Team Typhoon Analysts Members - ITBA 3207
Alangilan, Christine Joy M.
Introduction
The Philippines' apparent vulnerability to natural disasters emerges from its geographic location within the Pacific Ring of Fire. The country is surrounded by large bodies of water and faces the Pacific Ocean, which produces 60% of the world's typhoons. Approximately twenty tropical cyclones pass through the Philippine area of responsibility each year, ten of which are typhoons and five of which are catastrophic (Brown, 2013). Due to a lack of preparedness and response, families in rural areas are more likely to be hit. According to the Weather Underground (n.d.), hurricanes are becoming a global threat as they solidify and more super tropical storms emerge. As a result, every municipality should have a high level of safety and security. However, government agencies and non-governmental organizations in the Philippines promote emergency preparedness, but they have yet to acquire the public's general attention; like in Yolanda's storm surge disaster, where there is insufficient public awareness of storm surges, higher casualties have occurred (Commission on Audit, n.d.). The Commission on Audit (n.d.) also reported that the mayor of Tacloban City stated that more lives may have been saved if storm surges were labeled as tsunami-like. According to the National Research Council et al. (1991), preparedness is indeed the way of transforming a community's awareness of potential natural hazards into actions that strengthen its ability to respond to and recover from disasters. Proposals for preparedness must address the immediate response and all the longer-term recovery and rehabilitation.
This analysis aims to construct an Exploratory Data Analysis of Typhoons from 2019 that prompted the most casualty rates in the country and data on the municipal governments that had the least number of affected families' individuals per typhoon. Moreover, global datasets about hurricanes in the U.S. from the Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters' Emergency Events Database (EM-DAT) will be utilized in the same manner as mentioned in the Philippines Data set to know which location in the United States had the most successful response and mitigation plan for typhoons. This information will be used to construct a Typhoon Mitigation and Response Plan that may help the Philippines deal with hurricanes. Integrating various programs from other countries will increase the likelihood of Filipinos' survival and recovery from typhoons.
Problem Statement
The primary issue addressed by this project is the lack of a mitigation and response framework among the cities and municipalities located throughout the Philippine archipelago. This was a significant component that might have a long-term impact on the lives of all Filipinos. Concerning this subject, the Senate Economic Planning Office (2017) conducted a study that evaluates the most often experienced problems and issues by various organizations in the Philippines. Among these concerns include a lack of coordination and collaboration amongst parties, the inadequate ability of line agencies and local government units to carry out DRRM tasks; reduced emphasis assigned to DRRM operations; inadequate enforcement of rules and policies; and scarcity of and difficulty in obtaining DRRM data/information. These are the concerns that this study seeks to address.
Significance of the Proposed Project
This data analysis research will provide fresh light on the country's reaction to and mitigation of the consequences of typhoons. This research will specifically benefit the following:
- Government
This research will aid them in taking immediate action, prior to a disaster, to mitigate losses in the case of a typhoon disaster. The planning process and suggested ideas from established frameworks in the United States will assist them in determining how to plan, create, and develop the community while fostering risk-reduction collaborations.
- Community
This research educates the community about the solutions and methods that might be implemented to ensure their safety during typhoon catastrophes and floods.
- Students
Students would immediately benefit from this research since its findings may motivate them to investigate data analytics as a way to assist the community in which they live in developing efficient disaster mitigation and response plans, particularly for typhoons. They will also be informed of their precautions to safeguard themselves and their loved ones against storms and floods.
- Parents
This research may persuade parents to pursue programs that include instruction to assist pupils in coping with the damaging impacts of typhoons.
- Future Researchers
This paper discusses mitigation and response frameworks to minimize the devastation caused by typhoons. Thus, the findings of this study may be utilized to inform future conversations and analysis of effective frameworks employed by governments throughout the world that the Philippine government could adopt for its own system.
