LabelCollection.js

/*global define*/
define([
        '../Core/BoundingRectangle',
        '../Core/Cartesian2',
        '../Core/defaultValue',
        '../Core/defined',
        '../Core/defineProperties',
        '../Core/destroyObject',
        '../Core/DeveloperError',
        '../Core/Matrix4',
        '../Core/writeTextToCanvas',
        './BillboardCollection',
        './BlendOption',
        './HorizontalOrigin',
        './Label',
        './LabelStyle',
        './TextureAtlas',
        './VerticalOrigin'
    ], function(
        BoundingRectangle,
        Cartesian2,
        defaultValue,
        defined,
        defineProperties,
        destroyObject,
        DeveloperError,
        Matrix4,
        writeTextToCanvas,
        BillboardCollection,
        BlendOption,
        HorizontalOrigin,
        Label,
        LabelStyle,
        TextureAtlas,
        VerticalOrigin) {
    'use strict';

    // A glyph represents a single character in a particular label.  It may or may
    // not have a billboard, depending on whether the texture info has an index into
    // the the label collection's texture atlas.  Invisible characters have no texture, and
    // no billboard.  However, it always has a valid dimensions object.
    function Glyph() {
        this.textureInfo = undefined;
        this.dimensions = undefined;
        this.billboard = undefined;
    }

    // GlyphTextureInfo represents a single character, drawn in a particular style,
    // shared and reference counted across all labels.  It may or may not have an
    // index into the label collection's texture atlas, depending on whether the character
    // has both width and height, but it always has a valid dimensions object.
    function GlyphTextureInfo(labelCollection, index, dimensions) {
        this.labelCollection = labelCollection;
        this.index = index;
        this.dimensions = dimensions;
    }

    // Traditionally, leading is %20 of the font size.
    var defaultLineSpacingPercent = 1.2;

    var whitePixelCanvasId = 'ID_WHITE_PIXEL';
    var whitePixelSize = new Cartesian2(4, 4);
    var whitePixelBoundingRegion = new BoundingRectangle(1, 1, 1, 1);

    function addWhitePixelCanvas(textureAtlas, labelCollection) {
        var canvas = document.createElement('canvas');
        canvas.width = whitePixelSize.x;
        canvas.height = whitePixelSize.y;

        var context2D = canvas.getContext('2d');
        context2D.fillStyle = '#fff';
        context2D.fillRect(0, 0, canvas.width, canvas.height);

        textureAtlas.addImage(whitePixelCanvasId, canvas).then(function(index) {
            labelCollection._whitePixelIndex = index;
        });
    }

    // reusable object for calling writeTextToCanvas
    var writeTextToCanvasParameters = {};
    function createGlyphCanvas(character, font, fillColor, outlineColor, outlineWidth, style, verticalOrigin) {
        writeTextToCanvasParameters.font = font;
        writeTextToCanvasParameters.fillColor = fillColor;
        writeTextToCanvasParameters.strokeColor = outlineColor;
        writeTextToCanvasParameters.strokeWidth = outlineWidth;

        if (verticalOrigin === VerticalOrigin.CENTER) {
            writeTextToCanvasParameters.textBaseline = 'middle';
        } else if (verticalOrigin === VerticalOrigin.TOP) {
            writeTextToCanvasParameters.textBaseline = 'top';
        } else {
            // VerticalOrigin.BOTTOM and VerticalOrigin.BASELINE
            writeTextToCanvasParameters.textBaseline = 'bottom';
        }

        writeTextToCanvasParameters.fill = style === LabelStyle.FILL || style === LabelStyle.FILL_AND_OUTLINE;
        writeTextToCanvasParameters.stroke = style === LabelStyle.OUTLINE || style === LabelStyle.FILL_AND_OUTLINE;

        return writeTextToCanvas(character, writeTextToCanvasParameters);
    }

    function unbindGlyph(labelCollection, glyph) {
        glyph.textureInfo = undefined;
        glyph.dimensions = undefined;

        var billboard = glyph.billboard;
        if (defined(billboard)) {
            billboard.show = false;
            billboard.image = undefined;
            labelCollection._spareBillboards.push(billboard);
            glyph.billboard = undefined;
        }
    }

    function addGlyphToTextureAtlas(textureAtlas, id, canvas, glyphTextureInfo) {
        textureAtlas.addImage(id, canvas).then(function(index, id) {
            glyphTextureInfo.index = index;
        });
    }

    function rebindAllGlyphs(labelCollection, label) {
        var text = label._text;
        var textLength = text.length;
        var glyphs = label._glyphs;
        var glyphsLength = glyphs.length;

        var glyph;
        var glyphIndex;
        var textIndex;

