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                    <h1 id="invoke-dbaquery">Invoke-DbaQuery</h1>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th></th>
<th></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><strong>Author</strong></td>
<td>Friedrich Weinmann (@FredWeinmann)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>Availability</strong></td>
<td>Windows, Linux, macOS</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p> </p>
<p><em>Aliases : ivq</em></p>
<p>Want to see the source code for this command? Check out <a href="https://github.com/dataplat/dbatools/blob/master/public/Invoke-DbaQuery.ps1">Invoke-DbaQuery</a> on GitHub.
<br>
Want to see the Bill Of Health for this command? Check out <a href="https://dataplat.github.io/boh#Invoke-DbaQuery">Invoke-DbaQuery</a>.</p>
<h2 id="synopsis">Synopsis</h2>
<p>A command to run explicit T-SQL commands or files.</p>
<h2 id="description">Description</h2>
<p>This function is a wrapper command around Invoke-DbaAsync, which in turn is based on Invoke-SqlCmd2.<br />
It was designed to be more convenient to use in a pipeline and to behave in a way consistent with the rest of our functions.</p>
<h2 id="syntax">Syntax</h2>
<pre><code>Invoke-DbaQuery
    [[-SqlInstance] &lt;DbaInstanceParameter[]&gt;]
    [-SqlCredential &lt;PSCredential&gt;]
    [-Database &lt;String&gt;]
    -Query &lt;String&gt;
    [-QueryTimeout &lt;Int32&gt;]
    [-As &lt;String&gt;]
    [-SqlParameter &lt;PSObject[]&gt;]
    [-CommandType {Text | StoredProcedure | TableDirect}]
    [-AppendServerInstance]
    [-MessagesToOutput]
    [-InputObject &lt;Database[]&gt;]
    [-ReadOnly]
    [-NoExec]
    [-AppendConnectionString &lt;String&gt;]
    [-EnableException]
    [&lt;CommonParameters&gt;]

Invoke-DbaQuery
    [[-SqlInstance] &lt;DbaInstanceParameter[]&gt;]
    [-SqlCredential &lt;PSCredential&gt;]
    [-Database &lt;String&gt;]
    [-QueryTimeout &lt;Int32&gt;]
    -SqlObject &lt;SqlSmoObject[]&gt;
    [-As &lt;String&gt;]
    [-SqlParameter &lt;PSObject[]&gt;]
    [-CommandType {Text | StoredProcedure | TableDirect}]
    [-AppendServerInstance]
    [-MessagesToOutput]
    [-InputObject &lt;Database[]&gt;]
    [-ReadOnly]
    [-NoExec]
    [-AppendConnectionString &lt;String&gt;]
    [-EnableException]
    [&lt;CommonParameters&gt;]

Invoke-DbaQuery
    [[-SqlInstance] &lt;DbaInstanceParameter[]&gt;]
    [-SqlCredential &lt;PSCredential&gt;]
    [-Database &lt;String&gt;]
    [-QueryTimeout &lt;Int32&gt;]
    -File &lt;Object[]&gt;
    [-As &lt;String&gt;]
    [-SqlParameter &lt;PSObject[]&gt;]
    [-CommandType {Text | StoredProcedure | TableDirect}]
    [-AppendServerInstance]
    [-MessagesToOutput]
    [-InputObject &lt;Database[]&gt;]
    [-ReadOnly]
    [-NoExec]
    [-AppendConnectionString &lt;String&gt;]
    [-EnableException]
    [&lt;CommonParameters&gt;]

</code></pre>
<p> </p>
<h2 id="examples">Examples</h2>
<p> </p>
<h5 id="example-1">Example:  1</h5>
<pre><code>PS C:\&gt; Invoke-DbaQuery -SqlInstance server\instance -Query 'SELECT foo FROM bar'
</code></pre>
<p>Runs the sql query 'SELECT foo FROM bar' against the instance 'server\instance'<br></p>
<h5 id="example-2">Example:  2</h5>
<pre><code>PS C:\&gt; Get-DbaRegServer -SqlInstance [SERVERNAME] -Group [GROUPNAME] | Invoke-DbaQuery -Query 'SELECT foo FROM bar'
</code></pre>
<p>Runs the sql query 'SELECT foo FROM bar' against all instances in the group [GROUPNAME] on the CMS [SERVERNAME]<br></p>
<h5 id="example-3">Example:  3</h5>
<pre><code>PS C:\&gt; &quot;server1&quot;, &quot;server1\nordwind&quot;, &quot;server2&quot; | Invoke-DbaQuery -File &quot;C:\scripts\sql\rebuild.sql&quot;
</code></pre>
<p>Runs the sql commands stored in rebuild.sql against the instances &quot;server1&quot;, &quot;server1\nordwind&quot; and &quot;server2&quot;<br></p>
<h5 id="example-4">Example:  4</h5>
<pre><code>PS C:\&gt; Get-DbaDatabase -SqlInstance &quot;server1&quot;, &quot;server1\nordwind&quot;, &quot;server2&quot; | Invoke-DbaQuery -File &quot;C:\scripts\sql\rebuild.sql&quot;
</code></pre>
<p>Runs the sql commands stored in rebuild.sql against all accessible databases of the instances &quot;server1&quot;, &quot;server1\nordwind&quot; and &quot;server2&quot;<br></p>
<h5 id="example-5">Example:  5</h5>
<pre><code>PS C:\&gt; Invoke-DbaQuery -SqlInstance . -Query 'SELECT * FROM users WHERE Givenname = @name' -SqlParameter @{ Name = &quot;Maria&quot; }
</code></pre>
<p>Executes a simple query against the users table using SQL Parameters.<br>
This avoids accidental SQL Injection and is the safest way to execute queries with dynamic content.<br>
Keep in mind the limitations inherent in parameters - it is quite impossible to use them for content references.<br>
While it is possible to parameterize a where condition, it is impossible to use this to select which columns to select.<br>
The inserted text will always be treated as string content, and not as a reference to any SQL entity (such as columns, tables or databases).<br></p>
<h5 id="example-6">Example:  6</h5>
<pre><code>PS C:\&gt; Invoke-DbaQuery -SqlInstance aglistener1 -ReadOnly -Query &quot;select something from readonlydb.dbo.atable&quot;
