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Nginx
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系统内核
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Nginx
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系统内核
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Nginx配置文件
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内核配置文件
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PHP7配置文件
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PHP-FPM配置文件
worker_connections- 实践优化配置
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编辑：
vim /etc/sysctl.conf -
配置结果
net.ipv4.tcp_max_tw_buckets = 6000 net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000 net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle = 1 net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse = 1 net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1 net.core.somaxconn = 262144 net.core.netdev_max_backlog = 262144 net.ipv4.tcp_max_orphans = 262144 net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 262144 net.ipv4.tcp_syn_retries = 1 net.ipv4.tcp_fin_timeout = 1 net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_time = 30
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执行命令使之生效：
/sbin/sysctl -p
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- 指当一个nginx进程打开的最多文件描述符数目：
worker_rlimit_nofile 100000;
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系统限制其最大进程数：
ulimit -n -
编辑文件：
/etc/security/limits.conf# End of file root soft nofile 65535 root hard nofile 65535 * soft nofile 65535 * hard nofile 65535
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Nginx配置文件
user www www; worker_processes 8; worker_cpu_affinity 00000001 00000010 00000100 00001000 00010000 00100000 01000000; error_log /www/log/nginx_error.log crit; pid /usr/local/nginx/nginx.pid; worker_rlimit_nofile 204800; events { use epoll; worker_connections 204800; } http { include mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; charset utf-8; server_names_hash_bucket_size 128; client_header_buffer_size 2k; large_client_header_buffers 4 4k; client_max_body_size 8m; sendfile on; tcp_nopush on; keepalive_timeout 60; fastcgi_cache_path /usr/local/nginx/fastcgi_cache levels=1:2 keys_zone=TEST:10m inactive=5m; fastcgi_connect_timeout 300; fastcgi_send_timeout 300; fastcgi_read_timeout 300; fastcgi_buffer_size 64k; fastcgi_buffers 8 64k; fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k; fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 128k; fastcgi_cache TEST; fastcgi_cache_valid 200 302 1h; fastcgi_cache_valid 301 1d; fastcgi_cache_valid any 1m; fastcgi_cache_min_uses 1; fastcgi_cache_use_stale error timeout invalid_header http_500; open_file_cache max=204800 inactive=20s; open_file_cache_min_uses 1; open_file_cache_valid 30s; tcp_nodelay on; #gzip on; gzip on; gzip_min_length 1k; gzip_buffes 16 64k; gzip_http_version 1.1; gzip_comp_level 6; gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/javascript text/javascript image/jpeg image/gif image/png application/xml application/json; gzip_vary on; gzip_disable "MSIE [1-6].(?!.*SV1)"; index index.php index.html index.htm; server { listen 8080; server_name backup.aiju.com; root /www/html/; #这里的位置很重要，不要写在其它指令里面，我曾经就调试了好久才发现这个问题的 location /status { stub_status on; } location ~ .*\.(html|htm|gif|jpg|jpeg|bmp|png|ico|txt|js|css)$ { #root /home/www/sansan-web/public; expires 3d; } location ~ ^/(status|ping)$ { include fastcgi_params; fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php7.0.22-fpm.sock; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $fastcgi_script_name; } location = /favicon.ico { access_log off; } error_page 400 401 402 403 404 /40x.html; #location = /40x.html { # root html; #} error_page 500 501 502 503 504 /50x.html; location = /50x.html { root html; } # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000 location ~ \.php$ { fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php7.0.22-fpm.sock; fastcgi_index index.php; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name; include fastcgi_params; fastcgi_buffer_size 128k; fastcgi_buffers 4 256k; fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 256k; fastcgi_connect_timeout 300; fastcgi_send_timeout 300; fastcgi_read_timeout 300; } location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf|js|css)$ { expires 30d; } log_format access '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" ' '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" ' '"$http_user_agent" $http_x_forwarded_for'; access_log /www/log/access.log access; } }
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完整的内核优化配置
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 0 net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 1 net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route = 0 kernel.sysrq = 0 kernel.core_uses_pid = 1 net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1 kernel.msgmnb = 65536 kernel.msgmax = 65536 kernel.shmmax = 68719476736 kernel.shmall = 4294967296 net.ipv4.tcp_max_tw_buckets = 6000 net.ipv4.tcp_sack = 1 net.ipv4.tcp_window_scaling = 1 net.ipv4.tcp_rmem = 4096 87380 4194304 net.ipv4.tcp_wmem = 4096 16384 4194304 net.core.wmem_default = 8388608 net.core.rmem_default = 8388608 net.core.rmem_max = 16777216 net.core.wmem_max = 16777216 net.core.netdev_max_backlog = 262144 net.core.somaxconn = 262144 net.ipv4.tcp_max_orphans = 3276800 net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 262144 net.ipv4.tcp_timestamps = 0 net.ipv4.tcp_synack_retries = 1 net.ipv4.tcp_syn_retries = 1 net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle = 1 net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse = 1 net.ipv4.tcp_mem = 94500000 915000000 927000000 net.ipv4.tcp_fin_timeout = 1 net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_time = 30 net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000
