zapi.go

// Copyright (C) 2014, 2015 Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation.
//
// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
// You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
//    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or
// implied.
// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
// limitations under the License.

package zebra

import (
	"encoding/binary"
	"errors"
	"fmt"
	"github.com/osrg/gobgp/pkg/packet/bgp"
	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
	"io"
	"math"
	"net"
	"strings"
	"syscall"
)

const (
	// MinZapiVer is minimum zebra api version which is referred in zclient
	MinZapiVer uint8 = 2
	// MaxZapiVer is maximum zebra api version which is referredd in zclient
	MaxZapiVer uint8 = 6
	// DefaultVrf is default vrf id is referredd in zclient and server
	DefaultVrf = 0
)

const (
	headerMarker      uint8 = 255
	frrHeaderMarker   uint8 = 254
	interfaceNameSize       = 20
	maxPathNum              = 64
	maxMplsLabel            = 16
)

// Internal Interface Status.
type interfaceStatus uint8

const (
	interfaceActive        interfaceStatus = 0x01
	interfaceSub           interfaceStatus = 0x02
	interfaceLinkDetection interfaceStatus = 0x04
	interfaceVrfLoopback   interfaceStatus = 0x08
)

// Interface Link Layer Types.
//go:generate stringer -type=linkType
type linkType uint32

const (
	linkTypeUnknown linkType = iota
	linkTypeEther
	linkTypeEEther
	linkTypeAX25
	linkTypePRONET
	linkTypeIeee802
	linkTypeARCNET
	linkTypeAPPLETLK
	linkTypeDLCI
	linkTypeATM
	linkTypeMetricOM
	linkTypeIeee1394
	linkTypeEUI64
	linkTypeINFINIBAND
	linkTypeSLIP
	linkTypeCSLIP
	linkTypeSLIP6
	linkTypeCSLIP6
	linkTypeRSRVD
	linkTypeADAPT
	linkTypeROSE
	linkTypeX25
	linkTypePPP
	linkTypeCHDLC
	linkTypeLAPB
	linkTypeRAWHDLC
	linkTypeIPIP
	linkTypeIPIP6
	linkTypeFRAD
	linkTypeSKIP
	linkTypeLOOPBACK
	linkTypeLOCALTLK
	linkTypeFDDI
	linkTypeSIT
	linkTypeIPDDP
	linkTypeIPGRE
	linkTypeIP6GRE
	linkTypePIMREG
	linkTypeHIPPI
	linkTypeECONET
	linkTypeIRDA
	linkTypeFCPP
	linkTypeFCAL
	linkTypeFCPL
	linkTypeFCFABRIC
	linkTypeIeee802Tr
	linkTypeIeee80211
	linkTypeIeee80211RadioTap
	linkTypeIeee802154
	linkTypeIeee802154Phy
)

const softwareNameMinimumVersion uint8 = 5

var allowableSoftwareNameArrays = [][]string{
	{"frr4", "cumulus"},                  //version:5
	{"frr7.3", "frr7.2", "frr7", "frr6"}, //version:6
}

// IsAllowableSoftwareName returns bool from version number and softwareName
func IsAllowableSoftwareName(version uint8, softwareName string) bool {
	if softwareName == "" {
		return true
	} else if version < softwareNameMinimumVersion { //version is less than 5
		return false
	}
	for i, allowableSoftwareNames := range allowableSoftwareNameArrays {
		if version != uint8(i)+softwareNameMinimumVersion {
			continue
		}
		for _, allowableSoftwareName := range allowableSoftwareNames {
			if softwareName == allowableSoftwareName {
				return true
			}
		}
	}
	return false
}

// HeaderSize returns suitable header size from version
func HeaderSize(version uint8) uint16 {
	switch version {
	case 3, 4:
		return 8
	case 5, 6:
		return 10
	}
	return 6 // version == 2
}

// HeaderMarker returns suitable header marker from version
func HeaderMarker(version uint8) uint8 {
	if version > 3 {
		return frrHeaderMarker
	}
	return headerMarker
}

func (t interfaceStatus) String() string {
	ss := make([]string, 0, 3)
	if t&interfaceActive > 0 {
		ss = append(ss, "Active")
	}
	if t&interfaceSub > 0 {
		ss = append(ss, "Sub")
	}
	if t&interfaceLinkDetection > 0 {
		ss = append(ss, "LinkDetection")
	}
	if t&interfaceVrfLoopback > 0 {
		ss = append(ss, "VrfLoopback")
	}
	return strings.Join(ss, "|")
}

// Interface Connected Address Flags
type interfaceAddressFlag uint8

const (
	interfaceAddressSecondary  interfaceAddressFlag = 0x01
	interfaceAddressPeer       interfaceAddressFlag = 0x02
	interfaceAddressUnnumbered interfaceAddressFlag = 0x04
)

func (t interfaceAddressFlag) String() string {
	ss := make([]string, 0, 3)
	if t&interfaceAddressSecondary > 0 {
		ss = append(ss, "SECONDARY")
	}
	if t&interfaceAddressPeer > 0 {
		ss = append(ss, "PEER")
	}
	if t&interfaceAddressUnnumbered > 0 {
		ss = append(ss, "UNNUMBERED")
	}
	return strings.Join(ss, "|")
}

// Address Family IDentifier.
//go:generate stringer -type=afi
type afi uint8

const (
	afiIP    afi = 1
	afiIP6   afi = 2
	afiEther afi = 3
	afiMax   afi = 4
)

// Safi is Subsequent Address Family IDentifier.
//go:generate stringer -type=Safi
type Safi uint8

// Safi definition in Zebra of FRRouting 4.x, 5.x, 6.x, and 7.x
const (
	safiUnspec Safi = iota // add in FRRouting version 7.2 (Zapi 6)
	SafiUnicast
	safiMulticast
	safiMplsVpn
	safiEncap
	safiEvpn
	safiLabeledUnicast
	safiFlowspec // add in FRRouting version 5 (Zapi 5)
	safiMax
)

// Safi definition in Zebra of Quagga and FRRouting 3.x
const (
	zapi4SafiMplsVpn Safi = iota + safiMulticast + 1 // SafiRESERVED_3 in quagga
	zapi3SafiMplsVpn                                 // SafiRESERVED_4 in FRRouting 3.x
	zapi4SafiEncap
	zapi4SafiEvpn
	zapi3SafiEncap // SafiMax in FRRouting 3.x
)

var zapi3SafiMap = map[Safi]Safi{
	zapi3SafiMplsVpn: safiMplsVpn,
	zapi3SafiEncap:   safiEncap,
}
var zapi4SafiMap = map[Safi]Safi{
	zapi4SafiMplsVpn: safiMplsVpn,
	zapi4SafiEncap:   safiEncap,
	zapi4SafiEvpn:    safiEvpn,
}
var safiRouteFamilyIPv4Map = map[Safi]bgp.RouteFamily{
	safiUnspec:         bgp.RF_OPAQUE,
	SafiUnicast:        bgp.RF_IPv4_UC,
	safiMulticast:      bgp.RF_IPv4_MC,
	safiMplsVpn:        bgp.RF_IPv4_VPN,
	safiEncap:          bgp.RF_IPv4_ENCAP,
	safiLabeledUnicast: bgp.RF_IPv4_MPLS,
	safiFlowspec:       bgp.RF_FS_IPv4_UC,
}
var safiRouteFamilyIPv6Map = map[Safi]bgp.RouteFamily{
	safiUnspec:         bgp.RF_OPAQUE,
	SafiUnicast:        bgp.RF_IPv6_UC,
	safiMulticast:      bgp.RF_IPv6_MC,
	safiMplsVpn:        bgp.RF_IPv6_VPN,
	safiEncap:          bgp.RF_IPv6_ENCAP,
	safiLabeledUnicast: bgp.RF_IPv6_MPLS,
	safiFlowspec:       bgp.RF_FS_IPv6_UC,
}

// APIType is referred in zclient_test.
//go:generate stringer -type=APIType
type APIType uint16

// For FRRouting version 7.3 (ZAPI version 6)
const (
	interfaceAdd           APIType = iota // 0 // same ID in frr3, 4, 5, 6, 7.0, 7.1. 7.2. 7.3
	interfaceDelete                       // same ID in frr3, 4, 5, 6, 7.0, 7.1. 7.2. 7.3
	interfaceAddressAdd                   // same ID in frr3, 4, 5, 6, 7.0, 7.1. 7.2. 7.3
	interfaceAddressDelete                // same ID in frr3, 4, 5, 6, 7.0, 7.1. 7.2. 7.3
	interfaceUp                           // same ID in frr3, 4, 5, 6, 7.0, 7.1. 7.2. 7.3
	interfaceDown                         // same ID in frr3, 4, 5, 6, 7.0, 7.1. 7.2. 7.3
	_interfaceSetMaster
	_interfaceSetProtoDown // Add in frr 7.2
	RouteAdd               // RouteAdd is referred in zclient_test
	RouteDelete            // RouteDelete is referred in zclient_test
	_routeNotifyOwner      // 10
	redistributeAdd
	_redistributeDelete
	_redistributeDefaultAdd
	_redistributeDefaultDelete
	routerIDAdd
	_routerIDDelete
	routerIDUpdate
	hello
	_capabilities   // add in frr5
	nexthopRegister // 20
	nexthopUnregister
	nexthopUpdate
	_interfaceNBRAddressAdd
	_interfaceNBRAddressDelete
	_interfaceBFDDestUpdate
	_importRouteRegister
	_importRouteUnregister
	_importCheckUpdate
	_bfdDestRegister
	_bfdDestDeregister // 30
	_bfdDestUpdate
	_bfdDestReplay
	redistributeRouteAdd
	redistributeRouteDel
	_vrfUnregister
	_vrfAdd
	_vrfDelete
	vrfLabel // add in frr5
	_interfaceVRFUpdate
	_bfdClientRegister // 40
	_bfdClientDeregister
	_interfaceEnableRADV
	_interfaceDisableRADV
	ipv4NexthopLookupMRIB
	_interfaceLinkParams
	_mplsLabelsAdd
	_mplsLabelsDelete
	_mplsLabelsReplace    // add in frr7.3
	_srPolicySet          // add in frr7.5
	_srPolicyDelete       // 50  // add in frr7.5
	_srPolicyNotifyStatus // add in frr7.5
	_ipmrRouteStats
	labelManagerConnect      // 53
	labelManagerConnectAsync // add in frr5
	getLabelChunk
	releaseLabelChunk
	_fecRegister
	_fecUnregister
	_fecUpdate
	_advertiseDefaultGW // 60
	_advertiseSviMACIP  // add in frr7.1
	_advertiseSubnet
	_advertiseAllVNI // 63
	_localESAdd
	_localESDel      // 65
	_remoteESVTEPAdd // add in frr7.5
	_remoteESVTEPDel // add in frr7.5
	_localESEVIAdd   // add in frr7.5
	_localESEVIDel   // add in frr7.5
	_vniAdd          // 70
	_vniDel
	_l3VNIAdd
	_l3VNIDel
	_remoteVTEPAdd
	_remoteVTEPDel
	_macIPAdd
	_macIPDel // 77
	_ipPrefixRouteAdd
	_ipPrefixRouteDel
	_remoteMACIPAdd // 80
	_remoteMACIPDel
	_duplicateAddrDetection
	_pwAdd
	_pwDelete
	_pwSet
	_pwUnset
	_pwStatusUpdate // 87
	_ruleAdd
	_ruleDelete
	_ruleNotifyOwner // 90
	_tableManagerConnect
	_getTableChunk
	_releaseTableChunk
	_ipSetCreate
	_ipSetDestroy
	_ipSetEntryAdd
	_ipSetEntryDelete // 97
	_ipSetNotifyOwner
	_ipSetEntryNotifyOwner
	_ipTableAdd // 100
	_ipTableDelete
	_ipTableNotifyOwner
	_vxlanFloodControl
	_vxlanSgAdd
	_vxlanSgDel
	_vxlanSgReplay
	_mlagProcessUp        // 107  // add in frr7.3
	_mlagProcessDown      // add in frr7.3
	_mlagClientRegister   // add in frr7.3
	_mlagClientUnregister // 110 // add in frr7.3
	_mlagClientForwardMsg // add in frr7.3
	zebraError            // add in frr7.3
	_clientCapabilities   // add in frr7.4
	_opaqueMessage        // add in frr7.5
	_opaqueRegister       // add in frr7.5
	_opaqueUnregister     // add in frr7.5
	_neighDiscover        // 117 // add in frr7.5
	// BackwardIPv6RouteAdd is referred in zclient_test
	BackwardIPv6RouteAdd // quagga, frr3, frr4, frr5
	// BackwardIPv6RouteDelete is referred in zclient_test
	BackwardIPv6RouteDelete // quagga, frr3, frr4, frr5
)
const (
	zapi6Frr7dot3MinDifferentAPIType APIType = 49 //frr7.3(zapi6)
	zapi6Frr7dot2MinDifferentAPIType APIType = 48 //frr7.2(zapi6)
	zapi5ClMinDifferentAPIType       APIType = 19 //cumuluslinux3.7.7, zebra4.0+cl3u13(zapi5)
	zapi5MinDifferentAPIType         APIType = 7  //frr4&5(zapi5), frr6&7.0&7.1(zapi6)
	zapi4MinDifferentAPIType         APIType = 6
	zapi3MinDifferentAPIType         APIType = 0
)

func minDifferentAPIType(version uint8, softwareName string) APIType {
	if version < 4 {
		return zapi3MinDifferentAPIType
	} else if version == 4 {
		return zapi4MinDifferentAPIType
	} else if version == 5 && softwareName == "cumulus" {
		return zapi5ClMinDifferentAPIType
	} else if version == 5 ||
		(version == 6 && (softwareName == "frr6" || softwareName == "frr7")) {
		return zapi5MinDifferentAPIType
	} else if version == 6 && softwareName == "frr7.2" {
		return zapi6Frr7dot2MinDifferentAPIType
	}
	return zapi6Frr7dot3MinDifferentAPIType
}

const (
	zapi6Frr7dot3LabelManagerConnect      APIType = 50 // difference from frr7.5
	zapi6Frr7dot3LabelManagerConnectAsync APIType = 51 // difference from frr7.5
	zapi6Frr7dot3GetLabelChunk            APIType = 52 // difference from frr7.5
	zapi6Frr7dot3ReleaseLabelChunk        APIType = 53 // difference from frr7.5
)

var apiTypeZapi6Frr7dot3Map = map[APIType]APIType{
	labelManagerConnect:      zapi6Frr7dot3LabelManagerConnect,
	labelManagerConnectAsync: zapi6Frr7dot3LabelManagerConnectAsync,
	getLabelChunk:            zapi6Frr7dot3GetLabelChunk,
	releaseLabelChunk:        zapi6Frr7dot3ReleaseLabelChunk,
}

const (
	zapi6Frr7dot2LabelManagerConnect      APIType = 49 // difference from frr7.5
	zapi6Frr7dot2LabelManagerConnectAsync APIType = 50 // difference from frr7.5
	zapi6Frr7dot2GetLabelChunk            APIType = 51 // difference from frr7.5
	zapi6Frr7dot2ReleaseLabelChunk        APIType = 52 // difference from frr7.5
)

var apiTypeZapi6Frr7dot2Map = map[APIType]APIType{
	labelManagerConnect:      zapi6Frr7dot2LabelManagerConnect,
	labelManagerConnectAsync: zapi6Frr7dot2LabelManagerConnectAsync,
	getLabelChunk:            zapi6Frr7dot2GetLabelChunk,
	releaseLabelChunk:        zapi6Frr7dot2ReleaseLabelChunk,
}

const ( // frr7.0, 7.1
	zapi6Frr7RouteAdd                 APIType = 7
	zapi6Frr7RouteDelete              APIType = 8
	zapi6Frr7RedistributAdd           APIType = 10
	zapi6Frr7RouterIDAdd              APIType = 14
	zapi6Frr7RouterIDUpdate           APIType = 16
	zapi6Frr7Hello                    APIType = 17
	zapi6Frr7NexthopRegister          APIType = 19
	zapi6Frr7NexthopUnregister        APIType = 20
	zapi6Frr7NexthopUpdate            APIType = 21
	zapi6Frr7RedistributeRouteAdd     APIType = 32
	zapi6Frr7RedistributeRouteDel     APIType = 33
	zapi6Frr7VrfLabel                 APIType = 37
	zapi6Frr7Ipv4NexthopLookupMRIB    APIType = 43
	zapi6Frr7LabelManagerConnect      APIType = 48
	zapi6Frr7LabelManagerConnectAsync APIType = 49
	zapi6Frr7GetLabelChunk            APIType = 50
	zapi6Frr7ReleaseLabelChunk        APIType = 51
)

