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README.txt
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README.txt
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WordPress Multi User
--------------------
WordPress MU is a multi user version of WordPress.
If you're not comfortable editing PHP code, taking care of a complex
webserver and database system and being pro-active about following
developments of this project then run, don't walk, to
http://wordpress.com/ and sign yourself and your friends up to free blogs.
It's easier in the long run and you'll save yourself a lot of pain
and angst.
Install
=======
1. Download and unzip the WordPress MU package, if you haven't already.
The unzipped files will be created in a directory named "wordpressmu"
followed by a version number.
2. Create a database for WordPress MU on your web server, as well as a
MySQL user who has all privileges for accessing and modifying it.
3. Unzip to an empty folder, either in the main directory, or in a
subdirectory. If you want subdomain blogs, you must use the root of
your site.
4. Make sure your install directory and the wp-contents directory are
writeable by the webserver.
5. Run the WordPress MU installation script by accessing index.php
in your favorite web browser.
* If you installed WordPress MU in the root directory, you should
visit: http://example.com/index.php
* If you installed WordPress MU in its own subdirectory called
blogs, for example, you should visit: http://example.com/blogs/index.php
(Adapted from http://codex.wordpress.org/Installing_WordPress)
If you're upgrading, skip to the end of this document.
Apache
======
Apache must be configured so that mod_rewrite works. Here are
instructions for Apache 2. Apache 1.3 is very similar.
1. Make sure a line like the following appears in your httpd.conf
LoadModule rewrite_module /usr/lib/apache2/modules/mod_rewrite.so
2. In the <Directory> directive of your virtual host, look for this
line
"AllowOverride None"
and change it to
"AllowOverride FileInfo Options"
3. In the <VirtualHost> section of the config file for your host there
will be a line defining the hostname. You need to add the following
if you want virtual hosts to work properly:
"ServerAlias *.domain.tld"
Replace domain.tld with whatever your one is, and remove the quotes.
DNS
===
If you want to host blogs of the form http://blog.domain.tld/ where
domain.tld is the domain name of your machine then you must add a
wildcard record to your DNS records.
This usually means adding a "*" hostname record pointing at your
webserver in your DNS configuration tool.
Matt has a more detailed explanation:
http://ma.tt/2003/10/10/wildcard-dns-and-sub-domains/
PHP
===
1. Don't display error messages to the browser. This is almost always
turned off but sometimes when you're testing you turn this on and forget
to reset it.
2. If your PHP is compiled with memory limit checks, the default is 8MB
which is much too small. You should increase this to at least 32MB or 64MB
to avoid PHP out of memory errors. Look for "memory_limit" in your php.ini
file.
3. GLOBAL variables must be turned off. This is one of the first things
any security aware admin will do. These days the default is for it to
be off!
The easiest way of configuring it is via the .htaccess file that is
created during the install. If you haven't installed WPMU yet then edit
the file htaccess.dist in this directory and add these two lines at the
top:
php_flag register_globals 0
php_flag display_errors 0
This is NOT included in that file by default because it doesn't work on
all machines. If it doesn't work on your machine, you'll get a cryptic
"500 internal error" after you install WPMU. To remove the offending lines
just edit the file ".htaccess" in your install directory and you'll see
them at the top. Delete and save the file again.
Read here for how to enable this: http://ie.php.net/configuration.changes
If you don't want to edit your .htaccess file then you need to change your
php.ini. It's beyond the scope of this README to know exactly where it is
on your machine, but if you're on a shared hosted server you probably
don't have access to it as it requires root or administrator privileges
to change.
If you do have root access, try "locate php.ini" or check in:
/etc/php4/apache2/php.ini
/usr/local/lib/php.ini
Once you have opened your php.ini, look for the sections related to
register_globals and display_errors. Make sure both are Off like so:
display_errors = Off
register_globals = Off
You'll have to restart Apache after you modify your php.ini for the
settings to be updated.
4. If you want to restrict blog signups, set the restrict domain email
setting in the admin.
ERROR LOGGING
=============
If you are developing a site based on WPMU it is recommended that you
turn on PHP error logging. Look in your php.ini for the section marked
"Error handling and logging" where you can configure it.
Mysql database errors are logged to the PHP error log if enabled or it
can also send error reports to a file of your choice. After installing,
edit wp-config.php and define a constant, "ERRORLOGFILE", pointing at
your MySQL error log. This file must be writeable by your webserver.
Please don't log to a file visible by your webserver or people may
figure out they can download it.
Example definition:
define( "ERRORLOGFILE", "/tmp/mysql.log" );
UPGRADING
=========
Please see this page for instructions on upgrading your install:
http://codex.wordpress.org/Upgrading_WPMU
PERFORMANCE
===========
WordPress MU has a caching framework which allows third party developers
to create cache engines that improve performance.
There are two types of caching plugins available for WordPress.
1. Object Cache.
These work by storing commonly accessed data in a rapid access storage
container such as RAM or directly on the filesystem.
To install these plugins copy them into your wp-content folder.
Memcached: http://dev.wp-plugins.org/browser/memcached/trunk/
2. Full page cache.
These work by storing complete web pages and are generally faster than
object cache plugins at the expense of less flexibility. On a busy
WordPress MU site these may in fact slow down your server due to
limitations in how the cached files are stored. Clearing out the cached
files on a regular basis will alleviate this problem. YMMV.
WP Super Cache: http://ocaoimh.ie/wp-super-cache/
SPAM
====
On WordPress MU sites spam signups can be a major problem. Akismet (http://akismet.com/)
protects against spam comments but the following will help defeat
spammers using automated scripts to create blogs:
http://ocaoimh.ie/cookies-for-comments/
http://wordpress-plugins.feifei.us/hashcash/
http://www.darcynorman.net/2009/05/20/stopping-spamblog-registration-in-wordpress-multiuser/
Support Forum and Bug Reports
=============================
Please read http://codex.wordpress.org/Debugging_WPMU before
asking any questions. Without all the information required there
we'll just ask for it anyway or worse, your request will be ignored.
http://mu.wordpress.org/forums/
Trac is our bug tracking system. Again, please read the above link
before submitting a bug report.
http://trac.mu.wordpress.org/report/1
You can login to both sites using your wordpress.org username and
password.
Links
=====
1. Download Page
The latest version of WordPress MU is available at http://mu.wordpress.org/download/
2. Plugins
Many WordPress plugins and almost all themes work fine in MU. The best
place to look for them is the WordPress Plugin Directory at
http://wordpress.org/extend/plugins/
The "WordPress MU" and "WPMU" tags list plugins made specifically for MU:
http://wordpress.org/extend/plugins/tags/wordpressmu
http://wordpress.org/extend/plugins/tags/wpmu
3. Themes
The only site you should download WordPress themes from is the
Themes Directory at http://wordpress.org/extend/themes/
If you download themes from other sites, please make sure they don't contain
sponsored links that would put your site at risk of being banned by Google.
4. News
http://ocaoimh.ie/category/wordpress/
http://planet.wordpress.org/
http://mu.wordpress.org/forums/