Multi arch build is broken when installing libc-bin with apt-get

[galusben]

Contributing guidelines

• I've read the contributing guidelines and wholeheartedly agree

I've found a bug and checked that ...

• ... the documentation does not mention anything about my problem
• ... there are no open or closed issues that are related to my problem

Description

With this minimal Dockerfile I see the issue:

FROM ubuntu:22.04
RUN apt-get update
RUN apt-get install libc-bin

And build with:

sudo docker buildx create --use
sudo docker buildx build --platform linux/arm64,linux/amd64   .

I tried on multiple platforms.
Here is one which is very standard and I can provide all the details:

cat /etc/os-release
PRETTY_NAME="Ubuntu 24.04.2 LTS"
NAME="Ubuntu"
VERSION_ID="24.04"
VERSION="24.04.2 LTS (Noble Numbat)"
VERSION_CODENAME=noble
ID=ubuntu
ID_LIKE=debian
HOME_URL="https://www.ubuntu.com/"
SUPPORT_URL="https://help.ubuntu.com/"
BUG_REPORT_URL="https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/"
PRIVACY_POLICY_URL="https://www.ubuntu.com/legal/terms-and-policies/privacy-policy"
UBUNTU_CODENAME=noble
LOGO=ubuntu-logo

Platform:
x86_64 GNU/Linux

Client: Docker Engine - Community
Version: 28.0.1
API version: 1.48
Go version: go1.23.6
Git commit: 068a01e
Built: Wed Feb 26 10:41:12 2025
OS/Arch: linux/amd64
Context: default

Server: Docker Engine - Community
Engine:
Version: 28.0.1
API version: 1.48 (minimum version 1.24)
Go version: go1.23.6
Git commit: bbd0a17
Built: Wed Feb 26 10:41:12 2025
OS/Arch: linux/amd64
Experimental: false
containerd:
Version: 1.7.25
GitCommit: bcc810d6b9066471b0b6fa75f557a15a1cbf31bb
runc:
Version: 1.2.4
GitCommit: v1.2.4-0-g6c52b3f
docker-init:
Version: 0.19.0
GitCommit: de40ad0

Expected behaviour

The build will work.
When I build without emulation it is working.