        // if we have more glyphs than needed, unbind the extras.
        if (textLength < glyphsLength) {
            for (glyphIndex = textLength; glyphIndex < glyphsLength; ++glyphIndex) {
                unbindGlyph(labelCollection, glyphs[glyphIndex]);
            }
        }

        // presize glyphs to match the new text length
        glyphs.length = textLength;

        var showBackground = label._showBackground && (text.split('\n').join('').length > 0);
        var backgroundBillboard = label._backgroundBillboard;
        var backgroundBillboardCollection = labelCollection._backgroundBillboardCollection;
        if (!showBackground) {
            if (defined(backgroundBillboard)) {
                backgroundBillboardCollection.remove(backgroundBillboard);
                label._backgroundBillboard = backgroundBillboard = undefined;
            }
        } else {
            if (!defined(backgroundBillboard)) {
                backgroundBillboard = backgroundBillboardCollection.add({
                    collection : labelCollection,
                    image : whitePixelCanvasId,
                    imageSubRegion : whitePixelBoundingRegion
                });
                label._backgroundBillboard = backgroundBillboard;
            }

            backgroundBillboard.color = label._backgroundColor;
            backgroundBillboard.show = label._show;
            backgroundBillboard.position = label._position;
            backgroundBillboard.eyeOffset = label._eyeOffset;
            backgroundBillboard.pixelOffset = label._pixelOffset;
            backgroundBillboard.horizontalOrigin = HorizontalOrigin.LEFT;
            backgroundBillboard.verticalOrigin = label._verticalOrigin;
            backgroundBillboard.heightReference = label._heightReference;
            backgroundBillboard.scale = label._scale;
            backgroundBillboard.pickPrimitive = label;
            backgroundBillboard.id = label._id;
            backgroundBillboard.translucencyByDistance = label._translucencyByDistance;
            backgroundBillboard.pixelOffsetScaleByDistance = label._pixelOffsetScaleByDistance;
            backgroundBillboard.scaleByDistance = label._scaleByDistance;
            backgroundBillboard.distanceDisplayCondition = label._distanceDisplayCondition;
            backgroundBillboard.disableDepthTestDistance = label._disableDepthTestDistance;
        }

        var glyphTextureCache = labelCollection._glyphTextureCache;

        // walk the text looking for new characters (creating new glyphs for each)
        // or changed characters (rebinding existing glyphs)
        for (textIndex = 0; textIndex < textLength; ++textIndex) {
            var character = text.charAt(textIndex);
            var font = label._font;
            var fillColor = label._fillColor;
            var outlineColor = label._outlineColor;
            var outlineWidth = label._outlineWidth;
            var style = label._style;
            var verticalOrigin = label._verticalOrigin;

            // retrieve glyph dimensions and texture index (if the canvas has area)
            // from the glyph texture cache, or create and add if not present.
            var id = JSON.stringify([
                                     character,
                                     font,
                                     fillColor.toRgba(),
                                     outlineColor.toRgba(),
                                     outlineWidth,
                                     +style,
                                     +verticalOrigin
                                    ]);

            var glyphTextureInfo = glyphTextureCache[id];
            if (!defined(glyphTextureInfo)) {
                var canvas = createGlyphCanvas(character, font, fillColor, outlineColor, outlineWidth, style, verticalOrigin);

                glyphTextureInfo = new GlyphTextureInfo(labelCollection, -1, canvas.dimensions);
                glyphTextureCache[id] = glyphTextureInfo;

                if (canvas.width > 0 && canvas.height > 0) {
                    addGlyphToTextureAtlas(labelCollection._textureAtlas, id, canvas, glyphTextureInfo);
                }
            }