</code></pre>
<p>Executes a query with ReadOnly application intent on aglistener1.<br></p>
<h5 id="example-7">Example:  7</h5>
<pre><code>PS C:\&gt; Invoke-DbaQuery -SqlInstance server1 -Database tempdb -Query Example_SP -SqlParameter @{ Name = &quot;Maria&quot; } -CommandType StoredProcedure
</code></pre>
<p>Executes a stored procedure Example_SP using SQL Parameters<br></p>
<h5 id="example-8">Example:  8</h5>
<pre><code>PS C:\&gt; $queryParameters = @{
&gt;&gt;     StartDate = $startdate
&gt;&gt;     EndDate   = $enddate
&gt;&gt; }
PS C:\&gt; Invoke-DbaQuery -SqlInstance server1 -Database tempdb -Query Example_SP -SqlParameter $queryParameters -CommandType StoredProcedure
</code></pre>
<p>Executes a stored procedure Example_SP using multiple SQL Parameters<br></p>
<h5 id="example-9">Example:  9</h5>
<pre><code>PS C:\&gt; $inparam = @()
PS C:\&gt; $inparam += [PSCustomObject]@{
&gt;&gt;     somestring = 'string1'
&gt;&gt;     somedate = '2021-07-15T01:02:00'
&gt;&gt; }
PS C:\&gt; $inparam += [PSCustomObject]@{
&gt;&gt;     somestring = 'string2'
&gt;&gt;     somedate = '2021-07-15T02:03:00'
&gt;&gt; }
&gt;&gt; $inparamAsDataTable = ConvertTo-DbaDataTable -InputObject $inparam
PS C:\&gt; $inparamAsSQLParameter = New-DbaSqlParameter -SqlDbType structured -Value $inparamAsDataTable -TypeName 'dbatools_tabletype'
PS C:\&gt; Invoke-DbaQuery -SqlInstance localhost -Database master -CommandType StoredProcedure -Query my_proc -SqlParameter $inparamAsSQLParameter
</code></pre>
<p>Creates an TVP input parameter and uses it to invoke a stored procedure.<br></p>
<h5 id="example-10">Example:  10</h5>
<pre><code>PS C:\&gt; $output = New-DbaSqlParameter -ParameterName json_result -SqlDbType NVarChar -Size -1 -Direction Output
PS C:\&gt; Invoke-DbaQuery -SqlInstance localhost -Database master -CommandType StoredProcedure -Query my_proc -SqlParameter $output
PS C:\&gt; $output.Value
</code></pre>
<p>Creates an output parameter and uses it to invoke a stored procedure.<br></p>
<h5 id="example-11">Example:  11</h5>
<pre><code>PS C:\&gt; $server = Connect-DbaInstance -SqlInstance localhost -Database master -AlwaysEncrypted
PS C:\&gt; $inputparamSSN = New-DbaSqlParameter -Direction Input -ParameterName &quot;@SSN&quot; -DbType AnsiStringFixedLength -Size 11 -SqlValue &quot;444-44-4444&quot; -ForceColumnEncryption
PS C:\&gt; Invoke-DbaQuery -SqlInstance $server -Query 'SELECT * FROM bar WHERE SSN_col = @SSN' -SqlParameter @inputparamSSN
</code></pre>
<p>Creates an input parameter using Always Encrypted<br></p>
<h5 id="example-12">Example:  12</h5>
<pre><code>PS C:\&gt; $server = Connect-DbaInstance -SqlInstance AG1 -Database dbatools -MultiSubnetFailover -ConnectTimeout 60
PS C:\&gt; Invoke-DbaQuery -SqlInstance $server -Query 'SELECT foo FROM bar'
</code></pre>
<p>Reuses Connect-DbaInstance, leveraging advanced paramenters, to adhere to official guidelines to target FCI or AG listeners.<br>
See <a href="https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/framework/data/adonet/sql/sqlclient-support-for-high-availability-disaster-recovery#connecting-with-multisubnetfailover">https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/framework/data/adonet/sql/sqlclient-support-for-high-availability-disaster-recovery#connecting-with-multisubnetfailover</a><br></p>
<h5 id="example-13">Example:  13</h5>
<pre><code>PS C:\&gt; Invoke-DbaQuery -SqlInstance AG1 -Query 'SELECT foo FROM bar' -AppendConnectionString 'MultiSubnetFailover=true;Connect Timeout=60'
</code></pre>
<p>Leverages your own parameters, giving you full power, mimicking Connect-DbaInstance's <code>-MultiSubnetFailover -ConnectTimeout 60</code>, to adhere to official guidelines to target FCI or AG listeners.<br>
See <a href="https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/framework/data/adonet/sql/sqlclient-support-for-high-availability-disaster-recovery#connecting-with-multisubnetfailover">https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/framework/data/adonet/sql/sqlclient-support-for-high-availability-disaster-recovery#connecting-with-multisubnetfailover</a><br></p>
<h3 id="required-parameters">Required Parameters</h3>
<h5 id="query">-Query</h5>
<p>Specifies one or more queries to be run. The queries can be Transact-SQL, XQuery statements, or sqlcmd commands. Multiple queries in a single batch may be separated by a semicolon or a GO<br />
Escape any double quotation marks included in the string.<br />
Consider using bracketed identifiers such as [MyTable] instead of quoted identifiers such as &quot;MyTable&quot;. <br></p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th></th>
<th></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Alias</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Required</td>
<td>True</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Pipeline</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Default Value</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h5 id="file">-File</h5>
<p>Specifies the path to one or several files to be used as the query input. <br></p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th></th>
