2 | 1 | 5 | 6 | 3 | 4 | My job status or other personal status changed | U.S. dollars ($) | NA | NA | NA | NA | Office / productivity suite (Microsoft Office, Google Suite, etc.);Slack;Trello;Other wiki tool (Github, Google Sites, proprietary software, etc.) | Less than a month | Taken an online course in programming or software development (e.g. a MOOC);Taught yourself a new language, framework, or tool without taking a formal course;Contributed to open source software | The official documentation and/or standards for the technology;A book or e-book from O’Reilly, Apress, or a similar publisher;Questions & answers on Stack Overflow;Online developer communities other than Stack Overflow (ex. forums, listservs, IRC channels, etc.);The technology’s online help system | NA | NA | Agree | Neither Agree nor Disagree | Neither Agree nor Disagree | C#;CoffeeScript;Erlang;Haskell;JavaScript;Ruby | C#;Erlang;F#;Haskell | MongoDB;SQL Server;PostgreSQL | MongoDB;Elasticsearch | AWS;Linux | NA | .NET Core | NA | Vim;Visual Studio;Visual Studio Code | Windows | 2 | Agile;Extreme programming (XP);Scrum | Git;Team Foundation Version Control | A few times per week | No | NA | NA | Strongly agree | Somewhat agree | Somewhat disagree | Clicked on an online advertisement;Saw an online advertisement and then researched it (without clicking on the ad);Stopped going to a website because of their advertising | 1 | 3 | 2 | 4 | 7 | 6 | 5 | Increasing automation of jobs | NA | The developers or the people creating the AI | I'm excited about the possibilities more than worried about the dangers. | Depends on what it is | Depends on what it is | Upper management at the company/organization | No | 10 (Very Likely) | Daily or almost daily | Yes | A few times per week | Yes | No, I know what it is but I don't have one | 10 (Very Likely) | Yes | A little bit interested | Not at all interested | A little bit interested | A little bit interested | A little bit interested | Before 5:00 AM | 9 - 12 hours | 1 - 2 hours | Daily or almost every day | NA | 3 - 4 times per week | Male | Straight or heterosexual | Other doctoral degree (Ph.D, Ed.D., etc.) | White or of European descent | 45 - 54 years old | Yes | Yes | The survey was too long | Neither easy nor difficult |
42 | 60 | Yes | No | Germany | Yes, full-time | Employed part-time | Secondary school (e.g. American high school, German Realschule or Gymnasium, etc.) | NA | 1,000 to 4,999 employees | Data scientist or machine learning specialist;Student | 9-11 years | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | C++;Java;JavaScript;Python;R;Swift | C++;Go;Python;R;Swift | SQLite | Google Cloud Storage | iOS;Mac OS | AWS;Google Cloud Platform/App Engine;iOS;Mac OS | TensorFlow | TensorFlow;Torch/PyTorch | Atom;IPython / Jupyter;PyCharm;RStudio;Vim;Xcode | MacOS | 1 | Scrum | Git | Multiple times per day | No | NA | NA | Strongly agree | Strongly agree | Strongly disagree | Clicked on an online advertisement | 1 | 6 | 3 | 4 | 2 | 7 | 5 | Algorithms making important decisions | Artificial intelligence surpassing human intelligence ("the singularity") | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
43 | 61 | Yes | No | India | No | Employed full-time | Some college/university study without earning a degree | Another engineering discipline (ex. civil, electrical, mechanical) | 20 to 99 employees | Designer;Front-end developer | 0-2 years | 0-2 years | Slightly satisfied | Slightly dissatisfied | Working in a different or more specialized technical role than the one I'm in now | I’m not actively looking, but I am open to new opportunities | Between 1 and 2 years ago | 3 | 5 | 9 | 1 | 7 | 4 | 10 | 2 | 8 | 6 | 7 | 11 | 1 | 3 | 9 | 4 | 10 | 6 | 2 | 8 | 5 | 2 | 1 | 5 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 7 | 6 | 5 | A recruiter contacted me | Indian rupees (₹) | 660000 | Monthly | 123984 | INR | Other chat system (IRC, proprietary software, etc.) | Less than a month | Taught yourself a new language, framework, or tool without taking a formal course | A book or e-book from O’Reilly, Apress, or a similar publisher;Questions & answers on Stack Overflow;Tapping your network of friends, family, and peers versed in the technology | NA | NA | Agree | Agree | Agree | PHP;HTML;CSS | C#;JavaScript;PHP;SQL;HTML;CSS | MySQL;SQLite | MySQL;SQLite | NA | Android;iOS;Firebase | Angular;.NET Core;Node.js | Angular;.NET Core;Node.js;Xamarin | Android Studio;Visual Studio;Visual Studio Code | Windows | 1 | Agile;Scrum | Git | Multiple times per day | No | NA | NA | Somewhat disagree | Somewhat agree | Neither agree nor disagree | Clicked on an online advertisement;Saw an online advertisement and then researched it (without clicking on the ad) | 5 | 3 | 1 | 6 | 2 | 7 | 4 | Artificial intelligence surpassing human intelligence ("the singularity") | Increasing automation of jobs | The developers or the people creating the AI | I'm excited about the possibilities more than worried about the dangers. | Depends on what it is | Depends on what it is | The person who came up with the idea | No | 10 (Very Likely) | Daily or almost daily | Yes | Less than once per month or monthly | No, I didn't know that Stack Overflow had a jobs board | No, and I don't know what that is | NA | I'm not sure | NA | Very interested | Very interested | Somewhat interested | Somewhat interested | Between 6:01 - 7:00 AM | 9 - 12 hours | 3 - 4 hours | Never | NA | I don't typically exercise | Male | Straight or heterosexual | Bachelor’s degree (BA, BS, B.Eng., etc.) | South Asian | 35 - 44 years old | Yes | NA | The survey was an appropriate length | Neither easy nor difficult |
44 | 63 | No | No | Russian Federation | No | Employed full-time | Some college/university study without earning a degree | Computer science, computer engineering, or software engineering | 1,000 to 4,999 employees | Full-stack developer | 24-26 years | 24-26 years | NA | Neither satisfied nor dissatisfied | NA | I’m not actively looking, but I am open to new opportunities | More than 4 years ago | 2 | 8 | 3 | 5 | 9 | 6 | 7 | 10 | 1 | 4 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | 3 | 6 | 5 | 7 | 1 | 4 | 2 | NA | Russian rubles (₽) | 100000 | Monthly | 21228 | RUB | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | SQL | SQL | Oracle | Oracle | Windows Desktop or Server | NA | NA | NA | NA | Windows | 1 | NA | I don't use version control | NA | I'm not sure/I don't know | NA | NA | Neither agree nor disagree | Strongly disagree | Somewhat disagree | Saw an online advertisement and then researched it (without clicking on the ad) | 1 | 7 | 5 | 6 | 3 | 2 | 4 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | 6 | I have never visited Stack Overflow (before today) | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | I'm not sure | A little bit interested | A little bit interested | Not at all interested | Very interested | A little bit interested | Between 7:01 - 8:00 AM | 1 - 4 hours | Over 4 hours | 1 - 2 times per week | Ergonomic keyboard or mouse | I don't typically exercise | Female | NA | NA | NA | 35 - 44 years old | Yes | NA | NA | NA |
45 | 66 | Yes | Yes | United States | No | Employed full-time | Bachelor’s degree (BA, BS, B.Eng., etc.) | Another engineering discipline (ex. civil, electrical, mechanical) | 5,000 to 9,999 employees | Back-end developer;Embedded applications or devices developer | 9-11 years | 6-8 years | Extremely satisfied | Extremely satisfied | Doing the same work | I am not interested in new job opportunities | Between 1 and 2 years ago | 5 | 8 | 3 | 2 | 4 | 7 | 9 | 6 | 10 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 2 | 10 | 8 | 3 | 7 | 6 | 11 | 9 | 5 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | My job status or other personal status changed | U.S. dollars ($) | 74000 | Yearly | 74000 | USD | Confluence;Jira;Office / productivity suite (Microsoft Office, Google Suite, etc.);Other chat system (IRC, proprietary software, etc.) | One to three months | Received on-the-job training in software development;Taught yourself a new language, framework, or tool without taking a formal course;Contributed to open source software | The official documentation and/or standards for the technology;A book or e-book from O’Reilly, Apress, or a similar publisher;Questions & answers on Stack Overflow;Online developer communities other than Stack Overflow (ex. forums, listservs, IRC channels, etc.);Internal Wikis, chat rooms, or documentation set up by my company for employees | NA | NA | Agree | Neither Agree nor Disagree | Disagree | Assembly;C;C++;C#;Python;Rust;Bash/Shell | Assembly;C;C++;C#;F#;Python;Rust;TypeScript;Bash/Shell | NA | NA | Arduino | Arduino;ESP8266 | .NET Core;TensorFlow | .NET Core;TensorFlow | Notepad++;Sublime Text;Vim;Visual Studio | Linux-based | 1 | NA | Git;Copying and pasting files to network shares | Multiple times per day | Yes | Yes | I wanted to view a specific advertisement;I wanted to support the website I was visiting by viewing their ads | Somewhat agree | Strongly agree | Neither agree nor disagree | Clicked on an online advertisement;Saw an online advertisement and then researched it (without clicking on the ad);Stopped going to a website because of their advertising | 1 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 6 | 7 | Algorithms making important decisions | Algorithms making important decisions | The developers or the people creating the AI | I'm excited about the possibilities more than worried about the dangers. | Depends on what it is | Yes, but only within the company | The person who came up with the idea | Yes | 10 (Very Likely) | A few times per week | Yes | Less than once per month or monthly | Yes | No, I have one but it's out of date | 6 | Yes | Somewhat interested | A little bit interested | A little bit interested | Very interested | Somewhat interested | Between 7:01 - 8:00 AM | 9 - 12 hours | Less than 30 minutes | Never | NA | I don't typically exercise | Male | Straight or heterosexual | Other doctoral degree (Ph.D, Ed.D., etc.) | White or of European descent | 25 - 34 years old | No | No | The survey was an appropriate length | Somewhat easy |
46 | 67 | Yes | No | India | No | Employed full-time | Bachelor’s degree (BA, BS, B.Eng., etc.) | Computer science, computer engineering, or software engineering | 20 to 99 employees | Back-end developer;Front-end developer | 6-8 years | 0-2 years | Slightly dissatisfied | Neither satisfied nor dissatisfied | Working in a different or more specialized technical role than the one I'm in now | I’m not actively looking, but I am open to new opportunities | Less than a year ago | 4 | 9 | 5 | 7 | 2 | 10 | 6 | 3 | 1 | 8 | 5 | 6 | 9 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 4 | 7 | 10 | 11 | 8 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | A friend told me about a job opportunity | Indian rupees (₹) | NA | NA | NA | NA | Jira | NA | Received on-the-job training in software development;Taught yourself a new language, framework, or tool without taking a formal course | The official documentation and/or standards for the technology;A college/university computer science or software engineering book;Questions & answers on Stack Overflow;Pre-scheduled tutoring or mentoring sessions with a friend or colleague | NA | NA | Agree | Agree | Disagree | C;C++;Java;JavaScript;PHP;Python;HTML;CSS | Java;JavaScript;Python;HTML;CSS | SQL Server;MySQL | MongoDB;MySQL | Android;Firebase | NA | NA | Angular;Django | IntelliJ;Notepad++;PHPStorm;Visual Studio Code | Windows | 1 | NA | Git | Once a day | Yes | No | NA | Somewhat agree | Neither agree nor disagree | Neither agree nor disagree | NA | 5 | 6 | 1 | 7 | 4 | 2 | 3 | Artificial intelligence surpassing human intelligence ("the singularity") | Evolving definitions of "fairness" in algorithmic versus human decisions | The developers or the people creating the AI | I'm worried about the dangers more than I'm excited about the possibilities. | Depends on what it is | Depends on what it is | The person who came up with the idea | Unsure / I don't know | 10 (Very Likely) | Multiple times per day | Yes | I have never participated in Q&A on Stack Overflow | No, I knew that Stack Overflow had a jobs board but have never used or visited it | No, I know what it is but I don't have one | NA | No | Very interested | Extremely interested | Extremely interested | Extremely interested | Extremely interested | Between 7:01 - 8:00 AM | 5 - 8 hours | 1 - 2 hours | Never | Standing desk;Ergonomic keyboard or mouse | 3 - 4 times per week | Male | NA | Secondary school (e.g. American high school, German Realschule or Gymnasium, etc.) | South Asian | 18 - 24 years old | No | NA | The survey was too long | Very easy |
47 | 71 | Yes | No | India | No | Employed full-time | Master’s degree (MA, MS, M.Eng., MBA, etc.) | Computer science, computer engineering, or software engineering | 100 to 499 employees | Back-end developer;Desktop or enterprise applications developer;Front-end developer;Full-stack developer | 3-5 years | 3-5 years | Moderately satisfied | Moderately satisfied | Working as a founder or co-founder of my own company | I’m not actively looking, but I am open to new opportunities | More than 4 years ago | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | 3 | 1 | 5 | 4 | 2 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | My job status or other personal status changed | Indian rupees (₹) | 35000 | Monthly | 6576 | INR | Google Hangouts/Chat | One to three months | Taught yourself a new language, framework, or tool without taking a formal course | The official documentation and/or standards for the technology;A book or e-book from O’Reilly, Apress, or a similar publisher;Questions & answers on Stack Overflow;Online developer communities other than Stack Overflow (ex. forums, listservs, IRC channels, etc.);The technology’s online help system | NA | NA | Agree | Disagree | Disagree | JavaScript;PHP;Python;SQL;HTML;CSS | CoffeeScript;Go;JavaScript;Matlab;Perl;PHP;Python;SQL;TypeScript;Delphi/Object Pascal;HTML;CSS;Bash/Shell | MySQL;MariaDB | MySQL;PostgreSQL;MariaDB;Google BigQuery;Microsoft Azure (Tables, CosmosDB, SQL, etc);Google Cloud Storage;Elasticsearch | WordPress | Amazon Echo;Android;Apple Watch or Apple TV;Gaming console;Linux;Mac OS;Raspberry Pi;Salesforce;WordPress | Django | Angular;Django;Node.js;React;Cordova | NetBeans;Notepad++;PyCharm;Visual Studio Code | Windows | 1 | Agile;Extreme programming (XP);Pair programming;Scrum | Git | Multiple times per day | Yes | No | NA | Strongly disagree | Strongly disagree | Strongly disagree | Saw an online advertisement and then researched it (without clicking on the ad);Stopped going to a website because of their advertising | 5 | 2 | 4 | 1 | 6 | 7 | 3 | Algorithms making important decisions | Algorithms making important decisions | The developers or the people creating the AI | I'm worried about the dangers more than I'm excited about the possibilities. | No | Depends on what it is | The person who came up with the idea | Unsure / I don't know | 10 (Very Likely) | Multiple times per day | Yes | A few times per week | No, I knew that Stack Overflow had a jobs board but have never used or visited it | Yes | NA | Yes | Very interested | Somewhat interested | Extremely interested | Extremely interested | Extremely interested | Between 5:00 - 6:00 AM | 9 - 12 hours | 30 - 59 minutes | 1 - 2 times per week | Ergonomic keyboard or mouse | Daily or almost every day | Male | Straight or heterosexual | Master’s degree (MA, MS, M.Eng., MBA, etc.) | South Asian | 25 - 34 years old | Yes | NA | The survey was too long | Very easy |
