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index.Rmd
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---
title: "An Introduction to R"
author: "W. N. Venables, D. M. Smith, R Core Team"
date: "`r Sys.Date()`"
site: bookdown::bookdown_site
documentclass: book
link-citations: yes
github-repo: ColinFay/intro-to-r
description: "An Introduction to R is based on the former 'Notes on R', gives an introduction to the language and how to use R for doing statistical analysis and graphics. "
---
# An Introduction to R {-}
<p>This is an introduction to R (“GNU S”), a language and environment for statistical computing and graphics. R is similar to the award-winning<a href="appendix-f-references.html#FOOT1" id="DOCF1"><sup>1</sup></a> S system, which was developed at Bell Laboratories by John Chambers et al. It provides a wide variety of statistical and graphical techniques (linear and nonlinear modelling, statistical tests, time series analysis, classification, clustering, ...).</p>
<p>This manual provides information on data types, programming elements, statistical modelling and graphics.</p>
<p>This manual is for R, version 3.4.2 (2017-09-28).</p>
<p>Copyright © 1990 W. N. Venables<br />
Copyright © 1992 W. N. Venables & D. M. Smith<br />
Copyright © 1997 R. Gentleman & R. Ihaka<br />
Copyright © 1997, 1998 M. Maechler<br />
Copyright © 1999–2016 R Core Team</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of this manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice are preserved on all copies.</p>
<p>Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a permission notice identical to this one.</p>
<p>Permission is granted to copy and distribute translations of this manual into another language, under the above conditions for modified versions, except that this permission notice may be stated in a translation approved by the R Core Team.</p>
</blockquote>
<hr />
<h2>All the R manuals as bookdown : </h2>
+ [List of all the bookdowns](http://colinfay.me/r-manuals/)
+ [Intro to R](http://colinfay.me/intro-to-r/)
+ [R Data Import/Export](http://colinfay.me/r-data-import-export/)
+ [R Installation and Administration](http://colinfay.me/r-installation-administration/)
+ [Writing R extensions](http://colinfay.me/writing-r-extensions/)
+ [The R language definition](http://colinfay.me/r-language-definition/)
+ [R Internals](http://colinfay.me/r-internals/)
<hr />
<p><a href="" id="Preface"></a> <a href="" id="Preface-1"></a></p>
# Preface {-}
<p>This introduction to R is derived from an original set of notes describing the S and S-PLUS environments written in 1990–2 by Bill Venables and David M. Smith when at the University of Adelaide. We have made a number of small changes to reflect differences between the R and S programs, and expanded some of the material.</p>
<p>We would like to extend warm thanks to Bill Venables (and David Smith) for granting permission to distribute this modified version of the notes in this way, and for being a supporter of R from way back.</p>
<p>Comments and corrections are always welcome. Please address email correspondence to <script type="text/javascript">
<!--
h='R-project.org';a='@';n='R-core';e=n+a+h;
document.write('<a h'+'ref'+'="ma'+'ilto'+':'+e+'" clas'+'s="em' + 'ail">'+e+'<\/'+'a'+'>');
// -->
</script><noscript>R-core at R-project dot org</noscript>.</p>
<p><a href="" id="Suggestions-to-the-reader"></a></p>
<h4 id="suggestions-to-the-reader" class="subheading">Suggestions to the reader</h4>
<p>Most R novices will start with the introductory session in Appendix A. This should give some familiarity with the style of R sessions and more importantly some instant feedback on what actually happens.</p>
<p>Many users will come to R mainly for its graphical facilities. See <a href="graphical-procedures.html#Graphics">Graphics</a>, which can be read at almost any time and need not wait until all the preceding sections have been digested.</p>
<hr />
<p><a href="" id="Introduction-and-preliminaries"></a> <a href="" id="Introduction-and-preliminaries-1"></a></p>
<div id="calibre_pb_4" class="calibre8">
</div>