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119320.xml
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<title>P. Oxy. 74 4975</title>
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<authority>Digital Corpus of Literary Papyri</authority>
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<p>© Digital Corpus of Literary Papyri. This work is licensed under a <ref type="license" target="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/">Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License</ref>.</p>
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<idno type="invNo">Oxford, Sackler Library, Papyrology Rooms 31 4B 10/C(4-6)a</idno>
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<term>official cursive</term>
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<origin>
<origPlace>Found: Oxyrhynchos (Oxyrhynchites, Egypt); written: Oxyrhynchos (Oxyrhynchites, Egypt)</origPlace>
<origDate notBefore="0100" notAfter="0199">100 - 199</origDate>
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<placeName type="ancient" subtype="nome" ref="https://www.trismegistos.org/place/2722">Oxyrhynchites</placeName>
<placeName type="ancient" subtype="region">Egypt</placeName>
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<placeName type="ancient" subtype="nome" ref="https://www.trismegistos.org/place/2722">Oxyrhynchites</placeName>
<placeName type="ancient" subtype="region">Egypt</placeName>
<placeName type="ancient" ref="https://www.trismegistos.org/place/1524">Oxyrhynchos</placeName>
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<term>medicine</term>
<term>prose</term>
<term type="culture">science</term>
<term type="overview">pharmalogical prescriptions</term>
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<language ident="en">English</language>
<language ident="grc">Greek</language>
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<div type="commentary" subtype="frontmatter" xml:space="preserve"><p>Pharmacological manual. The papyrus consists of three fragments (frag. 1: 14 x 13 cm; frag. 2: 2.4 x 4.5 cm; frag. 3: 1.5 x 3.5 cm), and of two insignificant scraps, written on the back of a document. Frag. 1 preserves the upper, left, and right margins of a single column, with four vertical folds at approximately 2.5 cm intervals; the scribe seems deliberately to have left spaces in the text to avoid areas of poor quality on the surface of the papyrus, indicating that they were present when the text was copied. Traces of seven, more incomplete lines, with a portion of a right margin, are visible on frag. 2; the text of frag. 3 is even more lacunary. Supplementation for fragg. 1-2, as well as a comparison of their interlinear spacing and the measures/quantities mentioned, render it unlikely that they can be closely associated. All these fragments preserve sections of a pharmacological manual that contained multiple columns of recipes, each written out in continuous prose line by line (see e.g. P.Ryl. 3.531, P.Oxy. 8.1088, and PSI 10.1180). Recipes are separated by <emph rend="italics">paragraphus</emph> and arranged to a limited degree according to the affected part which they are intended to treat: thus ll. 3-12 (and perhaps also ll. 1-2) deals with the area of groin, while the immediately following recipes are for difficulty of breathing, thereby also overturning the more general <emph rend="italics">a capite ad calcem</emph> arrangement. The hand resembles an official cursive, roughly bilinear and assignable to the 2nd cent. AD, most probably the second half.</p></div>
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<ab>
<lb n="1" rend="ekthesis" xml:id="div1-lb1"/> <expan>ἄλ<ex>λο</ex></expan>· στάφιδα γλυκεῖαν <app type="alternative"><lem>β<gap reason="lost" quantity="6" unit="character" precision="low"/>νω</lem><rdg>β<supplied reason="lost">ραχεῖ οἴ</supplied>νῳ</rdg></app> τρείψας μετὰ
<lb n="2"/>μέλ<supplied reason="lost">ι</supplied>τος κατάπλασον. <supplied reason="lost"><space extent="unknown" unit="character"/></supplied>
<lb n="3" rend="ekthesis" xml:id="div1-lb3"/> πρὸς αἰδοίων πόνον· <app type="alternative"><lem>εν<gap reason="lost" quantity="3" unit="character" precision="low"/><gap reason="illegible" quantity="1" unit="character"/>νι<unclear>α</unclear></lem><rdg>ἔν<supplied reason="lost">ια ὀθ</supplied><unclear>ό</unclear>νι<unclear>α</unclear></rdg></app> κατακαύσας ξηρὰ
<lb n="4"/>τῇ σποδῷ χρῶ.
