PowerShell 调用阿里云 Cli 创建手动快照并重启实例

[Dream4ever]

需求描述

为了方便运维，便写了个 PowerShell 脚本，每周定时执行该脚本，来给阿里云服务器上的各块云盘创建手动快照，并在快照均创建完毕之后重启实例。

前期准备

• 在Windows上安装阿里云CLI
• 配置阿里云CLI > 配置凭证 > 交互式配置（快速配置）

关键代码

cls

# 在这里记录各云盘的 ID
$cDiskId = "d-****"
$dDiskId = "d-****"
$eDiskId = "d-****"

# 为各云盘创建快照的代码
# 利用字符串模板提高代码复用性
$cmdTemplate = "aliyun ecs CreateSnapshot --DiskId {0} --SnapshotName '{1}-Disk-Before-Reboot'"
$cDiskBackupCmd = $cmdTemplate -f $cDiskId, "C"
$dDiskBackupCmd = $cmdTemplate -f $dDiskId, "D"
$eDiskBackupCmd = $cmdTemplate -f $eDiskId, "E"

# 执行创建快照的操作，并获取命令执行后返回的快照 ID
$cSnapShotId = iex $cDiskBackupCmd
$cSnapShotId = $cSnapShotId[2] | ConvertFrom-String
$cSnapShotId = $cSnapShotId.P3 -replace '"',''
$dSnapShotId = iex $dDiskBackupCmd
$dSnapShotId = $dSnapShotId[2] | ConvertFrom-String
$dSnapShotId = $dSnapShotId.P3 -replace '"',''
$eSnapShotId = iex $eDiskBackupCmd
$eSnapShotId = $eSnapShotId[2] | ConvertFrom-String
$eSnapShotId = $eSnapShotId.P3 -replace '"',''

#Write-Host $("C 盘快照 ID：{0}" -f $cSnapShotId)
#Write-Host $("D 盘快照 ID：{0}" -f $dSnapShotId)
#Write-Host $("E 盘快照 ID：{0}" -f $eSnapShotId)

# 查询各云盘快照的代码
$snapshotQueryTemplate = "aliyun ecs DescribeSnapshots --RegionId cn-qingdao --DiskId {0} --SnapshotType user --output cols=SnapshotId,SnapshotName,Status rows=Snapshots.Snapshot[]"
$cDiskSnapshotsQueryCmd = $snapshotQueryTemplate -f $cDiskId
$dDiskSnapshotsQueryCmd = $snapshotQueryTemplate -f $dDiskId
$eDiskSnapshotsQueryCmd = $snapshotQueryTemplate -f $eDiskId

$stopFlag = $FALSE
while(!$stopFlag) {
  # 每 20 秒查询一次各云盘快照
  $cDiskSnapshots = iex $cDiskSnapshotsQueryCmd
  $dDiskSnapshots = iex $dDiskSnapshotsQueryCmd
  $eDiskSnapshots = iex $eDiskSnapshotsQueryCmd

  $cSnapShotStatus = ""
  $dSnapShotStatus = ""
  $eSnapShotStatus = ""

  # 在各云盘的快照列表中找到本次创建的快照，获取其状态
  forEach ($cDiskSnapshot in $cDiskSnapshots) {
    if ($cDiskSnapshot -match $cSnapShotId) {
      $cSnapShotStatus = $cDiskSnapshot.Split(' | ')[-1]
      #Write-Host $("C 盘快照状态: {0} {1}" -f $cSnapShotStatus,$(Get-Date))
    }
  }
  forEach ($dDiskSnapshot in $dDiskSnapshots) {
    if ($dDiskSnapshot -match $dSnapShotId) {
      $dSnapShotStatus = $dDiskSnapshot.Split(' | ')[-1]
      #Write-Host $("D 盘快照状态: {0} {1}" -f $dSnapShotStatus,$(Get-Date))
    }
  }
  forEach ($eDiskSnapshot in $eDiskSnapshots) {
    if ($eDiskSnapshot -match $eSnapShotId) {
      $eSnapShotStatus = $eDiskSnapshot.Split(' | ')[-1]
      #Write-Host $("E 盘快照状态: {0} {1}`n" -f $eSnapShotStatus,$(Get-Date))
    }
  }

  # 如各云盘的快照均创建完成，则结束循环
  if (($cSnapShotStatus -eq 'accomplished') -and ($dSnapShotStatus -eq 'accomplished') -and ($eSnapShotStatus -eq 'accomplished')) {
    $stopFlag = $TRUE
    Break
  }

  Start-Sleep -Seconds 20
}

#Write-Host "所有磁盘快照已创建成功！"

# 最后重启实例即可
$rebootCmd = "aliyun ecs RebootInstance --InstanceId i-****"
iex $rebootCmd

自动运行

脚本编写完成后，将其添加到 Windows 的计划任务中，每周定时运行即可。

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