            glyph = glyphs[textIndex];

            if (defined(glyph)) {
                // clean up leftover information from the previous glyph
                if (glyphTextureInfo.index === -1) {
                    // no texture, and therefore no billboard, for this glyph.
                    // so, completely unbind glyph.
                    unbindGlyph(labelCollection, glyph);
                } else {
                    // we have a texture and billboard.  If we had one before, release
                    // our reference to that texture info, but reuse the billboard.
                    if (defined(glyph.textureInfo)) {
                        glyph.textureInfo = undefined;
                    }
                }
            } else {
                // create a glyph object
                glyph = new Glyph();
                glyphs[textIndex] = glyph;
            }

            glyph.textureInfo = glyphTextureInfo;
            glyph.dimensions = glyphTextureInfo.dimensions;

            // if we have a texture, configure the existing billboard, or obtain one
            if (glyphTextureInfo.index !== -1) {
                var billboard = glyph.billboard;
                var spareBillboards = labelCollection._spareBillboards;
                if (!defined(billboard)) {
                    if (spareBillboards.length > 0) {
                        billboard = spareBillboards.pop();
                    } else {
                        billboard = labelCollection._billboardCollection.add({
                            collection : labelCollection
                        });
                    }
                    glyph.billboard = billboard;
                }

                billboard.show = label._show;
                billboard.position = label._position;
                billboard.eyeOffset = label._eyeOffset;
                billboard.pixelOffset = label._pixelOffset;
                billboard.horizontalOrigin = HorizontalOrigin.LEFT;
                billboard.verticalOrigin = label._verticalOrigin;
                billboard.heightReference = label._heightReference;
                billboard.scale = label._scale;
                billboard.pickPrimitive = label;
                billboard.id = label._id;
                billboard.image = id;
                billboard.translucencyByDistance = label._translucencyByDistance;
                billboard.pixelOffsetScaleByDistance = label._pixelOffsetScaleByDistance;
                billboard.scaleByDistance = label._scaleByDistance;
                billboard.distanceDisplayCondition = label._distanceDisplayCondition;
                billboard.disableDepthTestDistance = label._disableDepthTestDistance;
            }
        }

        // changing glyphs will cause the position of the
        // glyphs to change, since different characters have different widths
        label._repositionAllGlyphs = true;
    }

    function calculateWidthOffset(lineWidth, horizontalOrigin, backgroundPadding) {
        if (horizontalOrigin === HorizontalOrigin.CENTER) {
            return -lineWidth / 2;
        } else if (horizontalOrigin === HorizontalOrigin.RIGHT) {
            return -(lineWidth + backgroundPadding.x);
        }
        return backgroundPadding.x;
    }

    // reusable Cartesian2 instances
    var glyphPixelOffset = new Cartesian2();
    var scratchBackgroundPadding = new Cartesian2();

    function repositionAllGlyphs(label, resolutionScale) {
        var glyphs = label._glyphs;
        var text = label._text;
        var glyph;
        var dimensions;
        var lastLineWidth = 0;
        var maxLineWidth = 0;
        var lineWidths = [];
        var maxGlyphDescent = Number.NEGATIVE_INFINITY;
        var maxGlyphY = 0;
        var numberOfLines = 1;
        var glyphIndex = 0;
        var glyphLength = glyphs.length;

        var backgroundBillboard = label._backgroundBillboard;
        var backgroundPadding = scratchBackgroundPadding;
        Cartesian2.clone(
            (defined(backgroundBillboard) ? label._backgroundPadding : Cartesian2.ZERO),
            backgroundPadding);

        for (glyphIndex = 0; glyphIndex < glyphLength; ++glyphIndex) {
            if (text.charAt(glyphIndex) === '\n') {
                lineWidths.push(lastLineWidth);
                ++numberOfLines;
                lastLineWidth = 0;
            } else {
                glyph = glyphs[glyphIndex];
                dimensions = glyph.dimensions;
                maxGlyphY = Math.max(maxGlyphY, dimensions.height - dimensions.descent);
                maxGlyphDescent = Math.max(maxGlyphDescent, dimensions.descent);

