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winazurestorage.py
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winazurestorage.py
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#!/usr/bin/env python
# encoding: utf-8
"""
Python wrapper around Windows Azure storage
Sriram Krishnan <sriramk@microsoft.com>
Steve Marx <steve.marx@microsoft.com>
"""
import base64
import hmac
import hashlib
import time
import sys
import os
from xml.dom import minidom #TODO: Use a faster way of processing XML
import re
from urllib2 import Request, urlopen, URLError
from urlparse import urlsplit
from datetime import datetime, timedelta
DEVSTORE_ACCOUNT = "devstoreaccount1"
DEVSTORE_SECRET_KEY = "Eby8vdM02xNOcqFlqUwJPLlmEtlCDXJ1OUzFT50uSRZ6IFsuFq2UVErCz4I6tq/K1SZFPTOtr/KBHBeksoGMGw=="
DEVSTORE_BLOB_HOST = "127.0.0.1:10000"
DEVSTORE_TABLE_HOST = "127.0.0.1:10002"
CLOUD_BLOB_HOST = "blob.core.windows.net"
CLOUD_TABLE_HOST = "table.core.windows.net"
PREFIX_PROPERTIES = "x-ms-prop-"
PREFIX_METADATA = "x-ms-meta-"
PREFIX_STORAGE_HEADER = "x-ms-"
NEW_LINE = "\x0A"
DEBUG = False
TIME_FORMAT ="%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S %Z"
def parse_edm_datetime(input):
d = datetime.strptime(input[:input.find('.')], "%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S")
if input.find('.') != -1:
d += timedelta(0, 0, int(round(float(input[input.index('.'):-1])*1000000)))
return d
def parse_edm_int32(input):
return int(input)
def parse_edm_double(input):
return float(input)
def parse_edm_boolean(input):
return input.lower() == "true"
class SharedKeyCredentials(object):
def __init__(self, account_name, account_key, use_path_style_uris = None):
self._account = account_name
self._key = base64.decodestring(account_key)
def _sign_request_impl(self, request, for_tables = False, use_path_style_uris = None):
(scheme, host, path, query, fragment) = urlsplit(request.get_full_url())
if use_path_style_uris:
path = path[path.index('/'):]
canonicalized_resource = "/" + self._account + path
match = re.search(r'comp=[^&]*', query)
if match is not None:
canonicalized_resource += "?" + match.group(0)
if use_path_style_uris is None:
use_path_style_uris = re.match('^[\d.:]+$', host) is not None
request.add_header(PREFIX_STORAGE_HEADER + 'date', time.strftime("%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S GMT", time.gmtime())) #RFC 1123
canonicalized_headers = NEW_LINE.join(('%s:%s' % (k.lower(), request.get_header(k).strip()) for k in sorted(request.headers.keys(), lambda x,y: cmp(x.lower(), y.lower())) if k.lower().startswith(PREFIX_STORAGE_HEADER)))
string_to_sign = request.get_method().upper() + NEW_LINE # verb
string_to_sign += NEW_LINE # MD5 not required
if request.get_header('Content-type') is not None: # Content-Type
string_to_sign += request.get_header('Content-type')
string_to_sign += NEW_LINE
if for_tables: string_to_sign += request.get_header(PREFIX_STORAGE_HEADER.capitalize() + 'date') + NEW_LINE
else: string_to_sign += NEW_LINE # Date
if not for_tables:
string_to_sign += canonicalized_headers + NEW_LINE # Canonicalized headers
string_to_sign += canonicalized_resource # Canonicalized resource
request.add_header('Authorization', 'SharedKey ' + self._account + ':' + base64.encodestring(hmac.new(self._key, unicode(string_to_sign).encode("utf-8"), hashlib.sha256).digest()).strip())
return request
def sign_request(self, request, use_path_style_uris = None):
return self._sign_request_impl(request, use_path_style_uris)
def sign_table_request(self, request, use_path_style_uris = None):
return self._sign_request_impl(request, for_tables = True, use_path_style_uris = use_path_style_uris)
class RequestWithMethod(Request):
'''Subclass urllib2.Request to add the capability of using methods other than GET and POST.
