feat: [2.5] Support get segment binlogs info with new interface GetSegmentsInfo

[xiaocai2333]

issue: #40341

master pr: #40464

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[codecov]

Codecov Report

Attention: Patch coverage is 85.07463% with 20 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.

Project coverage is 80.92%. Comparing base (b0ad3d9) to head (a764395).
Report is 4 commits behind head on 2.5.

Files with missing lines	Patch %	Lines
internal/proxy/impl.go	77.21%	13 Missing and 5 partials ⚠️
internal/distributed/proxy/service.go	0.00%	2 Missing ⚠️

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##              2.5   #40466      +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   82.67%   80.92%   -1.75%     
==========================================
  Files        1115     1421     +306     
  Lines      172326   201000   +28674     
==========================================
+ Hits       142471   162668   +20197     
- Misses      24170    32643    +8473     
- Partials     5685     5689       +4     

Components	Coverage Δ
Client	79.77% <ø> (ø)
Core	70.36% <ø> (∅)
Go	82.81% <85.07%> (+<0.01%)	⬆️

Files with missing lines	Coverage Δ
internal/distributed/proxy/client/client.go	93.70% <100.00%> (+0.18%)	⬆️
...nternal/distributed/proxy/httpserver/handler_v2.go	92.69% <100.00%> (+0.13%)	⬆️
...nternal/distributed/proxy/httpserver/request_v2.go	83.09% <100.00%> (+0.74%)	⬆️
internal/distributed/proxy/service.go	85.11% <0.00%> (-0.24%)	⬇️
internal/proxy/impl.go	83.73% <77.21%> (-0.09%)	⬇️

... and 325 files with indirect coverage changes

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