chaincmd.go

// Copyright 2015 The github.com/blockchain-analysis-study/go-ethereum-analysis Authors
// This file is part of github.com/blockchain-analysis-study/go-ethereum-analysis.
//
// github.com/blockchain-analysis-study/go-ethereum-analysis is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
// (at your option) any later version.
//
// github.com/blockchain-analysis-study/go-ethereum-analysis is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
// GNU General Public License for more details.
//
// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
// along with github.com/blockchain-analysis-study/go-ethereum-analysis. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.

package main

import (
	"encoding/json"
	"fmt"
	"os"
	"runtime"
	"strconv"
	"sync/atomic"
	"time"

	"github.com/blockchain-analysis-study/go-ethereum-analysis/cmd/utils"
	"github.com/blockchain-analysis-study/go-ethereum-analysis/common"
	"github.com/blockchain-analysis-study/go-ethereum-analysis/console"
	"github.com/blockchain-analysis-study/go-ethereum-analysis/core"
	"github.com/blockchain-analysis-study/go-ethereum-analysis/core/state"
	"github.com/blockchain-analysis-study/go-ethereum-analysis/core/types"
	"github.com/blockchain-analysis-study/go-ethereum-analysis/eth/downloader"
	"github.com/blockchain-analysis-study/go-ethereum-analysis/ethdb"
	"github.com/blockchain-analysis-study/go-ethereum-analysis/event"
	"github.com/blockchain-analysis-study/go-ethereum-analysis/log"
	"github.com/blockchain-analysis-study/go-ethereum-analysis/trie"
	"github.com/syndtr/goleveldb/leveldb/util"
	"gopkg.in/urfave/cli.v1"
)

var (
	initCommand = cli.Command{
		Action:    utils.MigrateFlags(initGenesis),
		Name:      "init",
		Usage:     "Bootstrap and initialize a new genesis block",
		ArgsUsage: "<genesisPath>",
		Flags: []cli.Flag{
			utils.DataDirFlag,
		},
		Category: "BLOCKCHAIN COMMANDS",
		Description: `
The init command initializes a new genesis block and definition for the network.
This is a destructive action and changes the network in which you will be
participating.

It expects the genesis file as argument.`,
	}
	importCommand = cli.Command{
		Action:    utils.MigrateFlags(importChain),
		Name:      "import",
		Usage:     "Import a blockchain file",
		ArgsUsage: "<filename> (<filename 2> ... <filename N>) ",
		Flags: []cli.Flag{
			utils.DataDirFlag,
			utils.CacheFlag,
			utils.SyncModeFlag,
			utils.GCModeFlag,
			utils.CacheDatabaseFlag,
			utils.CacheGCFlag,
		},
		Category: "BLOCKCHAIN COMMANDS",
		Description: `
The import command imports blocks from an RLP-encoded form. The form can be one file
with several RLP-encoded blocks, or several files can be used.

