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64598.xml
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<title>TM 64598</title>
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<authority>Digital Corpus of Literary Papyri</authority>
<idno type="dclp">64598</idno>
<idno type="TM">64598</idno>
<idno type="LDAB">5828</idno>
<idno type="filename">64598</idno>
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<p>© Digital Corpus of Literary Papyri. This work is licensed under a <ref type="license" target="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/">Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License</ref>.</p>
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<idno type="invNo">London, Wellcome Foundation Library MS 5753</idno>
<idno type="invNo">London, University College, Dept. of Greek and Latin number unknown</idno>
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<p>papyrus codex (columns: 0, pagination: 0)</p>
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<origPlace>Found: Antinoopolis (Hermopolites, Egypt); written: Egypt</origPlace>
<origDate notBefore="0350" notAfter="0450">350 - 450</origDate>
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<placeName type="ancient" ref="https://www.trismegistos.org/place/2774">Antinoopolis</placeName>
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<term type="overview">Herbal, with illustrations (coloured)</term>
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<div type="commentary" subtype="frontmatter" xml:space="preserve"><p>Illustrated herbal (P.Johnson + P.Ant. 3.214). Six fragments belonging to an illustrated herbal on papyrus codex, written along the fibers on both sides. The fibers indeed run horizontally on both sides, showing that two papyrus sheets have been glued together to form each page of the codex: a very rare and peculiar feature that testifies to the quality of the product. The bigger fragment (12 x 23 cm) is known as P.Johnson after his discoverer (John de Monins Johnson, Antinoupolis 1904) and was published by C. Singer in 1927; the five smaller pieces were later discovered at Antinoupolis as well and described as P.Ant. III 124. Of the latter, only fr. d bears few traces of writing; the others preserve only parts of the illustrations (detailed descriptions can be found in the editions). Each page of the codex was made up of a coloured picture of a plant, followed by a title in eisthesis containing the name of the plant itself, and a caption describing its medical virtues and uses. The few extant portions of text have been supplemented first by Daniela Fausti (ed.alt.) on the ground of parallels found in Dioscorides (especially 4.10,2; 4.102,1; 2.178 RV 1,5 Wellmann), then improved by David Leith (ed.ter.), who recognized the striking similarities with the medical information provided by the Hermetic astrological treatise <emph rend="italics">De virtutibus herbarum</emph>, dating before AD 400 (ed. H.-V. Friedrich, <emph rend="italics">Thessalos von Tralles</emph>, Meisenheim am Glan 1969; especially 1.4 and 2.7). As argued by Leith, it seems very likely that this treatise was an ultimate source for the basic format and surviving text of the Antinoupolis herbal, from which at some time the astrological material had been removed altogether, and the therapeutic sections paraphrased and reorganised. The handwriting is an upright majuscule bookhand, strictly bilinear, dated between the end of the 4th and the beginning of the 5th cent. AD.</p><p><note type="footnote" xml:lang="en">This papyrus has been digitally edited by Nicola Reggiani as part of the Project "DIGMEDTEXT - Online Humanities Scholarship: A Digital Medical Library based on Ancient Texts" (ERC-AdG-2013, Grant Agreement no. 339828) funded by the European Research Council at the University of Parma (Principal Investigator: Prof. Isabella Andorlini). The digital edition is mostly based on the previous editions (ed.pr. = Ch. Singer, P.Johnson = JHS 47, 1927, pp. 31-3 + J.W. Barns - H. Zilliacus, P.Ant. III 214; ed.alt. = D. Fausti, Estratto Provvisorio CPGM, Firenze 1998, pp. 43-58, then Testi medici su papiro, Firenze 2004, pp. 131-50; ed.ter. = D. Leith, ZPE 156, 2006, 141-56).</note></p></div>
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<lb n="1" rend="indent" xml:id="div1-div1-lb2"/> σύμφυ<supplied reason="lost">τον</supplied>
<lb n="2"/>αὔτη ἡ βοτάνη τριβομ<supplied reason="lost">ένη λεία</supplied>
<lb n="3"/>θεραπεύει πᾶσαν <supplied reason="lost">αἱμορραγίαν</supplied>
<lb n="4"/>καὶ τραύματα <unclear>κ</unclear><supplied reason="lost">αὶ νεύρων δια</supplied>