var apiTypeZapi6Frr7Map = map[APIType]APIType{ // frr7.0, 7.1
	RouteAdd:                 zapi6Frr7RouteAdd,
	RouteDelete:              zapi6Frr7RouteDelete,
	redistributeAdd:          zapi6Frr7RedistributAdd,
	routerIDAdd:              zapi6Frr7RouterIDAdd,
	routerIDUpdate:           zapi6Frr7RouterIDUpdate,
	hello:                    zapi6Frr7Hello,
	nexthopRegister:          zapi6Frr7NexthopRegister,
	nexthopUnregister:        zapi6Frr7NexthopUnregister,
	nexthopUpdate:            zapi6Frr7NexthopUpdate,
	redistributeRouteAdd:     zapi6Frr7RedistributeRouteAdd,
	redistributeRouteDel:     zapi6Frr7RedistributeRouteDel,
	vrfLabel:                 zapi6Frr7VrfLabel,
	ipv4NexthopLookupMRIB:    zapi6Frr7Ipv4NexthopLookupMRIB,
	labelManagerConnect:      zapi6Frr7LabelManagerConnect,
	labelManagerConnectAsync: zapi6Frr7LabelManagerConnectAsync,
	getLabelChunk:            zapi6Frr7GetLabelChunk,
	releaseLabelChunk:        zapi6Frr7ReleaseLabelChunk,
}

var apiTypeZapi6Frr6Map = map[APIType]APIType{
	RouteAdd:                 zapi6Frr7RouteAdd,                     // same as frr7.0&7.1
	RouteDelete:              zapi6Frr7RouteDelete,                  // same as frr7.0&7.1
	redistributeAdd:          zapi6Frr7RedistributAdd,               // same as frr7.0&7.1
	routerIDAdd:              zapi6Frr7RouterIDAdd,                  // same as frr7.0&7.1
	routerIDUpdate:           zapi6Frr7RouterIDUpdate,               // same as frr7.0&7.1
	hello:                    zapi6Frr7Hello,                        // same as frr7.0&7.1
	nexthopRegister:          zapi6Frr7NexthopRegister,              // same as frr7.0&7.1
	nexthopUnregister:        zapi6Frr7NexthopUnregister,            // same as frr7.0&7.1
	nexthopUpdate:            zapi6Frr7NexthopUpdate,                // same as frr7.0&7.1
	redistributeRouteAdd:     redistributeRouteAdd,                  // same as frr7.2&7.3
	redistributeRouteDel:     redistributeRouteDel,                  // same as frr7.2&7.3
	vrfLabel:                 vrfLabel,                              // same as frr7.2&7.3
	ipv4NexthopLookupMRIB:    ipv4NexthopLookupMRIB,                 // same as frr7.2&7.3
	labelManagerConnect:      zapi6Frr7dot2LabelManagerConnect,      // same as frr7.2
	labelManagerConnectAsync: zapi6Frr7dot2LabelManagerConnectAsync, // same as frr7.2
	getLabelChunk:            zapi6Frr7dot2GetLabelChunk,            // same as frr7.2
	releaseLabelChunk:        zapi6Frr7dot2ReleaseLabelChunk,        // same as frr7.2
}

const ( // For Cumulus Linux 3.7.7, zebra 4.0+cl3u13  (ZAPI version 5)
	zapi5ClIpv4NexthopLookupMRIB APIType = 42
	zapi5ClLabelManagerConnect   APIType = 47
	zapi5ClGetLabelChunk         APIType = 48
	zapi5ClReleaseLabelChunk     APIType = 49
)

var apiTypeZapi5ClMap = map[APIType]APIType{
	nexthopRegister:      zapi6Frr7NexthopRegister,      // same as frr7.0&7.1
	nexthopUnregister:    zapi6Frr7NexthopUnregister,    // same as frr7.0&7.1
	nexthopUpdate:        zapi6Frr7NexthopUpdate,        // same as frr7.0&7.1
	redistributeRouteAdd: zapi6Frr7RedistributeRouteAdd, // same as frr7.0&7.1
	redistributeRouteDel: zapi6Frr7RedistributeRouteDel, // same as frr7.0&7.1
	vrfLabel:             zapi6Frr7VrfLabel,             // same as frr7.0&7.1
	labelManagerConnect:  zapi5ClLabelManagerConnect,
	getLabelChunk:        zapi5ClGetLabelChunk,
	releaseLabelChunk:    zapi5ClReleaseLabelChunk,
}

const (
	zapi5RedistributAdd               APIType = 14
	zapi5RouterIDAdd                  APIType = 18
	zapi5RouterIDUpdate               APIType = 20
	zapi5Hello                        APIType = 21
	zapi5Frr5NexthopRegister          APIType = 23
	zapi5Frr5NexthopUnregister        APIType = 24
	zapi5Frr5NexthopUpdate            APIType = 25
	zapi5Frr5RedistributeRouteAdd     APIType = 37
	zapi5Frr5RedistributeRouteDel     APIType = 38
	zapi5Frr5VrfLabel                 APIType = 42
	zapi5Frr5Ipv4NexthopLookupMRIB    APIType = 47
	zapi5Frr5LabelManagerConnect      APIType = 52
	zapi5Frr5LabelManagerConnectAsync APIType = 53
	zapi5Frr5GetLabelChunk            APIType = 54
	zapi5Frr5ReleaseLabelChunk        APIType = 55
)

var apiTypeZapi5Frr5Map = map[APIType]APIType{
	RouteAdd:                 zapi6Frr7RouteAdd,    // same as frr7.0&7.1
	RouteDelete:              zapi6Frr7RouteDelete, // same as frr7.0&7.1
	redistributeAdd:          zapi5RedistributAdd,
	routerIDAdd:              zapi5RouterIDAdd,
	routerIDUpdate:           zapi5RouterIDUpdate,
	hello:                    zapi5Hello,
	nexthopRegister:          zapi5Frr5NexthopRegister,
	nexthopUnregister:        zapi5Frr5NexthopUnregister,
	nexthopUpdate:            zapi5Frr5NexthopUpdate,
	redistributeRouteAdd:     zapi5Frr5RedistributeRouteAdd,
	redistributeRouteDel:     zapi5Frr5RedistributeRouteDel,
	vrfLabel:                 zapi5Frr5VrfLabel,
	ipv4NexthopLookupMRIB:    zapi5Frr5Ipv4NexthopLookupMRIB,
	labelManagerConnect:      zapi5Frr5LabelManagerConnect,
	labelManagerConnectAsync: zapi5Frr5LabelManagerConnectAsync,
	getLabelChunk:            zapi5Frr5GetLabelChunk,
	releaseLabelChunk:        zapi5Frr5ReleaseLabelChunk,
}

const (
	zapi5Frr4NexthopRegister       APIType = 22
	zapi5Frr4NexthopUnregister     APIType = 23
	zapi5Frr4NexthopUpdate         APIType = 24
	zapi5Frr4RedistributeRouteAdd  APIType = 36
	zapi5Frr4RedistributeRouteDel  APIType = 37
	zapi5Frr4Ipv4NexthopLookupMRIB APIType = 45
	zapi5Frr4LabelManagerConnect   APIType = 50
	zapi5Frr4GetLabelChunk         APIType = 51
	zapi5Frr4ReleaseLabelChunk     APIType = 52
)

var apiTypeZapi5Frr4Map = map[APIType]APIType{
	RouteAdd:              zapi6Frr7RouteAdd,    // same as frr7.0&7.1
	RouteDelete:           zapi6Frr7RouteDelete, // same as frr7.0&7.1
	redistributeAdd:       zapi5RedistributAdd,
	routerIDAdd:           zapi5RouterIDAdd,
	routerIDUpdate:        zapi5RouterIDUpdate,
	hello:                 zapi5Hello,
	nexthopRegister:       zapi5Frr4NexthopRegister,
	nexthopUnregister:     zapi5Frr4NexthopUnregister,
	nexthopUpdate:         zapi5Frr4NexthopUpdate,
	redistributeRouteAdd:  zapi5Frr4RedistributeRouteAdd,
	redistributeRouteDel:  zapi5Frr4RedistributeRouteDel,
	ipv4NexthopLookupMRIB: zapi5Frr4Ipv4NexthopLookupMRIB,
	labelManagerConnect:   zapi5Frr4LabelManagerConnect,
	getLabelChunk:         zapi5Frr4GetLabelChunk,
	releaseLabelChunk:     zapi5Frr4ReleaseLabelChunk,
}

const (
	zapi4IPv4RouteAdd        APIType = 6 // deleted in zapi6
	zapi4IPv4RouteDelete     APIType = 7 // deleted in zapi6
	zapi4IPv6RouteAdd        APIType = 8 // deleted in zapi6
	zapi4IPv6RouteDelete     APIType = 9 // deleted in zapi6
	zapi4RedistributAdd      APIType = 10
	zapi4RouterIDAdd         APIType = 14
	zapi4RouterIDUpdate      APIType = 16
	zapi4Hello               APIType = 17
	zapi4NexthopRegister     APIType = 18
	zapi4NexthopUnregister   APIType = 19
	zapi4NexthopUpdate       APIType = 20
	zapi4RedistributeIPv4Add APIType = 32 // deleted in zapi6
	zapi4RedistributeIPv4Del APIType = 33 // deleted in zapi6
	zapi4RedistributeIPv6Add APIType = 34 // deleted in zapi6
	zapi4RedistributeIPv6Del APIType = 35 // deleted in zapi6
	zapi4LabelManagerConnect APIType = 52
	zapi4GetLabelChunk       APIType = 53
	zapi4ReleaseLabelChunk   APIType = 54
)

var apiTypeZapi4Map = map[APIType]APIType{
	RouteAdd:                zapi4IPv4RouteAdd,    // deleted in zapi5
	RouteDelete:             zapi4IPv4RouteDelete, // deleted in zapi5
	redistributeAdd:         zapi4RedistributAdd,
	routerIDAdd:             zapi4RouterIDAdd,
	routerIDUpdate:          zapi4RouterIDUpdate,
	hello:                   zapi4Hello,
	nexthopRegister:         zapi4NexthopRegister,
	nexthopUnregister:       zapi4NexthopUnregister,
	nexthopUpdate:           zapi4NexthopUpdate,
	redistributeRouteAdd:    zapi4RedistributeIPv4Add,       // deleted in zapi5
	redistributeRouteDel:    zapi4RedistributeIPv4Del,       // deleted in zapi5
	ipv4NexthopLookupMRIB:   zapi6Frr7Ipv4NexthopLookupMRIB, // same as frr7.0&7.1
	labelManagerConnect:     zapi4LabelManagerConnect,
	getLabelChunk:           zapi4GetLabelChunk,
	releaseLabelChunk:       zapi4ReleaseLabelChunk,
	BackwardIPv6RouteAdd:    zapi4IPv6RouteAdd,
	BackwardIPv6RouteDelete: zapi4IPv6RouteDelete,
}

const (
	zapi3InterfaceAdd           APIType = 1
	zapi3InterfaceDelete        APIType = 2
	zapi3InterfaceAddressAdd    APIType = 3
	zapi3InterfaceAddressDelete APIType = 4
	zapi3InterfaceUp            APIType = 5
	zapi3InterfaceDown          APIType = 6
	zapi3IPv4RouteAdd           APIType = 7  // deleted in zapi5
	zapi3IPv4RouteDelete        APIType = 8  // deleted in zapi5
	zapi3IPv6RouteAdd           APIType = 9  // deleted in zapi5
	zapi3IPv6RouteDelete        APIType = 10 // deleted in zapi5
	zapi3RedistributeAdd        APIType = 11
	zapi3IPv4NexthopLookup      APIType = 15 // zapi3(quagga) only
	zapi3IPv6NexthopLookup      APIType = 16 // zapi3(quagga) only
	zapi3IPv4ImportLookup       APIType = 17 // zapi3(quagga) only
	zapi3RouterIDAdd            APIType = 20
	zapi3RouterIDUpdate         APIType = 22
	zapi3Hello                  APIType = 23
	zapi3Ipv4NexthopLookupMRIB  APIType = 24
	zapi3NexthopRegister        APIType = 27
	zapi3NexthopUnregister      APIType = 28
	zapi3NexthopUpdate          APIType = 29
)

var apiTypeZapi3Map = map[APIType]APIType{
	interfaceAdd:            zapi3InterfaceAdd,
	interfaceDelete:         zapi3InterfaceDelete,
	interfaceAddressAdd:     zapi3InterfaceAddressAdd,
	interfaceAddressDelete:  zapi3InterfaceAddressDelete,
	interfaceUp:             zapi3InterfaceUp,
	interfaceDown:           zapi3InterfaceDown,
	RouteAdd:                zapi3IPv4RouteAdd,    // deleted in zapi5
	RouteDelete:             zapi3IPv4RouteDelete, // deleted in zapi5
	redistributeAdd:         zapi3RedistributeAdd,
	routerIDAdd:             zapi3RouterIDAdd,
	routerIDUpdate:          zapi3RouterIDUpdate,
	hello:                   zapi3Hello,
	nexthopRegister:         zapi3NexthopRegister,
	nexthopUnregister:       zapi3NexthopUnregister,
	nexthopUpdate:           zapi3NexthopUpdate,
	BackwardIPv6RouteAdd:    zapi3IPv6RouteAdd,
	BackwardIPv6RouteDelete: zapi3IPv6RouteDelete,
}

func (t APIType) doesNeedConversion(version uint8, softwareName string) bool {
	if (version == 6 && softwareName == "") || t < minDifferentAPIType(version, softwareName) {
		return false
	}
	return true
}
func apiTypeMap(version uint8, softwareName string) map[APIType]APIType {
	if version == 6 && softwareName == "frr7.2" {
		return apiTypeZapi6Frr7dot2Map
	} else if version == 6 && softwareName == "frr7" {
		return apiTypeZapi6Frr7Map
	} else if version == 6 && softwareName == "frr6" {
		return apiTypeZapi6Frr6Map
	} else if version == 5 {
		if softwareName == "frr4" {
			return apiTypeZapi5Frr4Map
		} else if softwareName == "cumulus" {
			return apiTypeZapi5ClMap
		}
		return apiTypeZapi5Frr5Map
	} else if version == 4 {
		return apiTypeZapi4Map
	} else if version < 4 {
		return apiTypeZapi3Map
	}
	return apiTypeZapi6Frr7dot3Map
}

// ToEach is referred in zclient_test
func (t APIType) ToEach(version uint8, softwareName string) APIType {
	if !t.doesNeedConversion(version, softwareName) {
		return t
	}
	apiMap := apiTypeMap(version, softwareName)
	backward, ok := apiMap[t]
	if !ok {
		backward = zebraError // fail to convert and error value
	}
	log.WithFields(log.Fields{
		"Topic": "Zebra",
	}).Debugf("zebra ToEach converts APIType: %d(%s) -> %d (version: %d, software: %s)",
		t, t.String(), backward, version, softwareName)
	return backward // success to convert
}
func (t APIType) toCommon(version uint8, softwareName string) APIType {
	if !t.doesNeedConversion(version, softwareName) {
		return t
	}
	apiMap := apiTypeMap(version, softwareName)
	for common, backward := range apiMap {
		if backward == t {
			log.WithFields(log.Fields{
				"Topic": "Zebra",
			}).Debugf("zebra toCommon converts APIType: %d -> %d(%s) (version: %d, software: %s)",
				t, common, common.String(), version, softwareName)
			return common // success to convert
		}
	}
	return zebraError // fail to convert and error value
}

func (t APIType) addressFamily(version uint8) uint8 {
	if version == 4 {
		switch t {
		case zapi4IPv4RouteAdd, zapi4IPv4RouteDelete, zapi4RedistributeIPv4Add, zapi4RedistributeIPv4Del, zapi6Frr7Ipv4NexthopLookupMRIB:
			return syscall.AF_INET
		case zapi4IPv6RouteAdd, zapi4IPv6RouteDelete, zapi4RedistributeIPv6Add, zapi4RedistributeIPv6Del:
			return syscall.AF_INET6
		}
	} else if version < 4 {
		switch t {
		case zapi3IPv4RouteAdd, zapi3IPv4RouteDelete, zapi3IPv4NexthopLookup, zapi3IPv4ImportLookup, zapi3Ipv4NexthopLookupMRIB:
			return syscall.AF_INET
		case zapi3IPv6RouteAdd, zapi3IPv6RouteDelete, zapi3IPv6NexthopLookup:
			return syscall.AF_INET6
		}
	}
	return syscall.AF_UNSPEC
}