                //Computing the line width must also account for the kerning that occurs between letters.
                lastLineWidth += dimensions.width - dimensions.bounds.minx;
                if (glyphIndex < glyphLength - 1) {
                    lastLineWidth += glyphs[glyphIndex + 1].dimensions.bounds.minx;
                }
                maxLineWidth = Math.max(maxLineWidth, lastLineWidth);
            }
        }
        lineWidths.push(lastLineWidth);
        var maxLineHeight = maxGlyphY + maxGlyphDescent;

        var scale = label._scale;
        var horizontalOrigin = label._horizontalOrigin;
        var verticalOrigin = label._verticalOrigin;
        var lineIndex = 0;
        var lineWidth = lineWidths[lineIndex];
        var widthOffset = calculateWidthOffset(lineWidth, horizontalOrigin, backgroundPadding);
        var lineSpacing = defaultLineSpacingPercent * maxLineHeight;
        var otherLinesHeight = lineSpacing * (numberOfLines - 1);

        glyphPixelOffset.x = widthOffset * scale * resolutionScale;
        glyphPixelOffset.y = 0;

        var lineOffsetY = 0;
        for (glyphIndex = 0; glyphIndex < glyphLength; ++glyphIndex) {
            if (text.charAt(glyphIndex) === '\n') {
                ++lineIndex;
                lineOffsetY += lineSpacing;
                lineWidth = lineWidths[lineIndex];
                widthOffset = calculateWidthOffset(lineWidth, horizontalOrigin, backgroundPadding);
                glyphPixelOffset.x = widthOffset * scale * resolutionScale;
            } else {
                glyph = glyphs[glyphIndex];
                dimensions = glyph.dimensions;

                if (verticalOrigin === VerticalOrigin.TOP) {
                    glyphPixelOffset.y = dimensions.height - maxGlyphY - backgroundPadding.y;
                } else if (verticalOrigin === VerticalOrigin.CENTER) {
                    glyphPixelOffset.y = (otherLinesHeight + dimensions.height - maxGlyphY) / 2;
                } else if (verticalOrigin === VerticalOrigin.BASELINE) {
                    glyphPixelOffset.y = otherLinesHeight;
                } else {
                    // VerticalOrigin.BOTTOM
                    glyphPixelOffset.y = otherLinesHeight + maxGlyphDescent + backgroundPadding.y;
                }
                glyphPixelOffset.y = (glyphPixelOffset.y - dimensions.descent - lineOffsetY) * scale * resolutionScale;

                if (defined(glyph.billboard)) {
                    glyph.billboard._setTranslate(glyphPixelOffset);
                }

                //Compute the next x offset taking into acocunt the kerning performed
                //on both the current letter as well as the next letter to be drawn
                //as well as any applied scale.
                if (glyphIndex < glyphLength - 1) {
                    var nextGlyph = glyphs[glyphIndex + 1];
                    glyphPixelOffset.x += ((dimensions.width - dimensions.bounds.minx) + nextGlyph.dimensions.bounds.minx) * scale * resolutionScale;
                }
            }
        }

        if (defined(backgroundBillboard) && (text.split('\n').join('').length > 0)) {
            if (horizontalOrigin === HorizontalOrigin.CENTER) {
                widthOffset = -maxLineWidth / 2 - backgroundPadding.x;
            } else if (horizontalOrigin === HorizontalOrigin.RIGHT) {
                widthOffset = -(maxLineWidth + backgroundPadding.x * 2);
            } else {
                widthOffset = 0;
            }
            glyphPixelOffset.x = widthOffset * scale * resolutionScale;

            if (verticalOrigin === VerticalOrigin.TOP) {
                glyphPixelOffset.y = maxLineHeight - maxGlyphY - maxGlyphDescent;
            } else if (verticalOrigin === VerticalOrigin.CENTER) {
                glyphPixelOffset.y = (maxLineHeight - maxGlyphY) / 2 - maxGlyphDescent;
            } else if (verticalOrigin === VerticalOrigin.BASELINE) {
                glyphPixelOffset.y = -backgroundPadding.y - maxGlyphDescent;
            } else {
                // VerticalOrigin.BOTTOM
                glyphPixelOffset.y = 0;
            }
            glyphPixelOffset.y = glyphPixelOffset.y * scale * resolutionScale;