<th></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Alias</td>
<td>InputFile</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Required</td>
<td>True</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Pipeline</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Default Value</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h5 id="sqlobject">-SqlObject</h5>
<p>Specify one or more SQL objects. Those will be converted to script and their scripts run on the target system(s). <br></p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th></th>
<th></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Alias</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Required</td>
<td>True</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Pipeline</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Default Value</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h3 id="optional-parameters">Optional Parameters</h3>
<h5 id="sqlinstance">-SqlInstance</h5>
<p>The target SQL Server instance or instances. This can be a collection and receive pipeline input to allow the function to be executed against multiple SQL Server instances.<br></p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th></th>
<th></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Alias</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Required</td>
<td>False</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Pipeline</td>
<td>true (ByValue)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Default Value</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h5 id="sqlcredential">-SqlCredential</h5>
<p>Credential object used to connect to the SQL Server Instance as a different user. This can be a Windows or SQL Server account. Windows users are determined by the existence of a backslash, so if you<br />
are intending to use an alternative Windows connection instead of a SQL login, ensure it contains a backslash.<br></p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th></th>
<th></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Alias</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Required</td>
<td>False</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Pipeline</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Default Value</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h5 id="database">-Database</h5>
<p>The database to select before running the query. This list is auto-populated from the server.<br></p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th></th>
<th></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Alias</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Required</td>
<td>False</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Pipeline</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Default Value</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h5 id="querytimeout">-QueryTimeout</h5>
<p>Specifies the number of seconds before the queries time out.<br></p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th></th>
<th></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Alias</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Required</td>
<td>False</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Pipeline</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Default Value</td>
<td>0</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h5 id="as">-As</h5>
<p>Specifies output type. Valid options for this parameter are 'DataSet', 'DataTable', 'DataRow', 'PSObject', 'PSObjectArray', and 'SingleValue'.<br />
PSObject and PSObjectArray output introduces overhead but adds flexibility for working with results: <a href="https://forums.powershell.org/t/dealing-with-dbnull/2328/2">https://forums.powershell.org/t/dealing-with-dbnull/2328/2</a><br></p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th></th>
<th></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Alias</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Required</td>
<td>False</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Pipeline</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Default Value</td>
<td>DataRow</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Accepted Values</td>
<td>DataSet,DataTable,DataRow,PSObject,PSObjectArray,SingleValue</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h5 id="sqlparameter">-SqlParameter</h5>
<p>Specifies a hashtable of parameters or output from New-DbaSqlParameter for parameterized SQL queries.  <a href="http://blog.codinghorror.com/give-me-parameterized-sql-or-give-me-death/">http://blog.codinghorror.com/give-me-parameterized-sql-or-give-me-death/</a><br></p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th></th>
<th></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Alias</td>
<td>SqlParameters</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Required</td>
<td>False</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Pipeline</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Default Value</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h5 id="commandtype">-CommandType</h5>