<lb n="5" break="no"/>κοπὰς κολ<unclear>λ</unclear><supplied reason="lost">ᾷ· αἵματος δὲ ἀναγω</supplied>
<lb n="6" break="no" xml:id="div1-div1-lb7"/><unclear>γ</unclear>ὰς θεραπεύ<supplied reason="lost">ει</supplied> <app type="editorial"><lem resp="ed.ter."><app type="alternative"><lem><supplied reason="lost" cert="low">κατὰ τροχὶσκον</supplied></lem><rdg><supplied reason="lost" cert="low">διὰ τροχίσκου</supplied></rdg></app></lem><rdg resp="ed.alt."><supplied reason="lost">καταπλασθεῖσα</supplied></rdg></app> <gap reason="lost" extent="unknown" unit="character"/>
<lb n="7"/><gap reason="illegible" quantity="9" unit="character"/> <gap reason="lost" extent="unknown" unit="character"/>
<lb n="8"/><gap reason="lost" extent="unknown" unit="character"/>περι<gap reason="lost" extent="unknown" unit="character"/>
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<lb n="3"/>καὶ <unclear>σ</unclear>άμψουχον καὶ μυελὸ<add place="above"><unclear>ν</unclear></add> ἐλά
<lb n="4" break="no"/><unclear>φει</unclear><supplied reason="omitted">ον</supplied> <unclear>καὶ</unclear> χαλβ<unclear>ά</unclear>νην καὶ <app type="editorial"><lem resp="ed.ter. after ed.alt.">κηρὸν</lem><rdg resp="ed.pr.">κ<unclear>ορ</unclear>ον</rdg></app> καὶ
<lb n="5"/><choice><reg>τερεβινθίνην</reg><orig><supplied reason="lost">τερ</supplied><unclear>ε</unclear>βηνθίνην</orig></choice> <surplus><unclear>κα</unclear>ὶ</surplus> ῥητί<unclear>νη</unclear>ν
<lb n="6" xml:id="div1-div2-lb7"/><supplied reason="lost">καὶ ἔλα</supplied><unclear>ι</unclear>ον παλαι<unclear>όν</unclear> <add place="above"><handShift new="m2"/>ποιεῖ φ<unclear>ά</unclear><supplied reason="lost">ρμακον</supplied></add>· θεραπεύει
<lb n="7"/><supplied reason="lost">δὲ τοὺς ἀνθ</supplied><unclear>ρ</unclear>ώ<unclear>π</unclear>ους <unclear>β</unclear>λαβ<unclear>έ</unclear>ντας
<lb n="8"/><supplied reason="lost">ὑπὸ <gap reason="illegible" quantity="6" unit="character"/></supplied><gap reason="illegible" quantity="1" unit="character"/>των καὶ παντοί<unclear>ω</unclear>ν
<lb n="9" xml:id="div1-div2-lb10"/><gap reason="lost" extent="unknown" unit="character"/> <supplied reason="lost"><handShift new="m2"/>θερα</supplied>πεύει <g type="cross"/>
<lb n="10" rend="minf" xml:id="div1-div2-lb11"/> <g type="cross"/>
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<lb n="1"/><gap reason="lost" extent="unknown" unit="line"/>
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<lb n="2"/><supplied reason="lost">αὔ</supplied><unclear>τ</unclear>η ἡ β<unclear>οτάνη</unclear> <gap reason="lost" extent="unknown" unit="character"/>
<lb n="3"/><gap reason="lost" extent="unknown" unit="character"/><gap reason="illegible" quantity="1" unit="character"/>ε<gap reason="illegible" quantity="1" unit="character"/><unclear>ηκ</unclear><gap reason="illegible" quantity="5" unit="character"/><gap reason="lost" extent="unknown" unit="character"/>
<lb n="4"/><gap reason="lost" extent="unknown" unit="character"/><gap reason="illegible" quantity="9" unit="character"/><gap reason="lost" extent="unknown" unit="character"/>
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<lb n="1"/> <figure><figDesc>plant</figDesc></figure>
<lb n="1" xml:id="div13-div14-lb2"/><app type="alternative"><lem><gap reason="lost" extent="unknown" unit="character"/><gap reason="illegible" quantity="1" unit="character"/>ρα<unclear>κ</unclear><gap reason="illegible" quantity="3" unit="character"/> ἀρσε<unclear>ν</unclear><gap reason="lost" extent="unknown" unit="character"/></lem><rdg><gap reason="lost" extent="unknown" unit="character"/> <supplied reason="lost">σὺν σανδ</supplied><unclear>α</unclear>ρά<unclear>κηι</unclear> <unclear>ἢ</unclear> ἀρσε<unclear>ν</unclear><supplied reason="lost">ικῶι</supplied> <gap reason="lost" extent="unknown" unit="character"/></rdg></app>
<lb n="2"/><gap reason="lost" extent="unknown" unit="character"/><gap reason="illegible" quantity="1" unit="character"/><gap reason="lost" extent="unknown" unit="character"/><gap reason="illegible" quantity="2" unit="character"/><gap reason="lost" extent="unknown" unit="character"/>
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<lb n="1"/> <figure><figDesc>plant</figDesc></figure>
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<lb n="1"/><gap reason="illegible" extent="unknown" unit="character"><desc>vestiges</desc></gap>
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<list>
<item corresp="#div1-div1-lb2" xml:space="preserve"><ref>1</ref> <p><emph rend="bold">σύμφυτον</emph> "larkspur" (Consolida) is said to heal several types of wounds and hemorrhages (cf. Dsc. <emph rend="italics">MM</emph> 4.9,2; 10,2; Plin. <emph rend="italics">NH</emph> 27.42), and so P.Johnson and (in more details) <emph rend="italics">De virt. herb.</emph> 1.4 (= pp. 89-99, 103-4 Friedrich).</p></item>
