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</head>
<body class="manpage">
<div id="header">
<h1>git-shell(1) Manual Page</h1>
<h2 id="_name">NAME</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<p>git-shell - Restricted login shell for Git-only SSH access</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="content">
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_synopsis">SYNOPSIS</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="verseblock">
<pre class="content"><em>chsh</em> -s $(command -v git-shell) &lt;user&gt;
<em>git clone</em> &lt;user&gt;<code>@localhost:/path/to/repo.git</code>
<em>ssh</em> &lt;user&gt;<code>@localhost</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_description">DESCRIPTION</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph">
<p>This is a login shell for SSH accounts to provide restricted Git access.
It permits execution only of server-side Git commands implementing the
pull/push functionality, plus custom commands present in a subdirectory
named <code>git-shell-commands</code> in the user&#8217;s home directory.</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_commands">COMMANDS</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph">
<p><em>git shell</em> accepts the following commands after the <code>-c</code> option:</p>
</div>
<div class="dlist">
<dl>
<dt class="hdlist1"><em>git receive-pack &lt;argument&gt;</em></dt>
<dt class="hdlist1"><em>git upload-pack &lt;argument&gt;</em></dt>
<dt class="hdlist1"><em>git upload-archive &lt;argument&gt;</em></dt>
<dd>
<p>Call the corresponding server-side command to support
the client&#8217;s <em>git push</em>, <em>git fetch</em>, or <em>git archive --remote</em>
request.</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1"><em>cvs server</em></dt>
<dd>
<p>Imitate a CVS server.  See <a href="git-cvsserver.html">git-cvsserver(1)</a>.</p>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>If a <code>~/git-shell-commands</code> directory is present, <em>git shell</em> will
also handle other, custom commands by running
"<code>git-shell-commands/</code><em>&lt;command&gt;</em> <em>&lt;arguments&gt;</em>" from the user&#8217;s home
directory.</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_interactive_use">INTERACTIVE USE</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph">
<p>By default, the commands above can be executed only with the <code>-c</code>
option; the shell is not interactive.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>If a <code>~/git-shell-commands</code> directory is present, <em>git shell</em>
can also be run interactively (with no arguments).  If a <code>help</code>
command is present in the <code>git-shell-commands</code> directory, it is
run to provide the user with an overview of allowed actions.  Then a
"git&gt; " prompt is presented at which one can enter any of the
commands from the <code>git-shell-commands</code> directory, or <code>exit</code> to close
the connection.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Generally this mode is used as an administrative interface to allow
users to list repositories they have access to, create, delete, or
rename repositories, or change repository descriptions and
permissions.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>If a <code>no-interactive-login</code> command exists, then it is run and the
interactive shell is aborted.</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_examples">EXAMPLES</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph">
<p>To disable interactive logins, displaying a greeting instead:</p>
</div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre>$ chsh -s /usr/bin/git-shell
$ mkdir $HOME/git-shell-commands
$ cat &gt;$HOME/git-shell-commands/no-interactive-login &lt;&lt;\EOF
#!/bin/sh
printf '%s\n' "Hi $USER! You've successfully authenticated, but I do not"
printf '%s\n' "provide interactive shell access."
exit 128
EOF
$ chmod +x $HOME/git-shell-commands/no-interactive-login</pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>To enable git-cvsserver access (which should generally have the
<code>no-interactive-login</code> example above as a prerequisite, as creating
the git-shell-commands directory allows interactive logins):</p>
</div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre>$ cat &gt;$HOME/git-shell-commands/cvs &lt;&lt;\EOF
if ! test $# = 1 &amp;&amp; test "$1" = "server"
then
        echo &gt;&amp;2 "git-cvsserver only handles \"server\""
        exit 1
fi
exec git cvsserver server
EOF
$ chmod +x $HOME/git-shell-commands/cvs</pre>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_see_also">SEE ALSO</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph">
<p>ssh(1),
<a href="git-daemon.html">git-daemon(1)</a>,
contrib/git-shell-commands/README</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_git">GIT</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Part of the <a href="git.html">git(1)</a> suite</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div id="footer">
<div id="footer-text">
Last updated 2025-02-14 21:38:14 -0800
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