Methods
The primary issue tackled by this project is the inadequacy of a mitigation and response framework across the Philippine archipelago's cities and municipalities. This was a critical component that might have long-term consequences for the lives of all Filipinos. The Senate Economic Planning Office (2017) researches this subject, evaluating the most often encountered challenges and concerns by various organizations in the Philippines. The researchers will conduct an Exploratory analysis approach on the data sets selected for this study to address this. The primary objective of the exploratory analysis is to discover (Calzon, 2022). And according to IBM Cloud Education (2020), no concept of the link between the data and the variables existed before the analysis. Once the data has been analyzed, the exploratory analysis will assist the researchers in identifying linkages and developing ideas and answers to the deficiency of typhoon disaster mitigation and response frameworks in the Philippines.
Expected output
This research is planned to produce an exploratory data analysis of typhoons from the year 2019 that resulted in the highest casualty rates in the country and data on the local governments that experienced the fewest impacted families for each typhoon. Additionally, world wide hurricane datasets from the Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters' Emergency Events Database (EM-DAT) will be used in the same way as the Philippine dataset to determine which U.S location had the best successful reaction and mitigation strategy for typhoons. This data can be utilized by the Philippine government to develop a Typhoon Mitigation and Response Plan based on the one that the U.S had, which can potentially assist the Philippines in dealing with hurricanes. By incorporating diverse strategies from other nations like the United States, the chance of the Filipinos surviving and recovering from typhoons likely increase.
Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of the Project
The SDGs which this project aims to attain are Sustainable Cities and Communities and Climate Action. These SDGs are further described as follows;
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Goal 11: Sustainable Cities and Communities - This SDG strives to mitigate the negative consequences of natural catastrophes like typhoons (globalgoals.org, n.d.).
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Goal 13: Climate Action - This goal strives to take immediate action to address climate change and its consequences (United Nations, n.d.). Specifically, enhancing resilience and adaptation ability in all nations to climate-related dangers and natural disasters.
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Goal 15: Life on Land - This SDG seeks to manage forests sustainably, prevent desertification, halt and reverse land degradation, and halt biodiversity loss.
These SDGs are aligned with the TMRF project as it will provide a mitigation and response plan based on the tested and used framework by the American government to their states. This framework will help the Philippine government in taking immediate action, prior to a disaster, to mitigate losses in the case of a typhoon disaster.
Notes:
We recommend you to view our main documentation and data sets we've planned to analyzed. The reference page is also included on the main documentation, so if you want to know every links of the references, just click [here](https://docs.google.com/document/d/1yfj0QUZ-Dt5FysO-jBa7Mgs80OFm08GK?rtpof=true&authuser=gabrieledrian.alvaro%40g.batstate-u.edu.ph&usp=drive_fshttps://).
Links for Data Set Excel sheets;
Final Presentations
- First Presentation (For further improvement)
- Final Presentation for Finals
References for the Documentation
Brown, S. (2013, November 11). The Philippines Is the Most Storm-Exposed Country on Earth. Retrieved March 2022, from world.time.com: https://world.time.com/2013/11/11/the-philippines-is-the-most-storm-exposed-country-on-earth/?fbclid=IwAR1x**fQgQHZkgjZck_X9EBg_Jvj76wm7EL-I8OHJebNGkpLxIsEgHLxqPcrU
