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<!DOCTYPE HTML>
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<title>kube-apiserver 中 apiserver service 的实现 · 田飞雨</title>
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<li>
<a href="https://blog.tianfeiyu.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">Home</a>
</li>
<li class="divider"></li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.1" data-path="../">
<a href="../">
<b>1.1.</b>
Introduction
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2" data-path="./">
<a href="./">
<b>1.2.</b>
kubernetes
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.1" data-path="kube_apiserver.html">
<a href="kube_apiserver.html">
<b>1.2.1.</b>
kube-apiserver 的设计与实现
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter active" data-level="1.2.2" data-path="apiserver_bootstrap_controller.html">
<a href="apiserver_bootstrap_controller.html">
<b>1.2.2.</b>
kube-apiserver 中 apiserver service 的实现
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.3" data-path="nodelifecycle_controller.html">
<a href="nodelifecycle_controller.html">
<b>1.2.3.</b>
node controller 源码分析
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.4" data-path="job_controller.html">
<a href="job_controller.html">
<b>1.2.4.</b>
job controller 源码分析
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.5" data-path="garbagecollector_controller.html">
<a href="garbagecollector_controller.html">
<b>1.2.5.</b>
garbage collector controller 源码分析
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.6" data-path="daemonset_controller.html">
<a href="daemonset_controller.html">
<b>1.2.6.</b>
daemonset controller 源码分析
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.7" data-path="statefulset_controller.html">
<a href="statefulset_controller.html">
<b>1.2.7.</b>
statefulset controller 源码分析
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.8" data-path="deployment_controller.html">
<a href="deployment_controller.html">
<b>1.2.8.</b>
deployment controller 源码分析
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.9" data-path="replicaset_controller.html">
<a href="replicaset_controller.html">
<b>1.2.9.</b>
replicaset controller 源码分析
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.10" data-path="kube_scheduler_process.html">
<a href="kube_scheduler_process.html">
<b>1.2.10.</b>
kube-scheduler 源码分析
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.11" data-path="kube_scheduler_algorithm.html">
<a href="kube_scheduler_algorithm.html">
<b>1.2.11.</b>
kube-scheduler predicates 与 priorities 调度算法源码分析
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.12" data-path="kube_scheduler_preempt.html">
<a href="kube_scheduler_preempt.html">
<b>1.2.12.</b>
kube-scheduler 优先级与抢占机制源码分析
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.13" data-path="k8s_service_theory.html">
<a href="k8s_service_theory.html">
<b>1.2.13.</b>
kubernetes service 原理解析
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.14" data-path="kube_proxy_process.html">
<a href="kube_proxy_process.html">
<b>1.2.14.</b>
kube-proxy 源码分析
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.15" data-path="kube_proxy_iptables.html">
<a href="kube_proxy_iptables.html">
<b>1.2.15.</b>
kube-proxy iptables 模式源码分析
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.16" data-path="kube_proxy_ipvs.html">
<a href="kube_proxy_ipvs.html">
<b>1.2.16.</b>
kube-proxy ipvs 模式源码分析
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.17" data-path="kubelet-modules.html">
<a href="kubelet-modules.html">
<b>1.2.17.</b>
kubelet 架构浅析
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.18" data-path="kubelet_init.html">
<a href="kubelet_init.html">
<b>1.2.18.</b>
kubelet 启动流程分析
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.19" data-path="kubelet_create_pod.html">
<a href="kubelet_create_pod.html">
<b>1.2.19.</b>
kubelet 创建 pod 的流程
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.20" data-path="node_status.html">
<a href="node_status.html">
<b>1.2.20.</b>
kubelet 状态上报的方式
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.21" data-path="k8s_events.html">
<a href="k8s_events.html">
<b>1.2.21.</b>
kubelet 中事件处理机制
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.22" data-path="kubelet_status_manager.html">
<a href="kubelet_status_manager.html">
<b>1.2.22.</b>
kubelet statusManager 源码分析
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.23" data-path="kubelet_qos.html">
<a href="kubelet_qos.html">
<b>1.2.23.</b>
kubernetes 中 Qos 的设计与实现
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.24" data-path="kubelet_garbage_collect.html">
<a href="kubelet_garbage_collect.html">
<b>1.2.24.</b>
kubelet 中垃圾回收机制的设计与实现
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.25" data-path="k8s_evicted.html">