48 | 72 | Yes | Yes | United States | No | Employed full-time | Master’s degree (MA, MS, M.Eng., MBA, etc.) | Computer science, computer engineering, or software engineering | 20 to 99 employees | Back-end developer;Full-stack developer | 15-17 years | 9-11 years | Slightly satisfied | Slightly satisfied | Doing the same work | I’m not actively looking, but I am open to new opportunities | Between 1 and 2 years ago | 8 | 4 | 6 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 7 | 5 | 10 | 9 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 11 | 5 | 4 | 7 | 8 | 10 | 9 | 6 | 5 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 7 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 6 | My job status or other personal status changed | U.S. dollars ($) | 115000 | Yearly | 115000 | USD | Confluence;Jira;Slack | Less than a month | Taken an online course in programming or software development (e.g. a MOOC);Taught yourself a new language, framework, or tool without taking a formal course;Contributed to open source software | The official documentation and/or standards for the technology;Questions & answers on Stack Overflow;Online developer communities other than Stack Overflow (ex. forums, listservs, IRC channels, etc.);The technology’s online help system | NA | NA | Agree | Neither Agree nor Disagree | Disagree | Erlang;Go;Groovy;Java;JavaScript;Ruby;Scala;TypeScript;Kotlin;HTML;CSS;Bash/Shell | Groovy;Haskell;Rust;Scala;Kotlin | Cassandra;MongoDB;Amazon DynamoDB | Cassandra;Apache HBase;Elasticsearch | Amazon Echo;AWS;Linux | Linux | Node.js;Spring | Hadoop;Spark | IntelliJ;Sublime Text;Vim | Linux-based | 2 | Agile;Pair programming;Scrum | Git | Multiple times per day | Yes | Yes | The ad-blocking software was causing display issues on a website | Neither agree nor disagree | Somewhat disagree | Somewhat agree | NA | 4 | 5 | 2 | 3 | 6 | 1 | 7 | Algorithms making important decisions | Artificial intelligence surpassing human intelligence ("the singularity") | A governmental or other regulatory body | I'm excited about the possibilities more than worried about the dangers. | Depends on what it is | Depends on what it is | Upper management at the company/organization | Unsure / I don't know | 10 (Very Likely) | Multiple times per day | Yes | A few times per month or weekly | Yes | Yes | 9 | Yes | Somewhat interested | Not at all interested | Somewhat interested | Extremely interested | Somewhat interested | Between 6:01 - 7:00 AM | 9 - 12 hours | 30 - 59 minutes | Never | Standing desk;Ergonomic keyboard or mouse;Wrist/hand supports or braces | 3 - 4 times per week | Male | Straight or heterosexual | Bachelor’s degree (BA, BS, B.Eng., etc.) | White or of European descent | 25 - 34 years old | No | No | The survey was an appropriate length | Somewhat easy |
49 | 75 | Yes | No | United States | No | Employed full-time | Master’s degree (MA, MS, M.Eng., MBA, etc.) | NA | 20 to 99 employees | Back-end developer;Designer;Educator or academic researcher;Front-end developer | 3-5 years | 3-5 years | Extremely dissatisfied | Extremely satisfied | NA | I am not interested in new job opportunities | More than 4 years ago | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | My job status or other personal status changed | U.S. dollars ($) | 70000 | Yearly | 70000 | USD | NA | NA | Taught yourself a new language, framework, or tool without taking a formal course | The official documentation and/or standards for the technology;Questions & answers on Stack Overflow;Online developer communities other than Stack Overflow (ex. forums, listservs, IRC channels, etc.);Tapping your network of friends, family, and peers versed in the technology | NA | NA | Agree | Disagree | Neither Agree nor Disagree | JavaScript;PHP;SQL;CSS;Bash/Shell | JavaScript;PHP;SQL;Swift;CSS;Bash/Shell | MySQL | MySQL | NA | NA | NA | NA | Atom | MacOS | 1 | NA | NA | Weekly or a few times per month | I'm not sure/I don't know | NA | NA | Neither agree nor disagree | Neither agree nor disagree | Neither agree nor disagree | NA | 1 | 6 | 2 | 5 | 7 | 3 | 4 | NA | NA | NA | I'm excited about the possibilities more than worried about the dangers. | No | Yes, but only within the company | NA | Yes | 9 | A few times per month or weekly | No | NA | No, I knew that Stack Overflow had a jobs board but have never used or visited it | NA | NA | No | Very interested | A little bit interested | Somewhat interested | A little bit interested | A little bit interested | Before 5:00 AM | 1 - 4 hours | 1 - 2 hours | Never | NA | 3 - 4 times per week | Male | Straight or heterosexual | Master’s degree (MA, MS, M.Eng., MBA, etc.) | White or of European descent | 35 - 44 years old | No | No | The survey was too long | Neither easy nor difficult |
50 | 76 | Yes | Yes | Indonesia | Yes, full-time | Employed full-time | Bachelor’s degree (BA, BS, B.Eng., etc.) | Computer science, computer engineering, or software engineering | 100 to 499 employees | Desktop or enterprise applications developer;Embedded applications or devices developer;Full-stack developer;Game or graphics developer;Mobile developer | 6-8 years | 6-8 years | Slightly satisfied | Slightly satisfied | Working as a founder or co-founder of my own company | I’m not actively looking, but I am open to new opportunities | Between 1 and 2 years ago | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | I saw an employer’s advertisement | NA | NA | Monthly | NA | NA | Jira;Trello;Other wiki tool (Github, Google Sites, proprietary software, etc.) | More than a year | Taken a part-time in-person course in programming or software development;Received on-the-job training in software development;Participated in online coding competitions (e.g. HackerRank, CodeChef, TopCoder);Participated in a hackathon;Contributed to open source software | NA | NA | To build my professional network;To win prizes or cash awards;Because I find it enjoyable | Agree | Agree | Strongly disagree | Go;Java;JavaScript;PHP;SQL;Swift;Kotlin;HTML;CSS | NA | MongoDB;SQL Server;MySQL;PostgreSQL;SQLite;Oracle;MariaDB | NA | Android;Arduino;iOS;Windows Desktop or Server;WordPress | NA | NA | NA | Android Studio;Atom;Eclipse;NetBeans;Notepad++;PHPStorm;Sublime Text;Visual Studio;Xcode | MacOS | 1 | Agile | Git | Multiple times per day | Yes | Yes | The website I was visiting forced me to disable it to access their content;The ad-blocking software was causing display issues on a website;I wanted to view a specific advertisement;The website I was visiting asked me to disable it;I wanted to support the website I was visiting by viewing their ads | Somewhat agree | Somewhat agree | Somewhat disagree | Clicked on an online advertisement;Saw an online advertisement and then researched it (without clicking on the ad) | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | Evolving definitions of "fairness" in algorithmic versus human decisions | Algorithms making important decisions | The developers or the people creating the AI | I'm excited about the possibilities more than worried about the dangers. | Yes | Depends on what it is | The developer who wrote it | Yes | 10 (Very Likely) | Multiple times per day | Yes | A few times per week | Yes | No, I have one but it's out of date | 10 (Very Likely) | Yes | Extremely interested | Very interested | Very interested | Very interested | Very interested | Between 9:01 - 10:00 AM | 9 - 12 hours | 30 - 59 minutes | NA | Standing desk | I don't typically exercise | Male | NA | Bachelor’s degree (BA, BS, B.Eng., etc.) | South Asian | 18 - 24 years old | No | NA | The survey was too long | Somewhat easy |
51 | 77 | Yes | Yes | United States | No | Employed full-time | Associate degree | Computer science, computer engineering, or software engineering | 100 to 499 employees | Back-end developer;DevOps specialist | 15-17 years | 3-5 years | Moderately satisfied | Moderately satisfied | Doing the same work | I am not interested in new job opportunities | Between 2 and 4 years ago | 10 | 5 | 9 | 6 | 2 | 1 | 4 | 8 | 3 | 7 | 1 | 7 | 2 | 10 | 9 | 3 | 8 | 4 | 11 | 5 | 6 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | My job status or other personal status changed | U.S. dollars ($) | 90000 | NA | 90000 | USD | Confluence;Jira;Slack;Other wiki tool (Github, Google Sites, proprietary software, etc.) | Less than a month | Received on-the-job training in software development;Taught yourself a new language, framework, or tool without taking a formal course;Contributed to open source software | The official documentation and/or standards for the technology;Questions & answers on Stack Overflow;Online developer communities other than Stack Overflow (ex. forums, listservs, IRC channels, etc.);Internal Wikis, chat rooms, or documentation set up by my company for employees | NA | NA | Neither Agree nor Disagree | Disagree | Disagree | Ruby;Bash/Shell | Ruby;Rust | PostgreSQL;Elasticsearch | PostgreSQL;Elasticsearch | Linux;Mac OS | Linux;Mac OS | NA | NA | Vim | MacOS | 2 | Agile;Kanban;Pair programming;Scrum | Git | A few times per week | Yes | I'm not sure/I can't remember | NA | Somewhat agree | Somewhat disagree | Neither agree nor disagree | Paid to access a website advertisement-free | 3 | 5 | 4 | 1 | 6 | 7 | 2 | Increasing automation of jobs | Algorithms making important decisions | The developers or the people creating the AI | I'm excited about the possibilities more than worried about the dangers. | No | Depends on what it is | Upper management at the company/organization | Yes | 5 | A few times per month or weekly | I'm not sure / I can't remember | NA | No, I knew that Stack Overflow had a jobs board but have never used or visited it | NA | NA | No | Not at all interested | Not at all interested | Not at all interested | Very interested | A little bit interested | I do not have a set schedule | 9 - 12 hours | Less than 30 minutes | Never | Standing desk;Fatigue-relieving floor mat;Wrist/hand supports or braces | Daily or almost every day | Male;Non-binary, genderqueer, or gender non-conforming | Bisexual or Queer | Bachelor’s degree (BA, BS, B.Eng., etc.) | White or of European descent | 25 - 34 years old | No | No | The survey was an appropriate length | Somewhat easy |
52 | 78 | Yes | No | United States | No | Employed full-time | Master’s degree (MA, MS, M.Eng., MBA, etc.) | Computer science, computer engineering, or software engineering | 500 to 999 employees | Back-end developer;Desktop or enterprise applications developer | 21-23 years | 21-23 years | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
53 | 79 | Yes | Yes | United States | No | Employed full-time | Bachelor’s degree (BA, BS, B.Eng., etc.) | Computer science, computer engineering, or software engineering | 20 to 99 employees | Back-end developer;Full-stack developer | 18-20 years | 18-20 years | Moderately satisfied | Slightly satisfied | Working as an engineering manager or other functional manager | I am not interested in new job opportunities | Between 2 and 4 years ago | 4 | 10 | 5 | 2 | 1 | 8 | 3 | 6 | 7 | 9 | 1 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 9 | 4 | 10 | 6 | 7 | 11 | 8 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | My job status or other personal status changed | U.S. dollars ($) | 115000 | Yearly | 115000 | USD | Office / productivity suite (Microsoft Office, Google Suite, etc.);Slack;Trello | Less than a month | Taken a part-time in-person course in programming or software development;Received on-the-job training in software development;Taught yourself a new language, framework, or tool without taking a formal course;Contributed to open source software | A book or e-book from O’Reilly, Apress, or a similar publisher;A college/university computer science or software engineering book;The technology’s online help system | NA | NA | Strongly agree | Strongly disagree | Disagree | C#;F#;JavaScript;Lua;TypeScript;HTML;CSS | C#;F#;Haskell;Rust;Swift;TypeScript | NA | NA | Azure;Windows Desktop or Server | Azure;Linux;Raspberry Pi;Windows Desktop or Server | Angular;Node.js;Cordova | .NET Core;React;Xamarin | Notepad++;Vim;Visual Studio;Visual Studio Code | Windows | 3 | Agile;Mob programming;Pair programming | Git | Multiple times per day | Yes | No | NA | Somewhat agree | Somewhat agree | Strongly disagree | Stopped going to a website because of their advertising | 2 | 1 | 6 | 5 | 3 | 7 | 4 | Evolving definitions of "fairness" in algorithmic versus human decisions | Increasing automation of jobs | The developers or the people creating the AI | I'm excited about the possibilities more than worried about the dangers. | Depends on what it is | Yes, but only within the company | Upper management at the company/organization | Yes | 9 | Daily or almost daily | Yes | Less than once per month or monthly | Yes | No, I have one but it's out of date | 6 | I'm not sure | Somewhat interested | Not at all interested | A little bit interested | Somewhat interested | A little bit interested | Between 6:01 - 7:00 AM | 9 - 12 hours | Less than 30 minutes | Never | Wrist/hand supports or braces | 1 - 2 times per week | Male | Straight or heterosexual | Secondary school (e.g. American high school, German Realschule or Gymnasium, etc.) | White or of European descent | 35 - 44 years old | Yes | No | The survey was an appropriate length | Very easy |
54 | 80 | Yes | Yes | United States | No | Employed full-time | Master’s degree (MA, MS, M.Eng., MBA, etc.) | Computer science, computer engineering, or software engineering | 100 to 499 employees | Full-stack developer | 9-11 years | 6-8 years | Moderately dissatisfied | Moderately satisfied | Working as a founder or co-founder of my own company | I’m not actively looking, but I am open to new opportunities | Between 1 and 2 years ago | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