Thanks to http://benjamin.smedbergs.us/blog/2008-10-21/putting-and-deleteing-in-python-urllib2/'''
def __init__(self, method, *args, **kwargs):
self._method = method
Request.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
def get_method(self):
return self._method
class Table(object):
def __init__(self, url, name):
self.url = url
self.name = name
class Storage(object):
def __init__(self, host, account_name, secret_key, use_path_style_uris):
self._host = host
self._account = account_name
self._key = secret_key
if use_path_style_uris is None:
use_path_style_uris = re.match(r'^[^:]*[\d:]+$', self._host)
self._use_path_style_uris = use_path_style_uris
self._credentials = SharedKeyCredentials(self._account, self._key)
def get_base_url(self):
if self._use_path_style_uris:
return "http://%s/%s" % (self._host, self._account)
else:
return "http://%s.%s" % (self._account, self._host)
class TableEntity(object): pass
class QueueMessage(): pass
class QueueStorage(Storage):
def __init__(self, host, account_name, secret_key, use_path_style_uris = None):
super(QueueStorage, self).__init__(host, account_name, secret_key, use_path_style_uris)
def create_queue(self, name):
req = RequestWithMethod("PUT", "%s/%s" % (self.get_base_url(), name))
req.add_header("Content-Length", "0")
self._credentials.sign_request(req)
try:
response = urlopen(req)
return response.code
except URLError, e:
return e.code
def delete_queue(self, name):
req = RequestWithMethod("DELETE", "%s/%s" % (self.get_base_url(), name))
self._credentials.sign_request(req)
try:
response = urlopen(req)
return response.code
except URLError, e:
return e.code
def put_message(self, queue_name, payload):
data = "<QueueMessage><MessageText>%s</MessageText></QueueMessage>" % base64.encodestring(payload)
req = RequestWithMethod("POST", "%s/%s/messages" % (self.get_base_url(), queue_name), data=data)
req.add_header("Content-Type", "application/xml")
req.add_header("Content-Length", len(data))
self._credentials.sign_request(req)
try:
response = urlopen(req)
return response.code
except URLError, e:
return e.code
def get_message(self, queue_name):
req = Request("%s/%s/messages" % (self.get_base_url(), queue_name))
self._credentials.sign_request(req)
response = urlopen(req)
dom = minidom.parseString(response.read())
messages = dom.getElementsByTagName("QueueMessage")
result = None
if len(messages) == 1:
message = messages[0]
result = QueueMessage()
result.id = message.getElementsByTagName("MessageId")[0].firstChild.data
result.pop_receipt = message.getElementsByTagName("PopReceipt")[0].firstChild.data
result.text = base64.decodestring(message.getElementsByTagName("MessageText")[0].firstChild.data)
return result
def delete_message(self, queue_name, message):
id = message.id
pop_receipt = message.pop_receipt
req = RequestWithMethod("DELETE", "%s/%s/messages/%s?popreceipt=%s" % (self.get_base_url(), queue_name, id, pop_receipt))
self._credentials.sign_request(req)
try:
response = urlopen(req)
return response.code
except URLError, e:
return e.code
class TableStorage(Storage):
'''Due to local development storage not supporting SharedKey authentication, this class
will only work against cloud storage.'''
def __init__(self, host, account_name, secret_key, use_path_style_uris = None):
super(TableStorage, self).__init__(host, account_name, secret_key, use_path_style_uris)
def create_table(self, name):
data = """<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="yes"?>
<entry xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/ado/2007/08/dataservices" xmlns:m="http://schemas.microsoft.com/ado/2007/08/dataservices/metadata" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom">
<title />
<updated>%s</updated>
<author>
<name />
</author>
<id />
<content type="application/xml">
<m:properties>
<d:TableName>%s</d:TableName>
</m:properties>
</content>
</entry>""" % (time.strftime("%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S.000Z", time.gmtime()), name)
req = RequestWithMethod("POST", "%s/Tables" % self.get_base_url(), data=data)
req.add_header("Content-Length", "%d" % len(data))
req.add_header("Content-Type", "application/atom+xml")
self._credentials.sign_table_request(req)
try:
response = urlopen(req)
return response.code
except URLError, e:
return e.code
def delete_table(self, name):
req = RequestWithMethod("DELETE", "%s/Tables('%s')" % (self.get_base_url(), name))
self._credentials.sign_table_request(req)
try:
response = urlopen(req)
return response.code
except URLError, e:
return e.code
def list_tables(self):
req = Request("%s/Tables" % self.get_base_url())
self._credentials.sign_table_request(req)
response = urlopen(req)
dom = minidom.parseString(response.read())
entries = dom.getElementsByTagName("entry")