<a href="k8s_evicted.html">
<b>1.2.25.</b>
kubernetes 中 Evicted pod 是如何产生的
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.26" data-path="kubernetes_descheduler.html">
<a href="kubernetes_descheduler.html">
<b>1.2.26.</b>
Kubernetes 中 Descheduler 组件的使用与扩展
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3" data-path="../knative/">
<a href="../knative/">
<b>1.3.</b>
knative
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.1" data-path="../knative/deploy_with_minkube.html">
<a href="../knative/deploy_with_minkube.html">
<b>1.3.1.</b>
在 minkube 上部署 knative
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.2" data-path="../knative/knative_serving.html">
<a href="../knative/knative_serving.html">
<b>1.3.2.</b>
knative serving 组件分析
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4" data-path="../cgroup/">
<a href="../cgroup/">
<b>1.4.</b>
cgroup
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.1" data-path="../cgroup/blkio_cgroup.html">
<a href="../cgroup/blkio_cgroup.html">
<b>1.4.1.</b>
blkio cgroup
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.2" data-path="../cgroup/pid_cgroup.html">
<a href="../cgroup/pid_cgroup.html">
<b>1.4.2.</b>
pid cgroup
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5" data-path="../go/">
<a href="../go/">
<b>1.5.</b>
go
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.1" data-path="../go/func_return_value_or_pointer.html">
<a href="../go/func_return_value_or_pointer.html">
<b>1.5.1.</b>
golang 中函数使用值返回与指针返回的区别，底层原理分析
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.2" data-path="../go/golang_bootstrap.html">
<a href="../go/golang_bootstrap.html">
<b>1.5.2.</b>
Golang 程序启动流程分析
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.3" data-path="../go/golang_gpm.html">
<a href="../go/golang_gpm.html">
<b>1.5.3.</b>
Golang GPM 模型剖析
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<li><a href="#bootstrap-controller-源码分析">bootstrap controller 源码分析</a><ul>
<li><a href="#newbootstrapcontroller">NewBootstrapController</a></li>
<li><a href="#bootstrapcontrollerstart">bootstrapController.Start</a></li>
<li><a href="#crunkubernetesnamespaces">c.RunKubernetesNamespaces</a></li>
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</li>
<li><a href="#repairclusteripsrununtil">repairClusterIPs.RunUntil</a></li>
<li><a href="#repairnodeportsrununti">repairNodePorts.RunUnti</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#总结">总结</a></li>
</ul>
<p>在 kubernetes，可以从集群外部和内部两种方式访问 kubernetes API，在集群外直接访问 apiserver 提供的 API，在集群内即 pod 中可以通过访问 service 为 kubernetes 的 ClusterIP。kubernetes 集群在初始化完成后就会创建一个 kubernetes service，该 service 是 kube-apiserver 创建并进行维护的，如下所示：</p>
<pre class="language-"><code>$ kubectl get service
NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
kubernetes ClusterIP 10.96.0.1 <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>none</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span> 443/TCP 4d22h
$ kubectl get endpoints kubernetes
NAME ENDPOINTS AGE
kubernetes 192.168.99.113:6443 4d22h
</code></pre><p>内置的 kubernetes service 无法删除，其 ClusterIP 为通过 <code>--service-cluster-ip-range</code> 参数指定的 ip 段中的首个 ip，kubernetes endpoints 中的 ip 以及 port 可以通过 <code>--advertise-address</code> 和 <code>--secure-port</code> 启动参数来指定。</p>
<p>kubernetes service 是由 kube-apiserver 中的 bootstrap controller 进行控制的，其主要以下几个功能：</p>
<ul>
<li>创建 kubernetes service；</li>
<li>创建 default、kube-system 和 kube-public 命名空间，如果启用了 <code>NodeLease</code> 特性还会创建 kube-node-lease 命名空间；</li>
<li>提供基于 Service ClusterIP 的修复及检查功能；</li>
<li>提供基于 Service NodePort 的修复及检查功能；</li>
</ul>
<p>kubernetes service 默认使用 ClusterIP 对外暴露服务，若要使用 nodePort 的方式可在 kube-apiserver 启动时通过 <code>--kubernetes-service-node-port</code> 参数指定对应的端口。</p>
<h3 id="bootstrap-controller-源码分析"><a name="bootstrap-controller-源码分析" class="anchor-navigation-ex-anchor" href="#bootstrap-controller-源码分析"><i class="fa fa-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a>bootstrap controller 源码分析</h3>
<blockquote>
<p>kubernetes 版本：v1.16</p>
</blockquote>
<p>bootstrap controller 的初始化以及启动是在 <code>CreateKubeAPIServer</code> 调用链的 <code>InstallLegacyAPI</code> 方法中完成的，bootstrap controller 的启停是由 apiserver 的 <code>PostStartHook</code> 和 <code>ShutdownHook</code> 进行控制的。</p>
<p><code>k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/master/master.go:406</code></p>
<pre class="language-"><code>func (m *Master) InstallLegacyAPI(......) error {
legacyRESTStorage, apiGroupInfo, err := legacyRESTStorageProvider.NewLegacyRESTStorage(restOptionsGetter)
if err != nil {
return fmt.Errorf("Error building core storage: %v", err)
}
// 初始化 bootstrap-controller
controllerName := "bootstrap-controller"
coreClient := corev1client.NewForConfigOrDie(c.GenericConfig.LoopbackClientConfig)
bootstrapController := c.NewBootstrapController(......)