55 | 81 | No | Yes | Germany | No | Employed full-time | Some college/university study without earning a degree | Computer science, computer engineering, or software engineering | 100 to 499 employees | Back-end developer;Desktop or enterprise applications developer;Embedded applications or devices developer;Front-end developer;Full-stack developer;System administrator | 9-11 years | 9-11 years | Moderately satisfied | Extremely satisfied | Working as a product manager or project manager | I’m not actively looking, but I am open to new opportunities | Less than a year ago | 9 | 5 | 10 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 6 | 1 | 8 | 7 | 1 | 10 | 11 | 6 | 8 | 9 | 2 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 7 | 5 | 1 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 5 | 6 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 7 | 3 | My job status or other personal status changed | Euros (€) | 5000 | Monthly | 73428 | EUR | Confluence;Jira;Office / productivity suite (Microsoft Office, Google Suite, etc.);Other chat system (IRC, proprietary software, etc.);Other wiki tool (Github, Google Sites, proprietary software, etc.) | Less than a month | Completed an industry certification program (e.g. MCPD);Received on-the-job training in software development;Taught yourself a new language, framework, or tool without taking a formal course;Contributed to open source software | The official documentation and/or standards for the technology | NA | NA | Agree | Strongly agree | Disagree | C;C++;C#;Java;JavaScript;VB.NET;HTML;CSS;Bash/Shell | C;C++;C#;Hack;Java;VB.NET | MySQL;MariaDB | Amazon Redshift;Amazon RDS/Aurora;Google BigQuery;Google Cloud Storage;Elasticsearch | AWS;Linux;Windows Desktop or Server | AWS;Linux;Windows Desktop or Server | Spring | .NET Core | Eclipse;IntelliJ;Notepad++;PHPStorm;Visual Studio | Windows | 3 | Agile;Extreme programming (XP);Scrum | Git | Multiple times per day | Yes | Yes | The website I was visiting forced me to disable it to access their content;The ad-blocking software was causing display issues on a website | Neither agree nor disagree | Somewhat agree | Somewhat agree | Stopped going to a website because of their advertising | 7 | 4 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 6 | 5 | NA | NA | Nobody | I don't care about it, or I haven't thought about it. | Depends on what it is | Yes, but only within the company | Upper management at the company/organization | Unsure / I don't know | 4 | A few times per week | Yes | Less than once per month or monthly | No, I knew that Stack Overflow had a jobs board but have never used or visited it | No, I know what it is but I don't have one | NA | Yes | A little bit interested | Somewhat interested | Not at all interested | Not at all interested | Not at all interested | Between 6:01 - 7:00 AM | 5 - 8 hours | 1 - 2 hours | Never | NA | I don't typically exercise | Male | Straight or heterosexual | Secondary school (e.g. American high school, German Realschule or Gymnasium, etc.) | White or of European descent | 35 - 44 years old | Yes | NA | The survey was too long | Neither easy nor difficult |
56 | 82 | No | No | India | No | Employed full-time | Bachelor’s degree (BA, BS, B.Eng., etc.) | A natural science (ex. biology, chemistry, physics) | 10,000 or more employees | Designer;Front-end developer | 9-11 years | 9-11 years | Moderately satisfied | Extremely satisfied | Working as a founder or co-founder of my own company | I am actively looking for a job | Between 1 and 2 years ago | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | 10 (Very Likely) | Multiple times per day | Yes | I have never participated in Q&A on Stack Overflow | No, I didn't know that Stack Overflow had a jobs board | No, and I don't know what that is | NA | Yes | Very interested | Very interested | Very interested | Extremely interested | Very interested | Between 7:01 - 8:00 AM | 9 - 12 hours | 3 - 4 hours | Never | Ergonomic keyboard or mouse | 1 - 2 times per week | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
57 | 83 | Yes | Yes | Germany | Yes, full-time | Employed full-time | Secondary school (e.g. American high school, German Realschule or Gymnasium, etc.) | NA | 20 to 99 employees | Back-end developer;Desktop or enterprise applications developer;Embedded applications or devices developer | 6-8 years | 0-2 years | Slightly satisfied | Slightly dissatisfied | Working in a different or more specialized technical role than the one I'm in now | I’m not actively looking, but I am open to new opportunities | Between 1 and 2 years ago | 5 | 7 | 8 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 6 | 4 | 10 | 9 | 1 | 8 | 11 | 4 | 10 | 6 | 3 | 2 | 5 | 9 | 7 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | 2 | 5 | 6 | 4 | 1 | 3 | 7 | My job status or other personal status changed | Euros (€) | NA | NA | NA | NA | Office / productivity suite (Microsoft Office, Google Suite, etc.) | One to three months | Received on-the-job training in software development;Taught yourself a new language, framework, or tool without taking a formal course;Contributed to open source software | The official documentation and/or standards for the technology;A college/university computer science or software engineering book;Online developer communities other than Stack Overflow (ex. forums, listservs, IRC channels, etc.);The technology’s online help system | NA | NA | Neither Agree nor Disagree | Agree | Neither Agree nor Disagree | C;C++;C#;Java;Python;SQL | C++;C#;Scala;Kotlin | SQL Server;MySQL;MariaDB | NA | Arduino;Linux;Windows Desktop or Server | Arduino;Linux;Windows Desktop or Server | TensorFlow | Xamarin;TensorFlow | IntelliJ;Notepad++;PyCharm;Visual Studio | Windows | 2 | NA | Git;Subversion | A few times per week | Yes | No | NA | Somewhat disagree | Somewhat agree | Strongly agree | Stopped going to a website because of their advertising | 3 | 6 | 2 | 4 | 7 | 1 | 5 | Increasing automation of jobs | Increasing automation of jobs | The developers or the people creating the AI | I don't care about it, or I haven't thought about it. | Depends on what it is | Depends on what it is | The person who came up with the idea | Yes | 8 | A few times per week | No | NA | No, I knew that Stack Overflow had a jobs board but have never used or visited it | NA | NA | No | Not at all interested | Not at all interested | Not at all interested | Not at all interested | Not at all interested | Between 5:00 - 6:00 AM | 9 - 12 hours | Less than 30 minutes | 3 - 4 times per week | Ergonomic keyboard or mouse | 1 - 2 times per week | Male | Straight or heterosexual | Secondary school (e.g. American high school, German Realschule or Gymnasium, etc.) | White or of European descent | 18 - 24 years old | No | NA | The survey was an appropriate length | Very easy |
58 | 84 | Yes | No | Ireland | No | Employed full-time | Some college/university study without earning a degree | Information systems, information technology, or system administration | 10,000 or more employees | Back-end developer;Full-stack developer | 18-20 years | 15-17 years | Moderately satisfied | Moderately satisfied | Working as an engineering manager or other functional manager | I am not interested in new job opportunities | Between 2 and 4 years ago | 7 | 5 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 6 | 8 | 10 | 9 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 10 | 6 | 5 | 3 | 9 | 11 | 8 | 7 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | A recruiter contacted me | Euros (€) | 105000 | NA | 128507 | EUR | Confluence;Jira;Other chat system (IRC, proprietary software, etc.);Other wiki tool (Github, Google Sites, proprietary software, etc.) | Less than a month | Participated in a full-time developer training program or bootcamp;Completed an industry certification program (e.g. MCPD);Taught yourself a new language, framework, or tool without taking a formal course;Participated in a hackathon | The official documentation and/or standards for the technology;A book or e-book from O’Reilly, Apress, or a similar publisher;Online developer communities other than Stack Overflow (ex. forums, listservs, IRC channels, etc.);Internal Wikis, chat rooms, or documentation set up by my company for employees;The technology’s online help system | I already had a full-time job as a developer when I began the program | Because I find it enjoyable | Agree | Agree | Strongly disagree | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
59 | 85 | Yes | Yes | France | Yes, part-time | Employed part-time | Bachelor’s degree (BA, BS, B.Eng., etc.) | Computer science, computer engineering, or software engineering | 10 to 19 employees | Back-end developer;Front-end developer;Student | 9-11 years | 0-2 years | Neither satisfied nor dissatisfied | Moderately dissatisfied | Working as a founder or co-founder of my own company | I’m not actively looking, but I am open to new opportunities | Less than a year ago | 1 | 10 | 4 | 5 | 2 | 6 | 3 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 1 | 3 | 9 | 11 | 10 | 8 | 4 | 7 | 6 | 2 | 5 | 5 | 1 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 5 | 6 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 7 | 3 | I had a negative experience or interaction at work | Euros (€) | 900 | Monthly | 13212 | EUR | Slack;Other chat system (IRC, proprietary software, etc.);Other wiki tool (Github, Google Sites, proprietary software, etc.) | NA | Taken an online course in programming or software development (e.g. a MOOC);Received on-the-job training in software development;Taught yourself a new language, framework, or tool without taking a formal course;Participated in online coding competitions (e.g. HackerRank, CodeChef, TopCoder);Participated in a hackathon;Contributed to open source software | The official documentation and/or standards for the technology;Questions & answers on Stack Overflow;Online developer communities other than Stack Overflow (ex. forums, listservs, IRC channels, etc.) | NA | To improve my general technical skills or programming ability;To improve my knowledge of a specific programming language, framework, or other technology;To build my professional network;To help me find new job opportunities;To win prizes or cash awards;Because I find it enjoyable | Agree | Disagree | Agree | Assembly;C;C++;C#;Java;JavaScript;Python;SQL;HTML;CSS;Bash/Shell | Assembly;C;C++ | MongoDB;MySQL;PostgreSQL;SQLite;MariaDB;Elasticsearch | NA | Android;Arduino;Heroku;Linux;Raspberry Pi | Android;Arduino;ESP8266;Linux;Raspberry Pi | Angular;Django;Node.js;React | NA | Android Studio;Atom;Emacs;Notepad++;PyCharm;Visual Studio | Linux-based | 3 | Agile;Extreme programming (XP);Kanban;Pair programming;Scrum | Git | Multiple times per day | Yes | Yes | The ad-blocking software was causing display issues on a website;I wanted to support the website I was visiting by viewing their ads | Somewhat disagree | Somewhat agree | Somewhat agree | Stopped going to a website because of their advertising | 1 | 3 | 6 | 5 | 4 | 7 | 2 | Evolving definitions of "fairness" in algorithmic versus human decisions | Artificial intelligence surpassing human intelligence ("the singularity") | Nobody | I'm excited about the possibilities more than worried about the dangers. | No | Depends on what it is | NA | Yes | 10 (Very Likely) | Multiple times per day | No | NA | Yes | NA | 5 | I'm not sure | Extremely interested | Extremely interested | A little bit interested | Very interested | Very interested | Between 5:00 - 6:00 AM | Over 12 hours | 1 - 2 hours | Daily or almost every day | NA | I don't typically exercise | Male | Straight or heterosexual | Bachelor’s degree (BA, BS, B.Eng., etc.) | White or of European descent | 18 - 24 years old | No | NA | The survey was too long | Very easy |
60 | 87 | Yes | Yes | Ukraine | No | Employed full-time | Master’s degree (MA, MS, M.Eng., MBA, etc.) | Computer science, computer engineering, or software engineering | 20 to 99 employees | Back-end developer;Database administrator;Desktop or enterprise applications developer;DevOps specialist;Full-stack developer;QA or test developer | 9-11 years | 9-11 years | Slightly dissatisfied | Slightly dissatisfied | Working in a different or more specialized technical role than the one I'm in now | I’m not actively looking, but I am open to new opportunities | More than 4 years ago | 9 | 8 | 4 | 2 | 5 | 1 | 7 | 6 | 10 | 3 | 1 | 6 | 4 | 10 | 11 | 3 | 2 | 5 | 7 | 9 | 8 | 5 | 2 | 4 | 1 | 3 | 7 | 5 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 4 | 6 | My job status or other personal status changed | Euros (€) | NA | NA | NA | NA | Jira;Slack | Three to six months | Participated in online coding competitions (e.g. HackerRank, CodeChef, TopCoder);Participated in a hackathon;Contributed to open source software | NA | NA | To improve my knowledge of a specific programming language, framework, or other technology | Neither Agree nor Disagree | Disagree | Strongly disagree | Java;SQL | Java | PostgreSQL | PostgreSQL | Linux | NA | Spring | NA | Eclipse;IntelliJ | Windows | 1 | Agile;Extreme programming (XP);Pair programming;Scrum | Git | Multiple times per day | Yes | Yes | The website I was visiting forced me to disable it to access their content | Somewhat agree | Somewhat agree | Neither agree nor disagree | Clicked on an online advertisement;Saw an online advertisement and then researched it (without clicking on the ad);Stopped going to a website because of their advertising | 1 | 3 | 2 | 5 | 7 | 4 | 6 | Algorithms making important decisions | Increasing automation of jobs | The developers or the people creating the AI | I'm excited about the possibilities more than worried about the dangers. | No | Depends on what it is | The developer who wrote it | Yes | 9 | A few times per week | Yes | Less than once per month or monthly | No, I knew that Stack Overflow had a jobs board but have never used or visited it | No, I know what it is but I don't have one | NA | Yes | Somewhat interested | Somewhat interested | Very interested | Somewhat interested | Somewhat interested | Between 7:01 - 8:00 AM | Over 12 hours | 1 - 2 hours | Never | Ergonomic keyboard or mouse | I don't typically exercise | Male | Straight or heterosexual | Master’s degree (MA, MS, M.Eng., MBA, etc.) | White or of European descent | 25 - 34 years old | No | NA | The survey was an appropriate length | Somewhat easy |
61 | 88 | No | No | Spain | No | Employed full-time | Master’s degree (MA, MS, M.Eng., MBA, etc.) | A natural science (ex. biology, chemistry, physics) | Fewer than 10 employees | Back-end developer;Data or business analyst;Database administrator;Desktop or enterprise applications developer;Educator or academic researcher;Front-end developer;QA or test developer;System administrator | 18-20 years | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
62 | 89 | Yes | No | Denmark | Yes, full-time | Employed part-time | Bachelor’s degree (BA, BS, B.Eng., etc.) | A natural science (ex. biology, chemistry, physics) | 10 to 19 employees | Back-end developer;Database administrator;Front-end developer;Student;System administrator | 3-5 years | 3-5 years | Neither satisfied nor dissatisfied | Neither satisfied nor dissatisfied | Working in a career completely unrelated to software development | I’m not actively looking, but I am open to new opportunities | Between 1 and 2 years ago | 1 | 6 | 2 | 4 | 7 | 5 | 9 | 3 | 10 | 8 | 4 | 10 | 1 | 5 | 8 | 11 | 7 | 6 | 3 | 2 | 9 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 5 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 4 | 6 | 5 | 7 | My job status or other personal status changed | Danish krone (kr) | NA | Monthly | NA | DKK | NA | One to three months | Taught yourself a new language, framework, or tool without taking a formal course;Contributed to open source software | The official documentation and/or standards for the technology;Questions & answers on Stack Overflow;Online developer communities other than Stack Overflow (ex. forums, listservs, IRC channels, etc.);The technology’s online help system | NA | NA | Strongly agree | Neither Agree nor Disagree | Neither Agree nor Disagree | JavaScript;Julia;PHP;Python;SQL;VBA;HTML;CSS;Bash/Shell | Haskell;JavaScript;Julia;PHP;Python;Rust;SQL;HTML;CSS;Bash/Shell | MongoDB;SQL Server;MySQL;SQLite;MariaDB | SQL Server;MySQL;PostgreSQL;SQLite;MariaDB | iOS;Linux;Raspberry Pi;Windows Desktop or Server;WordPress | iOS;Linux;Raspberry Pi | NA | NA | Emacs;Vim | Linux-based | 1 | NA | Git;Copying and pasting files to network shares | Weekly or a few times per month | Yes | Yes | The ad-blocking software was causing display issues on a website | Somewhat agree | Somewhat agree | Somewhat agree | NA | 3 | 4 | 1 | 2 | 6 | 7 | 5 | Artificial intelligence surpassing human intelligence ("the singularity") | Artificial intelligence surpassing human intelligence ("the singularity") | The developers or the people creating the AI | I'm worried about the dangers more than I'm excited about the possibilities. | No | Yes, and publicly | The person who came up with the idea | Yes | 7 | A few times per week | No | NA | No, I knew that Stack Overflow had a jobs board but have never used or visited it | NA | NA | No | Not at all interested | A little bit interested | Somewhat interested | Not at all interested | Not at all interested | Between 7:01 - 8:00 AM | 5 - 8 hours | 1 - 2 hours | 1 - 2 times per week | NA | Daily or almost every day | Male | Straight or heterosexual | Other doctoral degree (Ph.D, Ed.D., etc.) | White or of European descent | 18 - 24 years old | No | NA | The survey was too long | Somewhat difficult |
