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Literature Review

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Esrayilmaz06 edited this page May 8, 2018 · 8 revisions

**#LITERATURE REVIEW FOR SENSOR PROGRAMMING # **

                            ESRA YILMAZ && AHMET KARA

                     Department of Computer Engineering, Cankaya University
                                     Ankara
                      

          # **_Abstract_** #

This is a Literature Review for creating Robotics vehicle with the help of Sensors with using the Android platform. Robotics vehicle programming was presented in this research. by "Sensor Programming with using the Android Platform". This robotics vehicle was developed by using Bluetooth technology with Android devices. There is a growing literature on sensors used for robotic technology on Android platforms. The Android platform is an open source, Linux-based operating system purchased by Google from Android Inc., 2005 for smartphones and mobile devices. Android devices have many hardware components such as temperature sensors, proximity sensors, obstacle recognition sensors, and buzzers. It also consists of software components, such as applications, whose operating system is Android and which allows the robot to communicate with the Android phone via Bluetooth Technology. In this way, it becomes more powerful to control the robot with smart devices. Depending on the needs, sensors with a large number of hardware components have become useful for robot control when used. The purpose of our project is to control basic robotics movements using the communication between the Android application and the sensors. In addition, with the robot's automatic mode, the robot controls itself, identifies the obstacles in front, measures the distance between the obstacle and itself, and directs it to the farthest distance. In this article, we have reviewed the academic thesis and articles that have provided the Android operating system and the robot control through Bluetooth. We have identified and searched many works in conferences and magazines. We have reviewed a number of theses similar to our project. We mentioned the source addresses of the theses that we examined in the reference section. We also summarized the results of the thesis in the conclusion section.

          # ** 1._Introduction_** #

In our daily lives, sensors used in conjunction with electronic devices play a vital role in facilitating life. Today, sensor technology is used in many areas. Examples of areas where sensor technology is used include military area, airports, factories, shopping malls, and hospitals. Today, there are even taps that feel the movement of the hand using the sensor. There are many sensor types such as sound, vibration, transport, electric current, magnetic, radio, distance, speed, thermal, infrared, temperature. These types of sensors can create a much more specific use of the Android platform for users These areas of use can be very useful for people with disabilities, can guide them, and alert them to obstacles to be met. It can be adapted to everyday life. Moreover, the importance of sensors is increasing day by day. Sensors capable of detecting explosives or weapons have vital preventive measures to detect the location of terrorists, especially in military areas, to take countermeasures against possible terrorist attacks by civilian and military personnel. There is no limit to what needs to be done with using sensor technology. The most common areas of use for robotic sensors are different device types like Android-based mobile phone, tablet computer, smart clock. Through these devices, we can send and receive data to the sensors. An example of this is to control a robot with an Android smartphone. Through this communication between the devices, we can easily implement our needs.The user can use any button on mobile devices or say some words to other intelligent devices such as robots, watches, or some applications The goal of our project is to control basic robotics movements using the communication between the Android application and the sensors. In addition, with the robot's automatic mode, the robot controls itself, identifies the obstacles in front, measures the distance between the obstacle and itself, and directs it to the farthest distance.

          # ** 2._Robotic Sensors_** #

The most common areas of use for robotic sensors are different device types, such as Android-based mobile phones, tablets, and smart clocks. With these devices, we can send and receive data to the sensors. An example of this is to control a robot with an Android smartphone. With this communication between the devices, we can easily implement our needs. The user can use any button on the mobile device or say some words to other smart devices such as robots, clocks or some applications. Too many Sensor types are available. Sharma at all. [2] new generation smartphones include proximity sensors and acceleration sensors included in the Bluetooth module and work with different operating systems such as Android. But in our project we used sensors such as obstacle recognition sensor, temperature detection sensor. The target group of this project is, someone who has an Android device and knows how to use this Android device and who has a Bluetooth connection can take advantage of this project. But our primary goal is to identify enemies in the military field. If the project is to be successful and military space is to be used, the enemy will be easily detected by the heat (infrared) and obstacle detection sensor.

          # ** 2.1_How Robotic sensor is work?_** #

Designed the robot [1] will be controlled by an Android application and connectivity between the robot and smartphone will be based on the Bluetooth technology. Android application can send data to the robot using Bluetooth module which connected to Arduino. Those data will send the data to micro-controller. When sending input from users to the microcontroller, the microcontroller will process the data. After that, the robot can move according to with this output. Android devices have many hardware components, such as orientation sensors, proximity sensors. Sharma at all.[2] new generation smartphones have proximity sensors and acceleration sensors also included Bluetooth module and are powered by different operating systems such as Android. In our research, we have seen that different applications have been made about the Bluetooth controlled robots. If we look at [3], this thesis was written about using Bluetooth technology in Android phones to control the direction of movement of the robot and additionally to adapt robot to move light objects with the aid of the added motor. In our project, Robot will understand that the obstacle is alive with the temperature sensor and will alert you with using the buzzer. After the warning, Robot will measure the farthest away from the obstacle and continue on its way.

