add logging tutorial

Author: x4nth055

README.md

@@ -109,6 +109,7 @@ This is a repository of all the tutorials of [The Python Code](https://www.thepy
     - [How to Download and Upload Files in FTP Server using Python](https://www.thepythoncode.com/article/download-and-upload-files-in-ftp-server-using-python). ([code](python-standard-library/download-and-upload-files-in-ftp))
     - [How to Work with JSON Files in Python](https://www.thepythoncode.com/article/working-with-json-files-in-python). ([code](python-standard-library/working-with-json))
     - [How to Use Regular Expressions in Python](https://www.thepythoncode.com/article/work-with-regular-expressions-in-python). ([code](python-standard-library/regular-expressions))
+    - [Logging in Python](https://www.thepythoncode.com/article/logging-in-python). ([code](python-standard-library/logging))
 
 - ### [Using APIs](https://www.thepythoncode.com/topic/using-apis-in-python)
     - [How to Automate your VPS or Dedicated Server Management in Python](https://www.thepythoncode.com/article/automate-veesp-server-management-in-python). ([code](general/automating-server-management))

python-standard-library/logging/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+# [Logging in Python](https://www.thepythoncode.com/article/logging-in-python)

python-standard-library/logging/logger_basic.py

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+import logging
+
+# make a basic logging configuration
+# here we set the level of logging to DEBUG
+logging.basicConfig(
+    level=logging.DEBUG
+)
+
+# make a debug message
+logging.debug("This is a simple debug log")
+
+# make an info message
+logging.info("This is a simple info log")
+
+# make a warning message
+logging.warning("This is a simple warning log")
+
+# make an error message
+logging.error("This is a simple error log")
+
+# make a critical message
+logging.critical("This is a simple critical log") 

python-standard-library/logging/logger_config.py

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+import logging
+
+logging.basicConfig(
+    level=logging.INFO,
+    format="%(asctime)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s",
+)
+
+logging.info("This is an info message!")

python-standard-library/logging/logger_datefmt.py

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import logging
+
+logging.basicConfig(
+    level=logging.INFO,
+    format="%(asctime)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s",
+    datefmt="[%Y-%m-%d] %H:%M:%S",
+)
+
+logging.info("This is an info message!")

python-standard-library/logging/logger_file.py

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+import logging
+import math
+
+logging.basicConfig(level=logging.DEBUG,
+                    handlers=[logging.FileHandler('logs.log', 'a', 'utf-8')],
+                    format="%(asctime)s %(levelname)-6s - %(funcName)-8s - %(filename)s - %(lineno)-3d - %(message)s",
+                    datefmt="[%Y-%m-%d] %H:%M:%S - ",
+                    )
+
+logging.info("This is an info log")
+
+def square_root(x):
+    logging.debug(f"Getting the square root of {x}") 
+    try:
+        result = math.sqrt(x)
+    except ValueError:
+        logging.exception("Cannot get square root of a negative number")
+        # or
+        # logging.error("Cannot get square root of a negative number", exc_info=True)
+        return None
+    logging.info(f"The square root of {x} is {result:.5f}")
+    return result
+
+square_root(5)
+square_root(-5)

python-standard-library/logging/logger_handlers.py

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+import logging
+
+# return a logger with the specified name & creating it if necessary
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+# create a logger handler, in this case: file handler
+file_handler = logging.FileHandler("file.log")
+# set the level of logging to INFO
+file_handler.setLevel(logging.INFO)
+
+# create a logger formatter
+logging_format = logging.Formatter("%(asctime)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s")
+
+# add the format to the logger handler
+file_handler.setFormatter(logging_format)
+
+# add the handler to the logger
+logger.addHandler(file_handler)
+
+# use the logger as previously
+logger.critical("This is a critical message!")

python-standard-library/logging/logger_simple.py

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+import logging
+
+# make a debug message
+logging.debug("This is a simple debug log")
+
+# make an info message
+logging.info("This is a simple info log")
+
+# make a warning message
+logging.warning("This is a simple warning log")
+
+# make an error message
+logging.error("This is a simple error log")
+
+# make a critical message
+logging.critical("This is a simple critical log")
+
+# just mapping logging level integers into strings for convenience
+logging_levels = {
+    logging.DEBUG: "DEBUG", # 10
+    logging.INFO: "INFO", # 20
+    logging.WARNING: "WARNING", # 30
+    logging.ERROR: "ERROR", # 40
+    logging.CRITICAL: "CRITICAL", # 50
+}
+
+# get the current logging level
+print("Current logging level:", logging_levels.get(logging.root.level))
+
+# get the current logging format
+print("Current logging format:", logging.BASIC_FORMAT)