            backgroundBillboard.width = maxLineWidth + (backgroundPadding.x * 2);
            backgroundBillboard.height = maxLineHeight + otherLinesHeight + (backgroundPadding.y * 2);
            backgroundBillboard._setTranslate(glyphPixelOffset);
        }
    }

    function destroyLabel(labelCollection, label) {
        var glyphs = label._glyphs;
        for (var i = 0, len = glyphs.length; i < len; ++i) {
            unbindGlyph(labelCollection, glyphs[i]);
        }
        if (defined(label._backgroundBillboard)) {
            labelCollection._backgroundBillboardCollection.remove(label._backgroundBillboard);
            label._backgroundBillboard = undefined;
        }
        label._labelCollection = undefined;

        if (defined(label._removeCallbackFunc)) {
            label._removeCallbackFunc();
        }

        destroyObject(label);
    }

    /**
     * A renderable collection of labels.  Labels are viewport-aligned text positioned in the 3D scene.
     * Each label can have a different font, color, scale, etc.
     * <br /><br />
     * <div align='center'>
     * <img src='images/Label.png' width='400' height='300' /><br />
     * Example labels
     * </div>
     * <br /><br />
     * Labels are added and removed from the collection using {@link LabelCollection#add}
     * and {@link LabelCollection#remove}.
     *
     * @alias LabelCollection
     * @constructor
     *
     * @param {Object} [options] Object with the following properties:
     * @param {Matrix4} [options.modelMatrix=Matrix4.IDENTITY] The 4x4 transformation matrix that transforms each label from model to world coordinates.
     * @param {Boolean} [options.debugShowBoundingVolume=false] For debugging only. Determines if this primitive's commands' bounding spheres are shown.
     * @param {Scene} [options.scene] Must be passed in for labels that use the height reference property or will be depth tested against the globe.
     * @param {BlendOption} [options.blendOption=BlendOption.OPAQUE_AND_TRANSLUCENT] The label blending option. The default
     * is used for rendering both opaque and translucent labels. However, if either all of the labels are completely opaque or all are completely translucent,
     * setting the technique to BillboardRenderTechnique.OPAQUE or BillboardRenderTechnique.TRANSLUCENT can improve performance by up to 2x.
     *
     * @performance For best performance, prefer a few collections, each with many labels, to
     * many collections with only a few labels each.  Avoid having collections where some
     * labels change every frame and others do not; instead, create one or more collections
     * for static labels, and one or more collections for dynamic labels.
     *
     * @see LabelCollection#add
     * @see LabelCollection#remove
     * @see Label
     * @see BillboardCollection
     *
     * @demo {@link http://cesiumjs.org/Cesium/Apps/Sandcastle/index.html?src=Labels.html|Cesium Sandcastle Labels Demo}
     *
     * @example
     * // Create a label collection with two labels
     * var labels = scene.primitives.add(new Cesium.LabelCollection());
     * labels.add({
     *   position : new Cesium.Cartesian3(1.0, 2.0, 3.0),
     *   text : 'A label'
     * });
     * labels.add({
     *   position : new Cesium.Cartesian3(4.0, 5.0, 6.0),
     *   text : 'Another label'
     * });
     */
    function LabelCollection(options) {
        options = defaultValue(options, defaultValue.EMPTY_OBJECT);

        this._scene = options.scene;

        this._textureAtlas = undefined;
        this._backgroundTextureAtlas = undefined;
        this._whitePixelIndex = undefined;

        this._backgroundBillboardCollection = new BillboardCollection({
            scene : this._scene
        });
        this._backgroundBillboardCollection.destroyTextureAtlas = false;

        this._billboardCollection = new BillboardCollection({
            scene : this._scene
        });
        this._billboardCollection.destroyTextureAtlas = false;

        this._spareBillboards = [];
        this._glyphTextureCache = {};
        this._labels = [];
        this._labelsToUpdate = [];
        this._totalGlyphCount = 0;
        this._resolutionScale = undefined;