Calzon, B. (2022, March 9). Your Modern Business Guide To Data Analysis Methods And Techniques. Retrieved March 2022, from datapine.com: https://www.datapine.com/blog/data-analysis-methods-and-techniq**ues/**
Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters. (2022). 2019-2022 EM-DAT of America. Retrieved March 2022, from Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters: https://public.emdat.be/data
Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters. (n.d.). Welcome to the EM-DAT website. Retrieved March 2022, from Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters: https://www.emdat.be/
Commision on Audit. (n.d.). Disaster Management Practices in the Philippines : An Assessment. Retrieved March 2022, from coa.gov.ph: https://www.coa.gov.ph/disaster_audit/doc/National.pdf
European Commission. (n.d.). CRED - Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters. Retrieved March 2022, from knowledge4policy.ec.europa.eu: https://know**ledge4policy.ec.europa.eu/organisation/cred-centre-research-epidemiology-disasters_en
globalgoals.org. (n.d.). Sustainable Cities and Communities. Retrieved April 2022, from globalgoals.org: https://www.globalgoals.org/goals/11-sustainable-cities-and-commu**nities/
Human Data Exchange Organization. (2019). Philippines 2019 Events Data. Retrieved March 2022, from Human Data Exchange Organization: https://data.humdata.**
IBM Cloud Education. (2020, August 25). Exploratory Data Analysis. Retrieved March 2022, from** ibm.com: https://www.ibm.com/cloud/learn/exploratory-data-analysis
National Research Council, Division on Earth and Life Studies, Commission on Geosciences - Environment and Resources, U.S. National Committee for the Decade for Natural Disaster Reduction. (1991). A Safer Future: Reducing the Impacts of Natural Disasters (1991). Retrieved March 2022, from nap.nationalacademies.org: https://nap.nationalacademies.org/read/1840/chapter/7
Senate Economic Planning Office. (2017, May). Examining the Philippines’ Disaster Risk Reduction and Management System. Retrieved March 2022, from legacy.senate.gov.ph: https://legacy.senate.gov.ph/publications/SEPO/PB_Examining%20PH%20DRRM%20System_Revised_27June2017.pdf
Sustainable Development Goals Helpdesk. (n.d.). The Humanitarian Data Exchange (HDX). Retrieved March 2022, from Sustainable Development Goals Helpdesk: https://sdghelpdesk.unescap.org/node/1086#:~:text=The%20Humanitarian%20Data%20Exchange%20(HDX)%20is%20an%20open%20platform%20for,over%20200%20countries%20and%2**0territories.**
United Nations. (n.d.). #Envision2030 Goal 13: Climate Action. Retrieved April 2022, from un.org: https://www.un.org/development/desa/disabilities/envision2030-goal13.html
Weather Underground. (n.d.). Prepare for a Hurricane or Typhoon. Retrieved March 2022, from wunderground.com: https://www.wunderground.com/prepare/hurricane-typhoon?fbclid=IwAR33lsq6x66YI-9NFX94Ofy8jgC2TwH9gT__W9AItLA8P2pWyBJmnoYTM1w
References for the Analysis
Asian Institute of Management. (n.d.). EMDRCM Voices: Therese Mae Auman. (Asian Institute of Management) Retrieved June 2022, from devatwork.aim.edu: https://devatwork.aim.edu/article/emdrcm-voices-therese-mae-auman/
BBC News. (2017, September 15). Hurricane Irma: Visual guide. Retrieved June 2022, from bbc.com: https://www.bbc.com/news/world-latin-america-41172545
Brown, S. (2013, November 11). The Philippines Is the Most Storm-Exposed Country on Earth. Retrieved March 2022, from world.time.com: https://world.time.com/2013/11/11/the-philippines-is-the-most-storm-exposed-country-on-earth/?fbclid=IwAR1xfQgQHZkgjZck_X9EBg_Jvj76wm7EL-I8OHJebNGkpLxIsEgHLxqPcrU
Buchholz, K. (2020, August 28). Katrina Is the Costliest, But Not the Deadliest Hurricane to Hit the U.S. Retrieved June 2022, from statista.com: https://www.statista.com/chart/22748/us-damages-death-tolls-costliest-hurricanes-in-the-us/