63 | 90 | No | No | United States | No | Employed full-time | Bachelor’s degree (BA, BS, B.Eng., etc.) | Fine arts or performing arts (ex. graphic design, music, studio art) | 10,000 or more employees | Designer;Front-end developer;Marketing or sales professional | 12-14 years | 3-5 years | Slightly satisfied | Slightly satisfied | Working as an engineering manager or other functional manager | I’m not actively looking, but I am open to new opportunities | Between 2 and 4 years ago | 2 | 9 | 8 | 6 | 3 | 1 | 4 | 5 | 10 | 7 | 1 | 9 | 5 | 2 | 7 | 6 | 8 | 4 | 11 | 10 | 3 | 4 | 1 | 5 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 6 | 5 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 7 | A friend told me about a job opportunity | U.S. dollars ($) | NA | NA | NA | NA | Slack | Less than a month | Taken an online course in programming or software development (e.g. a MOOC);Taught yourself a new language, framework, or tool without taking a formal course | The official documentation and/or standards for the technology;A book or e-book from O’Reilly, Apress, or a similar publisher;Questions & answers on Stack Overflow;Online developer communities other than Stack Overflow (ex. forums, listservs, IRC channels, etc.);The technology’s online help system | NA | NA | Agree | Neither Agree nor Disagree | Agree | JavaScript;PHP;HTML;CSS | JavaScript;PHP;Ruby;VB.NET;HTML;CSS | MySQL | NA | SharePoint;WordPress | AWS;WordPress | NA | Node.js | Xcode | MacOS | 3 | NA | Copying and pasting files to network shares | Multiple times per day | No | NA | NA | Somewhat agree | Somewhat agree | Neither agree nor disagree | Saw an online advertisement and then researched it (without clicking on the ad);Stopped going to a website because of their advertising | 5 | 1 | 3 | 4 | 7 | 6 | 2 | Algorithms making important decisions | Evolving definitions of "fairness" in algorithmic versus human decisions | The developers or the people creating the AI | I'm excited about the possibilities more than worried about the dangers. | No | Yes, and publicly | Upper management at the company/organization | Yes | 10 (Very Likely) | Multiple times per day | Yes | I have never participated in Q&A on Stack Overflow | No, I knew that Stack Overflow had a jobs board but have never used or visited it | No, and I don't know what that is | NA | I'm not sure | Very interested | A little bit interested | Not at all interested | A little bit interested | Very interested | Between 7:01 - 8:00 AM | 5 - 8 hours | 30 - 59 minutes | Never | Standing desk;Wrist/hand supports or braces | I don't typically exercise | Male | Straight or heterosexual | Associate degree | White or of European descent | 25 - 34 years old | No | No | The survey was too long | Very easy |
64 | 91 | Yes | Yes | United States | No | Employed full-time | Master’s degree (MA, MS, M.Eng., MBA, etc.) | Computer science, computer engineering, or software engineering | 10,000 or more employees | Back-end developer;Data scientist or machine learning specialist;DevOps specialist;Educator or academic researcher;QA or test developer;System administrator | 12-14 years | 6-8 years | Moderately satisfied | Neither satisfied nor dissatisfied | Working in a different or more specialized technical role than the one I'm in now | I’m not actively looking, but I am open to new opportunities | Less than a year ago | 5 | 9 | 4 | 10 | 6 | 1 | 3 | 7 | 2 | 8 | 4 | 11 | 5 | 6 | 3 | 9 | 10 | 2 | 7 | 8 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 5 | 4 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | A recruiter contacted me | U.S. dollars ($) | 120000 | Yearly | 120000 | USD | Confluence;Jira;Slack;Other wiki tool (Github, Google Sites, proprietary software, etc.) | One to three months | Taken an online course in programming or software development (e.g. a MOOC);Participated in a full-time developer training program or bootcamp;Taken a part-time in-person course in programming or software development;Received on-the-job training in software development;Taught yourself a new language, framework, or tool without taking a formal course;Participated in a hackathon;Contributed to open source software | The official documentation and/or standards for the technology;A book or e-book from O’Reilly, Apress, or a similar publisher;A college/university computer science or software engineering book;Questions & answers on Stack Overflow;Online developer communities other than Stack Overflow (ex. forums, listservs, IRC channels, etc.);Internal Wikis, chat rooms, or documentation set up by my company for employees;Pre-scheduled tutoring or mentoring sessions with a friend or colleague;Tapping your network of friends, family, and peers versed in the technology;The technology’s online help system | I already had a full-time job as a developer when I began the program | To improve my general technical skills or programming ability;To improve my knowledge of a specific programming language, framework, or other technology;To improve my ability to work on a team with other programmers;To build my professional network | Disagree | Strongly disagree | Strongly disagree | C;F#;Haskell;Python;Scala | C;F#;Haskell;Java;Python;R | MySQL;PostgreSQL;Apache HBase;Apache Hive;Amazon Redshift;Neo4j | NA | IBM Cloud or Watson | NA | Hadoop;Spark;Torch/PyTorch | Hadoop;Spark;Torch/PyTorch | Notepad++;Vim | BSD/Unix | 2 | Agile;Kanban | Git;Subversion;Zip file back-ups | Multiple times per day | Yes | No | NA | Strongly disagree | Strongly disagree | Strongly agree | Stopped going to a website because of their advertising | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | Increasing automation of jobs | NA | I'm worried about the dangers more than I'm excited about the possibilities. | No | Yes, and publicly | NA | Yes | 7 | Less than once per month or monthly | Yes | Less than once per month or monthly | Yes | No, I have one but it's out of date | 5 | Yes | Somewhat interested | Not at all interested | A little bit interested | A little bit interested | A little bit interested | Between 5:00 - 6:00 AM | 9 - 12 hours | 3 - 4 hours | 3 - 4 times per week | NA | Daily or almost every day | Male | Straight or heterosexual | Professional degree (JD, MD, etc.) | White or of European descent | 25 - 34 years old | No | No | The survey was too long | Somewhat easy |
65 | 92 | Yes | Yes | Germany | No | Employed full-time | Bachelor’s degree (BA, BS, B.Eng., etc.) | Computer science, computer engineering, or software engineering | 500 to 999 employees | Full-stack developer | 6-8 years | 0-2 years | Slightly dissatisfied | Slightly satisfied | Doing the same work | I am actively looking for a job | Between 1 and 2 years ago | 6 | 2 | 8 | 1 | 3 | 5 | 10 | 4 | 9 | 7 | 1 | 9 | 2 | 7 | 10 | 3 | 11 | 4 | 8 | 5 | 6 | 4 | 1 | 5 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 5 | 1 | 7 | 4 | 6 | My job status or other personal status changed | Euros (€) | 40000 | NA | 48955 | EUR | Jira;Trello | One to three months | Received on-the-job training in software development;Taught yourself a new language, framework, or tool without taking a formal course | The official documentation and/or standards for the technology;Questions & answers on Stack Overflow;Online developer communities other than Stack Overflow (ex. forums, listservs, IRC channels, etc.) | NA | NA | Agree | Disagree | Agree | JavaScript;PHP;Python;SQL;TypeScript;HTML;CSS | JavaScript;PHP;SQL;TypeScript;HTML;CSS | Redis;MariaDB;Amazon DynamoDB | Redis;MariaDB;Amazon DynamoDB | AWS;WordPress | AWS;WordPress | Angular;Node.js | Angular;Node.js;React | PHPStorm | Windows | 3 | NA | Git;Subversion | Multiple times per day | Yes | Yes | I wanted to support the website I was visiting by viewing their ads | Somewhat agree | Somewhat agree | Somewhat disagree | Clicked on an online advertisement;Saw an online advertisement and then researched it (without clicking on the ad) | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | Artificial intelligence surpassing human intelligence ("the singularity") | NA | A governmental or other regulatory body | I'm excited about the possibilities more than worried about the dangers. | No | Yes, but only within the company | The person who came up with the idea | Yes | 10 (Very Likely) | Multiple times per day | Yes | A few times per month or weekly | Yes | No, and I don't know what that is | 8 | Yes | A little bit interested | Not at all interested | Somewhat interested | Somewhat interested | Very interested | Between 5:00 - 6:00 AM | 9 - 12 hours | 30 - 59 minutes | Never | NA | 1 - 2 times per week | Male | Straight or heterosexual | Secondary school (e.g. American high school, German Realschule or Gymnasium, etc.) | White or of European descent | 18 - 24 years old | No | NA | The survey was too long | Very easy |
66 | 95 | Yes | No | Dominican Republic | No | Employed full-time | Bachelor’s degree (BA, BS, B.Eng., etc.) | A business discipline (ex. accounting, finance, marketing) | 20 to 99 employees | C-suite executive (CEO, CTO, etc.) | 3-5 years | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | Monthly | NA | NA | NA | NA | Taken an online course in programming or software development (e.g. a MOOC);Taught yourself a new language, framework, or tool without taking a formal course | The official documentation and/or standards for the technology;A college/university computer science or software engineering book;Questions & answers on Stack Overflow;Online developer communities other than Stack Overflow (ex. forums, listservs, IRC channels, etc.);Tapping your network of friends, family, and peers versed in the technology | NA | NA | Strongly agree | Agree | Strongly disagree | JavaScript;PHP;SQL;HTML;CSS | JavaScript;HTML;CSS | MongoDB;MySQL | MongoDB | AWS;Heroku | NA | Node.js | Node.js | Sublime Text | Windows | 1 | NA | Git;Copying and pasting files to network shares | A few times per week | Yes | Yes | The website I was visiting forced me to disable it to access their content | Strongly agree | Somewhat agree | Strongly disagree | Clicked on an online advertisement;Saw an online advertisement and then researched it (without clicking on the ad);Stopped going to a website because of their advertising | 1 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 7 | 6 | 4 | Algorithms making important decisions | Increasing automation of jobs | The developers or the people creating the AI | I'm excited about the possibilities more than worried about the dangers. | No | Yes, but only within the company | Upper management at the company/organization | Yes | 10 (Very Likely) | A few times per month or weekly | Yes | I have never participated in Q&A on Stack Overflow | No, I knew that Stack Overflow had a jobs board but have never used or visited it | No, and I don't know what that is | NA | No | Extremely interested | Not at all interested | Somewhat interested | Very interested | Very interested | Between 6:01 - 7:00 AM | 5 - 8 hours | Less than 30 minutes | Never | NA | I don't typically exercise | Male | Straight or heterosexual | Master’s degree (MA, MS, M.Eng., MBA, etc.) | Hispanic or Latino/Latina;White or of European descent | 18 - 24 years old | No | NA | The survey was an appropriate length | Neither easy nor difficult |
67 | 96 | Yes | Yes | China | No | Employed full-time | Bachelor’s degree (BA, BS, B.Eng., etc.) | Computer science, computer engineering, or software engineering | 1,000 to 4,999 employees | Back-end developer;Database administrator;Front-end developer | 6-8 years | 0-2 years | Moderately dissatisfied | Slightly dissatisfied | Working as a product manager or project manager | I’m not actively looking, but I am open to new opportunities | Between 1 and 2 years ago | 9 | 1 | 10 | 7 | 2 | 5 | 6 | 4 | 8 | 3 | 1 | 4 | 8 | 7 | 5 | 9 | 3 | 10 | 6 | 2 | 11 | 3 | 1 | 5 | 2 | 4 | 2 | 7 | 3 | 5 | 4 | 1 | 6 | My job status or other personal status changed | Chinese yuan renminbi (¥) | 2500 | Weekly | 19500 | CNY | Google Hangouts/Chat;Other chat system (IRC, proprietary software, etc.) | One to three months | Taught yourself a new language, framework, or tool without taking a formal course;Participated in online coding competitions (e.g. HackerRank, CodeChef, TopCoder);Contributed to open source software | The official documentation and/or standards for the technology;A book or e-book from O’Reilly, Apress, or a similar publisher;Questions & answers on Stack Overflow;Online developer communities other than Stack Overflow (ex. forums, listservs, IRC channels, etc.);The technology’s online help system | NA | To improve my general technical skills or programming ability;To win prizes or cash awards;Because I find it enjoyable | Agree | Neither Agree nor Disagree | Strongly disagree | C#;Python | C++;C#;Python;Rust;TypeScript | SQL Server | SQL Server | Windows Desktop or Server | Android;Linux;Windows Desktop or Server | NA | .NET Core;Node.js | Visual Studio;Visual Studio Code | Windows | 1 | Scrum | Git;Team Foundation Version Control | Multiple times per day | No | NA | NA | Neither agree nor disagree | Somewhat agree | Strongly disagree | Paid to access a website advertisement-free | 1 | 7 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | NA | Algorithms making important decisions | The developers or the people creating the AI | I'm excited about the possibilities more than worried about the dangers. | Depends on what it is | No | Upper management at the company/organization | Yes | 10 (Very Likely) | Daily or almost daily | No | NA | No, I didn't know that Stack Overflow had a jobs board | NA | NA | I'm not sure | Somewhat interested | A little bit interested | Not at all interested | Somewhat interested | Somewhat interested | Between 8:01 - 9:00 AM | 5 - 8 hours | 1 - 2 hours | Never | NA | 1 - 2 times per week | Male | Asexual | Bachelor’s degree (BA, BS, B.Eng., etc.) | South Asian | 18 - 24 years old | No | NA | The survey was an appropriate length | Somewhat easy |
68 | 97 | Yes | No | United States | No | Employed full-time | Master’s degree (MA, MS, M.Eng., MBA, etc.) | Computer science, computer engineering, or software engineering | 10 to 19 employees | Back-end developer;Database administrator;Designer;DevOps specialist;Front-end developer;Full-stack developer;Mobile developer;Product manager | 3-5 years | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | 10 (Very Likely) | Daily or almost daily | Yes | A few times per week | Yes | No, I know what it is but I don't have one | 10 (Very Likely) | Yes | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