          # ** 2.2_Parts and Properties of Robotic Sensor Elements_** #

K.Pathak at all.[4]’s system consists of four-part. These are such as:

1)Bluetooth technology

2)Smartphone with Android operating system,

3)Microprocessor (Arduino Uno R3) 

4) DC Motor.

Arduino Uno R3 which used a microprocessor based on ATmega328P is the robot's brain.Bluetooth is the bridge between the robot and the smartphone. The phone provides remote control of the robot.The DC motor makes the system moving. DC motor driver L293D is used here [6]. This motor driver helps attached two DC motors each other. They also used the HC-06 Bluetooth module to provide connectivity and designed a tiny car as a robot. In addition to this, some theses have been used in extra parts. Loic Frund [7], he used the proximity sensor, the ground sensor while developing a robot.And also used, microphone, speaker, and GPS. Another thesis Muhammed Jabir.N.K at all.[8], they used a soft catch to remove light boxes and also this thesis [9] used the soft catch arm to remove light boxes. In addition to these, we used • Sensor that detects obstacle

• Temperature sensor

• Buzzer

• 9V battery

• Ultrasonic Sensor

• Motor Shield

• Servo-motor

          # **2.3_Programming Language_** #

Now let's see what programming languages are used. Jan Nadvornik at all.[10] used Java, Eclipse for Android phone application. Another thesis [11], they used Integrated Development Environment (IDE) is used for Arduino Uno's comments and messages.Also, they used Java Development Kit(JDK) for Java application and Java language and used Eclipse for writing Java codes. We used Embedded C, C ++ to code Arduino Uno, in our Project.

          # **3._Usage Areas_** #

Saurabh Khoje [1] Robots can be programmed for many different types of calculation which is very important and useful machines for use in industries, fabrication, manufacturing defect, and health industries. Robots can make faster and more accurate calculations when compared to humans. Nowadays Robotic systems are becoming more and more developed because of people needs. We designed this project to use against military-terrorist threat.

          # ** 4._Conclusion _** #

As a result, Khoje, S. [1] designed this project to create a robot that can be controlled via Bluetooth with an Android device. Life can be easier for this application. For this project, we can add more features like Wi-Fi connectivity, robotic arms, camera and different sensor types. Speed sensor, temperature sensor, PIR sensor, ultrasonic sensor, etc. There is no limit to what can be done using any type of sensor. In addition, like [5] these projects will be a source of inspiration for projects to make life easier people with disabilities. In this project, we believe that our robot will warn our soldiers against possible terrorist attacks.

          # ** 5._References_** #

[1]- Khoje, S., Urad, D., Shirke, M., Robotic Control Using an Android Application, International Journal of Computer Science and Information Technologies, vol 7, no 2, p.773 - 776

[2]-Sharma, A., Verma, R., Gupta, S., Android Phone Controlled Robot Using Bluetooth, International Journal of Electronic and Electrical Engineering. , vol 7, no 5, p.443 - 448

[3]-Sruthilaya, G., CONTROL OF BLUETOOTH ENABLED ROBOTS VIA ANDROID APK, International Journal of Advances in Engineering &Technology, Apr., 2016., vol 9, no 2, p.262 - 267

[4]-K.Pathak, M, Khan, J., Koul, A., Kalane, R., Varshney R., Robot Control Design Using Android Smartphone, JOURNAL OF BUSINESS MANAGEMENT AND ECONOMICS, vol 3, no 2, p.31 - 33

[5]-KC, K, CONTROLLING A ROBOT USING ANDROID INTERFACE AND VOICE, Bachelor's thesis Degree programme: Information Technology Specialisation: Android and Arduino Development.

[6]-Verma, S, Android App Controlled Bluetooth Robot, Internal Journal of Computer Applications, vol 152, no 9, p.35 - 40

[7]-Frund, L, Intergacing an Android-based phone-robot with Webots, p.1 - 42

[8]-.N.K, M, Fayas, M., Mohan, M., Sajeev, M. and C.N, S., Wireless Control of Pick and Place Robotic Arm Using an Android Application, International Journal of Advanced Research in Electrical, Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering, vol 4, no 4, p.2410 - 2416

[9]-Shuvo, M, Android- Based Remote Robot Control System, American Society for Engineering Education.

[10]-Nadvornik, J. and Smutny, P. (2014). Remote control robot using Android mobile device. Proceedings of the 2014 15th International Carpathian Control Conference (ICCC).

[11]- Chakraborty, D., Sharma, K., Roy, R., Singh, H. and Bezboruah, T. (2016). Android application based monitoring and controlling of movement of a remotely controlled robotic car mounted with various sensors via Bluetooth. 2016 International Conference on Advances in Electrical, Electronic and Systems Engineering (ICAEES).

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