<item corresp="#div1-div1-lb7" xml:space="preserve"><ref>6</ref> <p>Fausti's supplement is based on Dsc. <emph rend="italics">MM</emph> 4.10,2; Leith's new proposal on <emph rend="italics">De virt. herb.</emph> 1.4,4.</p></item>
<item corresp="#div1-div2-lb2" xml:space="preserve"><ref>1</ref> <p><emph rend="bold">φλόμος</emph> "mullein" (Verbascum) is said to be similar to the σύμφυτον according to the botanical tradition (cf. Dsc. <emph rend="italics">MM</emph> 1.28,1 and 4.10,1; Plin. <emph rend="italics">NH</emph> 26.137 and 148). Similar healing properties are recorded e.g. by Dsc. <emph rend="italics">MM</emph> 4.103,3, and so P.Johnson.</p></item>
<item corresp="#div1-div2-lb3" xml:space="preserve"><ref>2-6</ref> <p>The ingredients listed here form a recipe for an <emph rend="italics">akopon</emph> paralleled by <emph rend="italics">De virt. herb.</emph> 2.7,1. <emph rend="italics">Akopa</emph> were remedies intended to relieve various kinds of fatigue or pain in the bodym as well as to treat certain neurological conditions (cf. Gal. <emph rend="italics">Comp.med.gen.</emph> 7.11 = 13.1005-9 K). There is a recipe recorded by Galen (<emph rend="italics">ibid.</emph> 7.13 = 13.1034,17-1035,6 K), attributed to Andromachus the Younger (1st cent. AD) and taken from a certain Philokles, which resembles very much the one from <emph rend="italics">De virt. herb.</emph> and from P.Johnson, in employing ἔλαιον (oil), κερός (wax), τερεβινθίνη (turpentine resin), μυελός ἐλάφειος (deer marrow), χαλβάνη (galbanum, Ferula galbaniflua), σάμψυχον (marjoram). </p></item>
<item corresp="#div1-div2-lb7" xml:space="preserve"><ref>6</ref> <p><emph rend="bold">ποιεῖ φάρμακον</emph> was added by a later scribe, likely to highlight the end of the first (pharmacological) section of the caption (see below, l. 9).</p></item>
<item corresp="#div1-div2-lb10" xml:space="preserve"><ref>9</ref> <p><emph rend="bold">θεραπεύει</emph> was added by the later scribe, likely to indicate the end of the second (therapeutic) section of the caption. The following X-like mark is perhaps connected to the similar sign traced in the lower margin.</p></item>
<item corresp="#div1-div2-lb11" xml:space="preserve"><ref>10</ref> <p>Apparently traces of an X-like mark, perhaps used to indicate the end of the book.</p></item>
<item corresp="#div13-div13-lb2" xml:space="preserve"><ref>1</ref> <p>Tentative supplement based on <emph rend="italics">De virt. herb.</emph> 2.1</p></item>
<item corresp="#div13-div14-lb2" xml:space="preserve"><ref>1</ref> <p>Leith's tentative supplement is based on <emph rend="italics">De virt. herb.</emph> 1.12,4, where ἀρσενικός appears along with σανδαράκη in a recipe for an ointment under the entry for the plant ἀριστολοχία. However, the extant sequences of letters may point to ἀρμάρακον "marjoram" (cf. Dsc. <emph rend="italics">MM</emph> 3.39) and ἄρρην/ἄρσην "male" (in <emph rend="italics">De virt. herb.</emph> 1.12,2 the plant ἀριστολοχία is divided into a female and a male type. A further possibility is that the sequence forms part of the ingredient λίβανος ἄρρην, mentioned in a recipe for a plaster in <emph rend="italics">De virt. herb.</emph> 2.5,4 under the entry for the plant πευδέκανος. </p></item>
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<div type="bibliography" subtype="principalEdition">
<listBibl>
<bibl type="reference" subtype="principal">
<ptr target="http://papyri.info/biblio/75153"/>
<!-- ignore - start, i.e. SoSOL users may not edit this -->
<title level="a" type="main">The Antinoopolis Illustrated Herbal (P. Johnson + PAntin. 3.214 = MP3 2095).</title>
<author n="1">
<surname>LEITH</surname>
<forename>David</forename>
</author>
<date>2006</date>
<!-- ignore - stop -->
</bibl>
</listBibl>
</div>
<div type="bibliography" subtype="illustrations">
<listBibl>
<bibl type="printed">JHS 47 (1927), pl.I-II</bibl>
<bibl type="printed">K.Weitzmann, Ancient Book Illumination, 1959, fig.11</bibl>
<bibl type="printed">Aegyptus 63 (1983), pl.3</bibl>
<bibl type="printed">Estratto provvisorio del Corpus dei Papiri Greci di Medicina, 1998, pl.V</bibl>
<bibl type="printed">I.Andorlini, Testi Medici su papiro, Atti del Seminario di studio, Firenze 2002 (Firenze 2004), tav.8-9</bibl>
<bibl type="printed">C. Gallazzi - S. Settis, Le tre vite del papiro di Artemidoro, Milan 2006, p.281 no. 110</bibl>
<bibl type="online">
<ptr target="http://catalogue.wellcome.ac.uk/record=b1605707"/>
</bibl>
</listBibl>
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</body>
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