69 | 98 | Yes | No | United States | No | Employed full-time | Associate degree | Fine arts or performing arts (ex. graphic design, music, studio art) | 1,000 to 4,999 employees | Data or business analyst;Database administrator;DevOps specialist;System administrator | 9-11 years | 9-11 years | Moderately satisfied | Slightly satisfied | Working in a different or more specialized technical role than the one I'm in now | I’m not actively looking, but I am open to new opportunities | Less than a year ago | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
70 | 101 | Yes | Yes | India | Yes, full-time | Employed full-time | Master’s degree (MA, MS, M.Eng., MBA, etc.) | Computer science, computer engineering, or software engineering | 100 to 499 employees | Mobile developer | 3-5 years | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | 4 | A few times per month or weekly | Yes | I have never participated in Q&A on Stack Overflow | No, I didn't know that Stack Overflow had a jobs board | No, and I don't know what that is | NA | No | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
71 | 103 | Yes | Yes | Russian Federation | Yes, full-time | Employed part-time | Secondary school (e.g. American high school, German Realschule or Gymnasium, etc.) | NA | 10 to 19 employees | Back-end developer;Desktop or enterprise applications developer;Front-end developer;Full-stack developer;Game or graphics developer;Student | 6-8 years | 3-5 years | Slightly dissatisfied | Extremely dissatisfied | Working in a different or more specialized technical role than the one I'm in now | I’m not actively looking, but I am open to new opportunities | Less than a year ago | 1 | 9 | 8 | 4 | 2 | 10 | 3 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 1 | 9 | 2 | 5 | 6 | 10 | 4 | 3 | 8 | 7 | 11 | 5 | 2 | 4 | 3 | 1 | 5 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 4 | 7 | 6 | My job status or other personal status changed | Russian rubles (₽) | NA | Monthly | NA | RUB | NA | Less than a month | Participated in online coding competitions (e.g. HackerRank, CodeChef, TopCoder);Participated in a hackathon | NA | NA | To help me find new job opportunities;To win prizes or cash awards | Disagree | Disagree | Strongly agree | C++;Java;JavaScript;Matlab;PHP;Python;SQL;HTML;CSS;Bash/Shell | Go;JavaScript;HTML;CSS | MongoDB;MySQL;Oracle;Memcached | MongoDB | Windows Desktop or Server | NA | Node.js;Cordova | Node.js | IntelliJ;Notepad++;PHPStorm | Windows | 1 | Agile | Git | Weekly or a few times per month | Yes | Yes | The website I was visiting forced me to disable it to access their content;The ad-blocking software was causing display issues on a website;The website I was visiting asked me to disable it | Somewhat agree | Somewhat agree | Neither agree nor disagree | Stopped going to a website because of their advertising | 5 | 4 | 2 | 6 | 3 | 7 | 1 | Artificial intelligence surpassing human intelligence ("the singularity") | Artificial intelligence surpassing human intelligence ("the singularity") | The developers or the people creating the AI | I'm excited about the possibilities more than worried about the dangers. | Depends on what it is | Depends on what it is | Upper management at the company/organization | Unsure / I don't know | 10 (Very Likely) | Multiple times per day | Yes | Less than once per month or monthly | Yes | No, I have one but it's out of date | 10 (Very Likely) | I'm not sure | Not at all interested | A little bit interested | Not at all interested | Very interested | Somewhat interested | Between 7:01 - 8:00 AM | 5 - 8 hours | 30 - 59 minutes | Never | Standing desk | I don't typically exercise | Male | Straight or heterosexual | NA | NA | 18 - 24 years old | No | NA | The survey was too long | Somewhat difficult |
72 | 105 | Yes | Yes | China | No | Employed full-time | Master’s degree (MA, MS, M.Eng., MBA, etc.) | Another engineering discipline (ex. civil, electrical, mechanical) | 10,000 or more employees | Back-end developer;Full-stack developer;QA or test developer | 12-14 years | 3-5 years | Neither satisfied nor dissatisfied | Neither satisfied nor dissatisfied | Working in a different or more specialized technical role than the one I'm in now | I’m not actively looking, but I am open to new opportunities | Between 2 and 4 years ago | 3 | 5 | 6 | 9 | 1 | 8 | 7 | 2 | 10 | 4 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 8 | 11 | 3 | 5 | 6 | 9 | 7 | 10 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 5 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 6 | 3 | 5 | 4 | 7 | I had a negative experience or interaction at work | Chinese yuan renminbi (¥) | 550000 | Yearly | 85708 | CNY | Jira | One to three months | Taught yourself a new language, framework, or tool without taking a formal course;Contributed to open source software | The official documentation and/or standards for the technology;The technology’s online help system | NA | NA | Agree | Disagree | Strongly disagree | Perl;R;SQL | Haskell;Perl;R;SQL | NA | NA | Linux | Linux | NA | NA | RStudio;Vim | Linux-based | 2 | Kanban | Git | Once a day | No | NA | NA | Somewhat disagree | Neither agree nor disagree | Somewhat agree | NA | 1 | 6 | 2 | 4 | 7 | 3 | 5 | Evolving definitions of "fairness" in algorithmic versus human decisions | Algorithms making important decisions | The developers or the people creating the AI | I don't care about it, or I haven't thought about it. | No | Depends on what it is | Upper management at the company/organization | Yes | 9 | Less than once per month or monthly | Yes | I have never participated in Q&A on Stack Overflow | No, I knew that Stack Overflow had a jobs board but have never used or visited it | No, and I don't know what that is | NA | No | Not at all interested | Not at all interested | Not at all interested | Not at all interested | Not at all interested | Between 8:01 - 9:00 AM | 5 - 8 hours | 1 - 2 hours | Never | NA | I don't typically exercise | Male | Straight or heterosexual | Bachelor’s degree (BA, BS, B.Eng., etc.) | East Asian | 35 - 44 years old | Yes | NA | The survey was an appropriate length | Somewhat easy |
73 | 106 | Yes | Yes | Latvia | No | Employed full-time | Some college/university study without earning a degree | Computer science, computer engineering, or software engineering | 10 to 19 employees | Back-end developer;C-suite executive (CEO, CTO, etc.);Database administrator;DevOps specialist;Engineering manager;Full-stack developer;System administrator | 12-14 years | 12-14 years | Slightly satisfied | Moderately dissatisfied | Working as a founder or co-founder of my own company | I’m not actively looking, but I am open to new opportunities | More than 4 years ago | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
74 | 107 | No | No | Algeria | No | Employed full-time | Bachelor’s degree (BA, BS, B.Eng., etc.) | Computer science, computer engineering, or software engineering | Fewer than 10 employees | Back-end developer;Database administrator;Designer;Front-end developer;Full-stack developer;Mobile developer;System administrator | 6-8 years | 6-8 years | Moderately satisfied | Neither satisfied nor dissatisfied | Working as a product manager or project manager | I am not interested in new job opportunities | More than 4 years ago | 1 | 7 | 5 | 6 | 4 | 3 | 9 | 8 | 10 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 4 | 11 | 6 | 10 | 8 | 5 | 9 | 7 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | My job status or other personal status changed | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | Three to six months | Taken an online course in programming or software development (e.g. a MOOC);Taught yourself a new language, framework, or tool without taking a formal course | The official documentation and/or standards for the technology;Questions & answers on Stack Overflow;The technology’s online help system | NA | NA | Neither Agree nor Disagree | Neither Agree nor Disagree | Neither Agree nor Disagree | JavaScript;PHP;SQL;TypeScript;HTML;CSS;Bash/Shell | Java;JavaScript;PHP;Python;SQL;TypeScript;HTML;CSS;Bash/Shell | MySQL | MySQL | Android;iOS;Linux | Android;iOS;Linux | Angular;Node.js;Cordova | Angular;Node.js;Cordova | Notepad++ | Windows | 2 | NA | Copying and pasting files to network shares;Zip file back-ups | A few times per week | Yes | Yes | The website I was visiting forced me to disable it to access their content;I wanted to view a specific advertisement;I wanted to support the website I was visiting by viewing their ads | Neither agree nor disagree | Neither agree nor disagree | Neither agree nor disagree | Clicked on an online advertisement;Stopped going to a website because of their advertising | 7 | 3 | 6 | 2 | 1 | 5 | 4 | Evolving definitions of "fairness" in algorithmic versus human decisions | Evolving definitions of "fairness" in algorithmic versus human decisions | Prominent industry leaders | I'm excited about the possibilities more than worried about the dangers. | No | Depends on what it is | Upper management at the company/organization | Yes | 10 (Very Likely) | Daily or almost daily | Yes | Less than once per month or monthly | No, I knew that Stack Overflow had a jobs board but have never used or visited it | No, and I don't know what that is | NA | No | A little bit interested | Not at all interested | Not at all interested | A little bit interested | A little bit interested | Between 7:01 - 8:00 AM | NA | 1 - 2 hours | Never | NA | I don't typically exercise | Male | Straight or heterosexual | Secondary school (e.g. American high school, German Realschule or Gymnasium, etc.) | Black or of African descent | 25 - 34 years old | No | NA | The survey was too long | Somewhat easy |
75 | 111 | Yes | Yes | United States | No | Employed full-time | Bachelor’s degree (BA, BS, B.Eng., etc.) | A humanities discipline (ex. literature, history, philosophy) | Fewer than 10 employees | Back-end developer;Full-stack developer;System administrator | 0-2 years | 0-2 years | Moderately satisfied | Extremely satisfied | Doing the same work | I’m not actively looking, but I am open to new opportunities | Between 1 and 2 years ago | 10 | 8 | 7 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 6 | 4 | 9 | 5 | 1 | 8 | 2 | 10 | 4 | 7 | 3 | 5 | 9 | 6 | 11 | 4 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 5 | 2 | 3 | 7 | 1 | 5 | 4 | 6 | My job status or other personal status changed | U.S. dollars ($) | 3000 | Monthly | 36000 | USD | NA | Less than a month | Participated in a full-time developer training program or bootcamp;Taught yourself a new language, framework, or tool without taking a formal course;Participated in a hackathon;Contributed to open source software | The official documentation and/or standards for the technology;Questions & answers on Stack Overflow;Online developer communities other than Stack Overflow (ex. forums, listservs, IRC channels, etc.);The technology’s online help system | Four to six months | To improve my general technical skills or programming ability;To improve my knowledge of a specific programming language, framework, or other technology;To improve my ability to work on a team with other programmers;Because I find it enjoyable | Strongly agree | Disagree | Strongly agree | Java;JavaScript;SQL;HTML;CSS;Bash/Shell | Java;JavaScript;PHP;Ruby;SQL;Bash/Shell | PostgreSQL | PostgreSQL | Linux | Linux;Raspberry Pi | NA | NA | Vim | Linux-based | 2 | NA | Git;Subversion | Multiple times per day | Yes | Yes | The website I was visiting asked me to disable it;I wanted to support the website I was visiting by viewing their ads | Neither agree nor disagree | Neither agree nor disagree | Neither agree nor disagree | Stopped going to a website because of their advertising | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | Evolving definitions of "fairness" in algorithmic versus human decisions | Algorithms making important decisions | Prominent industry leaders | I'm excited about the possibilities more than worried about the dangers. | No | Yes, but only within the company | Upper management at the company/organization | Yes | 10 (Very Likely) | Multiple times per day | Yes | Less than once per month or monthly | No, I knew that Stack Overflow had a jobs board but have never used or visited it | No, and I don't know what that is | NA | Yes | Not at all interested | A little bit interested | Somewhat interested | Very interested | A little bit interested | Between 7:01 - 8:00 AM | 9 - 12 hours | 30 - 59 minutes | Never | NA | 1 - 2 times per week | Male | Straight or heterosexual | Bachelor’s degree (BA, BS, B.Eng., etc.) | White or of European descent | 25 - 34 years old | No | No | The survey was an appropriate length | Somewhat easy |
76 | 112 | Yes | Yes | India | No | Employed full-time | Bachelor’s degree (BA, BS, B.Eng., etc.) | Computer science, computer engineering, or software engineering | 20 to 99 employees | Mobile developer | 3-5 years | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | C;Java;Objective-C;Swift | Swift | MySQL | MySQL | iOS | Android;Apple Watch or Apple TV;iOS;Firebase | Node.js | NA | Xcode | MacOS | 2 | Agile;Scrum | Git;Subversion;Zip file back-ups | Multiple times per day | Yes | Yes | The website I was visiting asked me to disable it | Somewhat agree | Neither agree nor disagree | Somewhat agree | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | Increasing automation of jobs | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | Yes | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
77 | 113 | Yes | Yes | United States | No | Employed full-time | Bachelor’s degree (BA, BS, B.Eng., etc.) | Computer science, computer engineering, or software engineering | 10,000 or more employees | Desktop or enterprise applications developer;Front-end developer;Product manager | 24-26 years | 21-23 years | Moderately satisfied | Moderately satisfied | Doing the same work | I’m not actively looking, but I am open to new opportunities | More than 4 years ago | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | C#;JavaScript;TypeScript | C#;JavaScript;TypeScript | NA | NA | Windows Desktop or Server | Windows Desktop or Server | .NET Core;Node.js | .NET Core;Node.js | Notepad++;Visual Studio;Visual Studio Code | Windows | 3 | Kanban | Git | Multiple times per day | Yes | No | NA | Neither agree nor disagree | Somewhat disagree | Neither agree nor disagree | NA | 3 | 6 | 1 | 4 | 2 | 5 | 7 | Algorithms making important decisions | Increasing automation of jobs | NA | I don't care about it, or I haven't thought about it. | Depends on what it is | Yes, but only within the company | Upper management at the company/organization | Yes | 7 | A few times per week | Yes | I have never participated in Q&A on Stack Overflow | No, I didn't know that Stack Overflow had a jobs board | No, and I don't know what that is | NA | I'm not sure | Not at all interested | Not at all interested | Not at all interested | Not at all interested | Not at all interested | Before 5:00 AM | 9 - 12 hours | 1 - 2 hours | Never | NA | Daily or almost every day | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
