Amazon S3 proofs #36

PatrikHudak · 2018-09-12T20:17:58Z

Service name

Amazon (AWS) S3

Proof

Amazon S3 service is indeed vulnerable. Amazon S3 follows pretty much the same concept of virtual hosting as other cloud providers. S3 buckets might be configured as website hosting to serve static content as web servers. If the canonical domain name has website in it, the S3 bucket is specified as Website hosting. I suspect that non-website and website configured buckets are handled by separate load balancers, and therefore they don't work with each other. The only difference will be in the bucket creation where correct website flag needs to be set if necessary. Step-by-step process:

Go to S3 panel
Click Create Bucket
Set Bucket name to source domain name (i.e., the domain you want to take over)
Click Next multiple times to finish
Open the created bucket
Click Upload
Select the file which will be used for PoC (HTML or TXT file). I recommend naming it differently than index.html; you can use poc (without extension)
In Permissions tab select Grant public read access to this object(s)
After upload, select the file and click More -> Change metadata
Click Add metadata, select Content-Type and value should reflect the type of document. If HTML, choose text/html, etc.
(Optional) If the bucket was configured as a website
1. Switch to Properties tab
2. Click Static website hosting
3. Select Use this bucket to host a website
4. As an index, choose the file that you uploaded
5. Click Save

To verify the domain, I run:

http -b GET http://{SOURCE DOMAIN NAME} | grep -E -q '<Code>NoSuchBucket</Code>|<li>Code: NoSuchBucket</li>' && echo "Subdomain takeover may be possible" || echo "Subdomain takeover is not possible"

Note that there are two possible error pages depending on the bucket settings (set as website hosting or not).

Some reports on H1, claiming S3 buckets:

Documentation

There are several formats of domains that Amazon uses for S3 (RegExp):

^[a-z0-9\.\-]{0,63}\.?s3.amazonaws\.com$
^[a-z0-9\.\-]{0,63}\.?s3-website[\.-](eu|ap|us|ca|sa|cn)-\w{2,14}-\d{1,2}\.amazonaws.com(\.cn)?$
^[a-z0-9\.\-]{0,63}\.?s3[\.-](eu|ap|us|ca|sa)-\w{2,14}-\d{1,2}\.amazonaws.com$
^[a-z0-9\.\-]{0,63}\.?s3.dualstack\.(eu|ap|us|ca|sa)-\w{2,14}-\d{1,2}\.amazonaws.com$

Note that there are cases where only raw domain (e.g. s3.amazon.com) is included in CNAME and takeover is still possible.

(Documentation taken from https://0xpatrik.com/takeover-proofs/)

The text was updated successfully, but these errors were encountered:

PatrikHudak · 2018-09-15T19:02:59Z

Official documentation link: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonS3/latest/dev/VirtualHosting.html

sumgr0 · 2019-03-14T16:03:58Z

I've come across a sub-domain which confirms the error message:

NoSuchBucket
The specified bucket does not exist
randombucket-assets

When use the dig command, the CNAME points to a random.cloudfront.net URL.

On trying to follow the above steps, getting below message while creating the S3 bucket with same name:
"Bucket name already exists"

I'm entering the full sub-domain name in the bucket name. Am I missing something to check?

Update: I've been able to find the S3 bucket URL: subdomain.s3.amazonaws.com

soynek · 2019-07-09T08:13:47Z

id 64053
opcode QUERY
rcode NOERROR
flags QR RD RA
;QUESTION
girishsarwal.me. IN CNAME
;ANSWER
;AUTHORITY
something.me. 899 IN SOA ns-732.awsdns-27.net. awsdns-hostmaster.amazon.com. 1 7200 900 1209600 86400
;ADDITIONAL

in s3 bucket, i'm facing this problem. What's solution for this ?

codingo · 2019-07-09T11:05:30Z

@soynek You're going to need to dig into the documentation for this one, we've had to draw the line at this repository being treated like a support desk. This is here to outline the work people have contributed back, and to outline vulnerable areas, but if you have a specific subdomain takeover question then the documentation for that service is where you should be looking.

soynek · 2019-07-09T18:24:51Z

@codingo
I want to takeover a subdomain and i face that problem as in picture showing. Any solution for this?