Actual behaviour

sudo docker buildx build     --platform linux/arm64,linux/amd64   .
[+] Building 28.0s (11/11) FINISHED                                                                                                                                                                                                              docker-container:elastic_ellis
 => [internal] booting buildkit                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1.1s
 => => pulling image moby/buildkit:buildx-stable-1                                                                                                                                                                                                                         0.9s
 => => creating container buildx_buildkit_elastic_ellis0                                                                                                                                                                                                                   0.2s
 => [internal] load build definition from Dockerfile                                                                                                                                                                                                                       0.0s
 => => transferring dockerfile: 103B                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       0.0s
 => [linux/arm64 internal] load metadata for docker.io/library/ubuntu:22.04                                                                                                                                                                                                1.2s
 => [linux/amd64 internal] load metadata for docker.io/library/ubuntu:22.04                                                                                                                                                                                                1.2s
 => [internal] load .dockerignore                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          0.0s
 => => transferring context: 2B                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            0.0s
 => [linux/amd64 1/3] FROM docker.io/library/ubuntu:22.04@sha256:ed1544e454989078f5dec1bfdabd8c5cc9c48e0705d07b678ab6ae3fb61952d2                                                                                                                                          0.9s
 => => resolve docker.io/library/ubuntu:22.04@sha256:ed1544e454989078f5dec1bfdabd8c5cc9c48e0705d07b678ab6ae3fb61952d2                                                                                                                                                      0.0s
 => => sha256:9cb31e2e37eab1bff50f727e979fcacb509e225fb853433a6fe21d2fb34e6305 29.54MB / 29.54MB                                                                                                                                                                           0.3s
 => => extracting sha256:9cb31e2e37eab1bff50f727e979fcacb509e225fb853433a6fe21d2fb34e6305                                                                                                                                                                                  0.5s
 => [linux/arm64 1/3] FROM docker.io/library/ubuntu:22.04@sha256:ed1544e454989078f5dec1bfdabd8c5cc9c48e0705d07b678ab6ae3fb61952d2                                                                                                                                          0.9s
 => => resolve docker.io/library/ubuntu:22.04@sha256:ed1544e454989078f5dec1bfdabd8c5cc9c48e0705d07b678ab6ae3fb61952d2                                                                                                                                                      0.0s
 => => sha256:0d1c17d4e593cf07e0f9e907017f6edbe7e32dd2b7f8e3f026c74bbaf3466561 27.36MB / 27.36MB                                                                                                                                                                           0.3s
 => => extracting sha256:0d1c17d4e593cf07e0f9e907017f6edbe7e32dd2b7f8e3f026c74bbaf3466561                                                                                                                                                                                  0.5s
 => [linux/amd64 2/3] RUN apt-get update                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   3.4s
 => [linux/arm64 2/3] RUN apt-get update                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  14.5s
 => [linux/amd64 3/3] RUN apt-get install libc-bin                                                                                                                                                                                                                         1.7s
 => ERROR [linux/arm64 3/3] RUN apt-get install libc-bin                                                                                                                                                                                                                  10.2s 
------                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          
 > [linux/arm64 3/3] RUN apt-get install libc-bin:                                                                                                                                                                                                                              
0.537 Reading package lists...                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  
6.222 Building dependency tree...                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               
7.035 Reading state information...                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              
7.837 Suggested packages:                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
7.837   manpages                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                
7.967 The following packages will be upgraded:                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  
7.969   libc-bin                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                
8.159 1 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 10 not upgraded.                                                                                                                                                                                                           
8.159 Need to get 600 kB of archives.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           
8.159 After this operation, 0 B of additional disk space will be used.
8.159 Get:1 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports jammy-updates/main arm64 libc-bin arm64 2.35-0ubuntu3.9 [600 kB]
9.070 debconf: delaying package configuration, since apt-utils is not installed
9.225 Fetched 600 kB in 0s (2421 kB/s)
(Reading database ... 4387 files and directories currently installed.)
9.405 Preparing to unpack .../libc-bin_2.35-0ubuntu3.9_arm64.deb ...
9.417 Unpacking libc-bin (2.35-0ubuntu3.9) over (2.35-0ubuntu3.8) ...
9.663 Setting up libc-bin (2.35-0ubuntu3.9) ...
9.793 qemu: uncaught target signal 11 (Segmentation fault) - core dumped
9.898 Segmentation fault (core dumped)
9.939 qemu: uncaught target signal 11 (Segmentation fault) - core dumped
10.04 Segmentation fault (core dumped)
10.05 dpkg: error processing package libc-bin (--configure):
10.05  installed libc-bin package post-installation script subprocess returned error exit status 139
10.06 Errors were encountered while processing:
10.06  libc-bin
10.13 E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)
------
WARNING: No output specified with docker-container driver. Build result will only remain in the build cache. To push result image into registry use --push or to load image into docker use --load
Dockerfile:3
--------------------
   1 |     FROM ubuntu:22.04
   2 |     RUN apt-get update
   3 | >>> RUN apt-get install libc-bin
   4 |     
--------------------
ERROR: failed to solve: process "/dev/.buildkit_qemu_emulator /bin/sh -c apt-get install libc-bin" did not complete successfully: exit code: 100

Buildx version

github.com/docker/buildx v0.21.1 7c2359c

Docker info

Client: Docker Engine - Community
 Version:    28.0.1
 Context:    default
 Debug Mode: false
 Plugins:
  buildx: Docker Buildx (Docker Inc.)
    Version:  v0.21.1
    Path:     /usr/libexec/docker/cli-plugins/docker-buildx
  compose: Docker Compose (Docker Inc.)
    Version:  v2.33.1
    Path:     /usr/libexec/docker/cli-plugins/docker-compose

