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<div class="container"><div class="page single"><h1 class="single-title animate__animated animate__pulse animate__faster">增细加工</h1><div class="content" id="content"><p>为什么有些人记单词总是记不住？为什么记住了又很快忘记？</p>
<p>这里涉及到一个认知心理学概念——增细加工（elaborative processing），即补充和拓展相关的信息，无论补充的信息是否帮助理解所需记忆的事物，都有助于记忆。</p>
<p>我们通常会碰到两种类型的信息，一种是像化学式、物理公式、生物概念、积分公式这些有大量背景知识的信息，另一种是单词、生僻字、清单这些背景信息很少的信息。对于前者，记忆的关键是把背景信息理解吃透，记忆是顺其自然的事；对于后者，则需要增细加工，人为补充相关信息来帮助记忆。</p>
<p>以记单词为例，有词根记忆、联想记忆、词组搭配、例句等记忆方法。例如，miracle（奇事、奇迹），可采用词根记忆，mir（惊奇）+acle（表物）->奇事；plateau（高原），可采用联想记忆，plat（平的）+eau->高出平地的地->高原；tragedy（惨事；悲剧），可借助词组搭配记忆，Greek tragedy 希腊悲剧。以上帮助记忆单词的补充信息，是自己想出来的，或是单词书上看到的，都不重要，重要的是帮助记忆的提示信息能否起到提示作用。</p>
<p>另外再举几个本身没有意义的助记例子，元素周期表、二十四节气歌、横戌点戍戊中空，朗朗上口，至今也没忘记。</p>
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