// RouteType is referred in zclient.
//go:generate stringer -type=RouteType
type RouteType uint8

// For FRRouting version 7 (ZAPI version 6).
const (
	routeSystem RouteType = iota //0
	routeKernel
	routeConnect
	RouteStatic
	routeRIP
	routeRIPNG
	routeOSPF
	routeOSPF6
	routeISIS
	RouteBGP
	routePIM   // 10
	routeEIGRP // FRRRouting version 4 (Zapi5) adds.
	routeNHRP
	routeHSLS
	routeOLSR
	routeTABLE
	routeLDP
	routeVNC
	routeVNCDirect
	routeVNCDirectRH
	routeBGPDirect
	routeBGPDirectEXT
	routeBABEL
	routeSHARP
	routePBR        // FRRRouting version 5 (Zapi5) adds.
	routeBFD        // FRRRouting version 6 (Zapi6) adds.
	routeOpenfabric // FRRRouting version 7 (Zapi6) adds.
	routeVRRP       // FRRRouting version 7.2 (Zapi6) adds.
	routeNHG        // FRRRouting version 7.3 (Zapi6) adds.
	routeSRTE       // FRRRouting version 7.5 (Zapi6) adds.
	routeAll
	routeMax // max value for error
)
const (
	zapi5Frr4RouteAll     RouteType = 24
	zapi5Frr5RouteAll     RouteType = 25
	zapi6Frr6RouteAll     RouteType = 26
	zapi6Frr7RouteAll     RouteType = 27
	zapi6Frr7dot2RouteAll RouteType = 28
	zapi6Frr7dot3RouteAll RouteType = 29
)

func getRouteAll(version uint8, softwareName string) RouteType {
	if version == 5 {
		if softwareName == "frr4" {
			return zapi5Frr4RouteAll
		}
		return zapi5Frr5RouteAll
	} else if version == 6 {
		if softwareName == "frr6" {
			return zapi6Frr6RouteAll
		} else if softwareName == "frr7" {
			return zapi6Frr7RouteAll
		} else if softwareName == "frr7.2" {
			return zapi6Frr7dot2RouteAll
		} else if softwareName == "frr7.3" {
			return zapi6Frr7dot3RouteAll
		}
	}
	return routeAll
}

// For FRRouting version 3.0 except common route type.
const (
	zapi4RouteNHRP RouteType = iota + routePIM + 1
	zapi4RouteHSLS
	zapi4RouteOLSR
	zapi4RouteTABLE
	zapi4RouteLDP
	zapi4RouteVNC
	zapi4RouteVNCDirect
	zapi4RouteVNCDirectRH
	zapi4RouteBGPDixrect
	zapi4RouteBGPDirectEXT
	zapi4RouteAll
)

var routeTypeZapi4Map = map[RouteType]RouteType{
	routeNHRP:         zapi4RouteNHRP,
	routeHSLS:         zapi4RouteHSLS,
	routeOLSR:         zapi4RouteOLSR,
	routeTABLE:        zapi4RouteTABLE,
	routeLDP:          zapi4RouteLDP,
	routeVNC:          zapi4RouteVNC,
	routeVNCDirect:    zapi4RouteVNCDirect,
	routeVNCDirectRH:  zapi4RouteVNCDirectRH,
	routeBGPDirect:    zapi4RouteBGPDixrect,
	routeBGPDirectEXT: zapi4RouteBGPDirectEXT,
	routeAll:          zapi4RouteAll,
}

// For Quagga except common route type.
const (
	zapi3RouteHSLS RouteType = iota + routePIM + 1
	zapi3RouteOLSR
	zapi3RouteBABEL
	zapi3RouteNHRP // quagga 1.2.4
)

var routeTypeZapi3Map = map[RouteType]RouteType{
	routeHSLS:  zapi3RouteHSLS,
	routeOLSR:  zapi3RouteOLSR,
	routeBABEL: zapi3RouteBABEL,
	routeNHRP:  zapi3RouteNHRP,
}

func (t RouteType) toEach(version uint8, softwareName string) RouteType {
	if t <= routePIM || version > 4 { // not need to convert
		return t
	}
	routeTypeMap := routeTypeZapi4Map
	if version < 4 {
		routeTypeMap = routeTypeZapi3Map
	}
	backward, ok := routeTypeMap[t]
	if ok {
		return backward // success to convert
	}
	return routeMax // fail to convert and error value
}

var routeTypeValueMap = map[string]RouteType{
	"system":                   routeSystem,
	"kernel":                   routeKernel,
	"connect":                  routeConnect, // hack for backward compatibility
	"directly-connected":       routeConnect,
	"static":                   RouteStatic,
	"rip":                      routeRIP,
	"ripng":                    routeRIPNG,
	"ospf":                     routeOSPF,
	"ospf3":                    routeOSPF6,
	"isis":                     routeISIS,
	"bgp":                      RouteBGP,
	"pim":                      routePIM,
	"eigrp":                    routeEIGRP, // add in frr4(zapi5)
	"nhrp":                     routeNHRP,
	"hsls":                     routeHSLS,
	"olsr":                     routeOLSR,
	"table":                    routeTABLE,
	"ldp":                      routeLDP,
	"vnc":                      routeVNC,
	"vnc-direct":               routeVNCDirect,
	"vnc-rn":                   routeVNCDirectRH,
	"bgp-direct":               routeBGPDirect,
	"bgp-direct-to-nve-groups": routeBGPDirectEXT,
	"babel":                    routeBABEL,
	"sharp":                    routeSHARP,
	"pbr":                      routePBR,
	"bfd":                      routeBFD,
	"openfabric":               routeOpenfabric, // add in frr7.0(zapi6)
	"vrrp":                     routeVRRP,       // add in frr7.2(zapi6)
	"nhg":                      routeNHG,        // add in frr7.3(zapi6)
	"srte":                     routeSRTE,       // add in frr7.5(zapi6)
	"wildcard":                 routeAll,
}

// RouteTypeFromString converts from string to route type
func RouteTypeFromString(typ string, version uint8, softwareName string) (RouteType, error) {
	t, ok := routeTypeValueMap[typ]
	if !ok { // failed to lookup RouteType from string
		return t, fmt.Errorf("unknown route type: %s in version: %d (%s)", typ, version, softwareName)
	}
	t = t.toEach(version, softwareName) //when lookup failes return routeMax
	if t > getRouteAll(version, softwareName) {
		return t, fmt.Errorf("unknown route type: %d in version: %d (%s)", t, version, softwareName)
	}
	return t, nil // Success
}

func addressByteLength(family uint8) (int, error) {
	switch family {
	case syscall.AF_INET:
		return net.IPv4len, nil
	case syscall.AF_INET6:
		return net.IPv6len, nil
	}
	return 0, fmt.Errorf("unknown address family: %d", family)
}

func ipFromFamily(family uint8, buf []byte) net.IP {
	switch family {
	case syscall.AF_INET:
		return net.IP(buf).To4()
	case syscall.AF_INET6:
		return net.IP(buf).To16()
	}
	return nil
}

// MessageFlag is the type of API Message Flags.
type MessageFlag uint32 // MESSAGE_FLAG is 32bit after frr7.5, 8bit before frr7.4

const ( // For FRRouting version 4, 5 and 6 (ZAPI version 5 and 6).
	// MessageNexthop is referred in zclient
	MessageNexthop MessageFlag = 0x01
	// MessageDistance is referred in zclient_test
	MessageDistance MessageFlag = 0x02
	// MessageMetric is referred in zclient
	MessageMetric MessageFlag = 0x04
	messageTag    MessageFlag = 0x08
	// MessageMTU is referred in zclient_test
	MessageMTU    MessageFlag = 0x10
	messageSRCPFX MessageFlag = 0x20
	// MessageLabel is referred in zclient
	MessageLabel          MessageFlag = 0x40  // deleted in frr7.3
	messageBackupNexthops MessageFlag = 0x40  // added in frr7.4
	messageTableID        MessageFlag = 0x80  // introduced in frr5
	messageSRTE           MessageFlag = 0x100 // introduced in frr7.5
)

const ( // For FRRouting.
	messageIFIndex       MessageFlag = 0x02
	zapi4MessageDistance MessageFlag = 0x04
	zapi4MessageMetric   MessageFlag = 0x08
	zapi4MessageTag      MessageFlag = 0x10
	zapi4MessageMTU      MessageFlag = 0x20
	zapi4MessageSRCPFX   MessageFlag = 0x40
)

const ( // For Quagga.
	zapi3MessageMTU MessageFlag = 0x10
	zapi3MessageTag MessageFlag = 0x20
)

// ToEach is referred in zclient
func (f MessageFlag) ToEach(version uint8) MessageFlag {
	if version > 4 { //zapi version 5, 6
		return f
	}
	if version < 4 { //zapi version 3, 2
		switch f {
		case MessageMTU:
			return zapi3MessageMTU
		case messageTag:
			return zapi3MessageTag
		}
	}
	switch f { //zapi version 4
	case MessageDistance, MessageMetric, messageTag, MessageMTU, messageSRCPFX:
		return f << 1
	}
	return f
}
func (f MessageFlag) string(version uint8, softwareName string) string {
	var ss []string
	if f&MessageNexthop > 0 {
		ss = append(ss, "NEXTHOP")
	}
	if version < 4 && f&messageIFIndex > 0 {
		ss = append(ss, "IFINDEX")
	}
	if f&MessageDistance.ToEach(version) > 0 {
		ss = append(ss, "DISTANCE")
	}
	if f&MessageMetric.ToEach(version) > 0 {
		ss = append(ss, "METRIC")
	}
	if f&MessageMTU.ToEach(version) > 0 {
		ss = append(ss, "MTU")
	}
	if f&messageTag.ToEach(version) > 0 {
		ss = append(ss, "TAG")
	}
	if version > 3 && f&messageSRCPFX.ToEach(version) > 0 {
		ss = append(ss, "SRCPFX")
	}
	if version == 6 && softwareName == "" && f&messageBackupNexthops > 0 { // added in frr7.4, frr7.5
		ss = append(ss, "BACKUP_NEXTHOPS")
	} else if version > 4 && f&MessageLabel > 0 {
		ss = append(ss, "LABEL")
	}
	if version > 5 && f&messageTableID > 0 {
		ss = append(ss, "TABLEID")
	}
	if version == 6 && softwareName == "" && f&messageSRTE > 0 { // added in frr7.5
		ss = append(ss, "SRTE")
	}
	return strings.Join(ss, "|")
}

// Flag is Message Flag which is referred in zclient
type Flag uint64

const ( // For FRRouting version 7 (zebra API version 6)
	// FlagAllowRecursion is referred in zclient, and it is renamed from ZEBRA_FLAG_INTERNAL (https://github.com/FRRouting/frr/commit/4e8b02f4df5d6bcfde6390955b8feda2a17dc9bd)
	FlagAllowRecursion Flag = 0x01 // quagga, frr3, frr4, frr5, frr6, frr7
	flagSelfRoute      Flag = 0x02 // quagga, frr3, frr4, frr5, frr6, frr7
	// FlagIBGP is referred in zclient
	FlagIBGP Flag = 0x04
	// FlagSelected referred in zclient_test
	FlagSelected      Flag = 0x08
	flagFIBOverride   Flag = 0x10
	flagEvpnRoute     Flag = 0x20
	flagRRUseDistance Flag = 0x40
	flagOnlink        Flag = 0x80 // frr7.0 only, this vale is deleted in frr7.1
)

// For Quagga (ZAPI v2, v3), FRR v3 (ZAPI v4), FRR v4, v5 (ZAPI v5), FRR v6 (ZAPI v6) for backward compatibility
const (
	flagBlackhole Flag = 0x04  // quagga, frr3
	flagStatic    Flag = 0x40  // quagga, frr3, frr4, frr5, frr6
	flagReject    Flag = 0x80  // quagga, frr3
	flagScopeLink Flag = 0x100 // frr4, frr5, frr6
)

// ToEach is referred in zclient
func (f Flag) ToEach(version uint8, softwareName string) Flag {
	if (version == 6 && softwareName != "frr6") || (f < FlagIBGP) || f > flagRRUseDistance {
		return f
	}
	switch f {
	case FlagIBGP, FlagSelected: // 0x04->0x08,0x08->0x10(quagga, frr3,4,5,6)
		return f << 1
	case flagEvpnRoute, flagRRUseDistance: // 0x20->0x400,0x40->0x800(frr4,5,6)
		return f << 5
	case flagFIBOverride:
		if version < 4 {
			return f << 1 // 0x10->0x20(quagga)
		}
		return f << 5 // 0x10->0x200(frr3, frr4, frr5, frr6)
	}
	return f
}

// String is referred in zclient
func (f Flag) String(version uint8, softwareName string) string {
	var ss []string
	// common flag
	if f&FlagAllowRecursion > 0 {
		ss = append(ss, "FLAG_ALLOW_RECURSION")
	}
	if f&flagSelfRoute > 0 {
		ss = append(ss, "FLAG_SELFROUTE")
	}
	if f&FlagIBGP.ToEach(version, softwareName) > 0 {
		ss = append(ss, "FLAG_IBGP")
	}
	if f&FlagSelected.ToEach(version, softwareName) > 0 {
		ss = append(ss, "FLAG_SELECTED")
	}
	if f&flagEvpnRoute.ToEach(version, softwareName) > 0 {
		ss = append(ss, "FLAG_EVPN_ROUTE")
	}
	if f&flagRRUseDistance.ToEach(version, softwareName) > 0 {
		ss = append(ss, "FLAG_RR_USE_DISTANCE")
	}
	if f&flagFIBOverride.ToEach(version, softwareName) > 0 {
		ss = append(ss, "FLAG_FIB_OVERRIDE")
	}
	if version == 6 && softwareName == "frr7" && f&flagOnlink > 0 { // frr7.0 only
		ss = append(ss, "FLAG_ONLINK")
	}
	if (version < 6 || (version == 6 && softwareName == "frr6")) && f&flagStatic > 0 {
		ss = append(ss, "FLAG_STATIC") // quagga, frr3, frr4, frr5, frr6
	}
	if version < 5 && f&flagBlackhole > 0 { // quagga, frr3
		ss = append(ss, "FLAG_BLACKHOLE")
	}
	if version < 5 && f&flagReject > 0 { // quagga, frr3
		ss = append(ss, "FLAG_REJECT")
	}
	if (version == 5 || (version == 6 && softwareName == "frr6")) && f&flagScopeLink > 0 {
		ss = append(ss, "FLAG_SCOPE_LINK") // frr4, frr5, frr6
	}
	return strings.Join(ss, "|")
}

// Nexthop Types.
//go:generate stringer -type=nexthopType
type nexthopType uint8

// For FRRouting.
const (
	_                      nexthopType = iota
	nexthopTypeIFIndex                 // 1
	nexthopTypeIPv4                    // 2
	nexthopTypeIPv4IFIndex             // 3
	nexthopTypeIPv6                    // 4
	nexthopTypeIPv6IFIndex             // 5
	nexthopTypeBlackhole               // 6
)

// For Quagga.
const (
	nexthopTypeIFName              nexthopType = iota + 2 // 2
	backwardNexthopTypeIPv4                               // 3
	backwardNexthopTypeIPv4IFIndex                        // 4
	nexthopTypeIPv4IFName                                 // 5
	backwardNexthopTypeIPv6                               // 6
	backwardNexthopTypeIPv6IFIndex                        // 7
	nexthopTypeIPv6IFName                                 // 8
	backwardNexthopTypeBlackhole                          // 9
)

var nexthopTypeMap = map[nexthopType]nexthopType{
	nexthopTypeIPv4:        backwardNexthopTypeIPv4,        // 2 -> 3
	nexthopTypeIPv4IFIndex: backwardNexthopTypeIPv4IFIndex, // 3 -> 4
	nexthopTypeIPv6:        backwardNexthopTypeIPv6,        // 4 -> 6
	nexthopTypeIPv6IFIndex: backwardNexthopTypeIPv6IFIndex, // 5 -> 7
	nexthopTypeBlackhole:   backwardNexthopTypeBlackhole,   // 6 -> 9
}

func (t nexthopType) toEach(version uint8) nexthopType {
	if version > 3 { // frr
		return t
	}
	if t == nexthopTypeIFIndex || t > nexthopTypeBlackhole { // 1 (common), 7, 8, 9 (out of map range)
		return t
	}
	backward, ok := nexthopTypeMap[t]
	if ok {
		return backward // converted value
	}
	return nexthopType(0) // error for conversion
}

func (t nexthopType) ipToIPIFIndex() nexthopType {
	// process of nexthopTypeIPv[4|6] is same as nexthopTypeIPv[4|6]IFIndex
	// in IPRouteBode of frr7.3 and NexthoUpdate of frr
	if t == nexthopTypeIPv4 {
		return nexthopTypeIPv4IFIndex
	} else if t == nexthopTypeIPv6 {
		return nexthopTypeIPv6IFIndex
	}
	return t
}
func (t nexthopType) ifNameToIFIndex() nexthopType { // quagga
	if t == nexthopTypeIFName {
		return nexthopTypeIFIndex
	} else if t == nexthopTypeIPv4IFName {
		return backwardNexthopTypeIPv4IFIndex
	} else if t == nexthopTypeIPv6IFName {
		return backwardNexthopTypeIPv6IFIndex
	}
	return t
}

// Nexthop Flags.
//go:generate stringer -type=nexthopFlag
type nexthopFlag uint8

const (
	nexthopFlagActive    nexthopFlag = 0x01 // This nexthop is alive.
	nexthopFlagFIB       nexthopFlag = 0x02 // FIB nexthop.
	nexthopFlagRecursive nexthopFlag = 0x04 // Recursive nexthop.
	nexthopFlagOnlink    nexthopFlag = 0x08 // Nexthop should be installed onlink.
	nexthopFlagMatched   nexthopFlag = 0x10 // Already matched vs a nexthop
	nexthopFlagFiltered  nexthopFlag = 0x20 // rmap filtered (version >= 4)
	nexthopFlagDuplicate nexthopFlag = 0x40 // nexthop duplicates (version >= 5)
	nexthopFlagEvpnRvtep nexthopFlag = 0x80 // Evpn remote vtep nexthop (version >= 5)
)

// Interface PTM Enable Configuration.
//go:generate stringer -type=ptmEnable
type ptmEnable uint8

const (
	ptmEnableOff    ptmEnable = 0
	ptmEnableOn     ptmEnable = 1
	ptmEnableUnspec ptmEnable = 2
)

// PTM Status.
//go:generate stringer -type=ptmStatus
type ptmStatus uint8

const (
	ptmStatusDown    ptmStatus = 0
	ptmStatusUp      ptmStatus = 1
	ptmStatusUnknown ptmStatus = 2
)

// Client is zebra client which is referred in zclient
type Client struct {
	outgoing      chan *Message
	incoming      chan *Message
	redistDefault RouteType
	conn          net.Conn
	Version       uint8
	SoftwareName  string
}

// NewClient returns a Client instance (Client constructor)
func NewClient(network, address string, typ RouteType, version uint8, software string, mplsLabelRangeSize uint32) (*Client, error) {
	conn, err := net.Dial(network, address)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	outgoing := make(chan *Message)
	incoming := make(chan *Message, 64)
	if version < MinZapiVer {
		version = MinZapiVer
	} else if version > MaxZapiVer {
		version = MaxZapiVer
	}
	if !IsAllowableSoftwareName(version, software) {
		log.WithFields(log.Fields{
			"Topic": "Zebra",
		}).Warnf("softwareName %s cannot be used with version %d.", software, version)
		software = ""
	}

	c := &Client{
		outgoing:      outgoing,
		incoming:      incoming,
		redistDefault: typ,
		conn:          conn,
		Version:       version,
		SoftwareName:  software,
	}

	go func() {
		for {
			m, more := <-outgoing
			if more {
				b, err := m.serialize(software)
				if err != nil {
					log.WithFields(log.Fields{
						"Topic": "Zebra",
					}).Warnf("failed to serialize: %v", m)
					continue
				}

				_, err = conn.Write(b)
				if err != nil {
					log.WithFields(log.Fields{
						"Topic": "Zebra",
					}).Errorf("failed to write: %s", err)
					closeChannel(outgoing)
					return
				}
			} else {
				log.Debug("finish outgoing loop")
				return
			}
		}
	}()

	// Send Hello/RouterIDAdd messages to negotiate the Zebra message version.
	c.SendHello()
	c.SendRouterIDAdd()

	if mplsLabelRangeSize > 0 && c.SupportMpls() {
		c.sendLabelManagerConnect(true)
	}

	receiveSingleMsg := func() (*Message, error) {
		headerBuf, err := readAll(conn, int(HeaderSize(version)))
		if err != nil {
			log.WithFields(log.Fields{
				"Topic": "Zebra",
				"Error": err,
			}).Error("failed to read header")
			return nil, err
		}

		hd := &Header{}
		err = hd.decodeFromBytes(headerBuf)
		if c.Version != hd.Version {
			log.WithFields(log.Fields{
				"Topic": "Zebra",
			}).Warnf("ZAPI version mismatch. configured version: %d, version of received message:%d", c.Version, hd.Version)
			return nil, errors.New("ZAPI version mismatch")
		}
		if err != nil {
			log.WithFields(log.Fields{
				"Topic": "Zebra",
				"Data":  headerBuf,
				"Error": err,
			}).Error("failed to decode header")
			return nil, err
		}

		bodyBuf, err := readAll(conn, int(hd.Len-HeaderSize(version)))
		if err != nil {
			log.WithFields(log.Fields{
				"Topic":  "Zebra",
				"Header": hd,
				"Error":  err,
			}).Error("failed to read body")
			return nil, err
		}

		m, err := parseMessage(hd, bodyBuf, software)
		if err != nil {
			// Just outputting warnings (not error message) and ignore this
			// error considering the case that body parser is not implemented yet.
			log.WithFields(log.Fields{
				"Topic":  "Zebra",
				"Header": hd,
				"Data":   bodyBuf,
				"Error":  err,
			}).Warn("failed to decode body")
			return nil, nil
		}
		log.WithFields(log.Fields{
			"Topic":   "Zebra",
			"Message": m,
		}).Debug("read message from zebra")

		return m, nil
	}

	// Try to receive the first message from Zebra.
	if m, err := receiveSingleMsg(); err != nil {
		c.close()
		// Return error explicitly in order to retry connection.
		return nil, err
	} else if m != nil {
		incoming <- m
	}

	// Start receive loop only when the first message successfully received.
	go func() {
		defer closeChannel(incoming)
		for {
			if m, err := receiveSingleMsg(); err != nil {
				return
			} else if m != nil {
				incoming <- m
			}
		}
	}()

	return c, nil
}

func readAll(conn net.Conn, length int) ([]byte, error) {
	buf := make([]byte, length)
	_, err := io.ReadFull(conn, buf)
	return buf, err
}

// Receive return incoming channel message
func (c *Client) Receive() chan *Message {
	return c.incoming
}

func (c *Client) send(m *Message) {
	defer func() {
		if err := recover(); err != nil {
			log.WithFields(log.Fields{
				"Topic": "Zebra",
			}).Debugf("recovered: %s", err)
		}
	}()
	log.WithFields(log.Fields{
		"Topic":  "Zebra",
		"Header": m.Header,
		"Body":   m.Body,
	}).Debug("send command to zebra")
	c.outgoing <- m
}

func (c *Client) sendCommand(command APIType, vrfID uint32, body Body) error {
	m := &Message{
		Header: Header{
			Len:     HeaderSize(c.Version),
			Marker:  HeaderMarker(c.Version),
			Version: c.Version,
			VrfID:   vrfID,
			Command: command.ToEach(c.Version, c.SoftwareName),
		},
		Body: body,
	}
	c.send(m)
	return nil
}

// SendHello sends HELLO message to zebra daemon.
func (c *Client) SendHello() error {
	if c.redistDefault > 0 {
		body := &helloBody{
			redistDefault: c.redistDefault,
			instance:      0,
		}
		return c.sendCommand(hello, DefaultVrf, body)
	}
	return nil
}

// SendRouterIDAdd sends ROUTER_ID_ADD message to zebra daemon.
func (c *Client) SendRouterIDAdd() error {
	bodies := make([]*routerIDUpdateBody, 0)
	for _, afi := range []afi{afiIP, afiIP6} {
		bodies = append(bodies, &routerIDUpdateBody{
			afi: afi,
		})
	}
	for _, body := range bodies {
		c.sendCommand(routerIDAdd, DefaultVrf, body)
	}
	return nil
}

// SendInterfaceAdd sends INTERFACE_ADD message to zebra daemon.
func (c *Client) SendInterfaceAdd() error {
	return c.sendCommand(interfaceAdd, DefaultVrf, nil)
}

// SendRedistribute sends REDISTRIBUTE message to zebra daemon.
func (c *Client) SendRedistribute(t RouteType, vrfID uint32) error {
	if c.redistDefault != t {
		bodies := make([]*redistributeBody, 0)
		if c.Version <= 3 {
			bodies = append(bodies, &redistributeBody{
				redist: t,
			})
		} else { // Version >= 4
			for _, afi := range []afi{afiIP, afiIP6} {
				bodies = append(bodies, &redistributeBody{
					afi:      afi,
					redist:   t,
					instance: 0,
				})
			}
		}

		for _, body := range bodies {
			c.sendCommand(redistributeAdd, vrfID, body)
		}
	}
	return nil
}

// SendIPRoute sends ROUTE message to zebra daemon.
func (c *Client) SendIPRoute(vrfID uint32, body *IPRouteBody, isWithdraw bool) error {
	routeFamily := body.RouteFamily(c.Version, c.SoftwareName)
	if vrfID == DefaultVrf && (routeFamily == bgp.RF_IPv4_VPN || routeFamily == bgp.RF_IPv6_VPN) {
		return fmt.Errorf("RF_IPv4_VPN or RF_IPv6_VPN are not suitable for Default VRF (default forwarding table)")
	}
	command := RouteAdd
	if isWithdraw {
		command = RouteDelete
	}
	if c.Version < 5 && familyFromPrefix(body.Prefix.Prefix) == syscall.AF_INET6 {
		command = BackwardIPv6RouteAdd
		if isWithdraw {
			command = BackwardIPv6RouteDelete
		}
	}
	return c.sendCommand(command, vrfID, body)
}

// SendNexthopRegister sends NEXTHOP_REGISTER message to zebra daemon.
func (c *Client) SendNexthopRegister(vrfID uint32, body *NexthopRegisterBody, isWithdraw bool) error {
	// Note: NexthopRegister and NexthopUnregister messages are not
	// supported in Zebra protocol version<3.
	if c.Version < 3 {
		return fmt.Errorf("NexthopRegister/NexthopUnregister are not supported in version: %d", c.Version)
	}
	command := nexthopRegister
	if isWithdraw {
		command = nexthopUnregister
	}
	return c.sendCommand(command, vrfID, body)
}

// SupportMpls is referred in zclient. It returns bool value.
func (c *Client) SupportMpls() bool {
	// Note: frr3&4 have LABEL_MANAGER_CONNECT& GET_LABEL_CHUNK. However
	// Routes will not be installed via zebra of frr3&4 after call these APIs.
	if c.Version < 5 || c.SoftwareName == "frr4" {
		return false // if frr4 or ealier are used
	}
	return true // if frr5 or later are used
}

// Ref: zread_label_manager_connect in zebra/zserv.c of FRR3 (ZAPI4)
// Ref: zread_label_manager_connect in zebra/zapi_msg.c of FRR5&6 (ZAPI5&6)
func (c *Client) sendLabelManagerConnect(async bool) error {
	if c.Version < 4 {
		return fmt.Errorf("LabelManagerConnect is not supported in zebra API version: %d", c.Version)
	}
	command := labelManagerConnectAsync
	if !async || c.Version == 4 || (c.Version == 5 && c.SoftwareName == "frr4") {
		command = labelManagerConnect
	}
	return c.sendCommand(
		command, 0,
		&labelManagerConnectBody{
			redistDefault: RouteBGP,
			instance:      0,
		})
}

// SendGetLabelChunk sends GET_LABEL_CHUNK message to zebra daemon.
func (c *Client) SendGetLabelChunk(body *GetLabelChunkBody) error {
	if c.Version < 4 {
		return fmt.Errorf("GetLabelChunk is not supported in version: %d", c.Version)
	}
	body.instance = 0
	body.proto = uint8(RouteBGP)
	return c.sendCommand(getLabelChunk, 0, body)
}

// SendVrfLabel sends VRF_LABEL message to zebra daemon.
func (c *Client) SendVrfLabel(label uint32, vrfID uint32) error {
	// ZAPIv5 has ZEBRA_VRF_LABEL, however frr4 (ZAPIv5) doesn't have it.
	if c.Version < 5 || (c.Version == 5 && c.SoftwareName == "frr4") {
		return fmt.Errorf("VrfLabel is not supported in zebra API version: %d software: %s", c.Version, c.SoftwareName)
	}
	body := &vrfLabelBody{
		label:     label,
		afi:       afiIP,
		labelType: lspBGP,
	}
	return c.sendCommand(vrfLabel, vrfID, body)
}

// for avoiding double close
func closeChannel(ch chan *Message) bool {
	select {
	case _, ok := <-ch:
		if ok {
			close(ch)
			return true
		}
	default:
	}
	return false
}

func (c *Client) close() error {
	closeChannel(c.outgoing)
	return c.conn.Close()
}

// SetLabelFlag is referred in zclient, this func sets label flag
func (c Client) SetLabelFlag(msgFlags *MessageFlag, nexthop *Nexthop) {
	if c.Version == 6 && c.SoftwareName == "" {
		nexthop.flags |= zapiNexthopFlagLabel
	} else if c.Version > 4 {
		*msgFlags |= MessageLabel
	}
}

// Header is header of zebra message.
type Header struct {
	Len     uint16
	Marker  uint8
	Version uint8
	VrfID   uint32 // ZAPI v4: 16bits, v5: 32bits
	Command APIType
}

func (h *Header) serialize() ([]byte, error) {
	buf := make([]byte, HeaderSize(h.Version))
	binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(buf[0:2], h.Len)
	buf[2] = h.Marker
	buf[3] = h.Version
	switch h.Version {
	case 2:
		binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(buf[4:6], uint16(h.Command))
	case 3, 4:
		binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(buf[4:6], uint16(h.VrfID))
		binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(buf[6:8], uint16(h.Command))
	case 5, 6:
		binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(buf[4:8], uint32(h.VrfID))
		binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(buf[8:10], uint16(h.Command))
	default:
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("unsupported ZAPI version: %d", h.Version)
	}
	return buf, nil
}

func (h *Header) decodeFromBytes(data []byte) error {
	if uint16(len(data)) < 4 {
		return fmt.Errorf("not all ZAPI message header")
	}
	h.Len = binary.BigEndian.Uint16(data[0:2])
	h.Marker = data[2]
	h.Version = data[3]
	if uint16(len(data)) < HeaderSize(h.Version) {
		return fmt.Errorf("not all ZAPI message header")
	}
	switch h.Version {
	case 2:
		h.Command = APIType(binary.BigEndian.Uint16(data[4:6]))
	case 3, 4:
		h.VrfID = uint32(binary.BigEndian.Uint16(data[4:6]))
		h.Command = APIType(binary.BigEndian.Uint16(data[6:8]))
	case 5, 6:
		h.VrfID = binary.BigEndian.Uint32(data[4:8])
		h.Command = APIType(binary.BigEndian.Uint16(data[8:10]))
	default:
		return fmt.Errorf("unsupported ZAPI version: %d", h.Version)
	}
	return nil
}

// Body is an interface for zebra messages.
type Body interface {
	decodeFromBytes([]byte, uint8, string) error
	serialize(uint8, string) ([]byte, error)
	string(uint8, string) string
}

type unknownBody struct {
	Data []byte
}

func (b *unknownBody) decodeFromBytes(data []byte, version uint8, softwareName string) error {
	b.Data = data
	return nil
}

func (b *unknownBody) serialize(version uint8, softwareName string) ([]byte, error) {
	return b.Data, nil
}

func (b *unknownBody) string(version uint8, softwareName string) string {
	return fmt.Sprintf("data: %v", b.Data)
}

type helloBody struct {
	redistDefault RouteType
	instance      uint16
	sessionID     uint32 // frr7.4, frr7.5
	receiveNotify uint8
	synchronous   uint8 // frr7.4, frr7.5
}

// Ref: zread_hello in zebra/zserv.c of Quagga1.2&FRR3 (ZAPI3&4)
// Ref: zread_hello in zebra/zapi_msg.c of FRR5 (ZAPI5)
func (b *helloBody) decodeFromBytes(data []byte, version uint8, softwareName string) error {
	b.redistDefault = RouteType(data[0])
	if version > 3 { //frr
		b.instance = binary.BigEndian.Uint16(data[1:3])
		if version == 6 && softwareName == "" { // frr7.5
			b.sessionID = binary.BigEndian.Uint32(data[3:7])
			b.receiveNotify = data[7]
			b.synchronous = data[8]
		} else if version > 4 {
			b.receiveNotify = data[3]
		}
	}
	return nil
}

// Ref: zebra_hello_send in lib/zclient.c of Quagga1.2&FRR3&FRR5 (ZAPI3&4&5)
func (b *helloBody) serialize(version uint8, softwareName string) ([]byte, error) {
	if version < 4 {
		return []byte{uint8(b.redistDefault)}, nil
	}
	var buf []byte
	if version == 6 && softwareName == "" { // frr7.5
		buf = make([]byte, 9)
	} else if version > 4 {
		buf = make([]byte, 4)
	} else if version == 4 {
		buf = make([]byte, 3)
	}
	buf[0] = uint8(b.redistDefault)
	binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(buf[1:3], b.instance)
	if version == 6 && softwareName == "" { // frr7.5
		binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(buf[3:7], b.sessionID)
		buf[7] = b.receiveNotify
		buf[8] = b.synchronous
	} else if version > 4 {
		buf[3] = b.receiveNotify
	}
	return buf, nil
}

func (b *helloBody) string(version uint8, softwareName string) string {
	return fmt.Sprintf(
		"route_type: %s, instance :%d",
		b.redistDefault.String(), b.instance)
}

type redistributeBody struct {
	afi      afi
	redist   RouteType
	instance uint16
}

//  Ref: zebra_redistribute_add in zebra/redistribute.c of Quagga1.2&FRR3&FRR5 (ZAPI3&4&5)
func (b *redistributeBody) decodeFromBytes(data []byte, version uint8, softwareName string) error {
	if version <= 3 {
		b.redist = RouteType(data[0])
	} else { // version >= 4
		b.afi = afi(data[0])
		b.redist = RouteType(data[1])
		b.instance = binary.BigEndian.Uint16(data[2:4])
	}
	return nil
}

//  Ref: zebra_redistribute_send in lib/zclient.c of Quagga1.2&FRR3&FRR5 (ZAPI3&4&5)
func (b *redistributeBody) serialize(version uint8, softwareName string) ([]byte, error) {
	if version < 4 {
		return []byte{uint8(b.redist)}, nil
	}
	buf := make([]byte, 4)
	buf[0] = uint8(b.afi)
	buf[1] = uint8(b.redist)
	binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(buf[2:4], b.instance)
	return buf, nil
}

func (b *redistributeBody) string(version uint8, softwareName string) string {
	return fmt.Sprintf(
		"afi: %s, route_type: %s, instance :%d",
		b.afi.String(), b.redist.String(), b.instance)
}

type linkParam struct {
	status      uint32
	teMetric    uint32
	maxBw       float32
	maxRsvBw    float32
	unrsvBw     [8]float32
	bwClassNum  uint32
	adminGroup  uint32
	remoteAS    uint32
	remoteIP    net.IP
	aveDelay    uint32
	minDelay    uint32
	maxDelay    uint32
	delayVar    uint32
	pktLoss     float32
	residualBw  float32
	availableBw float32
	useBw       float32
}

type interfaceUpdateBody struct {
	name         string
	index        uint32
	status       interfaceStatus
	flags        uint64
	ptmEnable    ptmEnable
	ptmStatus    ptmStatus
	metric       uint32
	speed        uint32
	mtu          uint32
	mtu6         uint32
	bandwidth    uint32
	linkIfindex  uint32
	linktype     linkType
	hardwareAddr net.HardwareAddr
	linkParam    linkParam
}

//  Ref: zebra_interface_if_set_value in lib/zclient.c of Quagga1.2&FRR3&FRR5 (ZAPI3&4&5)
func (b *interfaceUpdateBody) decodeFromBytes(data []byte, version uint8, softwareName string) error {
	if len(data) < interfaceNameSize+33 {
		return fmt.Errorf("lack of bytes. need %d but %d", interfaceNameSize+29, len(data))
	}

	b.name = strings.Trim(string(data[:interfaceNameSize]), "\u0000")
	data = data[interfaceNameSize:]
	b.index = binary.BigEndian.Uint32(data[0:4])
	b.status = interfaceStatus(data[4])
	b.flags = binary.BigEndian.Uint64(data[5:13])
	if version > 3 {
		b.ptmEnable = ptmEnable(data[13])
		b.ptmStatus = ptmStatus(data[14])
		b.metric = binary.BigEndian.Uint32(data[15:19])
		b.speed = binary.BigEndian.Uint32(data[19:23])
		data = data[23:]
	} else {
		b.metric = binary.BigEndian.Uint32(data[13:17])
		data = data[17:]
	}
	b.mtu = binary.BigEndian.Uint32(data[0:4])
	b.mtu6 = binary.BigEndian.Uint32(data[4:8])
	b.bandwidth = binary.BigEndian.Uint32(data[8:12])
	data = data[12:]

	//frr 7.2 and later versions have link Ifindex
	if version == 6 && !(softwareName == "frr7" || softwareName == "frr6") {
		b.linkIfindex = binary.BigEndian.Uint32(data[:4])
		data = data[4:]
	}
	if version > 2 {
		b.linktype = linkType(binary.BigEndian.Uint32(data[:4]))
		data = data[4:]
	}
	l := binary.BigEndian.Uint32(data[:4])
	if l > 0 {
		if len(data) < 4+int(l) {
			return fmt.Errorf("lack of bytes in remain data. need %d but %d", 4+l, len(data))
		}
		b.hardwareAddr = data[4 : 4+l]
	}
	if version > 2 {
		linkParam := data[4+l]
		if linkParam > 0 {
			data = data[5+l:]
			b.linkParam.status = binary.BigEndian.Uint32(data[0:4])
			b.linkParam.teMetric = binary.BigEndian.Uint32(data[4:8])
			b.linkParam.maxBw = math.Float32frombits(binary.BigEndian.Uint32(data[8:12]))
			b.linkParam.maxRsvBw = math.Float32frombits(binary.BigEndian.Uint32(data[12:16]))
			b.linkParam.bwClassNum = binary.BigEndian.Uint32(data[16:20])
			for i := uint32(0); i < b.linkParam.bwClassNum; i++ {
				b.linkParam.unrsvBw[i] = math.Float32frombits(binary.BigEndian.Uint32(data[20+i*4 : 24+i*4]))
			}
			data = data[20+b.linkParam.bwClassNum*4:]
			b.linkParam.adminGroup = binary.BigEndian.Uint32(data[0:4])
			b.linkParam.remoteAS = binary.BigEndian.Uint32(data[4:8])
			b.linkParam.remoteIP = data[8:12]
			b.linkParam.aveDelay = binary.BigEndian.Uint32(data[12:16])
			b.linkParam.minDelay = binary.BigEndian.Uint32(data[16:20])
			b.linkParam.maxDelay = binary.BigEndian.Uint32(data[20:24])
			b.linkParam.delayVar = binary.BigEndian.Uint32(data[24:28])
			b.linkParam.pktLoss = math.Float32frombits(binary.BigEndian.Uint32(data[28:32]))
			b.linkParam.residualBw = math.Float32frombits(binary.BigEndian.Uint32(data[32:36]))
			b.linkParam.availableBw = math.Float32frombits(binary.BigEndian.Uint32(data[36:40]))
			b.linkParam.useBw = math.Float32frombits(binary.BigEndian.Uint32(data[40:44]))
		}
	}
	return nil
}

func (b *interfaceUpdateBody) serialize(version uint8, softwareName string) ([]byte, error) {
	return []byte{}, nil
}

func (b *interfaceUpdateBody) string(version uint8, softwareName string) string {
	s := fmt.Sprintf(
		"name: %s, idx: %d, status: %s, flags: %s, ptm_enable: %s, ptm_status: %s, metric: %d, speed: %d, mtu: %d, mtu6: %d, bandwidth: %d, linktype: %s",
		b.name, b.index, b.status.String(), intfflag2string(b.flags), b.ptmEnable.String(), b.ptmStatus.String(), b.metric, b.speed, b.mtu, b.mtu6, b.bandwidth, b.linktype.String())
	if len(b.hardwareAddr) > 0 {
		return s + fmt.Sprintf(", mac: %s", b.hardwareAddr.String())
	}
	return s
}

type interfaceAddressUpdateBody struct {
	index       uint32
	flags       interfaceAddressFlag
	prefix      net.IP
	length      uint8
	destination net.IP
}

//  Ref: zebra_interface_address_read in lib/zclient.c of Quagga1.2&FRR3&FRR5 (ZAPI3&4&5)
func (b *interfaceAddressUpdateBody) decodeFromBytes(data []byte, version uint8, softwareName string) error {
	b.index = binary.BigEndian.Uint32(data[:4])
	b.flags = interfaceAddressFlag(data[4])
	family := data[5]
	addrlen, err := addressByteLength(family)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	b.prefix = data[6 : 6+addrlen]
	b.length = data[6+addrlen]
	b.destination = data[7+addrlen : 7+addrlen*2]
	return nil
}

func (b *interfaceAddressUpdateBody) serialize(version uint8, softwareName string) ([]byte, error) {
	return []byte{}, nil
}

func (b *interfaceAddressUpdateBody) string(version uint8, softwareName string) string {
	return fmt.Sprintf(
		"idx: %d, flags: %s, addr: %s/%d",
		b.index, b.flags.String(), b.prefix.String(), b.length)
}

type routerIDUpdateBody struct {
	length uint8
	prefix net.IP
	afi    afi
}

//  Ref: zebra_router_id_update_read in lib/zclient.c of Quagga1.2&FRR3&FRR5 (ZAPI3&4&5)
func (b *routerIDUpdateBody) decodeFromBytes(data []byte, version uint8, softwareName string) error {
	family := data[0]

	addrlen, err := addressByteLength(family)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	b.prefix = data[1 : 1+addrlen]
	b.length = data[1+addrlen]
	return nil
}

// Ref: zclient_send_router_id_update in lib/zclient.c of FRR7.5
func (b *routerIDUpdateBody) serialize(version uint8, softwareName string) ([]byte, error) {
	if version == 6 && softwareName == "" {
		//stream_putw(s, afi);
		return []byte{0x00, uint8(b.afi)}, nil
	}
	return []byte{}, nil
}

func (b *routerIDUpdateBody) string(version uint8, softwareName string) string {
	return fmt.Sprintf("id: %s/%d", b.prefix.String(), b.length)
}

const (
	zapiNexthopFlagOnlink    uint8 = 0x01 // frr7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 7.4, 7.5
	zapiNexthopFlagLabel     uint8 = 0x02 // frr7.3, 7.4, 7.5
	zapiNexthopFlagWeight    uint8 = 0x04 // frr7.3, 7.4, 7.5
	zapiNexthopFlagHasBackup uint8 = 0x08 // frr7.4, 7.5

)

// Flag for nexthop processing. It is gobgp's internal flag.
type nexthopProcessFlag uint8

const (
	nexthopHasType                nexthopProcessFlag = 0x01
	nexthopHasVrfID               nexthopProcessFlag = 0x02
	nexthopHasFlag                nexthopProcessFlag = 0x04
	nexthopHasOnlink              nexthopProcessFlag = 0x08
	nexthopProcessIPToIPIFindex   nexthopProcessFlag = 0x10
	nexthopProcessIFnameToIFindex nexthopProcessFlag = 0x20 // for quagga
)

func nexthopProcessFlagForIPRouteBody(version uint8, softwareName string, isDecode bool) nexthopProcessFlag {
	if version < 5 {
		if isDecode {
			return nexthopProcessFlag(0) // frr3&quagga don't have type&vrfid
		}
		return nexthopHasType // frr3&quagga need type for encode(serialize)
	}
	processFlag := (nexthopHasVrfID | nexthopHasType) // frr4, 5, 6, 7
	if version == 6 {
		switch softwareName {
		case "", "frr7.3":
			processFlag |= (nexthopHasFlag | nexthopProcessIPToIPIFindex)
		case "frr7.2", "frr7.0":
			processFlag |= nexthopHasOnlink
		}
	}
	return processFlag
}

// Nexthop is referred in zclient (Ref: struct zapi_nexthop in lib/zclient.h of FRR5.x (ZAPI5))
type Nexthop struct {
	Type          nexthopType
	VrfID         uint32
	Ifindex       uint32 // Ifindex is referred in zclient_test
	Gate          net.IP
	flags         uint8
	blackholeType uint8
	LabelNum      uint8
	MplsLabels    []uint32
	weight        uint32
	rmac          [6]byte
	srteColor     uint32
	backupNum     uint8
	backupIndex   []uint8
}

func (n Nexthop) string() string {
	s := make([]string, 0)
	s = append(s, fmt.Sprintf(
		"type: %s, gate: %s, ifindex: %d, vrf_id: %d, label_num: %d",
		n.Type.String(), n.Gate.String(), n.Ifindex, n.VrfID, n.LabelNum))
	for i := uint8(0); i < n.LabelNum; i++ {
		s = append(s, fmt.Sprintf("label: %d", n.MplsLabels[i]))
	}
	return strings.Join(s, ", ")
}
func (n Nexthop) gateToType(version uint8) nexthopType {
	if n.Gate.To4() != nil {
		if version > 4 && n.Ifindex > 0 {
			return nexthopTypeIPv4IFIndex
		}
		return nexthopTypeIPv4.toEach(version)
	} else if n.Gate.To16() != nil {
		if version > 4 && n.Ifindex > 0 {
			return nexthopTypeIPv6IFIndex
		}
		return nexthopTypeIPv6.toEach(version)
	} else if n.Ifindex > 0 {
		return nexthopTypeIFIndex.toEach(version)
	} else if version > 4 {
		return nexthopTypeBlackhole
	}
	return nexthopType(0)
}

// Ref: zapi_nexthop_encode in lib/zclient.h of FRR7.3
func (n Nexthop) encode(version uint8, softwareName string, processFlag nexthopProcessFlag, message MessageFlag, apiFlag Flag) []byte {
	var buf []byte
	if processFlag&nexthopHasVrfID > 0 {
		tmpbuf := make([]byte, 4)
		binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(tmpbuf, n.VrfID)
		buf = append(buf, tmpbuf...) //frr: stream_putl(s, api_nh->vrf_id);
	}
	if processFlag&nexthopHasType > 0 {
		if n.Type == nexthopType(0) {
			n.Type = n.gateToType(version)
		}
		buf = append(buf, uint8(n.Type)) //frr: stream_putc(s, api_nh->type);
	}
	if processFlag&nexthopHasFlag > 0 {
		if n.LabelNum > 0 {
			n.flags |= zapiNexthopFlagLabel
		}
		if n.weight > 0 {
			n.flags |= zapiNexthopFlagWeight
		}
		if n.backupNum > 0 {
			n.flags |= zapiNexthopFlagHasBackup
		}
	}
	if processFlag&nexthopHasFlag > 0 || processFlag&nexthopHasOnlink > 0 {
		// frr7.1, 7.2 has onlink, 7.3 has flag
		buf = append(buf, n.flags) //frr: stream_putc(s, nh_flags);
	}

	nhType := n.Type
	if processFlag&nexthopProcessIPToIPIFindex > 0 {
		nhType = nhType.ipToIPIFIndex()
	}
	if processFlag&nexthopProcessIFnameToIFindex > 0 {
		nhType = nhType.ifNameToIFIndex()
	}
	if nhType == nexthopTypeIPv4.toEach(version) ||
		nhType == nexthopTypeIPv4IFIndex.toEach(version) {
		//frr: stream_put_in_addr(s, &api_nh->gate.ipv4);
		buf = append(buf, n.Gate.To4()...)
	} else if nhType == nexthopTypeIPv6.toEach(version) ||
		nhType == nexthopTypeIPv6IFIndex.toEach(version) {
		//frr: stream_write(s, (uint8_t *)&api_nh->gate.ipv6, 16);
		buf = append(buf, n.Gate.To16()...)
	}
	if nhType == nexthopTypeIFIndex ||
		nhType == nexthopTypeIPv4IFIndex.toEach(version) ||
		nhType == nexthopTypeIPv6IFIndex.toEach(version) {
		tmpbuf := make([]byte, 4)
		binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(tmpbuf, n.Ifindex)
		buf = append(buf, tmpbuf...) //frr: stream_putl(s, api_nh->ifindex);
	}
	if nhType == nexthopTypeBlackhole.toEach(version) {
		//frr: stream_putc(s, api_nh->bh_type);
		buf = append(buf, uint8(n.blackholeType))
	}
	if n.flags&zapiNexthopFlagLabel > 0 || (message&MessageLabel > 0 &&
		(version == 5 || version == 6 &&
			(softwareName == "frr6" || softwareName == "frr7" ||
				softwareName == "frr7.2"))) {
		tmpbuf := make([]byte, 1+4*n.LabelNum)
		tmpbuf[0] = n.LabelNum //frr: stream_putc(s, api_nh->label_num);
		for i := uint8(0); i < n.LabelNum; i++ {
			// frr uses stream_put for mpls label array.
			// stream_put is unaware of byteorder coversion.
			// Therefore LittleEndian is used instead of BigEndian.
			binary.LittleEndian.PutUint32(tmpbuf[i*4+1:], n.MplsLabels[i])
		}
		//frr: stream_put(s, &api_nh->labels[0], api_nh->label_num * sizeof(mpls_label_t));
		buf = append(buf, tmpbuf...)
	}
	if n.flags&zapiNexthopFlagWeight > 0 && n.weight > 0 {
		tmpbuf := make([]byte, 4)
		binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(tmpbuf, uint32(n.weight))
		buf = append(buf, tmpbuf...) //frr: stream_putl(s, api_nh->weight);
	}
	if apiFlag&flagEvpnRoute.ToEach(version, softwareName) > 0 {
		//frr: stream_put(s, &(api_nh->rmac), sizeof(struct ethaddr));
		buf = append(buf, n.rmac[:]...)
	}
	// added in frr7.5 (Color for Segment Routing TE.)
	if message&messageSRTE > 0 && (version == 6 && softwareName == "") {
		tmpbuf := make([]byte, 4)
		binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(tmpbuf, uint32(n.srteColor))
		buf = append(buf, tmpbuf...) //frr: stream_putl(s, api_nh->srte_color);
	}
	if n.flags&zapiNexthopFlagHasBackup > 0 {
		tmpbuf := make([]byte, 1+1*n.backupNum)
		tmpbuf[0] = n.backupNum //frr: stream_putc(s, api_nh->backup_num);
		for i := uint8(0); i < n.backupNum; i++ {
			tmpbuf[i+1] = n.backupIndex[i]
		}
		buf = append(buf, tmpbuf...)
	}
	return buf
}

// Ref: zapi_nexthop_decode in lib/zclient.h of FRR7.3
func (n *Nexthop) decode(data []byte, version uint8, softwareName string, family uint8, processFlag nexthopProcessFlag, message MessageFlag, apiFlag Flag, nhType nexthopType) (int, error) {
	offset := 0
	if processFlag&nexthopHasVrfID > 0 {
		//frr: STREAM_GETL(s, api_nh->vrf_id);
		n.VrfID = binary.BigEndian.Uint32(data[offset : offset+4])
		offset += 4
	}

	n.Type = nhType // data does not have nexthop type
	if processFlag&nexthopHasType > 0 {
		n.Type = nexthopType(data[offset]) //frr: STREAM_GETC(s, api_nh->type);
		offset++
	}

	n.flags = uint8(0)
	if processFlag&nexthopHasFlag > 0 || processFlag&nexthopHasOnlink > 0 {
		n.flags = uint8(data[offset]) //frr: STREAM_GETC(s, api_nh->flags);
		offset++
	}

	nhType = n.Type
	if processFlag&nexthopProcessIPToIPIFindex > 0 {
		nhType = nhType.ipToIPIFIndex()
	}
	if processFlag&nexthopProcessIFnameToIFindex > 0 {
		nhType = nhType.ifNameToIFIndex()
	}
	if family == syscall.AF_INET {
		n.Gate = net.ParseIP("0.0.0.0")
	} else if family == syscall.AF_INET6 {
		n.Gate = net.ParseIP("::")
	}
	if nhType == nexthopTypeIPv4.toEach(version) ||
		nhType == nexthopTypeIPv4IFIndex.toEach(version) {
		//frr: STREAM_GET(&api_nh->gate.ipv4.s_addr, s, IPV4_MAX_BYTELEN);
		n.Gate = net.IP(data[offset : offset+4]).To4()
		offset += 4
	} else if nhType == nexthopTypeIPv6.toEach(version) ||
		nhType == nexthopTypeIPv6IFIndex.toEach(version) {
		//frr: STREAM_GET(&api_nh->gate.ipv6, s, 16);
		n.Gate = net.IP(data[offset : offset+16]).To16()
		offset += 16
	}
	if nhType == nexthopTypeIFIndex ||
		nhType == nexthopTypeIPv4IFIndex.toEach(version) ||
		nhType == nexthopTypeIPv6IFIndex.toEach(version) {
		//frr: STREAM_GETL(s, api_nh->ifindex);
		n.Ifindex = binary.BigEndian.Uint32(data[offset : offset+4])
		offset += 4
	}
	if nhType == nexthopTypeBlackhole.toEach(version) {
		n.blackholeType = data[offset] //frr: STREAM_GETC(s, api_nh->bh_type);
		offset++
	}
	if n.flags&zapiNexthopFlagLabel > 0 || (message&MessageLabel > 0 &&
		(version == 5 || version == 6 &&
			(softwareName == "frr6" || softwareName == "frr7" ||
				softwareName == "frr7.2"))) {
		n.LabelNum = uint8(data[offset]) //frr: STREAM_GETC(s, api_nh->label_num);
		offset++
		if n.LabelNum > maxMplsLabel {
			n.LabelNum = maxMplsLabel
		}
		if n.LabelNum > 0 {
			n.MplsLabels = make([]uint32, n.LabelNum)
			for i := uint8(0); i < n.LabelNum; i++ {
				// frr uses stream_put which is unaware of byteorder for mpls label array.
				// Therefore LittleEndian is used instead of BigEndian.
				//frr: STREAM_GET(&api_nh->labels[0], s, api_nh->label_num * sizeof(mpls_label_t));
				n.MplsLabels[i] = binary.LittleEndian.Uint32(data[offset : offset+4])
				offset += 4
			}
		}
	}
	if n.flags&zapiNexthopFlagWeight > 0 {
		//frr: STREAM_GETL(s, api_nh->weight);
		n.weight = binary.BigEndian.Uint32(data[offset:])
		offset += 4
	}
	if apiFlag&flagEvpnRoute.ToEach(version, softwareName) > 0 {
		//frr: STREAM_GET(&(api_nh->rmac), s, sizeof(struct ethaddr));
		copy(n.rmac[0:], data[offset:offset+6])
		offset += 6
	}
	// added in frr7.5 (Color for Segment Routing TE.)
	if message&messageSRTE > 0 && (version == 6 && softwareName == "") {
		//STREAM_GETL(s, api_nh->srte_color);
		n.srteColor = binary.BigEndian.Uint32(data[offset:])
		offset += 4
	}
	// added in frr7.4 (Index of backup nexthop)
	if n.flags&zapiNexthopFlagHasBackup > 0 {
		n.backupNum = data[offset] //frr: STREAM_GETC(s, api_nh->backup_num);
		offset++
		if n.backupNum > 0 {
			n.backupIndex = make([]uint8, n.backupNum)
			for i := uint8(0); i < n.backupNum; i++ {
				//frr STREAM_GETC(s, api_nh->backup_idx[i]);
				n.backupIndex[i] = data[offset]
				offset++
			}
		}
	}
	return offset, nil
}

// Ref: zapi_nexthop_decode in lib/zclient.h
// decodeNexthops is referred from decodeFromBytes of NexthopUpdateBody and IPRouteBody
func decodeNexthops(nexthops *[]Nexthop, data []byte, version uint8, softwareName string, family uint8, numNexthop uint16, processFlag nexthopProcessFlag, message MessageFlag, apiFlag Flag, nhType nexthopType) (int, error) {
	offset := 0
	*nexthops = make([]Nexthop, numNexthop)
	for i := uint16(0); i < numNexthop; i++ {
		size, err := (&((*nexthops)[i])).decode(data[offset:], version, softwareName, family, processFlag, message, apiFlag, nhType)
		if err != nil {
			return offset, err
		}
		offset += size
	}
	return offset, nil
}

// Prefix referred in zclient is struct for network prefix and relate information
type Prefix struct {
	Family    uint8
	PrefixLen uint8
	Prefix    net.IP
}

func familyFromPrefix(prefix net.IP) uint8 {
	if prefix.To4() != nil {
		return syscall.AF_INET
	} else if prefix.To16() != nil {
		return syscall.AF_INET6
	}
	return syscall.AF_UNSPEC
}

// IPRouteBody is struct for IPRotue (zapi_route)
type IPRouteBody struct {
	Type           RouteType
	instance       uint16
	Flags          Flag
	Message        MessageFlag
	Safi           Safi
	Prefix         Prefix
	srcPrefix      Prefix
	Nexthops       []Nexthop
	backupNexthops []Nexthop // added in frr7.4
	Distance       uint8
	Metric         uint32
	Mtu            uint32
	tag            uint32
	tableID        uint32
	srteColor      uint32
	API            APIType // API is referred in zclient_test
}

func (b *IPRouteBody) safi(version uint8, software string) Safi {
	// frr 7.2 and later versions have safiUnspec, older versions don't have safiUnspec
	if b.Safi == safiUnspec && (version < 6 || software == "frr6" || software == "frr7") {
		return SafiUnicast //safiUnspec is regarded as safiUnicast in older versions
	}
	if b.Safi <= safiMulticast || version > 4 { // not need to convert
		return b.Safi
	}
	safiMap := zapi4SafiMap
	if version < 4 {
		safiMap = zapi3SafiMap
	}
	safi, ok := safiMap[b.Safi]
	if !ok {
		safi = safiUnspec // failed to convert
	}
	log.WithFields(log.Fields{
		"Topic": "Zebra",
		"Body":  b,
	}).Debugf("zebra converts safi: %s -> %s", b.Safi.String(), safi.String())
	return safi // success to convert
}

// RouteFamily is referred in zclient
func (b *IPRouteBody) RouteFamily(version uint8, softwareName string) bgp.RouteFamily {
	if b == nil {
		return bgp.RF_OPAQUE // fail
	}
	safi := b.safi(version, softwareName)
	if safi == safiEvpn {
		return bgp.RF_EVPN // sucess
	}
	family := b.Prefix.Family
	if family == syscall.AF_UNSPEC {
		family = familyFromPrefix(b.Prefix.Prefix)
	}
	if family == syscall.AF_UNSPEC { // familyFromPrefix returs AF_UNSPEC
		return bgp.RF_OPAQUE // fail
	}
	safiRouteFamilyMap := safiRouteFamilyIPv4Map // syscall.AF_INET
	if family == syscall.AF_INET6 {
		safiRouteFamilyMap = safiRouteFamilyIPv6Map
	}
	rf, ok := safiRouteFamilyMap[safi]
	if !ok {
		return bgp.RF_OPAQUE // fail
	}
	log.WithFields(log.Fields{
		"Topic": "Zebra",
		"Body":  b,
	}).Debugf("zebra converts safi:%s -> rf: %s", safi.String(), rf.String())
	return rf // sucess
}

// IsWithdraw is referred in zclient
func (b *IPRouteBody) IsWithdraw(version uint8, softwareName string) bool {
	api := b.API.toCommon(version, softwareName)
	switch api {
	case RouteDelete, redistributeRouteDel, BackwardIPv6RouteDelete:
		return true
	}
	if version == 4 && b.API == zapi4RedistributeIPv6Del {
		return true
	}
	return false
}

// Ref: zapi_ipv4_route in lib/zclient.c  of Quagga1.2.x&FRR3.x(ZAPI3&4)
// Ref: zapi_route_encode in lib/zclient.c of FRR5.x (ZAPI5)
func (b *IPRouteBody) serialize(version uint8, softwareName string) ([]byte, error) {
	var buf []byte
	numNexthop := len(b.Nexthops)

	bufInitSize := 12
	switch version {
	case 2, 3:
		bufInitSize = 5
	case 4:
		bufInitSize = 10
	case 5:
		bufInitSize = 9 //type(1)+instance(2)+flags(4)+message(1)+safi(1)
	case 6:
		switch softwareName {
		case "frr6", "frr7", "frr7.2", "frr7.3":
			bufInitSize = 9 //type(1)+instance(2)+flags(4)+message(1)+safi(1)
		default:
			bufInitSize = 12 //type(1)+instance(2)+flags(4)+message(4)+safi(1)
		}
	}
	buf = make([]byte, bufInitSize)

	buf[0] = uint8(b.Type.toEach(version, softwareName)) //frr: stream_putc(s, api->type);
	if version < 4 {
		buf[1] = uint8(b.Flags)
		buf[2] = uint8(b.Message)
		binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(buf[3:5], uint16(b.Safi))
	} else { // version >= 4
		//frr: stream_putw(s, api->instance);
		binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(buf[1:3], uint16(b.instance))
		//frr: stream_putl(s, api->flags);
		binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(buf[3:7], uint32(b.Flags))
		if version == 6 && softwareName == "" {
			//frr7.5: stream_putl(s, api->message);
			binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(buf[7:11], uint32(b.Message))
			buf[11] = uint8(b.Safi)
		} else {
			//before frr7.4: stream_putc(s, api->message);
			buf[7] = uint8(b.Message)
			if version > 4 {
				//frr: stream_putc(s, api->safi);
				buf[8] = uint8(b.Safi)
			} else { // version 2,3 and 4 (quagga, frr3)
				binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(buf[8:10], uint16(b.Safi))
			}
		}
	}
	// only zapi version 5 (frr4.0.x) have evpn routes
	if version == 5 && b.Flags&flagEvpnRoute.ToEach(version, softwareName) > 0 {
		// size of struct ethaddr is 6 octets defined by ETH_ALEN
		buf = append(buf, b.Nexthops[numNexthop-1].rmac[:6]...)
	}
	if version > 4 { // version 5, 6 (after frr4)
		if b.Prefix.Family == syscall.AF_UNSPEC {
			b.Prefix.Family = familyFromPrefix(b.Prefix.Prefix)
		}
		//frr: stream_putc(s, api->prefix.family);
		buf = append(buf, b.Prefix.Family)
	}
	byteLen := (int(b.Prefix.PrefixLen) + 7) / 8
	buf = append(buf, b.Prefix.PrefixLen) //frr: stream_putc(s, api->prefix.prefixlen);
	//frr: stream_write(s, (uint8_t *)&api->prefix.u.prefix, psize);
	buf = append(buf, b.Prefix.Prefix[:byteLen]...)

	if version > 3 && b.Message&messageSRCPFX.ToEach(version) > 0 {
		byteLen = (int(b.srcPrefix.PrefixLen) + 7) / 8
		//frr: stream_putc(s, api->src_prefix.prefixlen);
		buf = append(buf, b.srcPrefix.PrefixLen)
		//frr: stream_write(s, (uint8_t *)&api->prefix.u.prefix, psize);
		buf = append(buf, b.srcPrefix.Prefix[:byteLen]...)
	}

	processFlag := nexthopProcessFlagForIPRouteBody(version, softwareName, false)
	if b.Message&MessageNexthop > 0 {
		if version < 5 {
			if b.Flags&flagBlackhole > 0 {
				buf = append(buf, []byte{1, uint8(nexthopTypeBlackhole.toEach(version))}...)
			} else {
				buf = append(buf, uint8(numNexthop))
			}
		} else { // version >= 5
			tmpbuf := make([]byte, 2)
			binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(tmpbuf, uint16(numNexthop))
			buf = append(buf, tmpbuf...) //frr: stream_putw(s, api->nexthop_num);
		}
		for _, nexthop := range b.Nexthops {
			buf = append(buf, nexthop.encode(version, softwareName, processFlag, b.Message, b.Flags)...)
		}
	}
	// MESSAGE_BACKUP_NEXTHOPS is added in frr7.4
	if version == 6 && softwareName == "" && b.Message&messageBackupNexthops > 0 {
		tmpbuf := make([]byte, 2)
		binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(tmpbuf, uint16(len(b.backupNexthops)))
		buf = append(buf, tmpbuf...) //frr: stream_putw(s, api->nexthop_num);
		for _, nexthop := range b.backupNexthops {
			buf = append(buf, nexthop.encode(version, softwareName, processFlag, b.Message, b.Flags)...)
		}
	}
	if b.Message&MessageDistance.ToEach(version) > 0 {
		buf = append(buf, b.Distance)
	}
	if b.Message&MessageMetric.ToEach(version) > 0 {
		tmpbuf := make([]byte, 4)
		binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(tmpbuf, b.Metric)
		buf = append(buf, tmpbuf...)
	}
	if b.Message&messageTag.ToEach(version) > 0 {
		tmpbuf := make([]byte, 4)
		binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(tmpbuf, b.tag)
		buf = append(buf, tmpbuf...)
	}
	if b.Message&MessageMTU.ToEach(version) > 0 {
		tmpbuf := make([]byte, 4)
		binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(tmpbuf, b.Mtu)
		buf = append(buf, tmpbuf...)
	}
	if b.Message&messageTableID.ToEach(version) > 0 {
		tmpbuf := make([]byte, 4)
		binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(tmpbuf, b.tableID)
		buf = append(buf, tmpbuf...)
	}
	return buf, nil
}

func (b *IPRouteBody) decodeMessageNexthopFromBytes(data []byte, version uint8, softwareName string, isBackup bool) (int, error) {
	pos := 0
	rest := len(data)
	message := MessageNexthop
	nexthops := &b.Nexthops
	messageString := "MessageNexthop"
	if isBackup {
		message = messageBackupNexthops
		nexthops = &b.backupNexthops
		messageString = "messageBackupNexthops"
	}
	if b.Message&message > 0 {
		numNexthop := uint16(0)
		numNexthopDataSize := 2
		processFlag := nexthopProcessFlagForIPRouteBody(version, softwareName, true)
		nhType := nexthopType(0)
		if message == MessageNexthop && version < 5 { // frr3 and quagga
			numNexthopDataSize = 1
			nhType = nexthopTypeIPv4.toEach(version)
			if b.Prefix.Family == syscall.AF_INET6 {
				nhType = nexthopTypeIPv6.toEach(version)
			}
		}
		if pos+numNexthopDataSize > rest {
			return pos, fmt.Errorf("%s message length invalid pos:%d rest:%d", messageString, pos, rest)
		}
		if numNexthopDataSize == 2 {
			//frr: STREAM_GETW(s, api->nexthop_num);
			numNexthop = binary.BigEndian.Uint16(data[pos : pos+2])
		} else if message == MessageNexthop && numNexthopDataSize == 1 {
			numNexthop = uint16(data[pos])
		}
		pos += numNexthopDataSize

		nexthopsByteLen, err := decodeNexthops(nexthops, data[pos:], version, softwareName, b.Prefix.Family, numNexthop, processFlag, b.Message, b.Flags, nhType)
		if err != nil {
			return pos, err
		}
		pos += nexthopsByteLen
	}
	return pos, nil
}

// Ref: zebra_read_ipv4 in bgpd/bgp_zebra.c of Quagga1.2.x&FRR3.x(ZAPI3&4)
// Ref: zapi_route_decode in lib/zclient.c of FRR5.x (ZAPI5)
func (b *IPRouteBody) decodeFromBytes(data []byte, version uint8, softwareName string) error {
	if b == nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("IPRouteBody is nil")
	}
	//frr: STREAM_GETC(s, api->type);
	b.Type = RouteType(data[0])
	if b.Type > getRouteAll(version, softwareName) { //ver5 and later work, fix for older
		return fmt.Errorf("unknown route type: %d in version: %d (%s)", b.Type, version, softwareName)
	}

	if version <= 3 {
		b.Flags = Flag(data[1])
		data = data[2:]
	} else { // version >= 4
		//frr: STREAM_GETW(s, api->instance);
		b.instance = binary.BigEndian.Uint16(data[1:3])
		//frr: STREAM_GETL(s, api->flags);
		b.Flags = Flag(binary.BigEndian.Uint32(data[3:7]))
		data = data[7:]
	}
	if version == 6 && softwareName == "" {
		//frr7.5: STREAM_GETL(s, api->message);
		b.Message = MessageFlag(binary.BigEndian.Uint32(data[0:4]))
		data = data[4:]
	} else {
		b.Message = MessageFlag(data[0]) //frr: STREAM_GETC(s, api->message);
		data = data[1:]
	}
	b.Safi = Safi(SafiUnicast)
	b.Prefix.Family = b.API.addressFamily(version) // return AF_UNSPEC if version > 4
	var evpnNexthop Nexthop
	if version > 4 {
		b.Safi = Safi(data[0]) //frr: STREAM_GETC(s, api->safi);
		if b.Safi > safiMax {  //frr5 and later work, ToDo: fix for older version
			return fmt.Errorf("unknown safi type: %d in version: %d (%s)", b.Type, version, softwareName)
		}
		data = data[1:]

		// zapi version 5 only
		if version == 5 && b.Flags&flagEvpnRoute.ToEach(version, softwareName) > 0 {
			// size of struct ethaddr is 6 octets defined by ETH_ALEN
			copy(evpnNexthop.rmac[0:6], data[0:6])
			data = data[6:]
		}

		b.Prefix.Family = data[0] //frr: STREAM_GETC(s, api->prefix.family);
		data = data[1:]
	}

	addrByteLen, err := addressByteLength(b.Prefix.Family)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	addrBitLen := uint8(addrByteLen * 8)

	b.Prefix.PrefixLen = data[0] //frr: STREAM_GETC(s, api->prefix.prefixlen);
	if b.Prefix.PrefixLen > addrBitLen {
		return fmt.Errorf("prefix length %d is greater than %d", b.Prefix.PrefixLen, addrBitLen)
	}
	data = data[1:]
	pos := 0
	rest := len(data)

	buf := make([]byte, addrByteLen)
	byteLen := int((b.Prefix.PrefixLen + 7) / 8)
	if pos+byteLen > rest {
		return fmt.Errorf("message length invalid pos:%d rest:%d", pos, rest)
	}
	//frr: STREAM_GET(&api->prefix.u.prefix, s, PSIZE(api->prefix.prefixlen));
	copy(buf, data[pos:pos+byteLen])
	b.Prefix.Prefix = ipFromFamily(b.Prefix.Family, buf)
	pos += byteLen

	if version > 3 && b.Message&messageSRCPFX.ToEach(version) > 0 {
		if pos+1 > rest {
			return fmt.Errorf("MessageSRCPFX message length invalid pos:%d rest:%d", pos, rest)
		}
		//frr: STREAM_GETC(s, api->src_prefix.prefixlen);
		b.srcPrefix.PrefixLen = data[pos]
		if b.srcPrefix.PrefixLen > addrBitLen {
			return fmt.Errorf("prefix length is greater than %d", addrByteLen*8)
		}
		pos++
		buf = make([]byte, addrByteLen)
		byteLen = int((b.srcPrefix.PrefixLen + 7) / 8)
		if pos+byteLen > rest {
			return fmt.Errorf("MessageSRCPFX message length invalid pos:%d rest:%d", pos, rest)
		}
		//frr: STREAM_GET(&api->src_prefix.prefix, s, PSIZE(api->src_prefix.prefixlen));
		copy(buf, data[pos:pos+byteLen])
		b.srcPrefix.Prefix = ipFromFamily(b.Prefix.Family, buf)
		pos += byteLen
	}

	b.Nexthops = []Nexthop{}
	if b.Message&MessageNexthop.ToEach(version) > 0 {
		offset, err := b.decodeMessageNexthopFromBytes(data[pos:], version, softwareName, false)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		pos += offset
	}

	b.backupNexthops = []Nexthop{} // backupNexthops is added in frr7.4
	if b.Message&messageBackupNexthops.ToEach(version) > 0 {
		offset, err := b.decodeMessageNexthopFromBytes(data[pos:], version, softwareName, true)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		pos += offset
	}

	// version 5 only, In version 6, EvpnRoute is processed in MessageNexthop
	if version == 5 && b.Flags&flagEvpnRoute.ToEach(version, softwareName) > 0 {
		b.Nexthops = append(b.Nexthops, evpnNexthop)
	}

	if version < 5 && b.Message&messageIFIndex > 0 { // version 4, 3, 2
		if pos+1 > rest {
			return fmt.Errorf("MessageIFIndex message length invalid pos:%d rest:%d", pos, rest)
		}
		numIfIndex := uint8(data[pos])
		pos++
		for i := 0; i < int(numIfIndex); i++ {
			if pos+4 > rest {
				return fmt.Errorf("MessageIFIndex message length invalid pos:%d rest:%d", pos, rest)
			}
			var nexthop Nexthop
			nexthop.Ifindex = binary.BigEndian.Uint32(data[pos : pos+4])
			nexthop.Type = nexthopTypeIFIndex
			b.Nexthops = append(b.Nexthops, nexthop)
			pos += 4
		}
	}

	if b.Message&MessageDistance.ToEach(version) > 0 {
		if pos+1 > rest {
			return fmt.Errorf("MessageDistance message length invalid pos:%d rest:%d", pos, rest)
		}
		b.Distance = data[pos] //frr: STREAM_GETC(s, api->distance);
		pos++
	}
	if b.Message&MessageMetric.ToEach(version) > 0 {
		if pos+4 > rest {
			return fmt.Errorf("MessageMetric message length invalid pos:%d rest:%d", pos, rest)
		}
		//frr: STREAM_GETL(s, api->metric);
		b.Metric = binary.BigEndian.Uint32(data[pos : pos+4])
		pos += 4
	}
	if b.Message&messageTag.ToEach(version) > 0 {
		if pos+4 > rest {
			return fmt.Errorf("MessageTag message length invalid pos:%d rest:%d", pos, rest)
		}
		//frr: STREAM_GETL(s, api->tag);
		b.tag = binary.BigEndian.Uint32(data[pos : pos+4])
		pos += 4
	}
	//frr3 and quagga does not have MESSAGE_MTU
	if b.Message&MessageMTU.ToEach(version) > 0 {
		if pos+4 > rest {
			return fmt.Errorf("MessageMTU message length invalid pos:%d rest:%d", pos, rest)
		}
		//frr: STREAM_GETL(s, api->mtu);
		b.Mtu = binary.BigEndian.Uint32(data[pos : pos+4])
		pos += 4
	}
	//frr5 and later version have MESSAGE_TABLEID
	if b.Message&messageTableID.ToEach(version) > 0 {
		if pos+4 > rest {
			return fmt.Errorf("MessageTableID message length invalid pos:%d rest:%d", pos, rest)
		}
		//frr: STREAM_GETL(s, api->mtu);
		b.Mtu = binary.BigEndian.Uint32(data[pos : pos+4])
		pos += 4
	}

	if pos != rest {
		return fmt.Errorf("message length invalid (last) pos:%d rest:%d, message:%#x", pos, rest, b.Message)
	}
	return nil
}

func (b *IPRouteBody) string(version uint8, softwareName string) string {
	s := fmt.Sprintf(
		"type: %s, instance: %d, flags: %s, message: %d(%s), safi: %s, prefix: %s/%d, src_prefix: %s/%d",
		b.Type.String(), b.instance, b.Flags.String(version, softwareName), b.Message, b.Message.string(version, softwareName), b.Safi.String(), b.Prefix.Prefix.String(), b.Prefix.PrefixLen, b.srcPrefix.Prefix.String(), b.srcPrefix.PrefixLen)
	for i, nh := range b.Nexthops {
		s += fmt.Sprintf(", nexthops[%d]: %s", i, nh.string())
	}
	return s + fmt.Sprintf(
		", distance: %d, metric: %d, mtu: %d, tag: %d",
		b.Distance, b.Metric, b.Mtu, b.tag)
}

// lookupBody is combination of nexthopLookupBody and imporetLookupBody
type lookupBody struct {
	api          APIType
	prefixLength uint8  // importLookup serialize only
	addr         net.IP //it is same as prefix (it is deleted from importLookup)
	distance     uint8  // nexthopIPv4LookupMRIB only
	metric       uint32
	nexthops     []Nexthop
}

// Quagga only. Ref: zread_ipv4_(nexthop|import_lookup) in zebra/zserv.c
func (b *lookupBody) serialize(version uint8, softwareName string) ([]byte, error) {
	buf := make([]byte, 0)
	if b.api == zapi3IPv4ImportLookup {
		buf = append(buf, b.prefixLength)
	}
	switch b.api {
	case ipv4NexthopLookupMRIB, zapi3IPv4NexthopLookup, zapi3IPv4ImportLookup:
		buf = append(buf, b.addr.To4()...)
	case zapi3IPv6NexthopLookup:
		buf = append(buf, b.addr.To16()...)
	}
	return buf, nil
}

// Quagga only(except ipv4NexthopLookupMRIB).
// Ref: zsend_ipv[4|6]_(nexthop|import)_lookup in zebra/zserv.c
func (b *lookupBody) decodeFromBytes(data []byte, version uint8, softwareName string) error {
	family := uint8(syscall.AF_INET)
	if b.api == zapi3IPv6NexthopLookup {
		family = syscall.AF_INET6
	}
	addrByteLen, _ := addressByteLength(family)
	requiredLen := 5 //metric(4), numNexthop(1)
	hasDistance := false
	if b.api == ipv4NexthopLookupMRIB.ToEach(version, softwareName) {
		requiredLen++ //distance
		hasDistance = true
	}
	if len(data) < addrByteLen+requiredLen {
		return fmt.Errorf("message length invalid")
	}
	buf := make([]byte, addrByteLen)
	copy(buf, data[0:addrByteLen])
	pos := addrByteLen
	b.addr = ipFromFamily(family, buf)
	if hasDistance {
		b.distance = data[pos]
		pos++
	}
	b.metric = binary.BigEndian.Uint32(data[pos : pos+4])
	pos += 4
	numNexthop := uint16(data[pos])
	pos++
	b.nexthops = []Nexthop{}
	processFlag := nexthopHasType | nexthopProcessIFnameToIFindex
	nexthopsByteLen, err := decodeNexthops(&b.nexthops, data[pos:], version, softwareName, family, numNexthop, processFlag, MessageFlag(0), Flag(0), nexthopType(0))
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	pos += nexthopsByteLen
	return nil
}
func (b *lookupBody) string(version uint8, softwareName string) string {
	s := fmt.Sprintf(
		"addr/prefixLength: %s/%d, distance:%d, metric: %d",
		b.addr.String(), b.prefixLength, b.distance, b.metric)
	if len(b.nexthops) > 0 {
		for _, nh := range b.nexthops {
			s = s + fmt.Sprintf(", nexthop:{%s}", nh.string())
		}
	}
	return s
}

// RegisteredNexthop is referred in zclient
type RegisteredNexthop struct {
	connected uint8
	Family    uint16
	// Note: Ignores PrefixLength (uint8), because this field should be always:
	// - 32 if Address Family is AF_INET
	// - 128 if Address Family is AF_INET6
	Prefix net.IP
}

func (n *RegisteredNexthop) len() int {
	// Connected (1 byte) + Address Family (2 bytes) + Prefix Length (1 byte) + Prefix (variable)
	if n.Family == uint16(syscall.AF_INET) {
		return 4 + net.IPv4len
	}
	return 4 + net.IPv6len
}

// Ref: sendmsg_nexthop in bgpd/bgp_nht.c of Quagga1.2.x (ZAPI3)
// Ref: sendmsg_zebra_rnh in bgpd/bgp_nht.c of FRR3.x (ZAPI4)
// Ref: zclient_send_rnh in lib/zclient.c of FRR5.x (ZAPI5)
func (n *RegisteredNexthop) serialize() ([]byte, error) {
	// Connected (1 byte)
	buf := make([]byte, 4)
	buf[0] = byte(n.connected)

	// Address Family (2 bytes)
	binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(buf[1:3], n.Family)
	// Prefix Length (1 byte)
	addrByteLen, err := addressByteLength(uint8(n.Family))
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	buf[3] = byte(addrByteLen * 8)
	// Prefix (variable)
	switch n.Family {
	case uint16(syscall.AF_INET):
		buf = append(buf, n.Prefix.To4()...)
	case uint16(syscall.AF_INET6):
		buf = append(buf, n.Prefix.To16()...)
	default:
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid address family: %d", n.Family)
	}

	return buf, nil
}

// Ref: zserv_nexthop_register in zebra/zserv.c of Quagga1.2.x (ZAPI3)
// Ref: zserv_rnh_register in zebra/zserv.c of FRR3.x (ZAPI4)
// Ref: zread_rnh_register in zebra/zapi_msg.c of FRR5.x (ZAPI5)
func (n *RegisteredNexthop) decodeFromBytes(data []byte, softwareName string) error {
	// Connected (1 byte)
	n.connected = uint8(data[0])
	// Address Family (2 bytes)
	n.Family = binary.BigEndian.Uint16(data[1:3])
	// Note: Ignores Prefix Length (1 byte)
	addrByteLen := (int(data[3]) + 7) / 8
	// Prefix (variable)
	n.Prefix = ipFromFamily(uint8(n.Family), data[4:4+addrByteLen])

	return nil
}

func (n *RegisteredNexthop) string(version uint8, softwareName string) string {
	return fmt.Sprintf(
		"connected: %d, family: %d, prefix: %s",
		n.connected, n.Family, n.Prefix.String())
}

// NexthopRegisterBody us referred in zclient
type NexthopRegisterBody struct {
	api      APIType
	Nexthops []*RegisteredNexthop
}

// Ref: sendmsg_nexthop in bgpd/bgp_nht.c of Quagga1.2.x (ZAPI3)
// Ref: sendmsg_zebra_rnh in bgpd/bgp_nht.c of FRR3.x (ZAPI4)
// Ref: zclient_send_rnh in lib/zclient.c of FRR5.x (ZAPI5)
func (b *NexthopRegisterBody) serialize(version uint8, softwareName string) ([]byte, error) {
	buf := make([]byte, 0)

	// List of Registered Nexthops
	for _, nh := range b.Nexthops {
		nhBuf, err := nh.serialize()
		if err != nil {
			return nil, err
		}
		buf = append(buf, nhBuf...)
	}

	return buf, nil
}

// Ref: zserv_nexthop_register in zebra/zserv.c of Quagga1.2.x (ZAPI3)
// Ref: zserv_rnh_register in zebra/zserv.c of FRR3.x (ZAPI4)
// Ref: zread_rnh_register in zebra/zapi_msg.c of FRR5.x (ZAPI5)
func (b *NexthopRegisterBody) decodeFromBytes(data []byte, version uint8, softwareName string) error {
	offset := 0
	// List of Registered Nexthops
	b.Nexthops = []*RegisteredNexthop{}
	for len(data[offset:]) > 0 {
		nh := new(RegisteredNexthop)
		err := nh.decodeFromBytes(data[offset:], softwareName)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		b.Nexthops = append(b.Nexthops, nh)

		offset += nh.len()
		if len(data) < offset {
			break
		}
	}
	return nil
}

func (b *NexthopRegisterBody) string(version uint8, softwareName string) string {
	s := make([]string, 0)
	for _, nh := range b.Nexthops {
		s = append(s, fmt.Sprintf("nexthop:{%s}", nh.string(version, softwareName)))
	}
	return strings.Join(s, ", ")
}

// NexthopUpdateBody uses same data structure as IPRoute (zapi_route) after frr4 (Zapi5)
type NexthopUpdateBody IPRouteBody

// Ref: send_client in zebra/zebra_rnh.c of Quagga1.2&FRR3&FRR5(ZAPI3&4$5) and befre FRR7.4
// Ref: zebra_send_rnh_update zebra/zebra_rnh.c of FRR7.5
func (b *NexthopUpdateBody) serialize(version uint8, softwareName string) ([]byte, error) {
	var buf []byte
	offset := 0
	if version == 6 && softwareName == "" { // after frr7.5
		buf = make([]byte, 7)
		binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(buf, uint32(b.Message))
		offset += 4
	} else { // before frr7.4
		buf = make([]byte, 3)
	}

	// Address Family (2 bytes)
	binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(buf[offset:], uint16(b.Prefix.Family))
	addrByteLen, err := addressByteLength(b.Prefix.Family)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	buf[offset+2] = byte(addrByteLen * 8)
	// Prefix Length (1 byte) + Prefix (variable)
	switch b.Prefix.Family {
	case syscall.AF_INET:
		buf = append(buf, b.Prefix.Prefix.To4()...)
	case syscall.AF_INET6:
		buf = append(buf, b.Prefix.Prefix.To16()...)
	default:
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid address family: %d", b.Prefix.Family)
	}
	if b.Message&messageSRTE > 0 { // frr 7.5
		tmpbuf := make([]byte, 4)
		binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(tmpbuf, b.srteColor)
		buf = append(buf, tmpbuf...)
	}
	if version >= 5 {
		// Type (1 byte) (if version>=5)
		// instance (2 bytes) (if version>=5)
		buf = append(buf, byte(b.Type))
		tmpbuf := make([]byte, 2)
		binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(tmpbuf, b.instance)
		buf = append(buf, tmpbuf...)
	}
	if version >= 4 {
		// Distance (1 byte) (if version>=4)
		buf = append(buf, b.Distance)
	}
	// Metric (4 bytes)
	tmpbuf := make([]byte, 4)
	binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(tmpbuf, b.Metric)
	buf = append(buf, tmpbuf...)
	// Number of Nexthops (1 byte)
	buf = append(buf, uint8(0)) // Temporary code
	// ToDo Processing Route Entry
	return buf, nil
}

// Ref: bgp_parse_nexthop_update in bgpd/bgp_nht.c of Quagga1.2&FRR3 (ZAPI3&4)
// Ref: zapi_nexthop_update_decode in lib/zclient.c of FRR5.x (ZAPI5)
func (b *NexthopUpdateBody) decodeFromBytes(data []byte, version uint8, softwareName string) error {
	if version == 6 && softwareName == "" { // frr7.5
		//frr7.5: STREAM_GETL(s, nhr->message);
		b.Message = MessageFlag(binary.BigEndian.Uint32(data[0:4]))
		data = data[4:]
	}
	// Address Family (2 bytes)
	prefixFamily := binary.BigEndian.Uint16(data[0:2])
	b.Prefix.Family = uint8(prefixFamily)
	b.Prefix.PrefixLen = data[2]
	offset := 3

	addrByteLen, err := addressByteLength(b.Prefix.Family)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	b.Prefix.Prefix = ipFromFamily(b.Prefix.Family, data[offset:offset+addrByteLen])
	offset += addrByteLen

	if b.Message&messageSRTE > 0 { // frr 7.5
		b.srteColor = binary.BigEndian.Uint32(data[offset : offset+4])
		offset += 4
	}

	if version > 4 {
		b.Type = RouteType(data[offset])
		b.instance = binary.BigEndian.Uint16(data[offset+1 : offset+3])
		offset += 3
	}
	// Distance (1 byte) (if version>=4)
	if version > 3 {
		b.Distance = data[offset]
		offset++
	}
	// Metric (4 bytes) & Number of Nexthops (1 byte)
	if len(data[offset:]) < 5 {
		return fmt.Errorf("invalid message length: missing metric(4 bytes) or nexthops(1 byte): %d<5", len(data[offset:]))
	}
	b.Metric = binary.BigEndian.Uint32(data[offset : offset+4])
	offset += 4

	numNexthop := uint16(data[offset])
	offset++
	// List of Nexthops
	b.Nexthops = []Nexthop{}

	processFlag := nexthopProcessFlag(nexthopHasType)
	if version == 6 {
		switch softwareName {
		case "", "frr7.3":
			processFlag |= (nexthopHasVrfID | nexthopHasFlag | nexthopProcessIPToIPIFindex)
		case "frr7.0", "frr7.2":
			processFlag |= (nexthopHasVrfID | nexthopProcessIPToIPIFindex)
		case "frr6":
			processFlag |= nexthopProcessIPToIPIFindex
		}
	} else if version == 5 {
		switch softwareName {
		case "":
			processFlag |= nexthopProcessIPToIPIFindex
		}
	} else if version < 4 { // quagga
		processFlag |= nexthopProcessIFnameToIFindex
	}

	// after frr7.3, MessageLabel is deleted
	if (version == 6 && !(softwareName == "frr7.3" || softwareName == "")) ||
		(version == 5 && softwareName == "") {
		b.Message |= MessageLabel
	}

	nexthopsByteLen, err := decodeNexthops(&b.Nexthops, data[offset:], version, softwareName, b.Prefix.Family, numNexthop, processFlag, b.Message, Flag(0), nexthopType(0))
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	offset += nexthopsByteLen
	return nil
}

func (b *NexthopUpdateBody) string(version uint8, softwareName string) string {
	s := fmt.Sprintf(
		"family: %d, prefix: %s, distance: %d, metric: %d",
		b.Prefix.Family, b.Prefix.Prefix.String(), b.Distance, b.Metric)
	for _, nh := range b.Nexthops {
		s = s + fmt.Sprintf(", nexthop:{%s}", nh.string())
	}
	return s
}

type labelManagerConnectBody struct {
	redistDefault RouteType
	instance      uint16
	// The followings are used in response from Zebra
	result uint8 // 0 means success
}

// Ref: lm_label_manager_connect in lib/zclient.c of FRR
func (b *labelManagerConnectBody) serialize(version uint8, softwareName string) ([]byte, error) {
	buf := make([]byte, 3)
	buf[0] = uint8(b.redistDefault)
	binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(buf[1:3], b.instance)
	return buf, nil
}

func (b *labelManagerConnectBody) decodeFromBytes(data []byte, version uint8, softwareName string) error {
	size := 1
	if version > 4 && softwareName != "frr4" { // FRR4 returns result only.
		size = 4
	}
	if len(data) < size {
		return fmt.Errorf("invalid message length for LabelManagerConnect response: %d<%d",
			len(data), size)
	}
	if version > 4 && softwareName != "frr4" {
		b.redistDefault = RouteType(data[0])
		b.instance = binary.BigEndian.Uint16(data[1:3])
		data = data[3:]
	}
	b.result = data[0]
	return nil
}

func (b *labelManagerConnectBody) string(version uint8, softwareName string) string {
	return fmt.Sprintf(
		"route_type: %s, instance: %d, result: %d",
		b.redistDefault.String(), b.instance, b.result)
}

// GetLabelChunkBody is referred in zclient (Ref: zsend_assign_label_chunk_response)
type GetLabelChunkBody struct {
	proto     uint8  // it is appeared in FRR5.x and 6.x
	instance  uint16 // it is appeared in FRR5.x and 6.x
	keep      uint8
	ChunkSize uint32
	Start     uint32 // The followings are used in response from Zebra
	End       uint32
	base      uint32 // it is added in FRR7.2
}

// Ref: zread_get_label_chunk in zebra/zserv.c of FRR3.x
// Ref: zread_get_label_chunk in zebra/zapi_msg.c of FRR5.x and 6.x
func (b *GetLabelChunkBody) serialize(version uint8, softwareName string) ([]byte, error) {
	buf := make([]byte, 12)
	pos := 0
	b.base = 0
	if version > 4 && softwareName != "frr4" {
		buf[pos] = b.proto
		binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(buf[pos+1:pos+3], b.instance)
		pos += 3
	}
	buf[pos] = b.keep
	binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(buf[pos+1:pos+5], b.ChunkSize)
	pos += 5
	if version == 6 && !(softwareName == "frr6" || softwareName == "frr7") {
		binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(buf[pos:pos+4], b.base)
		pos += 4
	}
	return buf[0:pos], nil
}

// Ref: zsend_assign_label_chunk_response in zebra/zserv.c of FRR3.x
// Ref: zsend_assign_label_chunk_response in zebra/zapi_msg.c of FRR5.x and 6.x
func (b *GetLabelChunkBody) decodeFromBytes(data []byte, version uint8, softwareName string) error {
	size := 9
	if version > 4 && softwareName != "frr4" {
		size = 12
	}
	if len(data) < size {
		return fmt.Errorf("invalid message length for GetLabelChunk response: %d<%d",
			len(data), size)
	}
	if version > 4 && softwareName != "frr4" {
		b.proto = data[0]
		b.instance = binary.BigEndian.Uint16(data[1:3])
		data = data[3:]
	}
	b.keep = data[0]
	b.Start = binary.BigEndian.Uint32(data[1:5])
	b.End = binary.BigEndian.Uint32(data[5:9])
	return nil
}

func (b *GetLabelChunkBody) string(version uint8, softwareName string) string {
	return fmt.Sprintf(
		"keep: %d, chunk_size: %d, start: %d, end: %d",
		b.keep, b.ChunkSize, b.Start, b.End)
}

type releaseLabelChunkBody struct {
	proto    uint8  // it is appeared in FRR5.x and 6.x
	instance uint16 // it is appeared in FRR5.x and 6.x
	start    uint32
	end      uint32
}

func (b *releaseLabelChunkBody) serialize(version uint8, softwareName string) ([]byte, error) {
	buf := make([]byte, 11)
	pos := 0
	if version > 4 && softwareName != "frr4" {
		buf[pos] = b.proto
		binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(buf[pos+1:pos+3], b.instance)
		pos += 3
	}
	binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(buf[pos:pos+4], b.start)
	binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(buf[pos+4:pos+8], b.end)
	pos += 8
	return buf[0:pos], nil
}

func (b *releaseLabelChunkBody) decodeFromBytes(data []byte, version uint8, softwareName string) error {
	return nil // No response from Zebra
}

func (b *releaseLabelChunkBody) string(version uint8, softwareName string) string {
	return fmt.Sprintf("start: %d, end: %d", b.start, b.end)
}

//go:generate stringer -type=lspTYPE
type lspTYPE uint8

const (
	lspNone   lspTYPE = iota //defined in FRR3 and over
	lspStatic                //defined in FRR3 and over
	lspLDP                   //defined in FRR3 and over
	lspBGP                   //defined in FRR4 and over
	lspSR                    //defined in FRR4 and over
	lspSHARP                 //defined in FRR5 and over
)

type vrfLabelBody struct {
	label     uint32
	afi       afi
	labelType lspTYPE
}

// Ref: zclient_send_vrf_label in lib/zclient.c of FRR 5.x and 6.x
func (b *vrfLabelBody) serialize(version uint8, softwareName string) ([]byte, error) {
	buf := make([]byte, 6)
	binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(buf[0:4], b.label)
	buf[4] = uint8(b.afi)
	buf[5] = uint8(b.labelType)
	return buf, nil
}

// Ref: zread_vrf_label in zebra/zapi_msg.c of FRR 5.x and 6.x
func (b *vrfLabelBody) decodeFromBytes(data []byte, version uint8, softwareName string) error {
	if len(data) < 6 {
		return fmt.Errorf("invalid message length for VRFLabel message: %d<6", len(data))
	}
	b.label = binary.BigEndian.Uint32(data[0:4])
	b.afi = afi(data[4])
	b.labelType = lspTYPE(data[5])
	return nil
}

func (b *vrfLabelBody) string(version uint8, softwareName string) string {
	return fmt.Sprintf(
		"label: %d, afi: %s LSP type: %s",
		b.label, b.afi, b.labelType)
}

// Message is referred in zclient
type Message struct {
	Header Header
	Body   Body
}

func (m *Message) serialize(software string) ([]byte, error) {
	var body []byte
	if m.Body != nil {
		var err error
		body, err = m.Body.serialize(m.Header.Version, software)
		if err != nil {
			return nil, err
		}
	}
	m.Header.Len = uint16(len(body)) + HeaderSize(m.Header.Version)
	hdr, err := m.Header.serialize()
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	return append(hdr, body...), nil
}

func parseMessage(hdr *Header, data []byte, software string) (m *Message, err error) {
	m = &Message{Header: *hdr}
	/* TODO:
	   InterfaceNBRAddressAdd, InterfaceNBRAddressDelete,
	   InterfaceBFDDestUpdate, ImportCheckUpdate, BFDDestReplay,
	   InterfaceVRFUpdate, InterfaceLinkParams, PWStatusUpdate
	*/
	command := m.Header.Command.toCommon(m.Header.Version, software)
	switch command {
	case interfaceAdd, interfaceDelete, interfaceUp, interfaceDown:
		m.Body = &interfaceUpdateBody{}
	case interfaceAddressAdd, interfaceAddressDelete:
		m.Body = &interfaceAddressUpdateBody{}
	case routerIDUpdate:
		m.Body = &routerIDUpdateBody{}
	case nexthopUpdate:
		m.Body = &NexthopUpdateBody{}
	case redistributeRouteAdd, redistributeRouteDel: // for frr
		m.Body = &IPRouteBody{API: m.Header.Command}
	case labelManagerConnect: // Note: Synchronous message
		m.Body = &labelManagerConnectBody{}
	case getLabelChunk: // Note: Synchronous message
		m.Body = &GetLabelChunkBody{}
	case releaseLabelChunk: // Note: Synchronous message
		m.Body = &releaseLabelChunkBody{}
	case vrfLabel:
		m.Body = &vrfLabelBody{}
	case RouteAdd, RouteDelete, BackwardIPv6RouteAdd, BackwardIPv6RouteDelete: // for quagga
		m.Body = &IPRouteBody{API: m.Header.Command}
	case ipv4NexthopLookupMRIB:
		m.Body = &lookupBody{api: m.Header.Command}
	default:
		m.Body = &unknownBody{}
		if m.Header.Version == 4 {
			switch m.Header.Command {
			case zapi4RedistributeIPv6Add, zapi4RedistributeIPv6Del: // for frr3
				m.Body = &IPRouteBody{API: m.Header.Command}
			}
		} else if m.Header.Version < 4 {
			switch m.Header.Command {
			case zapi3IPv4NexthopLookup, zapi3IPv6NexthopLookup, zapi3IPv4ImportLookup:
				m.Body = &lookupBody{api: m.Header.Command}
			}
		}
	}
	return m, m.Body.decodeFromBytes(data, m.Header.Version, software)
}