Introduction to Git

Installing git

you can install git from here
to be sure that git has been installed you can use git --version

git config

git config --global user.name "(name)"

usage: setting name for commits
example: git config --global user.name "Javad"
git config --global user.email "(email)"

usage: setting email address for commits
example: git config --global user.email "name@gmail.com"

git init

git init (repository name)

usage: creating an empty local git repository
example: git init /home/javad/projects/chessGame

git clone

git clone (url)

usage: to clone a repository into a newly created directory
example: git clone https://github.com/JavadZandiyeh/LearningGit

git add

git add (file name)

usage: adding file to Staged area
example: git add testFile.html
git add -A or git add *

usage: adding all files to a Staged area
git add *.(file type)

usage: adding all files (with this file type) to Staged area
example: git add *.java

git commit

git commit

usage: committing all files which are in the Staged area
note: this command opens a text editor for you and you have to write your message on
git commit -m "(your message)"

usage: committing all files which are in the Staged area
example: git commit -m "Adding top menu bar"

git status

git log

git diff

git reset

git reset (file name)

usage: putting files (which are in the Staged area) into the Untracked area
example: git reset pict.png

git branch & git checkout & git merge

git branch

usage: show all branches
git branch (name of branch)

usage: creating a new branch by this name
example: git branch developer
git branch -d (branch name)

usage: deleting branch if exists
example: git branch -d developer
git checkout (branch name)

usage : changing branch
example: git checkout developer
git checkout -b (branch name)

usage: creating a new branch by this name and also changing your branch to this branch
example: git checkout -b GUI
git merge (branch name)

usage: merging this branch into the current branch
note: if you want to merge a branch into the master you have to checkout to the master branch and then use this command
example: git merge GUI

git remote

git remote add origin (url of repository)

usage: connecting your local repository to the remote server by this url
example: git remote add origin https://github.com/JavadZandiyeh/LearningGit

git tag

git tag

usage: show all tags
git tag -a (tag name) -m "(your message)"

usage: creating a new tag for last commit
example : git tag -a version3.4 -m "this is version 3.4"
git tag -a (tag name) (hash of commit) -m "(your message)"

usage: creating a new tag for commit by this hash
example : git tag -a version3.1 729375b1d1eaad8a2fb559a2ce4fc8a70d52c74a -m "version 3.1 for unveiling"

git show

git show (hash of commit)

usage: show changes of this commit
note: you can find the hash of commits by git log command
example: git show 729375b1d1eaad8a2fb559a2ce4fc8a70d52c74a
git show (name of tag)

usage: show commits of this tag
example: git show problemForLogic

git push

git push origin (branch name)

usage : pushing the local branch into the remote server(can be GitHub, GitLab or etc)
example: git push origin master
git push origin --tags

usage: pushing all new tags into the remote server
git push origin (tag name)

usage: pushing this tag into the remote server
example: git push origin version3.4

git pull

git pull origin (branch name)

usage : pulling branch from remote server(can be GitHub, GitLab or etc) into the local branch
example: git pull origin logic