m.GenericAPIServer.AddPostStartHookOrDie(controllerName, bootstrapController.PostStartHook)
m.GenericAPIServer.AddPreShutdownHookOrDie(controllerName, bootstrapController.PreShutdownHook)
if err := m.GenericAPIServer.InstallLegacyAPIGroup(genericapiserver.DefaultLegacyAPIPrefix, &apiGroupInfo); err != nil {
return fmt.Errorf("Error in registering group versions: %v", err)
}
return nil
}
</code></pre><p>postStartHooks 会在 kube-apiserver 的启动方法 <code>prepared.Run</code> 中调用 <code>RunPostStartHooks</code> 启动所有 Hook。</p>
<h4 id="newbootstrapcontroller"><a name="newbootstrapcontroller" class="anchor-navigation-ex-anchor" href="#newbootstrapcontroller"><i class="fa fa-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a>NewBootstrapController</h4>
<p>bootstrap controller 在初始化时需要设定多个参数，主要有 PublicIP、ServiceCIDR、PublicServicePort 等。PublicIP 是通过命令行参数 <code>--advertise-address</code> 指定的，如果没有指定，系统会自动选出一个 global IP。PublicServicePort 通过 <code>--secure-port</code> 启动参数来指定（默认为 6443），ServiceCIDR 通过 <code>--service-cluster-ip-range</code> 参数指定（默认为 10.0.0.0/24）。</p>
<p><code>k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/master/controller.go:89</code></p>
<pre class="language-"><code>func (c *completedConfig) NewBootstrapController(......) *Controller {
// 1、获取 PublicServicePort
_, publicServicePort, err := c.GenericConfig.SecureServing.HostPort()
if err != nil {
klog.Fatalf("failed to get listener address: %v", err)
}
// 2、指定需要创建的 kube-system 和 kube-public
systemNamespaces := []string{metav1.NamespaceSystem, metav1.NamespacePublic}
if utilfeature.DefaultFeatureGate.Enabled(features.NodeLease) {
systemNamespaces = append(systemNamespaces, corev1.NamespaceNodeLease)
}
return &Controller{
......