        /**
         * The 4x4 transformation matrix that transforms each label in this collection from model to world coordinates.
         * When this is the identity matrix, the labels are drawn in world coordinates, i.e., Earth's WGS84 coordinates.
         * Local reference frames can be used by providing a different transformation matrix, like that returned
         * by {@link Transforms.eastNorthUpToFixedFrame}.
         *
         * @type Matrix4
         * @default {@link Matrix4.IDENTITY}
         *
         * @example
         * var center = Cesium.Cartesian3.fromDegrees(-75.59777, 40.03883);
         * labels.modelMatrix = Cesium.Transforms.eastNorthUpToFixedFrame(center);
         * labels.add({
         *   position : new Cesium.Cartesian3(0.0, 0.0, 0.0),
         *   text     : 'Center'
         * });
         * labels.add({
         *   position : new Cesium.Cartesian3(1000000.0, 0.0, 0.0),
         *   text     : 'East'
         * });
         * labels.add({
         *   position : new Cesium.Cartesian3(0.0, 1000000.0, 0.0),
         *   text     : 'North'
         * });
         * labels.add({
         *   position : new Cesium.Cartesian3(0.0, 0.0, 1000000.0),
         *   text     : 'Up'
         * });
         */
        this.modelMatrix = Matrix4.clone(defaultValue(options.modelMatrix, Matrix4.IDENTITY));

        /**
         * This property is for debugging only; it is not for production use nor is it optimized.
         * <p>
         * Draws the bounding sphere for each draw command in the primitive.
         * </p>
         *
         * @type {Boolean}
         *
         * @default false
         */
        this.debugShowBoundingVolume = defaultValue(options.debugShowBoundingVolume, false);

        /**
         * The label blending option. The default is used for rendering both opaque and translucent labels.
         * However, if either all of the labels are completely opaque or all are completely translucent,
         * setting the technique to BillboardRenderTechnique.OPAQUE or BillboardRenderTechnique.TRANSLUCENT can improve
         * performance by up to 2x.
         * @type {BlendOption}
         * @default BlendOption.OPAQUE_AND_TRANSLUCENT
         */
        this.blendOption = defaultValue(options.blendOption, BlendOption.OPAQUE_AND_TRANSLUCENT);
    }

    defineProperties(LabelCollection.prototype, {
        /**
         * Returns the number of labels in this collection.  This is commonly used with
         * {@link LabelCollection#get} to iterate over all the labels
         * in the collection.
         * @memberof LabelCollection.prototype
         * @type {Number}
         */
        length : {
            get : function() {
                return this._labels.length;
            }
        }
    });

    /**
     * Creates and adds a label with the specified initial properties to the collection.
     * The added label is returned so it can be modified or removed from the collection later.
     *
     * @param {Object}[options] A template describing the label's properties as shown in Example 1.
     * @returns {Label} The label that was added to the collection.
     *
     * @performance Calling <code>add</code> is expected constant time.  However, the collection's vertex buffer
     * is rewritten; this operations is <code>O(n)</code> and also incurs
     * CPU to GPU overhead.  For best performance, add as many billboards as possible before
     * calling <code>update</code>.
     *
     * @exception {DeveloperError} This object was destroyed, i.e., destroy() was called.
     *
     *
     * @example
     * // Example 1:  Add a label, specifying all the default values.
     * var l = labels.add({
     *   show : true,
     *   position : Cesium.Cartesian3.ZERO,
     *   text : '',
     *   font : '30px sans-serif',
     *   fillColor : Cesium.Color.WHITE,
     *   outlineColor : Cesium.Color.BLACK,
     *   outlineWidth : 1.0,
     *   showBackground : false,
     *   backgroundColor : new Cesium.Color(0.165, 0.165, 0.165, 0.8),
     *   backgroundPadding : new Cesium.Cartesian2(7, 5),
     *   style : Cesium.LabelStyle.FILL,
     *   pixelOffset : Cesium.Cartesian2.ZERO,
     *   eyeOffset : Cesium.Cartesian3.ZERO,
     *   horizontalOrigin : Cesium.HorizontalOrigin.LEFT,
     *   verticalOrigin : Cesium.VerticalOrigin.BASELINE,
     *   scale : 1.0,
     *   translucencyByDistance : undefined,
     *   pixelOffsetScaleByDistance : undefined,
     *   heightReference : HeightReference.NONE,
     *   distanceDisplayCondition : undefined
     * });
     *
     * @example
     * // Example 2:  Specify only the label's cartographic position,
     * // text, and font.
     * var l = labels.add({
     *   position : Cesium.Cartesian3.fromRadians(longitude, latitude, height),
     *   text : 'Hello World',
     *   font : '24px Helvetica',
     * });
     *
     * @see LabelCollection#remove
     * @see LabelCollection#removeAll
     */
    LabelCollection.prototype.add = function(options) {
        var label = new Label(options, this);