If only one file is used, import error will result in failure. If several files are used,
processing will proceed even if an individual RLP-file import failure occurs.`,
	}
	exportCommand = cli.Command{
		Action:    utils.MigrateFlags(exportChain),
		Name:      "export",
		Usage:     "Export blockchain into file",
		ArgsUsage: "<filename> [<blockNumFirst> <blockNumLast>]",
		Flags: []cli.Flag{
			utils.DataDirFlag,
			utils.CacheFlag,
			utils.SyncModeFlag,
		},
		Category: "BLOCKCHAIN COMMANDS",
		Description: `
Requires a first argument of the file to write to.
Optional second and third arguments control the first and
last block to write. In this mode, the file will be appended
if already existing. If the file ends with .gz, the output will
be gzipped.`,
	}
	importPreimagesCommand = cli.Command{
		Action:    utils.MigrateFlags(importPreimages),
		Name:      "import-preimages",
		Usage:     "Import the preimage database from an RLP stream",
		ArgsUsage: "<datafile>",
		Flags: []cli.Flag{
			utils.DataDirFlag,
			utils.CacheFlag,
			utils.SyncModeFlag,
		},
		Category: "BLOCKCHAIN COMMANDS",
		Description: `
	The import-preimages command imports hash preimages from an RLP encoded stream.`,
	}
	exportPreimagesCommand = cli.Command{
		Action:    utils.MigrateFlags(exportPreimages),
		Name:      "export-preimages",
		Usage:     "Export the preimage database into an RLP stream",
		ArgsUsage: "<dumpfile>",
		Flags: []cli.Flag{
			utils.DataDirFlag,
			utils.CacheFlag,
			utils.SyncModeFlag,
		},
		Category: "BLOCKCHAIN COMMANDS",
		Description: `
The export-preimages command export hash preimages to an RLP encoded stream`,
	}
	copydbCommand = cli.Command{
		Action:    utils.MigrateFlags(copyDb),
		Name:      "copydb",
		Usage:     "Create a local chain from a target chaindata folder",
		ArgsUsage: "<sourceChaindataDir>",
		Flags: []cli.Flag{
			utils.DataDirFlag,
			utils.CacheFlag,
			utils.SyncModeFlag,
			utils.FakePoWFlag,
			utils.TestnetFlag,
			utils.RinkebyFlag,
		},
		Category: "BLOCKCHAIN COMMANDS",
		Description: `
The first argument must be the directory containing the blockchain to download from`,
	}
	removedbCommand = cli.Command{
		Action:    utils.MigrateFlags(removeDB),
		Name:      "removedb",
		Usage:     "Remove blockchain and state databases",
		ArgsUsage: " ",
		Flags: []cli.Flag{
			utils.DataDirFlag,
		},
		Category: "BLOCKCHAIN COMMANDS",
		Description: `
Remove blockchain and state databases`,
	}
	dumpCommand = cli.Command{
		Action:    utils.MigrateFlags(dump),
		Name:      "dump",
		Usage:     "Dump a specific block from storage",
		ArgsUsage: "[<blockHash> | <blockNum>]...",
		Flags: []cli.Flag{
			utils.DataDirFlag,
			utils.CacheFlag,
			utils.SyncModeFlag,
		},
		Category: "BLOCKCHAIN COMMANDS",
		Description: `
The arguments are interpreted as block numbers or hashes.
Use "ethereum dump 0" to dump the genesis block.`,
	}
)

// initGenesis will initialise the given JSON format genesis file and writes it as
// the zero'd block (i.e. genesis) or will fail hard if it can't succeed.
/**
执行 geth init 的时候会进入这里来
 */
func initGenesis(ctx *cli.Context) error {
	// Make sure we have a valid genesis JSON
	genesisPath := ctx.Args().First()
	if len(genesisPath) == 0 {
		utils.Fatalf("Must supply path to genesis JSON file")
	}
	/** 读取命令行指定的配置文件 */
	file, err := os.Open(genesisPath)
	if err != nil {
		utils.Fatalf("Failed to read genesis file: %v", err)
	}
	defer file.Close()

	/**
	加载 genesis.json 中的信息，
	生成 genesis 实例
	 */
	genesis := new(core.Genesis)
	if err := json.NewDecoder(file).Decode(genesis); err != nil {
		utils.Fatalf("invalid genesis file: %v", err)
	}
	// Open an initialise both full and light databases
	// 创建一个 eth 节点实例
	stack := makeFullNode(ctx)
	// 构建两个文件夹
	// 全节点数据目录：chaindata
	// 轻节点数据目录：lightchaindata
	for _, name := range []string{"chaindata", "lightchaindata"} {
		// 逐个的实例化一个 db实例
		chaindb, err := stack.OpenDatabase(name, 0, 0)
		if err != nil {
			utils.Fatalf("Failed to open database: %v", err)
		}
		// 设置 genesis
		_, hash, err := core.SetupGenesisBlock(chaindb, genesis)
		if err != nil {
			utils.Fatalf("Failed to write genesis block: %v", err)
		}
		log.Info("Successfully wrote genesis state", "database", name, "hash", hash)
	}
	return nil
}

func importChain(ctx *cli.Context) error {
	if len(ctx.Args()) < 1 {
		utils.Fatalf("This command requires an argument.")
	}
	stack := makeFullNode(ctx)
	chain, chainDb := utils.MakeChain(ctx, stack)
	defer chainDb.Close()

	// Start periodically gathering memory profiles
	var peakMemAlloc, peakMemSys uint64
	go func() {
		stats := new(runtime.MemStats)
		for {
			runtime.ReadMemStats(stats)
			if atomic.LoadUint64(&peakMemAlloc) < stats.Alloc {
				atomic.StoreUint64(&peakMemAlloc, stats.Alloc)
			}
			if atomic.LoadUint64(&peakMemSys) < stats.Sys {
				atomic.StoreUint64(&peakMemSys, stats.Sys)
			}
			time.Sleep(5 * time.Second)
		}
	}()
	// Import the chain
	start := time.Now()

	if len(ctx.Args()) == 1 {
		if err := utils.ImportChain(chain, ctx.Args().First()); err != nil {
			log.Error("Import error", "err", err)
		}
	} else {
		for _, arg := range ctx.Args() {
			if err := utils.ImportChain(chain, arg); err != nil {
				log.Error("Import error", "file", arg, "err", err)
			}
		}
	}
	chain.Stop()
	fmt.Printf("Import done in %v.\n\n", time.Since(start))