yoursquad13 · 2020-02-23T10:39:15Z

Hi
I found a domain with CNAME *.cloudfront.net
When I access it from browser it returned empty. I tried to add it to bucket by steps above and was successfully added. But when I access it, it's still empty, I tried other subdomains from same domain but they say 'Bucket name already exist'.
Please explain me this

PatrikHudak · 2020-02-23T12:07:19Z

@yoursquad13 Because *.cloudfront.net is not a subdomain for S3

nynuz · 2020-02-26T15:26:48Z

Hi, during a bug bounty activity I have found a subdomain vulnerable to takeover, the dig command returns this information:
sub.example.com CNAME [bucket_name].s3.amazonaws.com
and then:
[bucket_name].s3.amazonaws.com CNAME s3-1-w.amazonaws.com
I haven't the region information from dig command.

Also if I visit the page, I get an XML error. Below is the screenshot:

The subdomain would seem vulnerable to takeover, but when I go to create the bucket from my AWS console, I get the following error:
Bucket name already exists

Anyone can help me?
Thank You!

OGoodness · 2020-05-04T16:36:01Z

@webliqui
Any news on this issue? I am running into the same thing

soareswallace · 2020-05-04T18:36:18Z

Have you guys ran the AWS CLI like aws s3 ls <bucket_name>? I think this command search in all regions for a bucket name.

theinfosecguy · 2020-05-05T11:49:16Z

@webliqui You found something?
I'm facing the same issue.
@codingo Do you have some solution for this?

Zachswan1 · 2020-06-19T06:30:01Z

same issue as @webliqui. @codingo?

soareswallace · 2020-06-23T22:16:48Z

I believe, as I mentioned above, this issue is related to the region. This bucket may not be created on the region that you are testing on. But if you use the AWS CLI (aws s3 ls <bucket_name>) I believe you would find the bucket. I suggest you to test using the AWS CLI.

Mik317 · 2020-07-05T10:14:43Z

Hi @soareswallace :),
I got the same error and when I execute the command you suggested in the latest reply, I get this error: An error occurred (AllAccessDisabled) when calling the ListObjectsV2 operation: All access to this object has been disabled ... any tip to make possible the take over ?

Regards,
Mik

soareswallace · 2020-07-09T18:49:20Z

I believe when we get this message @Mik317 , the take over is not possible. This message show that the bucket does exist and has an owner.

Stay safe,

Wallace

Mik317 · 2020-07-09T18:55:37Z

Hi @soareswallace :).
Thanks for the reply. I'll be lucky the next time ;)

Until that, stay safe and hack the world ;)

Regards,
Mik

FaizanNehal · 2020-07-15T15:47:21Z

Hi @soareswallace
I discovered a subdomain whose CNAME is point to *.elb.amazonaws.com.
How can I takeover this subdomain? Is the process same as creating a s3 bucket?

soareswallace · 2020-07-15T16:34:48Z

Hi @FaizanNehal,

I tried once, but never found out how to do it. I also would like to know how we can takeover. Let us know if you discover anything.

Wallace

vemoa · 2020-07-21T06:45:36Z

Anyone knows about amazon route 53???? Is it vulnerable?

PxHunt3r · 2020-08-04T16:31:00Z

I found a subdomain.domain.com that is vulnerable, and confirmed with dig that CNAME was for s3 bucket in Verginia
When I tried creating the bucket with the same name it worked but the endpoint for the bucket was like so:
^[a-z0-9\.\-]{0,63}\.?s3-website[\.-](eu|ap|us|ca|sa|cn)-\w{2,14}-\d{1,2}\.amazonaws.com(\.cn)?$
Which is mentioned in the documentation. OR
^[a-z0-9\.\-]{0,63}\.?s3.amazonaws\.com$/subdomain.domain.com/
Which is not.

my question is since it is not mentioned in the steps above how to make those regexes point to subdomain.domain.com?

GDATTACKER-RESEARCHER · 2020-09-04T16:41:24Z

is this service still vulnerable?

pdelteil · 2020-09-23T19:05:28Z

Hi @soareswallace
I discovered a subdomain whose CNAME is point to *.elb.amazonaws.com.
How can I takeover this subdomain? Is the process same as creating a s3 bucket?