        this._labels.push(label);
        this._labelsToUpdate.push(label);

        return label;
    };

    /**
     * Removes a label from the collection.  Once removed, a label is no longer usable.
     *
     * @param {Label} label The label to remove.
     * @returns {Boolean} <code>true</code> if the label was removed; <code>false</code> if the label was not found in the collection.
     *
     * @performance Calling <code>remove</code> is expected constant time.  However, the collection's vertex buffer
     * is rewritten - an <code>O(n)</code> operation that also incurs CPU to GPU overhead.  For
     * best performance, remove as many labels as possible before calling <code>update</code>.
     * If you intend to temporarily hide a label, it is usually more efficient to call
     * {@link Label#show} instead of removing and re-adding the label.
     *
     * @exception {DeveloperError} This object was destroyed, i.e., destroy() was called.
     *
     *
     * @example
     * var l = labels.add(...);
     * labels.remove(l);  // Returns true
     *
     * @see LabelCollection#add
     * @see LabelCollection#removeAll
     * @see Label#show
     */
    LabelCollection.prototype.remove = function(label) {
        if (defined(label) && label._labelCollection === this) {
            var index = this._labels.indexOf(label);
            if (index !== -1) {
                this._labels.splice(index, 1);
                destroyLabel(this, label);
                return true;
            }
        }
        return false;
    };

    /**
     * Removes all labels from the collection.
     *
     * @performance <code>O(n)</code>.  It is more efficient to remove all the labels
     * from a collection and then add new ones than to create a new collection entirely.
     *
     * @exception {DeveloperError} This object was destroyed, i.e., destroy() was called.
     *
     *
     * @example
     * labels.add(...);
     * labels.add(...);
     * labels.removeAll();
     *
     * @see LabelCollection#add
     * @see LabelCollection#remove
     */
    LabelCollection.prototype.removeAll = function() {
        var labels = this._labels;

        for (var i = 0, len = labels.length; i < len; ++i) {
            destroyLabel(this, labels[i]);
        }

        labels.length = 0;
    };

    /**
     * Check whether this collection contains a given label.
     *
     * @param {Label} label The label to check for.
     * @returns {Boolean} true if this collection contains the label, false otherwise.
     *
     * @see LabelCollection#get
     */
    LabelCollection.prototype.contains = function(label) {
        return defined(label) && label._labelCollection === this;
    };

    /**
     * Returns the label in the collection at the specified index.  Indices are zero-based
     * and increase as labels are added.  Removing a label shifts all labels after
     * it to the left, changing their indices.  This function is commonly used with
     * {@link LabelCollection#length} to iterate over all the labels
     * in the collection.
     *
     * @param {Number} index The zero-based index of the billboard.
     *
     * @returns {Label} The label at the specified index.
     *
     * @performance Expected constant time.  If labels were removed from the collection and
     * {@link Scene#render} was not called, an implicit <code>O(n)</code>
     * operation is performed.
     *
     * @exception {DeveloperError} This object was destroyed, i.e., destroy() was called.
     *
     *
     * @example
     * // Toggle the show property of every label in the collection
     * var len = labels.length;
     * for (var i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
     *   var l = billboards.get(i);
     *   l.show = !l.show;
     * }
     *
     * @see LabelCollection#length
     */
    LabelCollection.prototype.get = function(index) {
        //>>includeStart('debug', pragmas.debug);
        if (!defined(index)) {
            throw new DeveloperError('index is required.');
        }
        //>>includeEnd('debug');

        return this._labels[index];
    };

