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state_transition.go
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state_transition.go
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// Copyright 2018 The CortexTheseus Authors
// This file is part of the CortexFoundation library.
//
// The CortexFoundation library is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
// it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
// (at your option) any later version.
//
// The CortexFoundation library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
// GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
//
// You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
// along with the CortexFoundation library. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
package core
import (
"errors"
math2 "github.com/CortexFoundation/CortexTheseus/common/math"
"math"
"math/big"
"github.com/CortexFoundation/CortexTheseus/common"
"github.com/CortexFoundation/CortexTheseus/core/vm"
"github.com/CortexFoundation/CortexTheseus/log"
"github.com/CortexFoundation/CortexTheseus/params"
"github.com/CortexFoundation/inference/synapse"
torrentfs "github.com/CortexFoundation/torrentfs/types"
)
var (
errInsufficientBalanceForGas = errors.New("insufficient balance to pay for gas")
//PER_UPLOAD_BYTES uint64 = 10 * 512 * 1024
)
/*
The State Transitioning Model
A state transition is a change made when a transaction is applied to the current world state
The state transitioning model does all the necessary work to work out a valid new state root.
1) Nonce handling
2) Pre pay gas
3) Create a new state object if the recipient is \0*32
4) Value transfer
== If contract creation ==
4a) Attempt to run transaction data
4b) If valid, use result as code for the new state object
== end ==
5) Run Script section
6) Derive new state root
*/
var (
big0 = big.NewInt(0)
)
// StateTransition is the state of current tx in vm
type StateTransition struct {
gp *GasPool
qp *QuotaPool
msg Message
gas uint64
gasPrice *big.Int
initialGas uint64
value *big.Int
data []byte
state vm.StateDB
cvm *vm.CVM
modelGas map[common.Address]uint64
}
// Message represents a message sent to a contract.
type Message interface {
From() common.Address
//FromFrontier() (common.Address, error)
To() *common.Address
GasPrice() *big.Int
Gas() uint64
Value() *big.Int
Nonce() uint64
CheckNonce() bool
Data() []byte
}
// IntrinsicGas computes the 'intrinsic gas' for a message with the given data.
func IntrinsicGas(data []byte, contractCreation, upload, homestead bool, isEIP2028 bool) (uint64, error) {
// Set the starting gas for the raw transaction
var gas uint64
if contractCreation && homestead {
gas = params.TxGasContractCreation
} else {
if upload {
gas = params.UploadGas
} else {
gas = params.TxGas
}
}
// Bump the required gas by the amount of transactional data
if len(data) > 0 {
// Zero and non-zero bytes are priced differently
var nz uint64
for _, byt := range data {
if byt != 0 {
nz++
}
}
// Make sure we don't exceed uint64 for all data combinations
nonZeroGas := params.TxDataNonZeroGasFrontier
if isEIP2028 {
nonZeroGas = params.TxDataNonZeroGasEIP2028
}
if (math.MaxUint64-gas)/nonZeroGas < nz {
return 0, vm.ErrOutOfGas
}
gas += nz * nonZeroGas
z := uint64(len(data)) - nz
if (math.MaxUint64-gas)/params.TxDataZeroGas < z {
return 0, vm.ErrOutOfGas
}
gas += z * params.TxDataZeroGas
}
return gas, nil
}
// NewStateTransition initialises and returns a new state transition object.
func NewStateTransition(cvm *vm.CVM, msg Message, gp *GasPool, qp *QuotaPool) *StateTransition {
return &StateTransition{
gp: gp,
qp: qp,
cvm: cvm,
msg: msg,
gasPrice: msg.GasPrice(),
value: msg.Value(),
data: msg.Data(),
state: cvm.StateDB,
}
}
// ApplyMessage computes the new state by applying the given message
// against the old state within the environment.