Not really, usually before the elb there's a random number.

anantupadhya · 2020-09-25T05:23:28Z

Hi,
I have found "The specified bucket does not exist" for few subdomains. But when I do a dig, the subdomains fail to give a CNAME record. So does it mean that they are not vulnerable. Or am I missing something here?

empty00 · 2021-03-18T16:28:13Z

Hi @soareswallace
I discovered a subdomain whose CNAME is point to *.elb.amazonaws.com.
How can I takeover this subdomain? Is the process same as creating a s3 bucket?

did u find any info about it?

soareswallace · 2021-03-18T16:32:32Z

So far, from what I could search about it, is not possibly to take over amazon's load balance.

soareswallace · 2021-03-18T16:33:38Z

And as @pdelteil replied above:

Not really, usually before the elb there's a random number.

empty00 · 2021-03-18T16:37:04Z

okey , thanks

GDATTACKER-RESEARCHER · 2021-05-23T13:56:44Z

id 64053
opcode QUERY
rcode NOERROR
flags QR RD RA
;QUESTION
girishsarwal.me. IN CNAME
;ANSWER
;AUTHORITY
something.me. 899 IN SOA ns-732.awsdns-27.net. awsdns-hostmaster.amazon.com. 1 7200 900 1209600 86400
;ADDITIONAL

in s3 bucket, i'm facing this problem. What's solution for this ?

in this case i try to create bucket by deleteing at recreating it ofcourse it take time but work it.

4nibhal · 2023-09-16T17:00:12Z

Hi guys, is this still vulnerable?
I get an error that the bucket name is already taken.🤔

six2dez · 2023-11-02T10:07:52Z

Hi guys I found the following scenario:

subdomain.example.com returning NoSuchBucket
dig cname subdomain.example.com returns:

> dig cname subdomain.example.com                                                                   

; <<>> DiG 9.18.12-0ubuntu0.22.04.3-Ubuntu <<>> cname subdomain.example.com
;; global options: +cmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 43658
;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 1

;; OPT PSEUDOSECTION:
; EDNS: version: 0, flags:; udp: 65494
;; QUESTION SECTION:
;subdomain.example.com.	IN	CNAME

;; ANSWER SECTION:
subdomain.example.com. 3600 IN	CNAME	RANDOM_NAME_SEQUENCE.s3.amazonaws.com.

;; Query time: 31 msec
;; SERVER: 127.0.0.53#53(127.0.0.53) (UDP)
;; WHEN: Thu Nov 02 10:55:24 CET 2023
;; MSG SIZE  rcvd: 131

Checked bucket region by curl -sI RANDOM_NAME_SEQUENCE.s3.amazonaws.com | grep bucket-region
Claimed and created an S3 bucket with the name RANDOM_NAME_SEQUENCE.s3.amazonaws.com on the region from the previous step and uploaded a poc to RANDOM_NAME_SEQUENCE.s3.amazonaws.com/poc, made it public, both the bucket and the poc file.
Navigated to https://RANDOM_NAME_SEQUENCE.s3.amazonaws.com/poc and the file shows properly.
subdomain.example.com/poc still shows NoSuchBucket.

Also tried the to create the bucket as static website hosting. Does anyone found this scenario or know what's happening here?

C0oki3s · 2023-11-02T11:28:27Z

@six2dez please refer to this issue #361 I have faced similar kind of scenario hope it will be useful

cyberduck404 · 2023-12-30T08:04:12Z

Bucket with the same name already exists

Is this edge case now?

GDATTACKER-RESEARCHER · 2023-12-30T08:08:07Z

Bucket with the same name already exists
Is this edge case now?

No

crazymonk007 · 2024-06-03T09:30:52Z

id 64053 opcode QUERY rcode NOERROR flags QR RD RA ;QUESTION girishsarwal.me. IN CNAME ;ANSWER ;AUTHORITY something.me. 899 IN SOA ns-732.awsdns-27.net. awsdns-hostmaster.amazon.com. 1 7200 900 1209600 86400 ;ADDITIONAL
in s3 bucket, i'm facing this problem. What's solution for this ?

@soynek did you ever find a solution to this? If so, how did you fix it?

Bucket region mismatch change region

@GDATTACKER-RESEARCHER how can you find out which one you need to change to out of the 22 options?

Different ways depend on case by case bases by ping, other buckets in use by site, cname etc

Could you explainin a little more detail. Iam facing the same problem

While working on a bug bounty, I found that a subdomain was vulnerable to subdomain takeover via an AWS S3 bucket. I created a bucket with the same name and uploaded an HTML file to take over the subdomain. However, when I visited the domain after creating the bucket, I encountered the following error:


400 Bad Request

Code: IncorrectEndpoint

Message: The specified bucket exists in another region. Please direct requests to the specified endpoint.