<milestone rend="paragraphos" unit="undefined"/>
<lb n="5" rend="ekthesis"/> <unclear>ὄρ</unclear>χεω<unclear>ν</unclear> πόνο<unclear>ν</unclear> <unclear>κ</unclear>α<supplied reason="lost">ὶ</supplied> φλεγμονάς· <unclear>πη</unclear>γάν<unclear>ο</unclear>υ καὶ δά
<lb n="6" break="no" xml:id="div1-lb6"/>φην φύλλα μετὰ μέλιτος λ<unclear>ει</unclear>οῖς· κατάπλασον.
<milestone rend="paragraphos" unit="undefined"/>
<lb n="7" rend="ekthesis" xml:id="div1-lb7"/> πρὸς <app type="alternative"><lem>παραμήρια</lem><rdg>παρὰ μήρια</rdg></app>· σπόδιον μετὰ νάρδου λεῖον <choice><reg>ἐμφύσα</reg><orig>ἐνφύσα</orig></choice>.
<milestone rend="paragraphos" unit="undefined"/>
<lb n="8" rend="ekthesis" xml:id="div1-lb8"/> πρὸς ἐντεροκελ<surplus>ε</surplus>ίδια παιδίων· λαβὼν κυπάρισσον
<lb n="9"/>χλωρὰν λέανον μετ’οἴνου Αἰγυπτίου καὶ ποιήσας
<lb n="10"/>σφαῖραν προστίθει καὶ μὴ λύε ἐφ’ <app type="alternative"><lem>ἡμέρα<gap reason="lost" extent="unknown" unit="character"/></lem><rdg>ἡμέρα<supplied reason="lost">ν</supplied></rdg><rdg>ἡμέρα<supplied reason="lost">ς</supplied></rdg></app>
<milestone rend="paragraphos" unit="undefined"/>
<lb n="11" rend="ekthesis"/> πρὸς τὰ τεθηριωμένα <unclear>α</unclear>ἰδοῖα καὶ αἱμο<supplied reason="omitted">ρ </supplied>ροοῦντα· ὀθόνιο<unclear>ν</unclear>
<lb n="12" xml:id="div1-lb12"/>κατακαύσας κ<unclear>αὶ</unclear> <unclear>τ</unclear><supplied reason="lost">ρ<surplus>ε</surplus>ί</supplied><unclear>ψ</unclear>ας ἐπίπασσε.
<milestone rend="paragraphos" unit="undefined"/>
<lb n="13" rend="ekthesis" xml:id="div1-lb13"/> ὀρθόπν<supplied reason="lost">ο</supplied>ιαν αὐθημερεὶ στῆσαι· καρδάμου <gap reason="lost" quantity="9" unit="character" precision="low"/> <supplied reason="lost">ὑοσ</supplied>
<lb n="14" break="no" xml:id="div1-lb14"/>κυάμου σπέρματος πεπέρεως λευκ<supplied reason="lost">οῦ</supplied> <gap reason="lost" extent="unknown" unit="character"/>
<lb n="15" xml:id="div1-lb15"/>τρ<surplus>ε</surplus>ί<unclear>ψ</unclear>ας ἀναπλάσας ἐν μέλιτι ἢ κικί<unclear>ν</unclear><supplied reason="lost">ῳ ἡλίκον κύαμον Αἰ</supplied>
<lb n="16" break="no" xml:id="div1-lb16"/>γύπτιον ἐν μέλιτι καὶ οἴνῳ δί<supplied reason="lost">δου</supplied> <app type="alternative"><lem><gap reason="lost" extent="unknown" unit="character"/></lem><rdg>πίνειν <gap reason="lost" extent="unknown" unit="character"/></rdg></app>
<lb n="17" rend="ekthesis" xml:id="div1-lb17"/> <expan>ἄλ<ex>λο</ex></expan> ὑσσώπου ἀκόπου ὀξύβαφον <gap reason="lost" extent="unknown" unit="character"/>
<lb n="18"/>ἀπόβρεχε ἐν κοτύλης τρίτ<supplied reason="lost">ῳ μορίῳ</supplied> <gap reason="lost" extent="unknown" unit="character"/>
<lb n="19"/><gap reason="lost" extent="unknown" unit="character"/>ἐχομ<supplied reason="lost">έ</supplied><unclear>νη</unclear> ἀφέψ<unclear>ε</unclear>ι εἰς κοτύλην <gap reason="lost" extent="unknown" unit="character"/>
<lb n="20" xml:id="div1-lb20"/><gap reason="lost" extent="unknown" unit="character"/><gap reason="illegible" quantity="1" unit="character"/>αν ἀβρυτάν<unclear>ο</unclear><supplied reason="lost">υ</supplied> <gap reason="lost" extent="unknown" unit="character"/>
<lb n="21"/><gap reason="lost" extent="unknown" unit="character"/><gap reason="illegible" quantity="1" unit="character"/><gap reason="lost" quantity="5" unit="character" precision="low"/>δα<gap reason="lost" extent="unknown" unit="character"/>.<gap reason="lost" extent="unknown" unit="character"/>
</ab></div><div n="2" subtype="fragment" type="textpart">
<ab><lb n="1"/><gap reason="lost" extent="unknown" unit="line"/>
<lb n="1"/><gap reason="lost" extent="unknown" unit="character"/>χ<gap reason="lost" extent="unknown" unit="character"/>
<lb n="2"/><gap reason="lost" extent="unknown" unit="character"/> ποιή<supplied reason="lost">σα</supplied><unclear>ς</unclear> <gap reason="lost" extent="unknown" unit="character"/>
<lb n="3"/><gap reason="lost" extent="unknown" unit="character"/>παντο<gap reason="illegible" quantity="2" unit="character"/>ν