//
// ApplyMessage returns the bytes returned by any CVM execution (if it took place),
// the gas used (which includes gas refunds) and an error if it failed. An error always
// indicates a core error meaning that the message would always fail for that particular
// state and would never be accepted within a block.
func ApplyMessage(cvm *vm.CVM, msg Message, gp *GasPool, qp *QuotaPool) ([]byte, uint64, uint64, bool, error) {
return NewStateTransition(cvm, msg, gp, qp).TransitionDb()
}
// to returns the recipient of the message.
func (st *StateTransition) to() common.Address {
if st.msg == nil || st.msg.To() == nil /* contract creation */ {
return common.Address{}
}
return *st.msg.To()
}
func (st *StateTransition) useGas(amount uint64) error {
if st.gas < amount {
return vm.ErrOutOfGas
}
st.gas -= amount
return nil
}
func (st *StateTransition) buyGas() error {
mgval := new(big.Int).Mul(new(big.Int).SetUint64(st.msg.Gas()), st.gasPrice)
if st.state.GetBalance(st.msg.From()).Cmp(mgval) < 0 {
return errInsufficientBalanceForGas
}
if err := st.gp.SubGas(st.msg.Gas()); err != nil {
return err
}
st.gas += st.msg.Gas()
st.initialGas = st.msg.Gas()
st.state.SubBalance(st.msg.From(), mgval)
return nil
}
//var confirmTime = params.CONFIRM_TIME * time.Second //-3600 * 24 * 30 * time.Second
func (st *StateTransition) preCheck() error {
// Make sure this transaction's nonce is correct.
if st.msg.CheckNonce() {
nonce := st.state.GetNonce(st.msg.From())
if nonce < st.msg.Nonce() {
return ErrNonceTooHigh
} else if nonce > st.msg.Nonce() {
return ErrNonceTooLow
}
}
if st.uploading() {
// log.Debug("state_transition", "uploading", st.uploading(), "st.state.GetNum(st.to())", st.state.GetNum(st.to()))
if st.state.GetNum(st.to()).Cmp(big0) <= 0 {
log.Warn("Uploading block number is zero", "address", st.to(), "number", st.state.GetNum(st.to()), "current", st.cvm.BlockNumber)
return ErrUnhandleTx
}
if st.state.GetNum(st.to()).Cmp(new(big.Int).Sub(st.cvm.BlockNumber, big.NewInt(params.SeedingBlks))) > 0 {
log.Warn("Not ready for seeding", "address", st.to(), "number", st.state.GetNum(st.to()), "current", st.cvm.BlockNumber, "seeding", params.SeedingBlks)
return ErrUnhandleTx
}
cost := math2.Uint64Min(params.PER_UPLOAD_BYTES, st.state.Upload(st.to()).Uint64())
// log.Debug("state_transition",
// "new(big.Int).SetUint64(params.PER_UPLOAD_BYTES)", new(big.Int).SetUint64(params.PER_UPLOAD_BYTES),
// "st.state.Upload(st.to())", st.state.Upload(st.to()), "cost", cost, "st.qp", st.qp)
if err := st.qp.SubQuota(cost); err != nil {
log.Warn("Quota waiting ... ...", "quotapool", st.qp.String(), "cost", st.state.Upload(st.to()), "current", st.cvm.BlockNumber)
return ErrQuotaLimitReached
}
//meta, err := st.cvm.GetMetaHash(st.to())
//if err != nil {
// log.Warn("Uploading meta is not exist", "address", st.to(), "number", st.state.GetNum(st.to()), "current", st.cvm.BlockNumber)
// return ErrUnhandleTx
//}
//errCh := make(chan error)
//go st.TorrentSync(meta, st.cvm.Config().StorageDir, errCh)
//select {
//case err := <-errCh:
// if err != nil {
// return err
// }
//}
}
return st.buyGas()
}
/*const interv = 5
func (st *StateTransition) TorrentSync(meta common.Address, dir string, errCh chan error) {
street := big.NewInt(0).Sub(st.cvm.PeekNumber, st.cvm.BlockNumber)
point := big.NewInt(time.Now().Add(confirmTime).Unix())
if point.Cmp(st.cvm.Context.Time) > 0 || street.Cmp(big.NewInt(params.CONFIRM_BLOCKS)) > 0 {
duration := big.NewInt(0).Sub(big.NewInt(time.Now().Unix()), st.cvm.Context.Time)
cost := big.NewInt(0)
for i := 0; i < 3600 && duration.Cmp(cost) > 0; i++ {
if !torrentfs.ExistTorrent(meta.Hex()) {