Server:
 Containers: 2
  Running: 2
  Paused: 0
  Stopped: 0
 Images: 1
 Server Version: 28.0.1
 Storage Driver: overlay2
  Backing Filesystem: extfs
  Supports d_type: true
  Using metacopy: false
  Native Overlay Diff: true
  userxattr: false
 Logging Driver: json-file
 Cgroup Driver: systemd
 Cgroup Version: 2
 Plugins:
  Volume: local
  Network: bridge host ipvlan macvlan null overlay
  Log: awslogs fluentd gcplogs gelf journald json-file local splunk syslog
 Swarm: inactive
 Runtimes: io.containerd.runc.v2 runc
 Default Runtime: runc
 Init Binary: docker-init
 containerd version: bcc810d6b9066471b0b6fa75f557a15a1cbf31bb
 runc version: v1.2.4-0-g6c52b3f
 init version: de40ad0
 Security Options:
  apparmor
  seccomp
   Profile: builtin
  cgroupns
 Kernel Version: 6.8.0-1023-aws
 Operating System: Ubuntu 24.04.2 LTS
 OSType: linux
 Architecture: x86_64
 CPUs: 8
 Total Memory: 15.34GiB
 Name: ip-10-90-102-194
 ID: 0c443081-ff0e-4275-b0b7-e98e82b409c7
 Docker Root Dir: /var/lib/docker
 Debug Mode: false
 Experimental: false
 Insecure Registries:
  ::1/128
  127.0.0.0/8
 Live Restore Enabled: false

Builders list

sudo docker buildx ls
NAME/NODE                   DRIVER/ENDPOINT                   STATUS    BUILDKIT   PLATFORMS
confident_goldwasser        docker-container                                       
 \_ confident_goldwasser0    \_ unix:///var/run/docker.sock   running   v0.20.0    linux/amd64 (+4), linux/386
elastic_ellis*              docker-container                                       
 \_ elastic_ellis0           \_ unix:///var/run/docker.sock   running   v0.20.0    linux/amd64 (+4), linux/386
default                     docker                                                 
 \_ default                  \_ default                       running   v0.20.0    linux/amd64 (+4), linux/386

Configuration

FROM ubuntu:22.04
RUN apt-get update
RUN apt-get install libc-bin

sudo docker buildx create --use
sudo docker buildx build --platform linux/arm64,linux/amd64   .