	// Output pre-compaction stats mostly to see the import trashing
	db := chainDb.(*ethdb.LDBDatabase)

	stats, err := db.LDB().GetProperty("leveldb.stats")
	if err != nil {
		utils.Fatalf("Failed to read database stats: %v", err)
	}
	fmt.Println(stats)

	ioStats, err := db.LDB().GetProperty("leveldb.iostats")
	if err != nil {
		utils.Fatalf("Failed to read database iostats: %v", err)
	}
	fmt.Println(ioStats)

	fmt.Printf("Trie cache misses:  %d\n", trie.CacheMisses())
	fmt.Printf("Trie cache unloads: %d\n\n", trie.CacheUnloads())

	// Print the memory statistics used by the importing
	mem := new(runtime.MemStats)
	runtime.ReadMemStats(mem)

	fmt.Printf("Object memory: %.3f MB current, %.3f MB peak\n", float64(mem.Alloc)/1024/1024, float64(atomic.LoadUint64(&peakMemAlloc))/1024/1024)
	fmt.Printf("System memory: %.3f MB current, %.3f MB peak\n", float64(mem.Sys)/1024/1024, float64(atomic.LoadUint64(&peakMemSys))/1024/1024)
	fmt.Printf("Allocations:   %.3f million\n", float64(mem.Mallocs)/1000000)
	fmt.Printf("GC pause:      %v\n\n", time.Duration(mem.PauseTotalNs))

	if ctx.GlobalIsSet(utils.NoCompactionFlag.Name) {
		return nil
	}

	// Compact the entire database to more accurately measure disk io and print the stats
	start = time.Now()
	fmt.Println("Compacting entire database...")
	if err = db.LDB().CompactRange(util.Range{}); err != nil {
		utils.Fatalf("Compaction failed: %v", err)
	}
	fmt.Printf("Compaction done in %v.\n\n", time.Since(start))

	stats, err = db.LDB().GetProperty("leveldb.stats")
	if err != nil {
		utils.Fatalf("Failed to read database stats: %v", err)
	}
	fmt.Println(stats)

	ioStats, err = db.LDB().GetProperty("leveldb.iostats")
	if err != nil {
		utils.Fatalf("Failed to read database iostats: %v", err)
	}
	fmt.Println(ioStats)

	return nil
}

func exportChain(ctx *cli.Context) error {
	if len(ctx.Args()) < 1 {
		utils.Fatalf("This command requires an argument.")
	}
	stack := makeFullNode(ctx)
	chain, _ := utils.MakeChain(ctx, stack)
	start := time.Now()

	var err error
	fp := ctx.Args().First()
	if len(ctx.Args()) < 3 {
		err = utils.ExportChain(chain, fp)
	} else {
		// This can be improved to allow for numbers larger than 9223372036854775807
		first, ferr := strconv.ParseInt(ctx.Args().Get(1), 10, 64)
		last, lerr := strconv.ParseInt(ctx.Args().Get(2), 10, 64)
		if ferr != nil || lerr != nil {
			utils.Fatalf("Export error in parsing parameters: block number not an integer\n")
		}
		if first < 0 || last < 0 {
			utils.Fatalf("Export error: block number must be greater than 0\n")
		}
		err = utils.ExportAppendChain(chain, fp, uint64(first), uint64(last))
	}

	if err != nil {
		utils.Fatalf("Export error: %v\n", err)
	}
	fmt.Printf("Export done in %v\n", time.Since(start))
	return nil
}

// importPreimages imports preimage data from the specified file.
func importPreimages(ctx *cli.Context) error {
	if len(ctx.Args()) < 1 {
		utils.Fatalf("This command requires an argument.")
	}
	stack := makeFullNode(ctx)
	diskdb := utils.MakeChainDatabase(ctx, stack).(*ethdb.LDBDatabase)

	start := time.Now()
	if err := utils.ImportPreimages(diskdb, ctx.Args().First()); err != nil {
		utils.Fatalf("Export error: %v\n", err)
	}
	fmt.Printf("Export done in %v\n", time.Since(start))
	return nil
}