Endpoint: [bite-lt.pms-ou.aon.com.s3-website-us-west-2.amazonaws.com](http://bite-lt.pms-ou.aon.com.s3-website-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/)

RequestId: WAD8676JGAR3HYMJ

HostId: mQPpVkRu9vHxhHiWKBoZu/9/c9RG5EXzr+eLtWB29RiRFQzMZ4ib6hl0mhcIa31IwD+Wj7EFims=

The error indicates that us-west-2 is the incorrect endpoint, meaning I created the bucket in the wrong region. To identify the correct region, I used nslookup and dig, which provided me with the following IPs:

104.18.38.14
172.64.149.242

Could you please guide me on how to determine the correct AWS region to create the bucket in order to successfully take over the domain?

EdOverflow added the vulnerable Someone has provided proof in the issue ticket that one can hijack subdomains on this service. label Sep 13, 2018

sumgr0 mentioned this issue May 28, 2019

Using HTTP instead of CURL anshumanbh/tko-subs#34

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Amazon S3 proofs #36

Amazon S3 proofs #36

PatrikHudak commented Sep 12, 2018 •

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PatrikHudak commented Sep 15, 2018

sumgr0 commented Mar 14, 2019 •

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soynek commented Jul 9, 2019

codingo commented Jul 9, 2019

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yoursquad13 commented Feb 23, 2020

PatrikHudak commented Feb 23, 2020

nynuz commented Feb 26, 2020 •

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OGoodness commented May 4, 2020

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theinfosecguy commented May 5, 2020

Zachswan1 commented Jun 19, 2020

soareswallace commented Jun 23, 2020

Mik317 commented Jul 5, 2020

soareswallace commented Jul 9, 2020

Mik317 commented Jul 9, 2020

FaizanNehal commented Jul 15, 2020

soareswallace commented Jul 15, 2020

vemoa commented Jul 21, 2020

PxHunt3r commented Aug 4, 2020

GDATTACKER-RESEARCHER commented Sep 4, 2020

pdelteil commented Sep 23, 2020

anantupadhya commented Sep 25, 2020

empty00 commented Mar 18, 2021

soareswallace commented Mar 18, 2021

soareswallace commented Mar 18, 2021

empty00 commented Mar 18, 2021

GDATTACKER-RESEARCHER commented May 23, 2021

4nibhal commented Sep 16, 2023

six2dez commented Nov 2, 2023 •

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C0oki3s commented Nov 2, 2023

cyberduck404 commented Dec 30, 2023

GDATTACKER-RESEARCHER commented Dec 30, 2023

crazymonk007 commented Jun 3, 2024

Amazon S3 proofs #36

Amazon S3 proofs #36

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PatrikHudak commented Sep 12, 2018 • edited Loading

Service name

Proof

Documentation

PatrikHudak commented Sep 15, 2018

sumgr0 commented Mar 14, 2019 • edited Loading

soynek commented Jul 9, 2019

codingo commented Jul 9, 2019

soynek commented Jul 9, 2019 • edited Loading

yoursquad13 commented Feb 23, 2020

PatrikHudak commented Feb 23, 2020

nynuz commented Feb 26, 2020 • edited Loading

OGoodness commented May 4, 2020

soareswallace commented May 4, 2020 • edited Loading

theinfosecguy commented May 5, 2020

Zachswan1 commented Jun 19, 2020

soareswallace commented Jun 23, 2020

Mik317 commented Jul 5, 2020

soareswallace commented Jul 9, 2020

Mik317 commented Jul 9, 2020

FaizanNehal commented Jul 15, 2020

soareswallace commented Jul 15, 2020

vemoa commented Jul 21, 2020

PxHunt3r commented Aug 4, 2020

GDATTACKER-RESEARCHER commented Sep 4, 2020

pdelteil commented Sep 23, 2020

anantupadhya commented Sep 25, 2020

empty00 commented Mar 18, 2021

soareswallace commented Mar 18, 2021

soareswallace commented Mar 18, 2021

empty00 commented Mar 18, 2021

GDATTACKER-RESEARCHER commented May 23, 2021

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