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c_vec.rs
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c_vec.rs
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// Copyright 2012 The Rust Project Developers. See the COPYRIGHT
// file at the top-level directory of this distribution and at
// http://rust-lang.org/COPYRIGHT.
//
// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or
// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license
// <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your
// option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
// except according to those terms.
/*!
* Library to interface with chunks of memory allocated in C.
*
* It is often desirable to safely interface with memory allocated from C,
* encapsulating the unsafety into allocation and destruction time. Indeed,
* allocating memory externally is currently the only way to give Rust shared
* mut state with C programs that keep their own references; vectors are
* unsuitable because they could be reallocated or moved at any time, and
* importing C memory into a vector takes a one-time snapshot of the memory.
*
* This module simplifies the usage of such external blocks of memory. Memory
* is encapsulated into an opaque object after creation; the lifecycle of the
* memory can be optionally managed by Rust, if an appropriate destructor
* closure is provided. Safety is ensured by bounds-checking accesses, which
* are marshalled through get and set functions.
*
* There are three unsafe functions: the two introduction forms, and the
* pointer elimination form. The introduction forms are unsafe for the
* obvious reason (they act on a pointer that cannot be checked inside the
* method), but the elimination form is somewhat more subtle in its unsafety.
* By using a pointer taken from a c_vec::t without keeping a reference to the
* c_vec::t itself around, the CVec could be garbage collected, and the
* memory within could be destroyed. There are legitimate uses for the
* pointer elimination form -- for instance, to pass memory back into C -- but
* great care must be taken to ensure that a reference to the c_vec::t is
* still held if needed.
*/
use std::ptr;
use std::routine::Runnable;
use std::util;
/**
* The type representing a foreign chunk of memory
*/
pub struct CVec<T> {
/// No change all were allready priv!!
priv base: *mut T,
priv len: uint,
priv rsrc: @DtorRes,
}
struct DtorRes {
dtor: Option<~Runnable>,
}
#[unsafe_destructor]
impl Drop for DtorRes {
fn drop(&mut self) {
let dtor = util::replace(&mut self.dtor, None);
match dtor {
None => (),
Some(f) => f.run()
}
}
}
impl DtorRes {
fn new(dtor: Option<~Runnable>) -> DtorRes {
DtorRes {
dtor: dtor,
}
}
}
/*
Section: Introduction forms
*/
/**
* Create a `CVec` from a foreign buffer with a given length.
*
* # Arguments
*
* * base - A foreign pointer to a buffer
* * len - The number of elements in the buffer
*/
pub unsafe fn CVec<T>(base: *mut T, len: uint) -> CVec<T> {
return CVec {
base: base,
len: len,
rsrc: @DtorRes::new(None)
};
}
/**
* Create a `CVec` from a foreign buffer, with a given length,
* and a function to run upon destruction.
*
* # Arguments
*
* * base - A foreign pointer to a buffer
* * len - The number of elements in the buffer
* * dtor - A function to run when the value is destructed, useful
* for freeing the buffer, etc.
*/
pub unsafe fn c_vec_with_dtor<T>(base: *mut T, len: uint, dtor: ~Runnable)
-> CVec<T> {
return CVec{
base: base,
len: len,
rsrc: @DtorRes::new(Some(dtor))
};
}
/*
Section: Operations
*/
/**
* Retrieves an element at a given index
*
* Fails if `ofs` is greater or equal to the length of the vector
*/
pub fn get<T:Clone>(t: CVec<T>, ofs: uint) -> T {
assert!(ofs < len(t));
return unsafe {
(*ptr::mut_offset(t.base, ofs as int)).clone()
};
}
/**
* Sets the value of an element at a given index
*
* Fails if `ofs` is greater or equal to the length of the vector
*/
pub fn set<T>(t: CVec<T>, ofs: uint, v: T) {
assert!(ofs < len(t));
unsafe { *ptr::mut_offset(t.base, ofs as int) = v };
}
/*
Section: Elimination forms
*/
/// Returns the length of the vector
pub fn len<T>(t: CVec<T>) -> uint { t.len }
/// Returns a pointer to the first element of the vector
pub unsafe fn ptr<T>(t: CVec<T>) -> *mut T { t.base }
#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
use c_vec::*;
use std::libc::*;
use std::libc;
use std::routine::Runnable;
struct LibcFree {
mem: *c_void,
}
impl Runnable for LibcFree {
#[fixed_stack_segment]
fn run(~self) {
unsafe {
libc::free(self.mem)
}
}
}
fn malloc(n: size_t) -> CVec<u8> {
#[fixed_stack_segment];
#[inline(never)];
unsafe {
let mem = libc::malloc(n);
assert!(mem as int != 0);
return c_vec_with_dtor(mem as *mut u8,
n as uint,
~LibcFree {
mem: mem,
} as ~Runnable);
}
}
#[test]
fn test_basic() {
let cv = malloc(16u as size_t);
set(cv, 3u, 8u8);
set(cv, 4u, 9u8);
assert_eq!(get(cv, 3u), 8u8);
assert_eq!(get(cv, 4u), 9u8);
assert_eq!(len(cv), 16u);
}
#[test]
#[should_fail]
fn test_overrun_get() {
let cv = malloc(16u as size_t);
get(cv, 17u);
}
#[test]
#[should_fail]
fn test_overrun_set() {
let cv = malloc(16u as size_t);
set(cv, 17u, 0u8);
}
#[test]
fn test_and_I_mean_it() {
let cv = malloc(16u as size_t);
let p = unsafe { ptr(cv) };
set(cv, 0u, 32u8);
set(cv, 1u, 33u8);
assert_eq!(unsafe { *p }, 32u8);
set(cv, 2u, 34u8); /* safety */
}
}