<lb n="4" xml:id="div2-lb5"/><gap reason="lost" extent="unknown" unit="character"/> δαύκους <expan><ex>δράχμαι</ex></expan> <num value="4">δ</num>
<lb n="5"/><app type="alternative"><lem><gap reason="lost" extent="unknown" unit="character"/>νθου</lem><rdg><gap reason="lost" extent="unknown" unit="character"/><supplied reason="lost">χαλκά</supplied>νθου</rdg><rdg><supplied reason="lost">τερεβί</supplied>νθου</rdg></app> <expan><ex>δράχμαι</ex></expan> <num value="4">δ</num> ὑοσ
<lb n="6" break="no"/><supplied reason="lost">κυάμου σπέρματος</supplied><gap reason="lost" extent="unknown" unit="character"/><gap reason="illegible" quantity="1" unit="character"/><gap reason="lost" quantity="1" unit="character"/><gap reason="illegible" quantity="2" unit="character"/>αναπ<gap reason="illegible" quantity="1" unit="character"/><gap reason="lost" extent="unknown" unit="character"/>
<lb n="7"/><gap reason="lost" extent="unknown" unit="character"/><gap reason="illegible" quantity="1" unit="character"/>ταν<gap reason="illegible" quantity="1" unit="character"/><gap reason="lost" extent="unknown" unit="character"/>
<lb n="8"/><gap reason="lost" extent="unknown" unit="character"/><gap reason="illegible" quantity="1" unit="character"/><gap reason="lost" extent="unknown" unit="character"/>
<lb n="8"/><gap reason="lost" extent="unknown" unit="line"/>
</ab></div><div n="3" subtype="fragment" type="textpart">
<ab>
<lb n="1"/><gap reason="lost" extent="unknown" unit="line"/>
<lb n="1"/><gap reason="lost" extent="unknown" unit="character"/>τ<gap reason="lost" extent="unknown" unit="character"/>
<lb n="2"/><gap reason="lost" extent="unknown" unit="character"/>ποσ<gap reason="illegible" quantity="1" unit="character"/><gap reason="lost" extent="unknown" unit="character"/>
<lb n="3" xml:id="div3-lb4"/><gap reason="lost" extent="unknown" unit="character"/>β λε<gap reason="lost" extent="unknown" unit="character"/>
<lb n="4"/><gap reason="lost" extent="unknown" unit="character"/>ν προσ<gap reason="lost" extent="unknown" unit="character"/>
<lb n="5"/><gap reason="lost" extent="unknown" unit="character"/><unclear>ο</unclear>ξως<gap reason="lost" extent="unknown" unit="character"/>
<lb n="6"/><gap reason="lost" extent="unknown" unit="character"/><gap reason="illegible" quantity="1" unit="character"/><gap reason="lost" extent="unknown" unit="character"/>
<lb n="6"/><gap reason="lost" extent="unknown" unit="line"/>
</ab></div></div>
<div type="commentary" subtype="linebyline">
<list>
<item corresp="#div1-lb1" xml:space="preserve"><ref>1</ref> <p>We expect the ingredient with which the raisin is to be pounded.</p></item>
<item corresp="#div1-lb3" xml:space="preserve"><ref>3</ref> <p>Of the first letter after the break, only a faint trace survives high in the line; of the putative <emph rend="italics">alpha</emph>, the beginning of a rising diagonal. Linen is mentioned at ll.11-12 in a recipe for a complaint also affecting the genitals; it is possible that his entry describes a comparable recipe.</p></item>
<item corresp="#div1-lb6" xml:space="preserve"><ref>6</ref> <p>An aorist participle such as λαβών would be expected before the imperative, but the sequence οις seems certain. Of the preceding traces, a curving descender is visible, followed by faint marks which would be consistent with the end of a horizontal meeting a vertical mid-line. The use of the second person singular in such contexts is rare but attested: see P.Acad. inv. 4r. 9-14 [= <listBibl><bibl><ref target="http://papyri.info/biblio/73110">Fournet 2004</ref></bibl></listBibl>, 185-7]</p></item>
<item corresp="#div1-lb7" xml:space="preserve"><ref>7</ref> <p>If the inner thighs are meant, the condition affecting them may be left understood (<emph rend="italics">e.g</emph>. l. 11: αἱμορροῦντα). Alternatively, παρὰ μηρία (“in the area of the thighs”) could be read in which case the affection may be that mentioned in the previous recipe (πόνος καὶ φλεγμοναί).