78 | 117 | No | No | Colombia | No | Employed full-time | Master’s degree (MA, MS, M.Eng., MBA, etc.) | Another engineering discipline (ex. civil, electrical, mechanical) | 1,000 to 4,999 employees | Back-end developer;Front-end developer;Full-stack developer | 15-17 years | 12-14 years | Slightly satisfied | Extremely satisfied | Working in a different or more specialized technical role than the one I'm in now | I am actively looking for a job | Between 2 and 4 years ago | 9 | 7 | 8 | 3 | 1 | 6 | 2 | 4 | 10 | 5 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 9 | 7 | 4 | 5 | 10 | 11 | 6 | 8 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | I saw an employer’s advertisement | NA | 15200000 | Monthly | 64116 | COP | Confluence;Google Hangouts/Chat;HipChat;Jira;Office / productivity suite (Microsoft Office, Google Suite, etc.);Slack;Trello;Other wiki tool (Github, Google Sites, proprietary software, etc.) | Less than a month | Taken an online course in programming or software development (e.g. a MOOC) | NA | NA | NA | Neither Agree nor Disagree | Strongly agree | Strongly disagree | Java;JavaScript;PHP;SQL;TypeScript;HTML;CSS | Java;JavaScript;PHP;TypeScript;HTML;CSS | MySQL;Oracle;Microsoft Azure (Tables, CosmosDB, SQL, etc);Elasticsearch | Cassandra;MongoDB;Redis;Apache HBase;Apache Hive;Memcached | WordPress | WordPress | React;Spring | React;Spring | Eclipse;NetBeans;Notepad++;Visual Studio Code | Windows | 1 | Agile;Kanban;Scrum | Git;Subversion | A few times per week | Yes | Yes | The website I was visiting forced me to disable it to access their content;The ad-blocking software was causing display issues on a website | NA | NA | Somewhat agree | Clicked on an online advertisement | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | Increasing automation of jobs | Algorithms making important decisions | The developers or the people creating the AI | I'm worried about the dangers more than I'm excited about the possibilities. | No | Depends on what it is | The person who came up with the idea | Unsure / I don't know | 10 (Very Likely) | Multiple times per day | Yes | I have never participated in Q&A on Stack Overflow | Yes | No, and I don't know what that is | 10 (Very Likely) | No | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | Between 8:01 - 9:00 AM | Over 12 hours | 1 - 2 hours | 3 - 4 times per week | NA | I don't typically exercise | Male | Straight or heterosexual | Bachelor’s degree (BA, BS, B.Eng., etc.) | Hispanic or Latino/Latina | 25 - 34 years old | No | NA | The survey was too long | Somewhat easy |
79 | 118 | Yes | Yes | India | No | Employed full-time | Master’s degree (MA, MS, M.Eng., MBA, etc.) | Computer science, computer engineering, or software engineering | 20 to 99 employees | Back-end developer;Product manager | 12-14 years | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | Received on-the-job training in software development;Taught yourself a new language, framework, or tool without taking a formal course;Participated in a hackathon;Contributed to open source software | NA | NA | NA | Agree | Neither Agree nor Disagree | Disagree | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | 10 (Very Likely) | Daily or almost daily | Yes | Less than once per month or monthly | No, I didn't know that Stack Overflow had a jobs board | No, and I don't know what that is | NA | Yes | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
80 | 119 | Yes | No | India | No | Employed full-time | Bachelor’s degree (BA, BS, B.Eng., etc.) | Computer science, computer engineering, or software engineering | 100 to 499 employees | Back-end developer;Front-end developer;Full-stack developer | 3-5 years | 0-2 years | Moderately satisfied | Extremely satisfied | Working as a founder or co-founder of my own company | I’m not actively looking, but I am open to new opportunities | Less than a year ago | 8 | 5 | 10 | 3 | 6 | 7 | 9 | 2 | 4 | 1 | 2 | 11 | 3 | 10 | 6 | 5 | 1 | 4 | 8 | 7 | 9 | 5 | 1 | 3 | 4 | 2 | 5 | 6 | 2 | 1 | 4 | 7 | 3 | A recruiter contacted me | Indian rupees (₹) | NA | NA | NA | NA | Google Hangouts/Chat;Slack;Trello | One to three months | Taken an online course in programming or software development (e.g. a MOOC);Taught yourself a new language, framework, or tool without taking a formal course;Participated in online coding competitions (e.g. HackerRank, CodeChef, TopCoder) | Questions & answers on Stack Overflow | NA | To improve my knowledge of a specific programming language, framework, or other technology | Neither Agree nor Disagree | Disagree | Agree | C;C++;Java;JavaScript;PHP;Python;Ruby;Cobol;HTML;CSS | CoffeeScript;Go | MySQL;PostgreSQL;SQLite;Oracle;Elasticsearch | Cassandra;MongoDB;Redis | Android;Heroku;Mainframe;Firebase | AWS;Google Cloud Platform/App Engine | Django | Node.js;React | Android Studio;Sublime Text | Linux-based | 1 | Agile | Git | Multiple times per day | Yes | Yes | The website I was visiting forced me to disable it to access their content;I wanted to support the website I was visiting by viewing their ads | Somewhat disagree | Somewhat agree | Somewhat agree | Stopped going to a website because of their advertising | 3 | 6 | 2 | 5 | 1 | 4 | 7 | Artificial intelligence surpassing human intelligence ("the singularity") | Algorithms making important decisions | Prominent industry leaders | I'm worried about the dangers more than I'm excited about the possibilities. | No | Yes, but only within the company | Upper management at the company/organization | Yes | 10 (Very Likely) | Multiple times per day | Yes | Less than once per month or monthly | No, I didn't know that Stack Overflow had a jobs board | No, and I don't know what that is | NA | Yes | Very interested | Very interested | Extremely interested | Extremely interested | Somewhat interested | Between 6:01 - 7:00 AM | 5 - 8 hours | 1 - 2 hours | Never | NA | Daily or almost every day | Male | Straight or heterosexual | NA | NA | 25 - 34 years old | No | NA | The survey was too long | Somewhat difficult |
81 | 120 | Yes | Yes | United Kingdom | No | Employed full-time | Bachelor’s degree (BA, BS, B.Eng., etc.) | Computer science, computer engineering, or software engineering | 100 to 499 employees | Back-end developer;Desktop or enterprise applications developer;Front-end developer;Full-stack developer | 15-17 years | 3-5 years | Slightly dissatisfied | Slightly satisfied | Working as a founder or co-founder of my own company | I’m not actively looking, but I am open to new opportunities | More than 4 years ago | 8 | 6 | 7 | 9 | 2 | 10 | 1 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 1 | 9 | 3 | 10 | 7 | 6 | 8 | 2 | 11 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 4 | 7 | 3 | 1 | 6 | 5 | My job status or other personal status changed | British pounds sterling (£) | 32500 | NA | 45144 | GBP | Confluence;Facebook;Jira;Office / productivity suite (Microsoft Office, Google Suite, etc.);Slack | Less than a month | Taken a part-time in-person course in programming or software development;Received on-the-job training in software development;Taught yourself a new language, framework, or tool without taking a formal course;Contributed to open source software | The official documentation and/or standards for the technology;A book or e-book from O’Reilly, Apress, or a similar publisher;Questions & answers on Stack Overflow | NA | NA | Agree | Neither Agree nor Disagree | Disagree | C#;Java;JavaScript;SQL;VB.NET;Visual Basic 6;HTML;CSS;Bash/Shell | C#;Java;JavaScript;SQL;HTML;CSS | SQL Server;MySQL | SQL Server;MySQL | Windows Desktop or Server | Gaming console;Linux;Raspberry Pi | NA | Angular;.NET Core;Node.js;Xamarin | IntelliJ;Notepad++;Visual Studio | Windows | 3 | Agile;Kanban;Scrum | Git;Subversion;Team Foundation Version Control;Copying and pasting files to network shares;Zip file back-ups | Multiple times per day | No | NA | NA | Somewhat agree | Neither agree nor disagree | Somewhat agree | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | Evolving definitions of "fairness" in algorithmic versus human decisions | Increasing automation of jobs | The developers or the people creating the AI | I'm excited about the possibilities more than worried about the dangers. | Depends on what it is | Depends on what it is | The person who came up with the idea | Yes | 10 (Very Likely) | Multiple times per day | Yes | A few times per month or weekly | Yes | No, I have one but it's out of date | 5 | Yes | Somewhat interested | Not at all interested | Very interested | Very interested | Very interested | Between 7:01 - 8:00 AM | Over 12 hours | 1 - 2 hours | Never | NA | 1 - 2 times per week | Male | Straight or heterosexual | Bachelor’s degree (BA, BS, B.Eng., etc.) | White or of European descent | 25 - 34 years old | No | NA | The survey was an appropriate length | Somewhat easy |
82 | 122 | Yes | No | Japan | No | Employed full-time | Bachelor’s degree (BA, BS, B.Eng., etc.) | A business discipline (ex. accounting, finance, marketing) | Fewer than 10 employees | Back-end developer;Embedded applications or devices developer;Full-stack developer | 0-2 years | 0-2 years | Moderately satisfied | Moderately satisfied | Doing the same work | I am actively looking for a job | Less than a year ago | 6 | 10 | 3 | 2 | 7 | 8 | 1 | 4 | 9 | 5 | 1 | 4 | 6 | 8 | 11 | 3 | 10 | 5 | 9 | 2 | 7 | 3 | 1 | 5 | 2 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 7 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 6 | A friend told me about a job opportunity | Japanese yen (¥) | 300000 | Monthly | 32412 | JPY | Slack | One to three months | Participated in a full-time developer training program or bootcamp | NA | One to three months | NA | Agree | Disagree | Strongly agree | JavaScript;Ruby;SQL;HTML;CSS | JavaScript;Ruby | MongoDB;Redis;SQL Server | Redis;SQL Server | Heroku | NA | React | React | Sublime Text | MacOS | 1 | NA | Git | Multiple times per day | Yes | Yes | The website I was visiting forced me to disable it to access their content;The ad-blocking software was causing display issues on a website | Strongly disagree | Somewhat disagree | Strongly agree | Stopped going to a website because of their advertising | 3 | 7 | 4 | 1 | 6 | 5 | 2 | Increasing automation of jobs | Artificial intelligence surpassing human intelligence ("the singularity") | Prominent industry leaders | I'm excited about the possibilities more than worried about the dangers. | No | Yes, but only within the company | The developer who wrote it | Yes | 10 (Very Likely) | Multiple times per day | Yes | I have never participated in Q&A on Stack Overflow | Yes | No, and I don't know what that is | 7 | No | Somewhat interested | Very interested | Somewhat interested | Not at all interested | Somewhat interested | Between 8:01 - 9:00 AM | 9 - 12 hours | 30 - 59 minutes | Never | NA | 1 - 2 times per week | Male | Straight or heterosexual | Master’s degree (MA, MS, M.Eng., MBA, etc.) | White or of European descent | 25 - 34 years old | No | NA | The survey was an appropriate length | Very easy |
83 | 123 | Yes | No | France | No | Employed full-time | Master’s degree (MA, MS, M.Eng., MBA, etc.) | A natural science (ex. biology, chemistry, physics) | 10,000 or more employees | Embedded applications or devices developer;Engineering manager | 15-17 years | 9-11 years | Moderately satisfied | Moderately satisfied | Working as an engineering manager or other functional manager | I am not interested in new job opportunities | Less than a year ago | 5 | 10 | 8 | 6 | 4 | 2 | 7 | 3 | 9 | 1 | 1 | 11 | 2 | 8 | 5 | 4 | 10 | 9 | 3 | 7 | 6 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | My job status or other personal status changed | Euros (€) | 43000 | Yearly | 52627 | EUR | Confluence;Jira;Other chat system (IRC, proprietary software, etc.) | One to three months | Taught yourself a new language, framework, or tool without taking a formal course | The official documentation and/or standards for the technology;A book or e-book from O’Reilly, Apress, or a similar publisher;A college/university computer science or software engineering book;Questions & answers on Stack Overflow;Internal Wikis, chat rooms, or documentation set up by my company for employees;The technology’s online help system | NA | NA | Neither Agree nor Disagree | Strongly disagree | Agree | C++;Python;Bash/Shell | Matlab | NA | NA | Linux;Windows Desktop or Server | Raspberry Pi | NA | NA | Notepad++;Sublime Text;Vim;Visual Studio | Windows | 3 | Agile;PRINCE2;Scrum | Git | Weekly or a few times per month | Yes | Yes | The ad-blocking software was causing display issues on a website;I wanted to support the website I was visiting by viewing their ads | Somewhat disagree | Strongly disagree | Strongly agree | Stopped going to a website because of their advertising;Paid to access a website advertisement-free | 1 | 5 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 7 | 6 | Evolving definitions of "fairness" in algorithmic versus human decisions | Artificial intelligence surpassing human intelligence ("the singularity") | The developers or the people creating the AI | I'm excited about the possibilities more than worried about the dangers. | No | Yes, and publicly | Upper management at the company/organization | Yes | 9 | A few times per week | Yes | Less than once per month or monthly | Yes | No, and I don't know what that is | 1 | No | Not at all interested | A little bit interested | A little bit interested | Not at all interested | A little bit interested | Between 6:01 - 7:00 AM | 9 - 12 hours | 30 - 59 minutes | Never | NA | Daily or almost every day | Male | Straight or heterosexual | Secondary school (e.g. American high school, German Realschule or Gymnasium, etc.) | White or of European descent | 35 - 44 years old | Yes | NA | The survey was too long | Neither easy nor difficult |
84 | 124 | Yes | Yes | United Kingdom | No | Employed full-time | Master’s degree (MA, MS, M.Eng., MBA, etc.) | Mathematics or statistics | 10,000 or more employees | Back-end developer;DevOps specialist;Front-end developer;Full-stack developer;Mobile developer | 24-26 years | 9-11 years | Moderately satisfied | Moderately satisfied | Working in a different or more specialized technical role than the one I'm in now | I’m not actively looking, but I am open to new opportunities | More than 4 years ago | 9 | 10 | 4 | 1 | 2 | 5 | 3 | 8 | 7 | 6 | 1 | 7 | 2 | 10 | 11 | 4 | 6 | 3 | 9 | 5 | 8 | 2 | 1 | 5 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 7 | 2 | 1 | 5 | 6 | A friend told me about a job opportunity | British pounds sterling (£) | 59500 | Yearly | 82648 | GBP | Google Hangouts/Chat;Slack | Less than a month | Taken an online course in programming or software development (e.g. a MOOC);Taught yourself a new language, framework, or tool without taking a formal course;Participated in online coding competitions (e.g. HackerRank, CodeChef, TopCoder);Participated in a hackathon;Contributed to open source software | The official documentation and/or standards for the technology;Questions & answers on Stack Overflow;Online developer communities other than Stack Overflow (ex. forums, listservs, IRC channels, etc.);The technology’s online help system | NA | To improve my knowledge of a specific programming language, framework, or other technology;Because I find it enjoyable | Agree | Neither Agree nor Disagree | Strongly disagree | C#;Go;Java;JavaScript;Objective-C;PHP;Python;Kotlin;HTML;CSS;Bash/Shell | C#;Go;JavaScript;Objective-C;Kotlin;HTML;CSS;Bash/Shell | MongoDB;MySQL | MongoDB;Google BigQuery;Google Cloud Storage;Elasticsearch | Android;iOS;Raspberry Pi;Firebase | Android;AWS;Google Home;iOS;Raspberry Pi;Firebase | Angular;Node.js;React;Cordova | .NET Core;React;TensorFlow | Android Studio;Visual Studio;Visual Studio Code;Xcode | MacOS | 3 | Agile;Formal standard such as ISO 9001 or IEEE 12207 (aka “waterfall” methodologies);Kanban;Scrum | Git;Team Foundation Version Control | Multiple times per day | Yes | Yes | The ad-blocking software was causing display issues on a website | Somewhat disagree | Neither agree nor disagree | Neither agree nor disagree | NA | 3 | 6 | 1 | 7 | 4 | 5 | 2 | Algorithms making important decisions | Artificial intelligence surpassing human intelligence ("the singularity") | The developers or the people creating the AI | I'm excited about the possibilities more than worried about the dangers. | No | Yes, but only within the company | Upper management at the company/organization | Yes | 10 (Very Likely) | Daily or almost daily | Yes | Less than once per month or monthly | Yes | No, I know what it is but I don't have one | 10 (Very Likely) | Yes | Somewhat interested | A little bit interested | A little bit interested | Very interested | Very interested | Between 5:00 - 6:00 AM | 9 - 12 hours | 1 - 2 hours | Never | NA | 1 - 2 times per week | Male | Straight or heterosexual | Bachelor’s degree (BA, BS, B.Eng., etc.) | White or of European descent | 25 - 34 years old | Yes | NA | The survey was an appropriate length | Very easy |