Build logs

galba@ip-10-90-102-194:~/docker-repro$ sudo docker buildx create --use
elastic_ellis
galba@ip-10-90-102-194:~/docker-repro$ sudo docker buildx build     --platform linux/arm64,linux/amd64   .
[+] Building 28.0s (11/11) FINISHED                                                                                                                                                                                                              docker-container:elastic_ellis
 => [internal] booting buildkit                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            1.1s
 => => pulling image moby/buildkit:buildx-stable-1                                                                                                                                                                                                                         0.9s
 => => creating container buildx_buildkit_elastic_ellis0                                                                                                                                                                                                                   0.2s
 => [internal] load build definition from Dockerfile                                                                                                                                                                                                                       0.0s
 => => transferring dockerfile: 103B                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       0.0s
 => [linux/arm64 internal] load metadata for docker.io/library/ubuntu:22.04                                                                                                                                                                                                1.2s
 => [linux/amd64 internal] load metadata for docker.io/library/ubuntu:22.04                                                                                                                                                                                                1.2s
 => [internal] load .dockerignore                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          0.0s
 => => transferring context: 2B                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            0.0s
 => [linux/amd64 1/3] FROM docker.io/library/ubuntu:22.04@sha256:ed1544e454989078f5dec1bfdabd8c5cc9c48e0705d07b678ab6ae3fb61952d2                                                                                                                                          0.9s
 => => resolve docker.io/library/ubuntu:22.04@sha256:ed1544e454989078f5dec1bfdabd8c5cc9c48e0705d07b678ab6ae3fb61952d2                                                                                                                                                      0.0s
 => => sha256:9cb31e2e37eab1bff50f727e979fcacb509e225fb853433a6fe21d2fb34e6305 29.54MB / 29.54MB                                                                                                                                                                           0.3s
 => => extracting sha256:9cb31e2e37eab1bff50f727e979fcacb509e225fb853433a6fe21d2fb34e6305                                                                                                                                                                                  0.5s
 => [linux/arm64 1/3] FROM docker.io/library/ubuntu:22.04@sha256:ed1544e454989078f5dec1bfdabd8c5cc9c48e0705d07b678ab6ae3fb61952d2                                                                                                                                          0.9s
 => => resolve docker.io/library/ubuntu:22.04@sha256:ed1544e454989078f5dec1bfdabd8c5cc9c48e0705d07b678ab6ae3fb61952d2                                                                                                                                                      0.0s
 => => sha256:0d1c17d4e593cf07e0f9e907017f6edbe7e32dd2b7f8e3f026c74bbaf3466561 27.36MB / 27.36MB                                                                                                                                                                           0.3s
 => => extracting sha256:0d1c17d4e593cf07e0f9e907017f6edbe7e32dd2b7f8e3f026c74bbaf3466561                                                                                                                                                                                  0.5s
 => [linux/amd64 2/3] RUN apt-get update                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   3.4s
 => [linux/arm64 2/3] RUN apt-get update                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  14.5s
 => [linux/amd64 3/3] RUN apt-get install libc-bin                                                                                                                                                                                                                         1.7s
 => ERROR [linux/arm64 3/3] RUN apt-get install libc-bin                                                                                                                                                                                                                  10.2s 
------                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          
 > [linux/arm64 3/3] RUN apt-get install libc-bin:                                                                                                                                                                                                                              
0.537 Reading package lists...                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  
6.222 Building dependency tree...                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               
7.035 Reading state information...                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              
7.837 Suggested packages:                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
7.837   manpages                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                
7.967 The following packages will be upgraded:                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  
7.969   libc-bin                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                
8.159 1 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 10 not upgraded.                                                                                                                                                                                                           
8.159 Need to get 600 kB of archives.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           
8.159 After this operation, 0 B of additional disk space will be used.
8.159 Get:1 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports jammy-updates/main arm64 libc-bin arm64 2.35-0ubuntu3.9 [600 kB]
9.070 debconf: delaying package configuration, since apt-utils is not installed
9.225 Fetched 600 kB in 0s (2421 kB/s)
(Reading database ... 4387 files and directories currently installed.)
9.405 Preparing to unpack .../libc-bin_2.35-0ubuntu3.9_arm64.deb ...
9.417 Unpacking libc-bin (2.35-0ubuntu3.9) over (2.35-0ubuntu3.8) ...
9.663 Setting up libc-bin (2.35-0ubuntu3.9) ...
9.793 qemu: uncaught target signal 11 (Segmentation fault) - core dumped
9.898 Segmentation fault (core dumped)
9.939 qemu: uncaught target signal 11 (Segmentation fault) - core dumped
10.04 Segmentation fault (core dumped)
10.05 dpkg: error processing package libc-bin (--configure):
10.05  installed libc-bin package post-installation script subprocess returned error exit status 139
10.06 Errors were encountered while processing:
10.06  libc-bin
10.13 E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)
------
WARNING: No output specified with docker-container driver. Build result will only remain in the build cache. To push result image into registry use --push or to load image into docker use --load
Dockerfile:3
--------------------
   1 |     FROM ubuntu:22.04
   2 |     RUN apt-get update
   3 | >>> RUN apt-get install libc-bin
   4 |     
--------------------
ERROR: failed to solve: process "/dev/.buildkit_qemu_emulator /bin/sh -c apt-get install libc-bin" did not complete successfully: exit code: 100
galba@ip-10-90-102-194:~/docker-repro$ cat /etc/os-release

Additional info

No response

[tonistiigi]

This has been reported as one of the issues in qemu 9.2.0 . You can mitigate by installing emulators in kernel, eg. with https://github.com/docker/setup-qemu-action . https://github.com/tonistiigi/binfmt has qemu-v9.2.2 release that should have patches for this.

[ling-chun]

same problem