Commision on Audit. (n.d.). Disaster Management Practices in the Philippines : An Assessment. Retrieved March 2022, from coa.gov.ph: https://www.coa.gov.ph/disaster_audit/doc/National.pdf
Constible, J. (2021, May 13). Preparing for Hurricanes: Infrastructure & Our Health. Retrieved June 2022, from nrdc.org: https://www.nrdc.org/experts/juanita-constible/preparing-hurricanes-infrastructure-our-health
Donovan, M. G. (2017, November 16). How the Caribbean Can Prepare for More Violent Hurricanes . Retrieved June 2022, from ps://www.americasquarterly.org/article/how-the-caribbean-can-prepare-for-more-violent-hurricanes/
Enano, J. O. (2019, February 6). Lack of money leaves most PH households unprepared for disasters. Retrieved May 2022, from newsinfo.inquirer.net: https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1082001/lack-of-money-leaves-most-ph-households-unprepared-for-disasters
Humanitarian Country Team. (2019, December 10). Typhoon Kammuri (Tisoy) Joint Rapid Assessment of Impact and Needs. Retrieved June 2022, from humanitarianresponse.info: https://www.humanitarianresponse.info/sites/www.humanitarianresponse.info/files/documents/files/191211_typhoon_kammuri_tisoy_rapid_assessment_report_rev.pdf
Masters, J. (n.d.). Haiti's Tragic Hurricane History. Retrieved June 2022, from wunderground.com: https://www.wunderground.com/hurricane/articles/haiti-hurricane-history
National Research Council, Division on Earth and Life Studies, Commission on Geosciences - Environment and Resources, U.S. National Committee for the Decade for Natural Disaster Reduction. (1991). A Safer Future: Reducing the Impacts of Natural Disasters (1991). Retrieved March 2022, from nap.nationalacademies.org: https://nap.nationalacademies.org/read/1840/chapter/7
Nevis Disaster Management Department. (n.d.). Part 3 - St. Kit Nevis Hurrican Action Plan. Retrieved June 2022, from ndmd.kn: https://ndmd.kn/docs/SKN_National_Disaster_Plan_Part3.pdf
OCHA Relief Web. (2017, September 22). After the Hurricane – an overview of the damage Irma and Maria left behind. Retrieved June 2022, from reliefweb.int: https://reliefweb.int/report/antigua-and-barbuda/after-hurricane-overview-damage-irma-and-maria-left-behind
Perito, R. M. (2008, November 11). Haiti After the Storms: Weather and Conflict. Retrieved June 2022, from usip.org: https://www.usip.org/publications/2008/11/haiti-after-storms-weather-and-conflict
Policy Brief - Senate Economic Planning Office. (2017, May). Examining the Philippines’ Disaster Risk Reduction and Management System. Retrieved May 2022, from legacy.senate.gov.ph: https://legacy.senate.gov.ph/publications/SEPO/PB_Examining%20PH%20DRRM%20System_Revised_27June2017.pdf
Simmons, J. (n.d.). Hurricane Season in the Caribbean. Retrieved June 2022, from responsibletravel.com: https://www.responsibletravel.com/holidays/caribbean/travel-guide/hurricane-season-in-the-caribbean
Social, B. (2018, February 22). The History of Natural Disasters in Haiti. Retrieved June 2022, from ufondwa.org: https://www.ufondwa.org/history-natural-disasters-haiti/
The Economists. (2018, June 1). America is good at dealing with hurricanes on the mainland—after they strike. Retrieved June 2022, from economist.com: https://www.economist.com/graphic-detail/2018/06/01/america-is-good-at-dealing-with-hurricanes-on-the-mainland-after-they-strike
United Nations. (2004, September 14). Cuba: A Model in Hurricane Risk Management. Retrieved June 2022, from un.org: https://www.un.org/press/en/2004/iha943.doc.htm
Weather Underground. (n.d.). Prepare for a Hurricane or Typhoon. Retrieved March 2022, from wunderground.com: https://www.wunderground.com/prepare/hurricane-typhoon?fbclid=IwAR33lsq6x66YI-9NFX94Ofy8jgC2TwH9gT__W9AItLA8P2pWyBJmnoYTM1w
Young, C. (2020, September 10). Natural Disasters: Economic Effects of Hurricanes Katrina, Sandy, Harvey, and Irma. Retrieved from gao.gov: https://www.gao.gov/products/gao-20-633r 2pWyBJmnoYTM1w