Day9 - List in python.ipynb

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   "cell_type": "markdown",
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   "source": [
    "# **List in Python (Part-1)**"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## What are Lists?\n",
    "List is a data type where you can store multiple items under 1 name. More technically, lists act like dynamic arrays which means you can add more items on the fly.\n",
    "\n",
    "![Alt text](image.png)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Characterstics of a List:\n",
    "\n",
    "- Ordered\n",
    "- Changeble/Mutable\n",
    "- Hetrogeneous\n",
    "- Can have duplicates\n",
    "- are dynamic\n",
    "- can be nested\n",
    "- items can be accessed \n",
    "- can contain any kind of objects in python"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Creating a List"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 3,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "[]\n",
      "[1, 2, 3, 4, 5]\n",
      "[1, 2, 3, [4, 5]]\n",
      "[[[1, 2], [3, 4]]]\n",
      "[1, True, 5.6, (5+6j), 'Hello']\n",
      "['h', 'e', 'l', 'l', 'o']\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# Empty\n",
    "print([])\n",
    "\n",
    "# 1D -> Homo\n",
    "print([1,2,3,4,5])\n",
    "\n",
    "# 2D \n",
    "print([1,2,3,[4,5]])\n",
    "\n",
    "# 3D\n",
    "print([[[1,2],[3,4]]])\n",
    "\n",
    "# Heterogenous\n",
    "print([1,True,5.6,5+6j,'Hello'])\n",
    "\n",
    "# Using Type conversion\n",
    "print(list('hello'))\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Accessing Items from a List"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "* Indexing\n",
    "* Slicing"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 11,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "[2, 3, 4]\n",
      "[]\n",
      "2\n",
      "6\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# indexing\n",
    "L = [[[1,2],[3,4]],[[5,6],[7,8]]]\n",
    "L1 = [1,2,3,4]\n",
    "\n",
    "# Positive Indexing \n",
    "print(L1[1:4])\n",
    "\n",
    "print(L[0][0][1]) # for 2\n",
    "\n",
    "#How to extract 6\n",
    "print(L[1][0][1])"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 13,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "[[5, 6], [7, 8]]\n",
      "8\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# Negative indexing\n",
    "L = [[[1,2],[3,4]],[[5,6],[7,8]]]\n",
    "L1 = [1,2,3,4]\n",
    "\n",
    "print(L[-1])\n",
    "\n",
    "# how to extract 8 with negative \n",
    "print(L[-1][-1][-1])"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 14,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "[6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1]\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# Slicing\n",
    "L = [1,2,3,4,5,6]\n",
    "\n",
    "print(L[::-1])"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Adding Items to a List"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 15,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, True]\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# Apend -> The append method is used to add an item to the end of a list.\n",
    "L =  [1,2,3,4,5]\n",
    "L.append(True)\n",
    "print(L)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 19,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 2]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 19,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# Extend -> The extend method is used to append elements from an iterable (e.g., another list) to the end of the current list.\n",
    "L = [1,2,3,4,5]\n",
    "L.extend([2])\n",
    "L\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 1,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "[1, 100, 2, 3, 4]\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# insert -> The insert method allows you to add an item at a specific position in the list. It takes two arguments: the index where you want to insert the item and the item itself.\n",
    "l = [1,2,3,4]\n",
    "\n",
    "l.insert(1,100) \n",
    "print(l)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Editing items in a List"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 4,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 300]\n",
      "[1, 200, 300, 400, 5, 300]\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "l = [1,2,3,4,5,6]\n",
    "\n",
    "# editing with indexing\n",
    "l[-1] = 300\n",
    "print(l)\n",
    "\n",
    "# editong with slicing\n",
    "l[1:4] = [200,300,400]\n",
    "print(l)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Deleting items from a List"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 8,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "[1, 2, 4, 5]\n",
      "[1, 2]\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# del -> The del statement is used to remove an item from a list based on its index.\n",
    "l = [1,2,3,4,5]\n",
    "\n",
    "#indexing\n",
    "del l[2]\n",
    "print(l)\n",
    "\n",
    "# slicing\n",
    "del l[2:4]\n",
    "print(l)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 10,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "[1, 3]\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# remove -> The remove method is used to remove the first occurrence of a specific value from the list.\n",
    "l = [1,2,3]\n",
    "\n",
    "l.remove(2)\n",
    "\n",
    "print(l)\n",
    "\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 11,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "[1, 2, 3, 4]\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# pop -> The pop method is used to remove and return an item from the list based on its index. \n",
    "# If you don't provide an index, it will remove and return the last item by default.\n",
    "L = [1,2,3,4,5]\n",
    "\n",
    "L.pop()\n",
    "\n",
    "print(L)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 12,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "[]\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# clear -> The clear method is used to remove all items from the list, effectively emptying it.\n",
    "L = [1,2,3,4,5]\n",
    "\n",
    "L.clear()\n",
    "\n",
    "print(L)"
   ]
  },
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