log.Warn("Torrent synchronizing ... ...", "tvm", st.cvm.Context.Time, "duration", duration, "ago", common.PrettyDuration(time.Duration(duration.Uint64()*1000000000)), "level", i, "number", st.cvm.BlockNumber, "cost", cost, "peek", st.cvm.PeekNumber, "street", street)
cost.Add(cost, big.NewInt(interv))
time.Sleep(time.Second * interv)
continue
} else {
log.Debug("Torrent has been found", "address", st.to(), "number", st.state.GetNum(st.to()), "current", st.cvm.BlockNumber, "meta", meta, "storage", dir, "level", i, "duration", duration, "ago", common.PrettyDuration(time.Duration(duration.Uint64()*1000000000)), "cost", cost)
errCh <- nil
return
}
}
log.Error("Torrent synchronized timeout", "address", st.to(), "number", st.state.GetNum(st.to()), "current", st.cvm.BlockNumber, "meta", meta, "storage", dir, "street", street, "duration", duration, "cost", cost)
} else {
if !torrentfs.ExistTorrent(meta.Hex()) {
log.Warn("Torrent not exist", "address", st.to(), "number", st.state.GetNum(st.to()), "current", st.cvm.BlockNumber, "meta", meta, "storage", dir)
errCh <- ErrUnhandleTx
return
} else {
errCh <- nil
return
}
}
if !torrentfs.ExistTorrent(meta.Hex()) {
log.Error("Torrent synchronized failed", "address", st.to(), "number", st.state.GetNum(st.to()), "current", st.cvm.BlockNumber, "meta", meta, "storage", dir, "street", street)
errCh <- ErrUnhandleTx
return
} else {
errCr <- nil
return
}
}*/
// TransitionDb will transition the state by applying the current message and
// returning the result including the used gas. It returns an error if failed.
// An error indicates a consensus issue.
func (st *StateTransition) TransitionDb() (ret []byte, usedGas uint64, quotaUsed uint64, failed bool, err error) {
if err = st.preCheck(); err != nil {
return
}
msg := st.msg
sender := vm.AccountRef(msg.From())
homestead := st.cvm.ChainConfig().IsHomestead(st.cvm.BlockNumber)
istanbul := st.cvm.ChainConfig().IsIstanbul(st.cvm.BlockNumber)
matureBlockNumber := st.cvm.ChainConfig().GetMatureBlock()
contractCreation := msg.To() == nil
/*if st.uploading() {
if st.qp.Cmp(st.state.Upload(st.to())) < 0 {
return nil, 0, big0, false,ErrQuotaLimitReached
}
}*/
// Pay intrinsic gas
gas, err := IntrinsicGas(st.data, contractCreation, st.uploading(), homestead, istanbul)
if err != nil {
return nil, 0, 0, false, err
}
if err = st.useGas(gas); err != nil {
return nil, 0, 0, false, err
}
if msg.Value().Sign() > 0 && !st.cvm.Context.CanTransfer(st.state, msg.From(), msg.Value()) {
return nil, 0, 0, false, ErrInsufficientFundsForTransfer
}
var (
cvm = st.cvm
// vm errors do not effect consensus and are therefor
// not assigned to err, except for insufficient balance
// error.
vmerr error
)
if contractCreation {
ret, _, st.gas, st.modelGas, vmerr = st.cvm.Create(sender, st.data, st.gas, st.value)
} else {
// Increment the nonce for the next transaction
//if pool.config.NoInfers && asm.HasInferOp(tx.Data()) {
// fmt.Println("Has INFER operation !!! continue ...")
//}
st.state.SetNonce(msg.From(), st.state.GetNonce(sender.Address())+1)
ret, st.gas, st.modelGas, vmerr = st.cvm.Call(sender, st.to(), st.data, st.gas, st.value)
}
if vmerr != nil {
//log.Warn("VM returned with error", "err", vmerr)
//log.Warn("VM returned with error", "err", vmerr, "number", cvm.BlockNumber, "from", msg.From().Hex())
if vmerr == vm.ErrRuntime {
return nil, 0, 0, false, vmerr
}
log.Debug("VM returned with error", "err", vmerr, "number", cvm.BlockNumber, "from", msg.From().Hex())
// The only possible consensus-error would be if there wasn't
// sufficient balance to make the transfer happen. The first
// balance transfer may never fail.
