feat: add throw_no_derivative keyword to expand_derivatives

[AayushSabharwal]

Working toward a better error message in SciML/ModelingToolkit.jl#3370

[codecov-commenter]

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Codecov Report

Attention: Patch coverage is 0% with 56 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.

Project coverage is 8.80%. Comparing base (eced900) to head (a1b8cc4).
Report is 38 commits behind head on master.

Files with missing lines	Patch %	Lines
src/diff.jl	0.00%	50 Missing ⚠️
src/extra_functions.jl	0.00%	6 Missing ⚠️

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Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff            @@
##           master   #1448      +/-   ##
=========================================
- Coverage    8.88%   8.80%   -0.08%     
=========================================
  Files          51      51              
  Lines        4876    4920      +44     
=========================================
  Hits          433     433              
- Misses       4443    4487      +44     

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