85 | 125 | Yes | Yes | Indonesia | No | Employed full-time | NA | NA | Fewer than 10 employees | Back-end developer;C-suite executive (CEO, CTO, etc.);Database administrator;Designer;Front-end developer;Full-stack developer;Mobile developer | 3-5 years | 3-5 years | Moderately dissatisfied | Moderately dissatisfied | Working in a different or more specialized technical role than the one I'm in now | I am actively looking for a job | Between 2 and 4 years ago | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | 3 | 2 | 1 | 4 | 5 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | My job status or other personal status changed | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | Other wiki tool (Github, Google Sites, proprietary software, etc.) | Three to six months | Taken an online course in programming or software development (e.g. a MOOC);Contributed to open source software | NA | NA | NA | Agree | Agree | Neither Agree nor Disagree | JavaScript;PHP;SQL;Swift;HTML;CSS | Python;TypeScript | MySQL | Cassandra | Android;WordPress;Firebase | iOS;Raspberry Pi | NA | Angular;Django;Node.js | Android Studio;Atom;Notepad++ | MacOS | 2 | NA | Git | A few times per week | No | NA | NA | Neither agree nor disagree | Somewhat agree | Somewhat agree | Stopped going to a website because of their advertising | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | Increasing automation of jobs | Artificial intelligence surpassing human intelligence ("the singularity") | The developers or the people creating the AI | I'm worried about the dangers more than I'm excited about the possibilities. | No | Yes, but only within the company | The person who came up with the idea | Yes | 9 | Daily or almost daily | Yes | Daily or almost daily | Yes | Yes | 9 | Yes | A little bit interested | A little bit interested | Somewhat interested | Somewhat interested | Somewhat interested | Between 6:01 - 7:00 AM | 9 - 12 hours | 1 - 2 hours | Never | Standing desk;Ergonomic keyboard or mouse | 1 - 2 times per week | Male | NA | Bachelor’s degree (BA, BS, B.Eng., etc.) | South Asian | 25 - 34 years old | No | NA | The survey was an appropriate length | Neither easy nor difficult |
86 | 126 | Yes | Yes | Argentina | Yes, part-time | Employed full-time | Some college/university study without earning a degree | Web development or web design | Fewer than 10 employees | Mobile developer | 3-5 years | 3-5 years | Extremely satisfied | Extremely satisfied | Working as a founder or co-founder of my own company | I am not interested in new job opportunities | Less than a year ago | 7 | 9 | 5 | 2 | 10 | 1 | 8 | 3 | 4 | 6 | 8 | 9 | 5 | 11 | 4 | 6 | 3 | 1 | 10 | 7 | 2 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | My job status or other personal status changed | NA | 16000 | NA | NA | ARS | Slack;Other wiki tool (Github, Google Sites, proprietary software, etc.) | One to three months | Taken an online course in programming or software development (e.g. a MOOC);Participated in a full-time developer training program or bootcamp;Taken a part-time in-person course in programming or software development;Received on-the-job training in software development;Taught yourself a new language, framework, or tool without taking a formal course | The official documentation and/or standards for the technology;Questions & answers on Stack Overflow;Online developer communities other than Stack Overflow (ex. forums, listservs, IRC channels, etc.) | Six months to a year | NA | Agree | Agree | Neither Agree nor Disagree | C++;C#;JavaScript;PHP;Visual Basic 6;HTML;CSS | C#;HTML;CSS | MySQL;MariaDB;Amazon RDS/Aurora | Microsoft Azure (Tables, CosmosDB, SQL, etc) | Android;AWS;Heroku;iOS;Linux;WordPress;Firebase | Android;Azure;iOS;Mac OS | Node.js;Cordova;Xamarin | React | Notepad++;Sublime Text;Visual Studio;Visual Studio Code | Windows | 1 | Agile;Kanban;Scrum | Git;Team Foundation Version Control | Multiple times per day | Yes | Yes | The website I was visiting forced me to disable it to access their content | Somewhat agree | Strongly agree | Somewhat agree | Saw an online advertisement and then researched it (without clicking on the ad) | 5 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 6 | 1 | 7 | Increasing automation of jobs | Artificial intelligence surpassing human intelligence ("the singularity") | The developers or the people creating the AI | I'm excited about the possibilities more than worried about the dangers. | Depends on what it is | Depends on what it is | Upper management at the company/organization | Yes | 10 (Very Likely) | Multiple times per day | Yes | A few times per month or weekly | No, I knew that Stack Overflow had a jobs board but have never used or visited it | Yes | NA | Yes | Somewhat interested | Extremely interested | Extremely interested | A little bit interested | Somewhat interested | Between 7:01 - 8:00 AM | 9 - 12 hours | 1 - 2 hours | Never | Ergonomic keyboard or mouse | 1 - 2 times per week | Male | Straight or heterosexual | Some college/university study without earning a degree | NA | 25 - 34 years old | No | NA | The survey was an appropriate length | Very easy |
87 | 127 | Yes | No | United States | No | Employed full-time | Bachelor’s degree (BA, BS, B.Eng., etc.) | Computer science, computer engineering, or software engineering | 100 to 499 employees | Front-end developer | 9-11 years | 3-5 years | Neither satisfied nor dissatisfied | Neither satisfied nor dissatisfied | Retirement | I am not interested in new job opportunities | Between 2 and 4 years ago | 6 | 1 | 7 | 4 | 2 | 9 | 3 | 8 | 10 | 5 | 1 | 8 | 4 | 3 | 10 | 2 | 11 | 5 | 7 | 9 | 6 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | A friend told me about a job opportunity | U.S. dollars ($) | 78000 | Yearly | 78000 | USD | Jira | One to three months | NA | NA | NA | NA | Disagree | Agree | Disagree | Java;JavaScript;Swift;TypeScript;HTML;CSS | NA | SQL Server;MySQL;PostgreSQL;SQLite;Oracle;Elasticsearch | NA | AWS | NA | Angular;Node.js | NA | IntelliJ | Windows | 2 | Agile;Scrum | Git | Multiple times per day | Yes | No | NA | Strongly disagree | Strongly disagree | Strongly agree | Stopped going to a website because of their advertising | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | Evolving definitions of "fairness" in algorithmic versus human decisions | Increasing automation of jobs | The developers or the people creating the AI | I'm worried about the dangers more than I'm excited about the possibilities. | No | Yes, and publicly | The developer who wrote it | Yes | 6 | Daily or almost daily | Yes | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
88 | 129 | Yes | Yes | United States | Yes, full-time | Employed full-time | Some college/university study without earning a degree | Computer science, computer engineering, or software engineering | 20 to 99 employees | Back-end developer;Data scientist or machine learning specialist;Full-stack developer;Game or graphics developer;Student | 6-8 years | 0-2 years | Neither satisfied nor dissatisfied | Moderately dissatisfied | Working in a career completely unrelated to software development | I’m not actively looking, but I am open to new opportunities | Less than a year ago | 5 | 4 | 8 | 7 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 10 | 6 | 9 | 1 | 2 | 7 | 10 | 8 | 3 | 4 | 9 | 11 | 5 | 6 | 5 | 1 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 5 | 3 | 6 | 1 | 4 | 7 | My job status or other personal status changed | U.S. dollars ($) | 120000 | Yearly | 120000 | USD | Slack;Other wiki tool (Github, Google Sites, proprietary software, etc.) | One to three months | Taught yourself a new language, framework, or tool without taking a formal course;Participated in online coding competitions (e.g. HackerRank, CodeChef, TopCoder);Participated in a hackathon;Contributed to open source software | The official documentation and/or standards for the technology;A college/university computer science or software engineering book;Questions & answers on Stack Overflow;Online developer communities other than Stack Overflow (ex. forums, listservs, IRC channels, etc.);The technology’s online help system | NA | To win prizes or cash awards;Because I find it enjoyable | Agree | Disagree | Disagree | Assembly;C++;JavaScript;Matlab;Perl;Python;SQL;Swift;HTML;CSS | C++;Go;JavaScript;Python;Ocaml;HTML;CSS;Bash/Shell | MySQL;PostgreSQL | PostgreSQL | Firebase | NA | NA | NA | IPython / Jupyter;Sublime Text | Windows | 1 | Scrum | Git | A few times per week | Yes | Yes | The website I was visiting asked me to disable it;I wanted to support the website I was visiting by viewing their ads | Somewhat disagree | Somewhat disagree | Strongly agree | Saw an online advertisement and then researched it (without clicking on the ad);Stopped going to a website because of their advertising;Paid to access a website advertisement-free | 7 | 4 | 3 | 5 | 6 | 1 | 2 | NA | NA | A governmental or other regulatory body | I'm excited about the possibilities more than worried about the dangers. | Depends on what it is | Depends on what it is | Upper management at the company/organization | Yes | 8 | Multiple times per day | Yes | Less than once per month or monthly | No, I knew that Stack Overflow had a jobs board but have never used or visited it | No, and I don't know what that is | NA | I'm not sure | A little bit interested | A little bit interested | A little bit interested | A little bit interested | A little bit interested | Between 9:01 - 10:00 AM | 9 - 12 hours | 1 - 2 hours | Daily or almost every day | NA | 3 - 4 times per week | Male | Straight or heterosexual | Other doctoral degree (Ph.D, Ed.D., etc.) | East Asian | 18 - 24 years old | No | No | The survey was too long | Somewhat easy |
89 | 131 | No | No | Russian Federation | No | Employed full-time | Some college/university study without earning a degree | A business discipline (ex. accounting, finance, marketing) | 1,000 to 4,999 employees | Back-end developer;Data or business analyst;Database administrator;DevOps specialist;Front-end developer;Full-stack developer;System administrator | 3-5 years | 3-5 years | Moderately satisfied | Moderately satisfied | Working as a product manager or project manager | I am not interested in new job opportunities | Less than a year ago | 5 | 10 | 7 | 6 | 1 | 3 | 4 | 2 | 9 | 8 | 1 | 11 | 3 | 10 | 8 | 7 | 5 | 2 | 9 | 6 | 4 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | I did not receive an expected change in compensation | Russian rubles (‚ÇΩ) | 200000 | Monthly | 42456 | RUB | Confluence;Jira;Office / productivity suite (Microsoft Office, Google Suite, etc.) | Nine months to a year | NA | NA | NA | NA | Neither Agree nor Disagree | Disagree | Disagree | Java;JavaScript;SQL;VBA;HTML;CSS;Bash/Shell | Java;JavaScript;SQL;VBA;HTML;CSS;Bash/Shell | PostgreSQL;SQLite;Oracle | Oracle | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | 10 (Very Likely) | A few times per month or weekly | I'm not sure / I can't remember | NA | No, I didn't know that Stack Overflow had a jobs board | NA | NA | No | A little bit interested | Not at all interested | Somewhat interested | Very interested | Very interested | Between 9:01 - 10:00 AM | Over 12 hours | 1 - 2 hours | 3 - 4 times per week | NA | I don't typically exercise | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
90 | 132 | Yes | No | Finland | No | Employed full-time | Master’s degree (MA, MS, M.Eng., MBA, etc.) | A natural science (ex. biology, chemistry, physics) | 500 to 999 employees | Data scientist or machine learning specialist | 9-11 years | 3-5 years | Extremely satisfied | Moderately satisfied | Working as a product manager or project manager | I’m not actively looking, but I am open to new opportunities | Less than a year ago | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
91 | 133 | Yes | No | India | Yes, full-time | Employed full-time | Bachelor’s degree (BA, BS, B.Eng., etc.) | Computer science, computer engineering, or software engineering | 10 to 19 employees | Back-end developer;Full-stack developer;Mobile developer | 0-2 years | 0-2 years | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
92 | 134 | No | No | Poland | No | Employed full-time | Master’s degree (MA, MS, M.Eng., MBA, etc.) | Computer science, computer engineering, or software engineering | 20 to 99 employees | Back-end developer;Desktop or enterprise applications developer;Embedded applications or devices developer | 6-8 years | 6-8 years | Moderately satisfied | Slightly satisfied | Doing the same work | I am not interested in new job opportunities | Between 1 and 2 years ago | 9 | 8 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 4 | 7 | 5 | 10 | 6 | 1 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 9 | 5 | 8 | 7 | 6 | 10 | 11 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | I had a negative experience or interaction at work | Polish złoty (zł) | 8500 | Monthly | 30000 | PLN | Google Hangouts/Chat | One to three months | Received on-the-job training in software development;Taught yourself a new language, framework, or tool without taking a formal course | The official documentation and/or standards for the technology;Questions & answers on Stack Overflow;The technology’s online help system | NA | NA | Agree | Disagree | Strongly disagree | C;C++;C#;Python;SQL | C;C++;C#;Python;SQL | PostgreSQL;SQLite | SQL Server;MySQL;PostgreSQL;SQLite | Arduino;Linux;Raspberry Pi;Windows Desktop or Server | Linux;Raspberry Pi;Windows Desktop or Server | Django | .NET Core;TensorFlow | Eclipse;Notepad++;Visual Studio | Windows | 2 | Agile;Formal standard such as ISO 9001 or IEEE 12207 (aka “waterfall” methodologies);Scrum | Git | Once a day | Yes | Yes | I wanted to view a specific advertisement;I wanted to support the website I was visiting by viewing their ads;The website I was visiting has interesting ads | Somewhat agree | Somewhat disagree | Strongly disagree | Clicked on an online advertisement;Saw an online advertisement and then researched it (without clicking on the ad) | 3 | 6 | 1 | 7 | 4 | 2 | 5 | Evolving definitions of "fairness" in algorithmic versus human decisions | Algorithms making important decisions | Prominent industry leaders | I'm excited about the possibilities more than worried about the dangers. | Depends on what it is | Yes, but only within the company | Upper management at the company/organization | Yes | 9 | Multiple times per day | Yes | A few times per week | Yes | Yes | 2 | Yes | A little bit interested | Not at all interested | A little bit interested | Somewhat interested | A little bit interested | Between 6:01 - 7:00 AM | 9 - 12 hours | 1 - 2 hours | Never | NA | 3 - 4 times per week | Male | Straight or heterosexual | Secondary school (e.g. American high school, German Realschule or Gymnasium, etc.) | White or of European descent | 25 - 34 years old | No | NA | The survey was too long | Somewhat difficult |