// exportPreimages dumps the preimage data to specified json file in streaming way.
func exportPreimages(ctx *cli.Context) error {
	if len(ctx.Args()) < 1 {
		utils.Fatalf("This command requires an argument.")
	}
	stack := makeFullNode(ctx)
	diskdb := utils.MakeChainDatabase(ctx, stack).(*ethdb.LDBDatabase)

	start := time.Now()
	if err := utils.ExportPreimages(diskdb, ctx.Args().First()); err != nil {
		utils.Fatalf("Export error: %v\n", err)
	}
	fmt.Printf("Export done in %v\n", time.Since(start))
	return nil
}

func copyDb(ctx *cli.Context) error {
	// Ensure we have a source chain directory to copy
	if len(ctx.Args()) != 1 {
		utils.Fatalf("Source chaindata directory path argument missing")
	}
	// Initialize a new chain for the running node to sync into
	stack := makeFullNode(ctx)
	chain, chainDb := utils.MakeChain(ctx, stack)

	syncmode := *utils.GlobalTextMarshaler(ctx, utils.SyncModeFlag.Name).(*downloader.SyncMode)
	dl := downloader.New(syncmode, chainDb, new(event.TypeMux), chain, nil, nil)

	// Create a source peer to satisfy downloader requests from
	db, err := ethdb.NewLDBDatabase(ctx.Args().First(), ctx.GlobalInt(utils.CacheFlag.Name), 256)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	hc, err := core.NewHeaderChain(db, chain.Config(), chain.Engine(), func() bool { return false })
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	peer := downloader.NewFakePeer("local", db, hc, dl)
	if err = dl.RegisterPeer("local", 63, peer); err != nil {
		return err
	}
	// Synchronise with the simulated peer
	start := time.Now()

	currentHeader := hc.CurrentHeader()
	if err = dl.Synchronise("local", currentHeader.Hash(), hc.GetTd(currentHeader.Hash(), currentHeader.Number.Uint64()), syncmode); err != nil {  // todo (downloader 的工作入口点)  chaincmd.go 的 copyDb()
		return err
	}
	for dl.Synchronising() {
		time.Sleep(10 * time.Millisecond)
	}
	fmt.Printf("Database copy done in %v\n", time.Since(start))

	// Compact the entire database to remove any sync overhead
	start = time.Now()
	fmt.Println("Compacting entire database...")
	if err = chainDb.(*ethdb.LDBDatabase).LDB().CompactRange(util.Range{}); err != nil {
		utils.Fatalf("Compaction failed: %v", err)
	}
	fmt.Printf("Compaction done in %v.\n\n", time.Since(start))

	return nil
}

func removeDB(ctx *cli.Context) error {
	stack, _ := makeConfigNode(ctx)

	for _, name := range []string{"chaindata", "lightchaindata"} {
		// Ensure the database exists in the first place
		logger := log.New("database", name)

		dbdir := stack.ResolvePath(name)
		if !common.FileExist(dbdir) {
			logger.Info("Database doesn't exist, skipping", "path", dbdir)
			continue
		}
		// Confirm removal and execute
		fmt.Println(dbdir)
		confirm, err := console.Stdin.PromptConfirm("Remove this database?")
		switch {
		case err != nil:
			utils.Fatalf("%v", err)
		case !confirm:
			logger.Warn("Database deletion aborted")
		default:
			start := time.Now()
			os.RemoveAll(dbdir)
			logger.Info("Database successfully deleted", "elapsed", common.PrettyDuration(time.Since(start)))
		}
	}
	return nil
}

func dump(ctx *cli.Context) error {
	stack := makeFullNode(ctx)
	chain, chainDb := utils.MakeChain(ctx, stack)
	for _, arg := range ctx.Args() {
		var block *types.Block
		if hashish(arg) {
			block = chain.GetBlockByHash(common.HexToHash(arg))
		} else {
			num, _ := strconv.Atoi(arg)
			block = chain.GetBlockByNumber(uint64(num))
		}
		if block == nil {
			fmt.Println("{}")
			utils.Fatalf("block not found")
		} else {
			state, err := state.New(block.Root(), state.NewDatabase(chainDb))
			if err != nil {
				utils.Fatalf("could not create new state: %v", err)
			}
			fmt.Printf("%s\n", state.Dump())
		}
	}
	chainDb.Close()
	return nil
}

// hashish returns true for strings that look like hashes.
func hashish(x string) bool {
	_, err := strconv.Atoi(x)
	return err != nil
}