<p>Specifies the type of command represented by the query string. Valid options for this parameter are 'Text', 'TableDirect', and 'StoredProcedure'.<br />
Default is 'Text'. Further information: <a href="https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/api/system.data.sqlclient.sqlcommand.commandtype">https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/api/system.data.sqlclient.sqlcommand.commandtype</a><br></p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th></th>
<th></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Alias</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Required</td>
<td>False</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Pipeline</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Default Value</td>
<td>Text</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h5 id="appendserverinstance">-AppendServerInstance</h5>
<p>If this switch is enabled, the SQL Server instance will be appended to PSObject and DataRow output.<br></p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th></th>
<th></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Alias</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Required</td>
<td>False</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Pipeline</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Default Value</td>
<td>False</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h5 id="messagestooutput">-MessagesToOutput</h5>
<p>Use this switch to have on the output stream messages too (e.g. PRINT statements). Output will hold the resultset too.<br></p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th></th>
<th></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Alias</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Required</td>
<td>False</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Pipeline</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Default Value</td>
<td>False</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h5 id="inputobject">-InputObject</h5>
<p>A collection of databases (such as returned by Get-DbaDatabase)<br></p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th></th>
<th></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Alias</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Required</td>
<td>False</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Pipeline</td>
<td>true (ByValue)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Default Value</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h5 id="readonly">-ReadOnly</h5>
<p>Execute the query with ReadOnly application intent.<br></p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th></th>
<th></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Alias</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Required</td>
<td>False</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Pipeline</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Default Value</td>
<td>False</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h5 id="noexec">-NoExec</h5>
<p>Use this switch to prepend SET NOEXEC ON and append SET NOEXEC OFF to each statement, useful for checking query formal errors<br></p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th></th>
<th></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Alias</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Required</td>
<td>False</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Pipeline</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Default Value</td>
<td>False</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h5 id="appendconnectionstring">-AppendConnectionString</h5>
<p>Appends to the current connection string. Note that you cannot pass authentication information using this method. Use -SqlInstance and optionally -SqlCredential to set authentication information.<br></p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th></th>
<th></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Alias</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Required</td>
<td>False</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Pipeline</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Default Value</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h5 id="enableexception">-EnableException</h5>
<p>By default, when something goes wrong we try to catch it, interpret it and give you a friendly warning message.<br />
This avoids overwhelming you with &quot;sea of red&quot; exceptions, but is inconvenient because it basically disables advanced scripting.<br />
Using this switch turns this &quot;nice by default&quot; feature off and enables you to catch exceptions with your own try/catch.<br></p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th></th>
<th></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Alias</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Required</td>
<td>False</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Pipeline</td>
<td>false</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Default Value</td>
<td>False</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p> </p>

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