if vmerr == vm.ErrInsufficientBalance {
return nil, 0, 0, false, vmerr
}
//if vmerr == vm.ErrMetaInfoNotMature {
// return nil, 0, big0, false, vmerr
//}
}
//gas cost below this line
st.refundGas()
//model gas
gu := st.gasUsed()
//if (vmerr == nil || vmerr == vm.ErrOutOfGas) && st.modelGas != nil && len(st.modelGas) > 0 { //pay ctx to the model authors by the model gas * current price
if vmerr == nil || (st.cvm.ChainConfig().ChainID.Uint64() == 21 && st.cvm.BlockNumber.Cmp(big.NewInt(16000)) < 0 && vmerr == vm.ErrOutOfGas) {
for addr, mgas := range st.modelGas {
if mgas > params.MODEL_GAS_UP_LIMIT {
continue
}
if gu < mgas {
return nil, 0, 0, false, vm.ErrInsufficientBalance
}
gu -= mgas
reward := new(big.Int).Mul(new(big.Int).SetUint64(mgas), st.gasPrice)
log.Debug("Model author reward", "author", addr.Hex(), "reward", reward, "number", cvm.BlockNumber)
st.state.AddBalance(addr, reward)
}
}
//normal gas
st.state.AddBalance(st.cvm.Coinbase, new(big.Int).Mul(new(big.Int).SetUint64(gu), st.gasPrice))
quota := uint64(0) //default used 4 k quota every tx for testing
if vmerr == nil && st.uploading() {
cur := st.state.Upload(st.to()).Uint64()
if cur > 0 {
quota = math2.Uint64Min(params.PER_UPLOAD_BYTES, cur)
remain := st.state.SubUpload(st.to(), new(big.Int).SetUint64(quota)).Uint64()
var (
ih string
request uint64
//remain uint64
)
//if !st.state.Uploading(st.to()) {
if remain == 0 {
st.state.SetNum(st.to(), st.cvm.BlockNumber)
log.Debug("Upload OK", "address", st.to().Hex(), "waiting", matureBlockNumber, "number", cvm.BlockNumber, "nonce", st.msg.Nonce())
} else {
//remain = st.state.Upload(st.to()).Uint64()
log.Debug("Waiting ...", "address", st.to().Hex(), "number", cvm.BlockNumber, "remain", remain)
}
raw := st.state.GetCode(st.to())
if cvm.IsModel(raw) {
var modelMeta torrentfs.ModelMeta
if err = modelMeta.DecodeRLP(raw); err == nil {
ih = modelMeta.Hash.Hex()
request = modelMeta.RawSize - remain
}
} else if cvm.IsInput(raw) {
var inputMeta torrentfs.InputMeta
if err = inputMeta.DecodeRLP(raw); err == nil {
ih = inputMeta.Hash.Hex()
request = inputMeta.RawSize - remain
}
} else {
return nil, 0, 0, false, vm.ErrRuntime
}
if err != nil {
return nil, 0, 0, false, vm.ErrRuntime
}
info := common.StorageEntry{
Hash: ih,
Size: request,
}
if err = synapse.Engine().Download(info); err != nil {
return nil, 0, 0, false, err
}
}
}
return ret, st.gasUsed(), quota, vmerr != nil, err
}
//vote to model
func (st *StateTransition) uploading() bool {
//log.Trace("Vote tx", "to", st.msg.To(), "sign", st.value.Sign(), "uploading", st.state.Uploading(st.to()), "gas", st.gas, "limit", params.UploadGas)
return st.msg != nil && st.msg.To() != nil && st.value.Sign() == 0 && st.state.Uploading(st.to()) // && st.gas >= params.UploadGas
}
func (st *StateTransition) refundGas() {
// Apply refund counter, capped to half of the used gas.
refund := st.gasUsed() / 2
if refund > st.state.GetRefund() {
refund = st.state.GetRefund()
}
st.gas += refund
// Return ETH for remaining gas, exchanged at the original rate.
remaining := new(big.Int).Mul(new(big.Int).SetUint64(st.gas), st.gasPrice)
st.state.AddBalance(st.msg.From(), remaining)
// Also return remaining gas to the block gas counter so it is
// available for the next transaction.
st.gp.AddGas(st.gas)
}
// gasUsed returns the amount of gas used up by the state transition.
func (st *StateTransition) gasUsed() uint64 {
return st.initialGas - st.gas
}