Add CRUD operations to AlbumViewSet

Implemented list, create, retrieve, update, partial_update and destroy operations for the AlbumViewSet in music views. Imported necessary libraries and wrote code to handle these operations, adding functionality to handle album management in the music application. Also, updated the documentation to detail these changes and usage.

Author: lipemorais

docs/images/index.md

@@ -337,6 +337,133 @@ urlpatterns = [
 ```
 1. We added a new import for the AlbumViewSet
 2. We added the routes for albums
+
+Next is the `AlbumViewSet` in the `music.views.py`. I will break it down in some steps.
+
+```python
+class AlbumViewSet(viewsets.ViewSet):
+    queryset = Album.objects.all()
+    serializer_class = AlbumSerializer
+```
+1. Here we create a class `AlbumViewSet` inheriting from `views.ViewSet`, pay attention, this is nos a model view set.
+2. Set the `queryset`
+3. Set `serializer_class`, we are going to talk about this `AlbumSerializer` later
+
+After this still in the same view we are going through what DRF call actions.
+Instead of have methods in the view set for get, post, delete... It has functions based on actions. The actions are the ones below:
+
+```python
+class AlbumViewSet(viewsets.ViewSet):
+    queryset = Album.objects.all()
+    serializer_class = AlbumSerializer
+
+    def list(self, request):
+        """
+        List the resources, albums in this case
+        """
+        pass
+
+    def create(self, request):
+        """
+        List the resources, albums in this case
+        """
+        pass
+
+    def retrieve(self, request, pk=None):
+        """
+        Retrieve a single resources, album in this case
+        """
+        pass
+
+    def update(self, request, pk=None):
+        """
+        Update the resource, album in this case
+        """
+        pass
+
+    def partial_update(self, request, pk=None):
+        """
+        Partially update the resource, album in this case
+        """
+        pass
+
+    def destroy(self, request, pk=None):
+        """
+        Delete the resource, album in this case
+        """
+        pass
+```
+
+With the actions in place we will fill each of these methods.
+First the `list` method.
+
+```python
+    def list(self, request):
+        serializer = self.serializer_class(self.queryset, many=True)
+        return Response(serializer.data)
+```
+1. Here we just need to serialize the queryset and return it as a 
+2. Don't forget to import the `from rest_framework.response import Response`
+
+The following action will be `create`
+
+```python
+    def create(self, request):
+        serializer = self.serializer_class(data=request.data)
+        serializer.is_valid(raise_exception=True)
+        serializer.save()
+        return Response(serializer.data, status=status.HTTP_201_CREATED)
+```
+1. Here we need to serialize the `request.data`
+2. Check if it `is_valid`
+3. Save our Album(There is caveat here I will show later how to fix)
+4. And return a response with the `serializer.data`a and a https status
+5. Don't forget to import `from rest_framework import status`
+
+Next is `retrieve`
+```python
+    def retrieve(self, request, pk=None):
+        album = get_object_or_404(Album, pk=pk)
+        serializer = self.serializer_class(album)
+        return Response(serializer.data)
+```
+1. We try to get the album using the `get_object_or_404` from `from rest_framework.generics import get_object_or_404`
+2. serialize it and send it back as a response
+
+So we have the `update`
+```python
+    def update(self, request, pk=None):
+        album = get_object_or_404(Album, pk=pk)
+        serializer = self.serializer_class(album, data=request.data)
+        serializer.is_valid(raise_exception=True)
+        serializer.save()
+        return Response(serializer.data)
+```
+1. Similarly to the previous one but this time we update just the needed fields
+
+For `partial_update` is close to the one above
+```python
+    def partial_update(self, request, pk=None):
+        album = get_object_or_404(Album, pk=pk)
+        serializer = self.serializer_class(album, data=request.data, partial=True)
+        serializer.is_valid(raise_exception=True)
+        serializer.save()
+        return Response(serializer.data)
+```
+1. the only difference here from the `update` above is the `partial=True` so it know that it just need to update some fields not all of them.
+
+Last but not least `destroy` action to delete albums
+```python
+    def destroy(self, request, pk=None):
+        album = get_object_or_404(Album, pk=pk)
+        album.delete()
+        return Response(status=status.HTTP_204_NO_CONTENT)
+```
+1. Here we need to get the album and call the `.delete()` on it
+
+
+With `destroy` set the we finish the change on `music.views.py`
+
 ## Bonus content
 
 ### Serializers deep dive

first_api/music/views.py

@@ -1,8 +1,10 @@
 from django.http import HttpResponse
-from rest_framework import viewsets
+from rest_framework import viewsets, status
+from rest_framework.generics import get_object_or_404
+from rest_framework.response import Response
 
-from music.models import Artist
-from music.serializers import ArtistSerializer
+from music.models import Artist, Album
+from music.serializers import ArtistSerializer, AlbumSerializer
 
 
 def index(_request):
@@ -12,3 +14,42 @@ def index(_request):
 class ArtistViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
     queryset = Artist.objects.all()
     serializer_class = ArtistSerializer
+
+
+class AlbumViewSet(viewsets.ViewSet):
+    queryset = Album.objects.all()
+    serializer_class = AlbumSerializer
+
+    def list(self, request):
+        serializer = self.serializer_class(self.queryset, many=True)
+        return Response(serializer.data)
+
+    def create(self, request):
+        serializer = self.serializer_class(data=request.data)
+        serializer.is_valid(raise_exception=True)
+        serializer.save()
+        return Response(serializer.data, status=status.HTTP_201_CREATED)
+
+    def retrieve(self, request, pk=None):
+        album = get_object_or_404(Album, pk=pk)
+        serializer = self.serializer_class(album)
+        return Response(serializer.data)
+
+    def update(self, request, pk=None):
+        album = get_object_or_404(Album, pk=pk)
+        serializer = self.serializer_class(album, data=request.data)
+        serializer.is_valid(raise_exception=True)
+        serializer.save()
+        return Response(serializer.data)
+
+    def partial_update(self, request, pk=None):
+        album = get_object_or_404(Album, pk=pk)
+        serializer = self.serializer_class(album, data=request.data, partial=True)
+        serializer.is_valid(raise_exception=True)
+        serializer.save()
+        return Response(serializer.data)
+
+    def destroy(self, request, pk=None):
+        album = get_object_or_404(Album, pk=pk)
+        album.delete()
+        return Response(status=status.HTTP_204_NO_CONTENT)