// ServiceClusterIPRegistry 是在 CreateKubeAPIServer 初始化 RESTStorage 时初始化的，是一个 etcd 实例
ServiceClusterIPRegistry: legacyRESTStorage.ServiceClusterIPAllocator,
ServiceClusterIPRange: c.ExtraConfig.ServiceIPRange,
SecondaryServiceClusterIPRegistry: legacyRESTStorage.SecondaryServiceClusterIPAllocator,
// SecondaryServiceClusterIPRange 需要在启用 IPv6DualStack 后才能使用
SecondaryServiceClusterIPRange: c.ExtraConfig.SecondaryServiceIPRange,
ServiceClusterIPInterval: 3 * time.Minute,
ServiceNodePortRegistry: legacyRESTStorage.ServiceNodePortAllocator,
ServiceNodePortRange: c.ExtraConfig.ServiceNodePortRange,
ServiceNodePortInterval: 3 * time.Minute,
// API Server 绑定的IP，这个IP会作为kubernetes service的Endpoint的IP
PublicIP: c.GenericConfig.PublicAddress,
// 取 clusterIP range 中的第一个 IP
ServiceIP: c.ExtraConfig.APIServerServiceIP,
// 默认为 6443
ServicePort: c.ExtraConfig.APIServerServicePort,
ExtraServicePorts: c.ExtraConfig.ExtraServicePorts,
ExtraEndpointPorts: c.ExtraConfig.ExtraEndpointPorts,
// 这里为 6443
PublicServicePort: publicServicePort,
// 缺省是基于 ClusterIP 启动模式，这里为0
KubernetesServiceNodePort: c.ExtraConfig.KubernetesServiceNodePort,
}
}
</code></pre><p>自动选出 global IP 的代码如下所示：</p>
<p><code>k8s.io/kubernetes/staging/src/k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/util/net/interface.go:323</code></p>
<pre class="language-"><code>func ChooseHostInterface() (net.IP, error) {
var nw networkInterfacer = networkInterface{}
if _, err := os.Stat(ipv4RouteFile); os.IsNotExist(err) {
return chooseIPFromHostInterfaces(nw)
}
routes, err := getAllDefaultRoutes()
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
return chooseHostInterfaceFromRoute(routes, nw)
}
</code></pre><h4 id="bootstrapcontrollerstart"><a name="bootstrapcontrollerstart" class="anchor-navigation-ex-anchor" href="#bootstrapcontrollerstart"><i class="fa fa-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a>bootstrapController.Start</h4>
<p>上文已经提到了 bootstrap controller 主要的四个功能：修复 ClusterIP、修复 NodePort、更新 kubernetes service、创建系统所需要的名字空间（default、kube-system、kube-public）。bootstrap controller 在启动后首先会完成一次 ClusterIP、NodePort 和 Kubernets 服务的处理，然后异步循环运行上面的4个工作。以下是其 <code>start</code> 方法：</p>
<p><code>k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/master/controller.go:146</code></p>
<pre class="language-"><code>func (c *Controller) Start() {
if c.runner != nil {
return
}
// 1、首次启动时首先从 kubernetes endpoints 中移除自身的配置，
// 此时 kube-apiserver 可能处于非 ready 状态
endpointPorts := createEndpointPortSpec(c.PublicServicePort, "https", c.ExtraEndpointPorts)
if err := c.EndpointReconciler.RemoveEndpoints(kubernetesServiceName, c.PublicIP, endpointPorts); err != nil {
klog.Errorf("Unable to remove old endpoints from kubernetes service: %v", err)
}
// 2、初始化 repairClusterIPs 和 repairNodePorts 对象
repairClusterIPs := servicecontroller.NewRepair(......)
repairNodePorts := portallocatorcontroller.NewRepair(......)
// 3、首先运行一次 repairClusterIPs 和 repairNodePorts，即进行初始化
if err := repairClusterIPs.RunOnce(); err != nil {
klog.Fatalf("Unable to perform initial IP allocation check: %v", err)
}
if err := repairNodePorts.RunOnce(); err != nil {
klog.Fatalf("Unable to perform initial service nodePort check: %v", err)
}
// 4、定期执行 bootstrap controller 主要的四个功能
c.runner = async.NewRunner(c.RunKubernetesNamespaces, c.RunKubernetesService, repairClusterIPs.RunUntil, repairNodePorts.RunUntil)
c.runner.Start()
}
</code></pre><h4 id="crunkubernetesnamespaces"><a name="crunkubernetesnamespaces" class="anchor-navigation-ex-anchor" href="#crunkubernetesnamespaces"><i class="fa fa-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a>c.RunKubernetesNamespaces</h4>
<p><code>c.RunKubernetesNamespaces</code> 主要功能是创建 kube-system 和 kube-public 命名空间，如果启用了 <code>NodeLease</code> 特性功能还会创建 kube-node-lease 命名空间，之后每隔一分钟检查一次。</p>
<p><code>k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/master/controller.go:199</code></p>
<pre class="language-"><code>func (c *Controller) RunKubernetesNamespaces(ch chan struct{}) {
wait.Until(func() {
for _, ns := range c.SystemNamespaces {