    /**
     * @private
     */
    LabelCollection.prototype.update = function(frameState) {
        var billboardCollection = this._billboardCollection;
        var backgroundBillboardCollection = this._backgroundBillboardCollection;

        billboardCollection.modelMatrix = this.modelMatrix;
        billboardCollection.debugShowBoundingVolume = this.debugShowBoundingVolume;
        backgroundBillboardCollection.modelMatrix = this.modelMatrix;
        backgroundBillboardCollection.debugShowBoundingVolume = this.debugShowBoundingVolume;

        var context = frameState.context;

        if (!defined(this._textureAtlas)) {
            this._textureAtlas = new TextureAtlas({
                context : context
            });
            billboardCollection.textureAtlas = this._textureAtlas;
        }

        if (!defined(this._backgroundTextureAtlas)) {
            this._backgroundTextureAtlas = new TextureAtlas({
                context : context,
                initialSize : whitePixelSize
            });
            backgroundBillboardCollection.textureAtlas = this._backgroundTextureAtlas;
            addWhitePixelCanvas(this._backgroundTextureAtlas, this);
        }

        var uniformState = context.uniformState;
        var resolutionScale = uniformState.resolutionScale;
        var resolutionChanged = this._resolutionScale !== resolutionScale;
        this._resolutionScale = resolutionScale;

        var labelsToUpdate;
        if (resolutionChanged) {
            labelsToUpdate = this._labels;
        } else {
            labelsToUpdate = this._labelsToUpdate;
        }

        var len = labelsToUpdate.length;
        for (var i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
            var label = labelsToUpdate[i];
            if (label.isDestroyed()) {
                continue;
            }

            var preUpdateGlyphCount = label._glyphs.length;

            if (label._rebindAllGlyphs) {
                rebindAllGlyphs(this, label);
                label._rebindAllGlyphs = false;
            }

            if (resolutionChanged || label._repositionAllGlyphs) {
                repositionAllGlyphs(label, resolutionScale);
                label._repositionAllGlyphs = false;
            }

            var glyphCountDifference = label._glyphs.length - preUpdateGlyphCount;
            this._totalGlyphCount += glyphCountDifference;
        }

        var blendOption = backgroundBillboardCollection.length > 0 ? BlendOption.TRANSLUCENT : this.blendOption;
        billboardCollection.blendOption = blendOption;
        backgroundBillboardCollection.blendOption = blendOption;

        this._labelsToUpdate.length = 0;
        backgroundBillboardCollection.update(frameState);
        billboardCollection.update(frameState);
    };

    /**
     * Returns true if this object was destroyed; otherwise, false.
     * <br /><br />
     * If this object was destroyed, it should not be used; calling any function other than
     * <code>isDestroyed</code> will result in a {@link DeveloperError} exception.
     *
     * @returns {Boolean} True if this object was destroyed; otherwise, false.
     *
     * @see LabelCollection#destroy
     */
    LabelCollection.prototype.isDestroyed = function() {
        return false;
    };

    /**
     * Destroys the WebGL resources held by this object.  Destroying an object allows for deterministic
     * release of WebGL resources, instead of relying on the garbage collector to destroy this object.
     * <br /><br />
     * Once an object is destroyed, it should not be used; calling any function other than
     * <code>isDestroyed</code> will result in a {@link DeveloperError} exception.  Therefore,
     * assign the return value (<code>undefined</code>) to the object as done in the example.
     *
     * @returns {undefined}
     *
     * @exception {DeveloperError} This object was destroyed, i.e., destroy() was called.
     *
     *
     * @example
     * labels = labels && labels.destroy();
     *
     * @see LabelCollection#isDestroyed
     */
    LabelCollection.prototype.destroy = function() {
        this.removeAll();
        this._billboardCollection = this._billboardCollection.destroy();
        this._textureAtlas = this._textureAtlas && this._textureAtlas.destroy();
        this._backgroundBillboardCollection = this._backgroundBillboardCollection.destroy();
        this._backgroundTextureAtlas = this._backgroundTextureAtlas && this._backgroundTextureAtlas.destroy();

        return destroyObject(this);
    };

    return LabelCollection;
});