service-collection.md

Service collection

The // OnNewRoot = On hint specifies to create a static method that will be called for each registered composition root. This method can be used, for example, to create an IServiceCollection object:

interface IDependency;

class Dependency : IDependency;

interface IService
{
    IDependency Dependency { get; }
}

class Service([Tag("Dependency Key")] IDependency dependency) : IService
{
    public IDependency Dependency { get; } = dependency;
}

partial class Composition: ServiceProviderFactory<Composition>
{
    public IServiceCollection ServiceCollection =>
        CreateServiceCollection(this);

    void Setup() =>
        DI.Setup(nameof(Composition))
            .DependsOn(Base)
            .Bind<IDependency>("Dependency Key").As(Lifetime.Singleton).To<Dependency>()
            .Bind<IService>().To<Service>()
            .Root<IDependency>(tag: "Dependency Key")
            .Root<IService>();
}

var composition = new Composition();
var serviceCollection = composition.ServiceCollection;
var serviceProvider = serviceCollection.BuildServiceProvider();
var service = serviceProvider.GetRequiredService<IService>();
var dependency = serviceProvider.GetRequiredKeyedService<IDependency>("Dependency Key");
service.Dependency.ShouldBe(dependency);

The following partial class will be generated:

partial class Composition
{
  private readonly Composition _root;
  private readonly object _lock;

  private Dependency? _singletonDependency36;

  public Composition()
  {
    _root = this;
    _lock = new object();
  }

  internal Composition(Composition parentScope)
  {
    _root = (parentScope ?? throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(parentScope)))._root;
    _lock = _root._lock;
  }

  private IDependency Root1
  {
    [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]
    get
    {
      if (_root._singletonDependency36 == null)
      {
          lock (_lock)
          {
              if (_root._singletonDependency36 == null)
              {
                  _root._singletonDependency36 = new Dependency();
              }
          }
      }

      return _root._singletonDependency36!;
    }
  }

  private IService Root2
  {
    [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]
    get
    {
      if (_root._singletonDependency36 == null)
      {
          lock (_lock)
          {
              if (_root._singletonDependency36 == null)
              {
                  _root._singletonDependency36 = new Dependency();
              }
          }
      }

      return new Service(_root._singletonDependency36!);
    }
  }

  [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]
  public T Resolve<T>()
  {
    return Resolver<T>.Value.Resolve(this);
  }

  [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]
  public T Resolve<T>(object? tag)
  {
    return Resolver<T>.Value.ResolveByTag(this, tag);
  }

  [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]
  public object Resolve(Type type)
  {
    var index = (int)(_bucketSize * ((uint)RuntimeHelpers.GetHashCode(type) % 4));
    ref var pair = ref _buckets[index];
    return pair.Key == type ? pair.Value.Resolve(this) : Resolve(type, index);
  }

  [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.NoInlining)]
  private object Resolve(Type type, int index)
  {
    var finish = index + _bucketSize;
    while (++index < finish)
    {
      ref var pair = ref _buckets[index];
      if (pair.Key == type)
      {
        return pair.Value.Resolve(this);
      }
    }

    throw new InvalidOperationException($"{CannotResolveMessage} {OfTypeMessage} {type}.");
  }

  [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]
  public object Resolve(Type type, object? tag)
  {
    var index = (int)(_bucketSize * ((uint)RuntimeHelpers.GetHashCode(type) % 4));
    ref var pair = ref _buckets[index];
    return pair.Key == type ? pair.Value.ResolveByTag(this, tag) : Resolve(type, tag, index);
  }

  [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.NoInlining)]
  private object Resolve(Type type, object? tag, int index)
  {
    var finish = index + _bucketSize;
    while (++index < finish)
    {
      ref var pair = ref _buckets[index];
      if (pair.Key == type)
      {
        return pair.Value.ResolveByTag(this, tag);
      }
    }

    throw new InvalidOperationException($"{CannotResolveMessage} \"{tag}\" {OfTypeMessage} {type}.");
  }

  private readonly static int _bucketSize;
  private readonly static Pair<Type, IResolver<Composition, object>>[] _buckets;

  static Composition()
  {
    var valResolver_0000 = new Resolver_0000();
    OnNewRoot<IDependency, Dependency>(valResolver_0000, "Root1", "Dependency Key", Lifetime.Singleton);
    Resolver<IDependency>.Value = valResolver_0000;
    var valResolver_0001 = new Resolver_0001();
    OnNewRoot<IService, Service>(valResolver_0001, "Root2", null, Lifetime.Transient);
    Resolver<IService>.Value = valResolver_0001;
    _buckets = Buckets<Type, IResolver<Composition, object>>.Create(
      4,
      out _bucketSize,
      new Pair<Type, IResolver<Composition, object>>[2]
      {
         new Pair<Type, IResolver<Composition, object>>(typeof(IDependency), valResolver_0000)
        ,new Pair<Type, IResolver<Composition, object>>(typeof(IService), valResolver_0001)
      });
  }

  private const string CannotResolveMessage = "Cannot resolve composition root ";
  private const string OfTypeMessage = "of type ";

  private class Resolver<T>: IResolver<Composition, T>
  {
    public static IResolver<Composition, T> Value = new Resolver<T>();

    public virtual T Resolve(Composition composite)
    {
      throw new InvalidOperationException($"{CannotResolveMessage}{OfTypeMessage}{typeof(T)}.");
    }

    public virtual T ResolveByTag(Composition composite, object tag)
    {
      throw new InvalidOperationException($"{CannotResolveMessage}\"{tag}\" {OfTypeMessage}{typeof(T)}.");
    }
  }

  private sealed class Resolver_0000: Resolver<IDependency>
  {
    public override IDependency Resolve(Composition composition)
    {
      return base.Resolve(composition);
    }

    public override IDependency ResolveByTag(Composition composition, object tag)
    {
      switch (tag)
      {
        case "Dependency Key":
          return composition.Root1;

        default:
          return base.ResolveByTag(composition, tag);
      }
    }
  }

  private sealed class Resolver_0001: Resolver<IService>
  {
    public override IService Resolve(Composition composition)
    {
      return composition.Root2;
    }

    public override IService ResolveByTag(Composition composition, object tag)
    {
      switch (tag)
      {
        case null:
          return composition.Root2;

        default:
          return base.ResolveByTag(composition, tag);
      }
    }
  }
}

Class diagram:

classDiagram
	class Composition {
		<<partial>>
		-IDependency _
		-IService _
		+ T ResolveᐸTᐳ()
		+ T ResolveᐸTᐳ(object? tag)
		+ object Resolve(Type type)
		+ object Resolve(Type type, object? tag)
	}
	Dependency --|> IDependency : "Dependency Key" 
	class Dependency {
		+Dependency()
	}
	Service --|> IService
	class Service {
		+Service(IDependency dependency)
	}
	class IDependency {
		<<interface>>
	}
	class IService {
		<<interface>>
	}
	Service o-- "Singleton" Dependency : "Dependency Key"  IDependency
	Composition ..> Dependency : IDependency _
	Composition ..> Service : IService _