The extended trait of <emph rend="italics">alpha</emph> serves to distinguish the recipe proper from its application.</p></item>
<item corresp="#div1-lb8" xml:space="preserve"><ref>8</ref> <p>The diminutive ἐντεροκελίδιον, little inguinal hernia, is an hapax.</p></item>
<item corresp="#div1-lb12" xml:space="preserve"><ref>12</ref> <p> τ̣[ρ{ε}ί]ψ̣̣ας seems unavoidable. Of the first letter, only a small trace remains high in the line; after the break, the extreme of a horizontal, rising slightly, almost touches alpha above mid-height, and would appear to be consistent only with <emph rend="italics">epsilon</emph> or <emph rend="italics">psi</emph>.</p></item>
<item corresp="#div1-lb13" xml:space="preserve"><ref>13</ref> <p>αὐθημερεί is an extremely rare form of the adverb, found in inscriptions (<emph rend="italics">e.g</emph>. IG. 2.471.71 and IG. 3.73.24-5).</p></item>
<item corresp="#div1-lb14" xml:space="preserve"><ref>14</ref> <p>The absence of quantities provided for the individual ingredients listed here suggests the supplementation of a word such as ἴσα in the lacuna at the end of this line, <emph rend="italics">i.e.</emph> ‘equal amounts of…’.</p></item>
<item corresp="#div1-lb15" xml:space="preserve"><ref>15-6</ref> <p>For the preparation and administering of this recipe, cf. <emph rend="italics">e.g</emph>. P.Oxy. 8.1088.ii.41-5.</p></item>
<item corresp="#div1-lb16" xml:space="preserve"><ref>16</ref> <p>δί[δου πίνειν] is a common formula used in medical recipes for orally ingested medicaments, and apparently warranted here by the direction to give the prepared drug ‘in honey and wine’.</p></item>
<item corresp="#div1-lb17" xml:space="preserve"><ref>17</ref> <p>The decoction may have been intended to be ingested orally. The liquid in which the hyssop was to be soaked was presumably specified at the end of l. 18, and therefore another ingredient may have been mentioned at the end of l. 17. A parallel may be identifiable in Dsc. 3.25.1 [2.35-6 W.].</p></item>
<item corresp="#div1-lb20" xml:space="preserve"><ref>20</ref> <p>ἀβρότονον is the standard spelling (even if not attested on papyrus), but that found here appears to be a genuine variant among the papyri, attested also at P.Oxy. VIII 1088, col. iii l. 68.</p></item>
<item corresp="#div2-lb5" xml:space="preserve"><ref>4</ref> <p>The genitive form δαύκους is also attested at P.Oxy. 8.1008.ii.50, 53 (the third reference at col. iii 65 may conceal an instance of haplography).</p></item>
<item corresp="#div3-lb4" xml:space="preserve"><ref>3</ref> <p>A small blank space after β here suggests that it is a numeral, specifying a quantity, followed perhaps by a form of λεαίνω, λειόω or λείος.</p></item>
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<!--ignore - start, i.e. SoSOL users may not edit this-->
<title level="s" type="abbreviated">P. Oxy.</title>
<biblScope unit="volume">74</biblScope>
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<bibl type="printed">P. Oxy. 74, pl. 6</bibl>
<bibl type="online">
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