Implement void AsnWriter.Encode

[vcsjones]

Closes #112675

[dotnet-issue-labeler]

Note regarding the new-api-needs-documentation label:

This serves as a reminder for when your PR is modifying a ref *.cs file and adding/modifying public APIs, please make sure the API implementation in the src *.cs file is documented with triple slash comments, so the PR reviewers can sign off that change.

[dotnet-issue-labeler]

Note regarding the new-api-needs-documentation label:

This serves as a reminder for when your PR is modifying a ref *.cs file and adding/modifying public APIs, please make sure the API implementation in the src *.cs file is documented with triple slash comments, so the PR reviewers can sign off that change.

PR Overview

This PR implements a new void overload for AsnWriter.Encode to provide an encoding callback overload and updates various tests and reference assemblies accordingly. The changes include adding the new overload with XML documentation, updating tests to cover the new API, and cleaning up lambda callback return values in several crypto-related files.

Reviewed Changes

File	Description
src/libraries/System.Formats.Asn1/src/System/Formats/Asn1/AsnWriter.cs	Added new void Encode overload with accompanying documentation.
src/libraries/System.Formats.Asn1/tests/Writer/SimpleWriterTests.cs	Added test cases to validate behavior of the new Encode overload and verify exception conditions when the writer is unbalanced.
src/libraries/System.Formats.Asn1/tests/Writer/Asn1WriterTests.cs	Updated tests to check that the callback receives the correct state and encoded data.
src/libraries/System.Formats.Asn1/tests/Writer/PushPopSetOf.cs	Added tests to ensure that encoding while unbalanced correctly throws an exception.
src/libraries/System.Formats.Asn1/ref/System.Formats.Asn1.cs	Updated reference assemblies with the new void Encode declaration.
Other files (SignerInfo.cs, DSAKeyFormatHelper.cs, X509Pal.Android.cs, X509Pal.macOS.cs)	Cleaned up lambda callbacks by removing unnecessary return values to align with the new void overload.

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