93 | 135 | Yes | No | Romania | No | Employed full-time | Master’s degree (MA, MS, M.Eng., MBA, etc.) | Computer science, computer engineering, or software engineering | 10,000 or more employees | QA or test developer | 0-2 years | 0-2 years | Slightly satisfied | Slightly satisfied | Working as a founder or co-founder of my own company | I am actively looking for a job | Less than a year ago | 10 | 7 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 8 | 1 | 9 | 6 | 1 | 3 | 10 | 9 | 4 | 7 | 8 | 6 | 11 | 5 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 5 | 3 | 4 | 1 | 6 | 7 | 2 | 4 | 5 | 3 | A recruiter contacted me | Euros (€) | 1800 | Monthly | 26436 | EUR | Office / productivity suite (Microsoft Office, Google Suite, etc.) | One to three months | Taken an online course in programming or software development (e.g. a MOOC);Taught yourself a new language, framework, or tool without taking a formal course;Participated in online coding competitions (e.g. HackerRank, CodeChef, TopCoder) | The official documentation and/or standards for the technology;A book or e-book from O’Reilly, Apress, or a similar publisher;A college/university computer science or software engineering book;Questions & answers on Stack Overflow;Online developer communities other than Stack Overflow (ex. forums, listservs, IRC channels, etc.);Internal Wikis, chat rooms, or documentation set up by my company for employees;Pre-scheduled tutoring or mentoring sessions with a friend or colleague;Tapping your network of friends, family, and peers versed in the technology;The technology’s online help system | NA | To improve my ability to work on a team with other programmers;To build my professional network;To help me find new job opportunities;Because I find it enjoyable | Agree | Agree | Agree | C;Java;Python;SQL;Bash/Shell | C;Java;Python;Scala;SQL;Bash/Shell | MySQL;Oracle | Cassandra;MongoDB;MySQL;Oracle | Android;Arduino;Linux;Raspberry Pi;Windows Desktop or Server | Android;Arduino;Linux;Raspberry Pi;Windows Desktop or Server | Django;Hadoop | Django;Hadoop | IntelliJ;PyCharm;Sublime Text | Windows | 1 | NA | Git | Weekly or a few times per month | Yes | No | NA | Somewhat disagree | Neither agree nor disagree | Somewhat agree | NA | 2 | 6 | 7 | 3 | 1 | 4 | 5 | Increasing automation of jobs | Algorithms making important decisions | The developers or the people creating the AI | I'm excited about the possibilities more than worried about the dangers. | Depends on what it is | Depends on what it is | The person who came up with the idea | Unsure / I don't know | 10 (Very Likely) | Daily or almost daily | Yes | I have never participated in Q&A on Stack Overflow | No, I knew that Stack Overflow had a jobs board but have never used or visited it | No, I know what it is but I don't have one | NA | I'm not sure | Extremely interested | Extremely interested | Extremely interested | Extremely interested | Extremely interested | Between 7:01 - 8:00 AM | 5 - 8 hours | 1 - 2 hours | Never | NA | 3 - 4 times per week | Male | Straight or heterosexual | Secondary school (e.g. American high school, German Realschule or Gymnasium, etc.) | White or of European descent | 25 - 34 years old | No | NA | The survey was an appropriate length | Very easy |
94 | 136 | Yes | Yes | France | Yes, full-time | Employed part-time | Some college/university study without earning a degree | Computer science, computer engineering, or software engineering | 100 to 499 employees | Student | 3-5 years | NA | NA | NA | NA | I’m not actively looking, but I am open to new opportunities | Less than a year ago | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
95 | 137 | Yes | Yes | India | No | Employed full-time | Master’s degree (MA, MS, M.Eng., MBA, etc.) | Computer science, computer engineering, or software engineering | 500 to 999 employees | Engineering manager;Mobile developer | 6-8 years | 6-8 years | Moderately satisfied | Slightly satisfied | Working as a founder or co-founder of my own company | I’m not actively looking, but I am open to new opportunities | Between 2 and 4 years ago | 4 | 9 | 8 | 3 | 7 | 2 | 5 | 1 | 10 | 6 | 7 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 3 | 11 | 1 | 2 | 9 | 8 | 10 | 3 | 1 | 5 | 2 | 4 | 7 | 4 | 6 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 5 | I saw an employer’s advertisement | Indian rupees (₹) | 2200000 | Yearly | 34440 | INR | Jira;Slack | Less than a month | Taught yourself a new language, framework, or tool without taking a formal course;Participated in a hackathon;Contributed to open source software | The official documentation and/or standards for the technology;A book or e-book from O’Reilly, Apress, or a similar publisher;The technology’s online help system | NA | To improve my general technical skills or programming ability | Agree | Agree | Disagree | Objective-C;Swift | Swift | SQLite | SQLite | Android;iOS | iOS | NA | NA | Android Studio;Sublime Text;Vim;Xcode | MacOS | 2 | Agile;Scrum | Git | Multiple times per day | No | NA | NA | Neither agree nor disagree | Somewhat agree | Somewhat agree | Saw an online advertisement and then researched it (without clicking on the ad) | 7 | 6 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 5 | 3 | Artificial intelligence surpassing human intelligence ("the singularity") | Evolving definitions of "fairness" in algorithmic versus human decisions | Prominent industry leaders | I'm excited about the possibilities more than worried about the dangers. | No | Yes, but only within the company | The developer who wrote it | Yes | 10 (Very Likely) | Multiple times per day | Yes | Daily or almost daily | Yes | Yes | 10 (Very Likely) | Yes | Somewhat interested | Not at all interested | Somewhat interested | Extremely interested | Extremely interested | Between 8:01 - 9:00 AM | 5 - 8 hours | 30 - 59 minutes | 1 - 2 times per week | NA | I don't typically exercise | Male | Straight or heterosexual | Primary/elementary school | South Asian | 25 - 34 years old | No | NA | The survey was an appropriate length | Somewhat easy |
96 | 138 | No | No | Russian Federation | No | Employed full-time | Some college/university study without earning a degree | Computer science, computer engineering, or software engineering | 1,000 to 4,999 employees | Back-end developer;DevOps specialist | 6-8 years | 3-5 years | Neither satisfied nor dissatisfied | Neither satisfied nor dissatisfied | Doing the same work | I’m not actively looking, but I am open to new opportunities | Less than a year ago | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
97 | 140 | Yes | No | India | No | Employed full-time | Bachelor’s degree (BA, BS, B.Eng., etc.) | Computer science, computer engineering, or software engineering | 100 to 499 employees | Back-end developer | 0-2 years | 0-2 years | Slightly dissatisfied | Slightly satisfied | Working as a founder or co-founder of my own company | I’m not actively looking, but I am open to new opportunities | Less than a year ago | 5 | 3 | 6 | 7 | 2 | 4 | 1 | 10 | 9 | 8 | 1 | 6 | 5 | 11 | 9 | 8 | 3 | 2 | 10 | 4 | 7 | 4 | 1 | 5 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 7 | 1 | 2 | 5 | 6 | I saw an employer’s advertisement | Indian rupees (₹) | 22000 | Monthly | 4128 | INR | Slack | NA | Completed an industry certification program (e.g. MCPD);Taught yourself a new language, framework, or tool without taking a formal course;Participated in online coding competitions (e.g. HackerRank, CodeChef, TopCoder) | A book or e-book from O’Reilly, Apress, or a similar publisher;Questions & answers on Stack Overflow;The technology’s online help system | NA | To improve my general technical skills or programming ability;To improve my knowledge of a specific programming language, framework, or other technology;To win prizes or cash awards | Agree | Neither Agree nor Disagree | Disagree | Java;JavaScript;SQL | Java;JavaScript;Python;SQL;Kotlin | MongoDB;MySQL | MongoDB;MySQL | NA | NA | Node.js;Spring | Node.js;React;Spring | Eclipse;IntelliJ;Notepad++;Sublime Text | Linux-based | 2 | Agile | Git | A few times per week | Yes | No | NA | Somewhat agree | Neither agree nor disagree | Somewhat disagree | NA | 6 | 5 | 2 | 4 | 1 | 3 | 7 | Artificial intelligence surpassing human intelligence ("the singularity") | Increasing automation of jobs | The developers or the people creating the AI | I don't care about it, or I haven't thought about it. | Depends on what it is | Depends on what it is | Upper management at the company/organization | No | 9 | Daily or almost daily | Yes | A few times per month or weekly | No, I didn't know that Stack Overflow had a jobs board | No, I know what it is but I don't have one | NA | Yes | Somewhat interested | Very interested | Very interested | Somewhat interested | Very interested | Between 7:01 - 8:00 AM | 5 - 8 hours | 30 - 59 minutes | Never | NA | Daily or almost every day | Male | Straight or heterosexual | Bachelor’s degree (BA, BS, B.Eng., etc.) | South Asian | 18 - 24 years old | Yes | NA | The survey was too long | Somewhat easy |
98 | 141 | Yes | No | Germany | No | Employed full-time | NA | NA | 20 to 99 employees | NA | 9-11 years | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | Completed an industry certification program (e.g. MCPD);Received on-the-job training in software development;Taught yourself a new language, framework, or tool without taking a formal course;Contributed to open source software | The official documentation and/or standards for the technology;A book or e-book from O’Reilly, Apress, or a similar publisher;A college/university computer science or software engineering book;Questions & answers on Stack Overflow;Tapping your network of friends, family, and peers versed in the technology | NA | NA | Neither Agree nor Disagree | Disagree | Agree | JavaScript;Ruby;Rust;HTML;CSS | JavaScript;Ruby;Rust | PostgreSQL;Elasticsearch | SQL Server;PostgreSQL | AWS;iOS;Linux;Mac OS | iOS;Linux;Mac OS;Windows Desktop or Server | React | React | Vim;Visual Studio Code | MacOS | 1 | Agile;Pair programming;Scrum | Git | Multiple times per day | Yes | No | NA | Somewhat disagree | Neither agree nor disagree | Somewhat agree | Stopped going to a website because of their advertising | 4 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 6 | 5 | 7 | Algorithms making important decisions | NA | A governmental or other regulatory body | I'm worried about the dangers more than I'm excited about the possibilities. | No | Yes, and publicly | The person who came up with the idea | Yes | 10 (Very Likely) | Multiple times per day | Yes | Less than once per month or monthly | No, I knew that Stack Overflow had a jobs board but have never used or visited it | No, I know what it is but I don't have one | NA | I'm not sure | Somewhat interested | Very interested | Somewhat interested | Very interested | Very interested | Between 7:01 - 8:00 AM | 5 - 8 hours | 1 - 2 hours | Never | Standing desk;Fatigue-relieving floor mat | I don't typically exercise | Male | Straight or heterosexual | NA | White or of European descent | 25 - 34 years old | No | NA | The survey was an appropriate length | Neither easy nor difficult |
99 | 142 | Yes | No | Brazil | No | Employed full-time | Bachelor’s degree (BA, BS, B.Eng., etc.) | Computer science, computer engineering, or software engineering | 100 to 499 employees | Embedded applications or devices developer | 15-17 years | 9-11 years | Slightly satisfied | Moderately satisfied | Working in a different or more specialized technical role than the one I'm in now | I am actively looking for a job | Less than a year ago | 5 | 7 | 8 | 3 | 4 | 1 | 10 | 2 | 9 | 6 | 1 | 5 | 2 | 10 | 7 | 8 | 6 | 9 | 11 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 5 | 1 | 2 | 6 | 7 | 2 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 1 | I saw an employer’s advertisement | Brazilian reais (R$) | 6500 | NA | NA | BRL | Trello;Other chat system (IRC, proprietary software, etc.) | One to three months | Taken an online course in programming or software development (e.g. a MOOC);Taught yourself a new language, framework, or tool without taking a formal course | The official documentation and/or standards for the technology;Questions & answers on Stack Overflow | NA | NA | Agree | Disagree | Strongly disagree | Assembly;C;C++;Java;Python;Delphi/Object Pascal | Assembly;C;C++;Java;Matlab;Python;Bash/Shell | NA | NA | NA | Android;Arduino;Raspberry Pi | NA | NA | Android Studio;Eclipse | Windows | 1 | Agile;Formal standard such as ISO 9001 or IEEE 12207 (aka “waterfall” methodologies);Kanban;Scrum | Subversion | A few times per week | Yes | I'm not sure/I can't remember | NA | Somewhat agree | Somewhat agree | Somewhat disagree | Clicked on an online advertisement;Saw an online advertisement and then researched it (without clicking on the ad) | 2 | 4 | 3 | 1 | 6 | 7 | 5 | Evolving definitions of "fairness" in algorithmic versus human decisions | Artificial intelligence surpassing human intelligence ("the singularity") | A governmental or other regulatory body | I'm excited about the possibilities more than worried about the dangers. | Depends on what it is | Yes, but only within the company | Upper management at the company/organization | Yes | 10 (Very Likely) | Daily or almost daily | Yes | I have never participated in Q&A on Stack Overflow | No, I knew that Stack Overflow had a jobs board but have never used or visited it | No, and I don't know what that is | NA | I'm not sure | Very interested | Not at all interested | Extremely interested | Somewhat interested | A little bit interested | Between 6:01 - 7:00 AM | 5 - 8 hours | 1 - 2 hours | Never | Ergonomic keyboard or mouse | I don't typically exercise | Male | Straight or heterosexual | Some college/university study without earning a degree | Black or of African descent;Hispanic or Latino/Latina | 35 - 44 years old | No | NA | The survey was too long | Somewhat easy |
100 | 143 | No | Yes | Bulgaria | Yes, full-time | Employed full-time | Bachelor’s degree (BA, BS, B.Eng., etc.) | Computer science, computer engineering, or software engineering | 10 to 19 employees | Front-end developer;Student | 0-2 years | 0-2 years | Extremely satisfied | Moderately satisfied | Doing the same work | I am not interested in new job opportunities | Less than a year ago | 4 | 8 | 3 | 2 | 5 | 9 | 10 | 1 | 6 | 7 | 1 | 7 | 10 | 11 | 6 | 4 | 5 | 3 | 8 | 9 | 2 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | I saw an employer’s advertisement | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |