entry.go

// Copyright 2018 Google Inc. All Rights Reserved.
//
// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
// You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
// limitations under the License.

// DWARF debug information entry parser.
// An entry is a sequence of data items of a given format.
// The first word in the entry is an index into what DWARF
// calls the ``abbreviation table.''  An abbreviation is really
// just a type descriptor: it's an array of attribute tag/value format pairs.

package dwarf

import (
	"errors"
	"strconv"
)

// a single entry's description: a sequence of attributes
type abbrev struct {
	tag      Tag
	children bool
	field    []afield
}

type afield struct {
	attr Attr
	fmt  format
}

// a map from entry format ids to their descriptions
type abbrevTable map[uint32]abbrev

// ParseAbbrev returns the abbreviation table that starts at byte off
// in the .debug_abbrev section.
func (d *Data) parseAbbrev(off uint32) (abbrevTable, error) {
	if m, ok := d.abbrevCache[off]; ok {
		return m, nil
	}

	data := d.abbrev
	if off > uint32(len(data)) {
		data = nil
	} else {
		data = data[off:]
	}
	b := makeBuf(d, unknownFormat{}, "abbrev", 0, data)

	// Error handling is simplified by the buf getters
	// returning an endless stream of 0s after an error.
	m := make(abbrevTable)
	for {
		// Table ends with id == 0.
		id := uint32(b.uint())
		if id == 0 {
			break
		}

		// Walk over attributes, counting.
		n := 0
		b1 := b // Read from copy of b.
		b1.uint()
		b1.uint8()
		for {
			tag := b1.uint()
			fmt := b1.uint()
			if tag == 0 && fmt == 0 {
				break
			}
			n++
		}
		if b1.err != nil {
			return nil, b1.err
		}

		// Walk over attributes again, this time writing them down.
		var a abbrev
		a.tag = Tag(b.uint())
		a.children = b.uint8() != 0
		a.field = make([]afield, n)
		for i := range a.field {
			a.field[i].attr = Attr(b.uint())
			a.field[i].fmt = format(b.uint())
		}
		b.uint()
		b.uint()

		m[id] = a
	}
	if b.err != nil {
		return nil, b.err
	}
	d.abbrevCache[off] = m
	return m, nil
}

// An entry is a sequence of attribute/value pairs.
type Entry struct {
	Offset   Offset // offset of Entry in DWARF info
	Tag      Tag    // tag (kind of Entry)
	Children bool   // whether Entry is followed by children
	Field    []Field
}

// A Field is a single attribute/value pair in an Entry.
type Field struct {
	Attr Attr
	Val  interface{}
}

// Val returns the value associated with attribute Attr in Entry,
// or nil if there is no such attribute.
//
// A common idiom is to merge the check for nil return with
// the check that the value has the expected dynamic type, as in:
//	v, ok := e.Val(AttrSibling).(int64);
//
func (e *Entry) Val(a Attr) interface{} {
	for _, f := range e.Field {
		if f.Attr == a {
			return f.Val
		}
	}
	return nil
}

// An Offset represents the location of an Entry within the DWARF info.
// (See Reader.Seek.)
type Offset uint32

// Entry reads a single entry from buf, decoding
// according to the given abbreviation table.
func (b *buf) entry(atab abbrevTable, ubase Offset) *Entry {
	off := b.off
	id := uint32(b.uint())
	if id == 0 {
		return &Entry{}
	}
	a, ok := atab[id]
	if !ok {
		b.error("unknown abbreviation table index")
		return nil
	}
	e := &Entry{
		Offset:   off,
		Tag:      a.tag,
		Children: a.children,
		Field:    make([]Field, len(a.field)),
	}
	for i := range e.Field {
		e.Field[i].Attr = a.field[i].attr
		fmt := a.field[i].fmt
		if fmt == formIndirect {
			fmt = format(b.uint())
		}
		var val interface{}
		switch fmt {
		default:
			b.error("unknown entry attr format 0x" + strconv.FormatInt(int64(fmt), 16))

		// address
		case formAddr:
			val = b.addr()

		// block
		case formDwarfBlock1:
			val = b.bytes(int(b.uint8()))
		case formDwarfBlock2:
			val = b.bytes(int(b.uint16()))
		case formDwarfBlock4:
			val = b.bytes(int(b.uint32()))
		case formDwarfBlock:
			val = b.bytes(int(b.uint()))

		// constant
		case formData1:
			val = int64(b.uint8())
		case formData2:
			val = int64(b.uint16())
		case formData4:
			val = int64(b.uint32())
		case formData8:
			val = int64(b.uint64())
		case formSdata:
			val = int64(b.int())
		case formUdata:
			val = int64(b.uint())

		// flag
		case formFlag:
			val = b.uint8() == 1
		// New in DWARF 4.
		case formFlagPresent:
			// The attribute is implicitly indicated as present, and no value is
			// encoded in the debugging information entry itself.
			val = true

		// reference to other entry
		case formRefAddr:
			vers := b.format.version()
			if vers == 0 {
				b.error("unknown version for DW_FORM_ref_addr")
			} else if vers == 2 {
				val = Offset(b.addr())
			} else {
				is64, known := b.format.dwarf64()
				if !known {
					b.error("unknown size for DW_FORM_ref_addr")
				} else if is64 {
					val = Offset(b.uint64())
				} else {
					val = Offset(b.uint32())
				}
			}
		case formRef1:
			val = Offset(b.uint8()) + ubase
		case formRef2:
			val = Offset(b.uint16()) + ubase
		case formRef4:
			val = Offset(b.uint32()) + ubase
		case formRef8:
			val = Offset(b.uint64()) + ubase
		case formRefUdata:
			val = Offset(b.uint()) + ubase

		// string
		case formString:
			val = b.string()
		case formStrp:
			off := b.uint32() // offset into .debug_str
			if b.err != nil {
				return nil
			}
			b1 := makeBuf(b.dwarf, unknownFormat{}, "str", 0, b.dwarf.str)
			b1.skip(int(off))
			val = b1.string()
			if b1.err != nil {
				b.err = b1.err
				return nil
			}

		// lineptr, loclistptr, macptr, rangelistptr
		// New in DWARF 4, but clang can generate them with -gdwarf-2.
		// Section reference, replacing use of formData4 and formData8.
		case formSecOffset, formGnuRefAlt, formGnuStrpAlt:
			is64, known := b.format.dwarf64()
			if !known {
				b.error("unknown size for form 0x" + strconv.FormatInt(int64(fmt), 16))
			} else if is64 {
				val = int64(b.uint64())
			} else {
				val = int64(b.uint32())
			}

		// exprloc
		// New in DWARF 4.
		case formExprloc:
			val = b.bytes(int(b.uint()))

		// reference
		// New in DWARF 4.
		case formRefSig8:
			// 64-bit type signature.
			val = b.uint64()
		}
		e.Field[i].Val = val
	}
	if b.err != nil {
		return nil
	}
	return e
}

// A Reader allows reading Entry structures from a DWARF ``info'' section.
// The Entry structures are arranged in a tree.  The Reader's Next function
// return successive entries from a pre-order traversal of the tree.
// If an entry has children, its Children field will be true, and the children
// follow, terminated by an Entry with Tag 0.
type Reader struct {
	b            buf
	d            *Data
	err          error
	unit         int
	lastChildren bool   // .Children of last entry returned by Next
	lastSibling  Offset // .Val(AttrSibling) of last entry returned by Next
}

// Reader returns a new Reader for Data.
// The reader is positioned at byte offset 0 in the DWARF ``info'' section.
func (d *Data) Reader() *Reader {
	r := &Reader{d: d}
	r.Seek(0)
	return r
}

// AddressSize returns the size in bytes of addresses in the current compilation
// unit.
func (r *Reader) AddressSize() int {
	return r.d.unit[r.unit].asize
}

// Seek positions the Reader at offset off in the encoded entry stream.
// Offset 0 can be used to denote the first entry.
func (r *Reader) Seek(off Offset) {
	d := r.d
	r.err = nil
	r.lastChildren = false
	if off == 0 {
		if len(d.unit) == 0 {
			return
		}
		u := &d.unit[0]
		r.unit = 0
		r.b = makeBuf(r.d, u, "info", u.off, u.data)
		return
	}

	// TODO(rsc): binary search (maybe a new package)
	var i int
	var u *unit
	for i = range d.unit {
		u = &d.unit[i]
		if u.off <= off && off < u.off+Offset(len(u.data)) {
			r.unit = i
			r.b = makeBuf(r.d, u, "info", off, u.data[off-u.off:])
			return
		}
	}
	r.err = errors.New("offset out of range")
}

// maybeNextUnit advances to the next unit if this one is finished.
func (r *Reader) maybeNextUnit() {
	for len(r.b.data) == 0 && r.unit+1 < len(r.d.unit) {
		r.unit++
		u := &r.d.unit[r.unit]
		r.b = makeBuf(r.d, u, "info", u.off, u.data)
	}
}

// Next reads the next entry from the encoded entry stream.
// It returns nil, nil when it reaches the end of the section.
// It returns an error if the current offset is invalid or the data at the
// offset cannot be decoded as a valid Entry.
func (r *Reader) Next() (*Entry, error) {
	if r.err != nil {
		return nil, r.err
	}
	r.maybeNextUnit()
	if len(r.b.data) == 0 {
		return nil, nil
	}
	u := &r.d.unit[r.unit]
	e := r.b.entry(u.atable, u.base)
	if r.b.err != nil {
		r.err = r.b.err
		return nil, r.err
	}
	if e != nil {
		r.lastChildren = e.Children
		if r.lastChildren {
			r.lastSibling, _ = e.Val(AttrSibling).(Offset)
		}
	} else {
		r.lastChildren = false
	}
	return e, nil
}

// SkipChildren skips over the child entries associated with
// the last Entry returned by Next.  If that Entry did not have
// children or Next has not been called, SkipChildren is a no-op.
func (r *Reader) SkipChildren() {
	if r.err != nil || !r.lastChildren {
		return
	}

	// If the last entry had a sibling attribute,
	// that attribute gives the offset of the next
	// sibling, so we can avoid decoding the
	// child subtrees.
	if r.lastSibling >= r.b.off {
		r.Seek(r.lastSibling)
		return
	}

	for {
		e, err := r.Next()
		if err != nil || e == nil || e.Tag == 0 {
			break
		}
		if e.Children {
			r.SkipChildren()
		}
	}
}

// clone returns a copy of the reader.  This is used by the typeReader
// interface.
func (r *Reader) clone() typeReader {
	return r.d.Reader()
}

// offset returns the current buffer offset.  This is used by the
// typeReader interface.
func (r *Reader) offset() Offset {
	return r.b.off
}