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启用Zend Opcache,php.ini配置文件中加入
opcache.enable=1 zend_extension=opcache.so opcache.memory_consumption=128 opcache.interned_strings_buffer=8 opcache.max_accelerated_files=4000 opcache.revalidate_freq=60 opcache.fast_shutdown=1 opcache.enable_cli=1 opcache.huge_code_pages=1 opcache.file_cache=/tmp
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缓存文件记录
www@TinywanAliYun:/tmp$ tree -L 6 . ├── 8fc9c56d14b6542c6ff7147207730f6b │ └── home │ └── www │ └── web │ └── go-study-line │ ├── application │ ├── config │ ├── public │ ├── runtime │ ├── thinkphp │ └── vendor -
使用新的编译器,使用新一点的编译器, 推荐GCC 4.8以上, 因为只有GCC 4.8以上PHP才会开启Global Register for opline and execute_data支持, 这个会带来5%左右的性能提升
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开启HugePages,然后开启Opcache的huge_code_pages
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系统中开启HugePages
sudo sysctl vm.nr_hugepages=512
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分配512个预留的大页内存
$ cat /proc/meminfo | grep Huge AnonHugePages: 106496 kB HugePages_Total: 512 HugePages_Free: 504 HugePages_Rsvd: 27 HugePages_Surp: 0 Hugepagesize: 2048 kB -
然后在php.ini中加入，
opcache.huge_code_pages=1 -
开启Opcache File Cache,
opcache.file_cache=/tmp -
启用Zend Opcache
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结构
+---> php.ini PHP配置文件 | PHP-->|---> php-fpm 服务控制脚本 +---> php-fpm.conf 进程服务主配置文件 | +---> www.conf 进程服务扩展配置文件
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php.ini# 设置错误日志的路径 error_log = /var/log/php-fpm/error.log # 引入www.conf文件中的配置 include=/usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.d/*.conf # 设置主进程打开的最大文件数 rlimit_files = 102400
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php-fpm.conf进程服务主配置文件pid = run/php-fpm.pid # 设置错误日志的路径 error_log = /var/log/php-fpm/error.log # 引入www.conf文件中的配置 include=/usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.d/*.conf # 设置主进程打开的最大文件数 rlimit_files = 65535
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www.conf进程服务扩展配置文件# 设置启动进程的帐户和组 user = www group = www # 设置php监听方式,注意这里要设置PHP套接字文件的权限，默认是root，Nginx无法访问 # listen = 127.0.0.1:9000 listen = /var/run/php-fpm/php-fpm.sock #backlog数，-1表示无限制，由操作系统决定，此行注释掉就行。backlog含义参考：http://www.3gyou.cc/?p=41 listen.allowed_clients = 127.0.0.1 # 允许访问FastCGI进程的IP，设置any为不限制IP，如果要设置其他主机的nginx也能访问这台FPM进程， # listen处要设置成本地可被访问的IP。默认值是any。每个地址是用逗号分隔. # 如果没有设置或者为空，则允许任何服务器请求连接 #backlog数，-1表示无限制，由操作系统决定，此行注释掉就行。backlog含义参考：http://www.3gyou.cc/?p=41 listen.backlog = 4096 # unix socket设置选项，如果使用tcp方式访问，这里注释即可。 listen.owner = www listen.group = www listen.mode = 0660 # 开启慢日志 slowlog = /var/log/php-fpm/php-slow.log request_slowlog_timeout = 10s request_terminate_timeout = 30 #对于专用服务器，pm可以设置为static。 pm = dynamic # 设置工作进程数(根据实际情况设置) pm.max_children = 50 # pm.start_servers不能小于pm.min_spare_servers,推荐为最大的pm.max_children的%10 pm.start_servers = 8 pm.min_spare_servers = 5 pm.max_spare_servers = 10 pm.max_requests = 10240 # cat /usr/local/php-5.5.10/etc/php-fpm.conf | grep status_path pm.status_path = /status # 设置扩展配置主进程打开的最大文件数 rlimit_files = 65535 # 设置php的session目录（所属用户和用户组都是www） php_value[session.save_handler] = files php_value[session.save_path] = /var/tmp/php/session
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调整PHP-FPM（Nginx）的子进程
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日志中出现以下警告消息,这意味着没有足够的PHP-FPM进程
[19-Aug-2017 01:02:20] WARNING: [pool www] seems busy (you may need to increase pm.start_servers, or pm.min/max_spare_servers) [19-Aug-2017 01:02:21] WARNING: [pool www] server reached pm.max_children setting (256), consider raising it
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根据系统内存量来计算和更改这些值，
/etc/php-fpm.d/www.confpm.max_children = 50 pm.start_servers = 5 pm.min_spare_servers = 5 pm.max_spare_servers = 35
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以下命令将帮助我们确定每个（PHP-FPM）子进程使用的内存：
RSS列显示PHP-FPM进程的未交换的物理内存使用量，单位为千字节
平均每个PHP-FPM进程在我的机器上占用大约75MB的RAMps -ylC php-fpm --sort:rss
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pm.max_children的适当值可以计算为:
pm.max_children = Total RAM dedicated to the web server / Max child process size -
在我的情况下是56MB,服务器有16GB的RAM，所以：
我留下了一些记忆，让系统呼吸。在计算内存使用情况时，您需要考虑计算机上运行的任何其他服务。
pm.max_children = 15806MB / 56MB = 282 # Tinywan 计算方式(实战) # pm.max_children = (15806MB - 1024MB) / 57MB = 259
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已经改变了如下设置
请注意，非常高的价值并不意味着任何好处
pm.max_children = 256 pm.start_servers = 32 pm.min_spare_servers = 32 pm.max_spare_servers = 128 pm.max_requests = 65535
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您可以使用此方便的命令检查单个PHP-FPM进程的平均内存使用情况
ps --no-headers -o "rss,cmd" -C php-fpm | awk '{ sum+=$1 } END { printf ("%d%s\n", sum/NR/1024,"M") }'
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