fix: avoid error when disk cache miss

[ShiKaiWi]

Which issue does this PR close?

Closes #769

Rationale for this change

Error will be thrown breaking execution, when data in the disk cache is corrupted, which is unavoidable.

What changes are included in this PR?

• Report cache miss when cache content is corrupted instead.

Are there any user-facing changes?

None.

How does this change test

The new unit test for it is added.

[codecov-commenter]

Codecov Report

Merging #790 (b48df6b) into main (72f1701) will increase coverage by 0.00%.
The diff coverage is 83.33%.

❗ Current head b48df6b differs from pull request most recent head 643d1c4. Consider uploading reports for the commit 643d1c4 to get more accurate results

@@           Coverage Diff           @@
##             main     #790   +/-   ##
=======================================
  Coverage   68.28%   68.28%           
=======================================
  Files         295      295           
  Lines       46695    46758   +63     
=======================================
+ Hits        31886    31930   +44     
- Misses      14809    14828   +19     

Impacted Files	Coverage Δ
server/src/proxy/grpc/write.rs	34.38% <0.00%> (-0.39%)	⬇️
components/object_store/src/disk_cache.rs	88.08% <94.20%> (+0.73%)	⬆️

... and 5 files with indirect coverage changes

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[jiacai2050]

lgtm