Counting Valley.cpp

/*Hacker Rank*/
/*Title - Counting Valley*/
//Gary is an avid hiker. He tracks his hikes meticulously, paying close attention to small details like topography. During his last hike he took exactly n steps. For every step he took, he noted if it was an uphill, U , or a downhill, D step. Gary's hikes start and end at sea level and each step up or down represents a 1 unit change in altitude. We define the following terms:
//
//A mountain is a sequence of consecutive steps above sea level, starting with a step up from sea level and ending with a step down to sea level.
//A valley is a sequence of consecutive steps below sea level, starting with a step down from sea level and ending with a step up to sea level.
//Given Gary's sequence of up and down steps during his last hike, find and print the number of valleys he walked through.
//
//For example, if Gary's path is s=[DDUUUUDD] , he first enters a valley 2 units deep. Then he climbs out an up onto a mountain 2 units high. Finally, he returns to sea level and ends his hike.
//
//Function Description
//
//Complete the countingValleys function in the editor below. It must return an integer that denotes the number of valleys Gary traversed.
//
//countingValleys has the following parameter(s):
//
//n: the number of steps Gary takes
//s: a string describing his path

int countingValleys(int n, string s) {
    int count = 0;
    int seaLevel = 0;
    for(int i=0;i<n;i++) {
        if(seaLevel==0 and s[i]=='D') {
            count++;
            seaLevel--;
        }
        else if(s[i]=='D')
            seaLevel--;
        else if(s[i]=='U')
            seaLevel++;
    }
    return count;
}