for entry in entries:
table_url = entry.getElementsByTagName("id")[0].firstChild.data
table_name = entry.getElementsByTagName("content")[0].getElementsByTagName("m:properties")[0].getElementsByTagName("d:TableName")[0].firstChild.data
yield Table(table_url, table_name)
dom.unlink()
def get_entity(self, table_name, partition_key, row_key):
dom = minidom.parseString(urlopen(self._credentials.sign_table_request(Request("%s/%s(PartitionKey='%s',RowKey='%s')" % (self.get_base_url(), table_name, partition_key, row_key)))).read())
entity = self._parse_entity(dom.getElementsByTagName("entry")[0])
dom.unlink()
return entity
def _parse_entity(self, entry):
entity = TableEntity()
for property in (p for p in entry.getElementsByTagName("m:properties")[0].childNodes if p.nodeType == minidom.Node.ELEMENT_NODE):
key = property.tagName[2:]
if property.hasAttribute('m:type'):
t = property.getAttribute('m:type')
if t.lower() == 'edm.datetime': value = parse_edm_datetime(property.firstChild.data)
elif t.lower() == 'edm.int32': value = parse_edm_int32(property.firstChild.data)
elif t.lower() == 'edm.boolean': value = parse_edm_boolean(property.firstChild.data)
elif t.lower() == 'edm.double': value = parse_edm_double(property.firstChild.data)
else: raise Exception(t.lower())
else: value = property.firstChild is not None and property.firstChild.data or None
setattr(entity, key, value)
return entity
def get_all(self, table_name):
dom = minidom.parseString(urlopen(self._credentials.sign_table_request(Request("%s/%s" % (self.get_base_url(), table_name)))).read())
entries = dom.getElementsByTagName("entry")
entities = []
for entry in entries:
entities.append(self._parse_entity(entry))
dom.unlink()
return entities
class BlobStorage(Storage):
def __init__(self, host = DEVSTORE_BLOB_HOST, account_name = DEVSTORE_ACCOUNT, secret_key = DEVSTORE_SECRET_KEY, use_path_style_uris = None):
super(BlobStorage, self).__init__(host, account_name, secret_key, use_path_style_uris)
def create_container(self, container_name, is_public = False):
req = RequestWithMethod("PUT", "%s/%s" % (self.get_base_url(), container_name))
req.add_header("Content-Length", "0")
if is_public: req.add_header(PREFIX_PROPERTIES + "publicaccess", "true")
self._credentials.sign_request(req)
try:
response = urlopen(req)
return response.code
except URLError, e:
return e.code
def delete_container(self, container_name):
req = RequestWithMethod("DELETE", "%s/%s" % (self.get_base_url(), container_name))
self._credentials.sign_request(req)
try:
response = urlopen(req)
return response.code
except URLError, e:
return e.code
def list_containers(self):
req = Request("%s/?comp=list" % self.get_base_url())
self._credentials.sign_request(req)
dom = minidom.parseString(urlopen(req).read())
containers = dom.getElementsByTagName("Container")
for container in containers:
container_name = container.getElementsByTagName("Name")[0].firstChild.data
etag = container.getElementsByTagName("Etag")[0].firstChild.data
last_modified = time.strptime(container.getElementsByTagName("LastModified")[0].firstChild.data, TIME_FORMAT)
yield (container_name, etag, last_modified)
dom.unlink() #Docs say to do this to force GC. Ugh.
def list_blobs(self, container_name, blob_prefix=None):
marker = None
while True:
url = "%s/%s?restype=container&comp=list" % (self.get_base_url(), container_name)
if not blob_prefix is None: url += "&%s" % urlencode({"prefix": blob_prefix})
if not marker is None: url += "&marker=%s" % marker
req = Request(url)
self._credentials.sign_request(req)
dom = minidom.parseString(urlopen(req).read())
blobs = dom.getElementsByTagName("Blob")
for blob in blobs:
blob_name = blob.getElementsByTagName("Name")[0].firstChild.data
etag = blob.getElementsByTagName("Etag")[0].firstChild.data
last_modified = time.strptime(blob.getElementsByTagName("LastModified")[0].firstChild.data, TIME_FORMAT)
yield (blob_name, etag, last_modified)
try: marker = dom.getElementsByTagName("NextMarker")[0].firstChild.data
except: marker = None
if marker is None: break
dom.unlink()
def put_blob(self, container_name, blob_name, data, content_type = None):
req = RequestWithMethod("PUT", "%s/%s/%s" % (self.get_base_url(), container_name, blob_name), data=data)
req.add_header("Content-Length", "%d" % len(data))
if content_type is not None: req.add_header("Content-Type", content_type)
self._credentials.sign_request(req)
try:
response = urlopen(req)
return response.code
except URLError, e:
return e.code
def get_blob(self, container_name, blob_name):
req = Request("%s/%s/%s" % (self.get_base_url(), container_name, blob_name))
self._credentials.sign_request(req)
return urlopen(req).read()
def main():
pass
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()