Pattern: Missing braces for positional over 9
Issue: -
For legacy reasons, $10 is interpreted as the variable $1 followed by the literal string 0.
Curly braces are needed to tell the shell that both digits are part of the parameter expansion.
Please note that accessing any positional parameters beyond $9 using ${num} is non-POSIX.
Example of incorrect code:
echo "Ninth parameter: $9"
echo "Tenth parameter: $10"Example of correct code:
echo "Ninth parameter: $9"
echo "Tenth parameter: ${10}"If you wanted the trailing digits to be literal, ${1}0 will make this clear to both humans and shellcheck.
In dash, $10 is (wrongly) interpreted as ${10}, so some 'reversed' care should also be taken:
bash -c 'set a b c d e f g h i j; echo $10 ${1}0' # POSIX: a0 a0
dash -c 'set a b c d e f g h i j; echo $10 ${1}0' # WRONG: j a0