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within ;
package Modelica "Modelica Standard Library - Version 4.0.0"
extends Modelica.Icons.Package;
package UsersGuide "User's Guide"
extends Modelica.Icons.Information;
class Overview "Overview of Modelica Library"
extends Modelica.Icons.Information;
annotation (Documentation(info="<html>
<p>
The Modelica Standard Library consists of the following
main sub-libraries:
</p>
<table border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"2\">
<tr><th>Library Components</th> <th>Description</th></tr>
<tr><td>
<img src=\"modelica://Modelica/Resources/Images/UsersGuide/Lib-Electrical.png\">
</td>
<td>
<a href=\"modelica://Modelica.Electrical.Analog\">Analog</a><br>
Analog electric and electronic components, such as
resistor, capacitor, transformers, diodes, transistors,
transmission lines, switches, sources, sensors.
</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>
<img src=\"modelica://Modelica/Resources/Images/UsersGuide/Lib-Digital.png\">
</td>
<td>
<a href=\"modelica://Modelica.Electrical.Digital\">Digital</a><br>
Digital electrical components based on the VHDL standard,
like basic logic blocks with 9-value logic, delays, gates,
sources, converters between 2-, 3-, 4-, and 9-valued logic.
</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>
<img src=\"modelica://Modelica/Resources/Images/UsersGuide/Lib-Machines.png\">
</td>
<td>
<a href=\"modelica://Modelica.Electrical.Machines\">Machines</a><br>
Electrical asynchronous-, synchronous-, and DC-machines
(motors and generators) as well as three-phase transformers.
</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>
<img src=\"modelica://Modelica/Resources/Images/UsersGuide/Lib-FluxTubes.png\">
</td>
<td>
<a href=\"modelica://Modelica.Magnetic.FluxTubes\">FluxTubes</a><br>
Based on magnetic flux tubes concepts. Especially to model electromagnetic actuators. Nonlinear shape, force, leakage, and material models. Material data for steel, electric sheet, pure iron, Cobalt iron, Nickel iron, NdFeB, Sm2Co17, and more.
</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>
<img src=\"modelica://Modelica/Resources/Images/UsersGuide/Lib-Translational.png\">
</td>
<td>
<a href=\"modelica://Modelica.Mechanics.Translational\">Translational</a><br>
1-dim. mechanical, translational systems, e.g.,
sliding mass, mass with stops, spring, damper.
</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>
<img src=\"modelica://Modelica/Resources/Images/UsersGuide/Lib-Rotational.png\">
</td>
<td>
<a href=\"modelica://Modelica.Mechanics.Rotational\">Rotational</a><br>
1-dim. mechanical, rotational systems, e.g., inertias, gears,
planetary gears, convenient definition of speed/torque dependent friction
(clutches, brakes, bearings, ..)
</td>
</tr>
<tr><td width=\"100\">
<img src=\"modelica://Modelica/Resources/Images/UsersGuide/Lib-MultiBody1.png\"><br>
<img src=\"modelica://Modelica/Resources/Images/UsersGuide/Lib-MultiBody2.png\">
</td>
<td>
<a href=\"modelica://Modelica.Mechanics.MultiBody\">MultiBody</a>
3-dim. mechanical systems consisting of joints, bodies, force and
sensor elements. Joints can be driven by drive trains defined by
1-dim. mechanical system library (Rotational).
Every component has a default animation.
Components can be arbitrarily connected together.
</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>
<img src=\"modelica://Modelica/Resources/Images/UsersGuide/Lib-Fluid.png\">
</td>
<td>
<a href=\"modelica://Modelica.Fluid\">Fluid</a><br>
1-dim. thermo-fluid flow in networks of vessels, pipes,
fluid machines, valves and fittings. All media from the
Modelica.Media library can be used (so incompressible or compressible,
single or multiple substance, one or two phase medium).
</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>
<img src=\"modelica://Modelica/Resources/Images/UsersGuide/Lib-Media.png\">
</td>
<td>
<a href=\"modelica://Modelica.Media\">Media</a><br>
Large media library providing models and functions
to compute media properties, such as h = h(p,T), d = d(p,T),
for the following media:
<ul>
<li> 1240 gases and mixtures between these gases.</li>
<li> incompressible, table based liquids (h = h(T), etc.).</li>
<li> compressible liquids</li>
<li> dry and moist air</li>
<li> high precision model for water (IF97).</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>
<img src=\"modelica://Modelica/Resources/Images/UsersGuide/Lib-Thermal.png\">
</td>
<td>
<a href=\"modelica://Modelica.Thermal.FluidHeatFlow\">FluidHeatFlow</a>,
<a href=\"modelica://Modelica.Thermal.HeatTransfer\">HeatTransfer</a>
Simple thermo-fluid pipe flow, especially to model cooling of machines
with air or water (pipes, pumps, valves, ambient, sensors, sources) and
lumped heat transfer with heat capacitors, thermal conductors, convection,
body radiation, sources and sensors.
</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>
<img src=\"modelica://Modelica/Resources/Images/UsersGuide/Lib-Blocks1.png\"><br>
<img src=\"modelica://Modelica/Resources/Images/UsersGuide/Lib-Blocks2.png\">
</td>
<td>
<a href=\"modelica://Modelica.Blocks\">Blocks</a><br>
Input/output blocks to model block diagrams and logical networks, e.g.,
integrator, PI, PID, transfer function, linear state space system,
sampler, unit delay, discrete transfer function, and/or blocks,
timer, hysteresis, nonlinear and routing blocks, sources, tables.
</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>
<img src=\"modelica://Modelica/Resources/Images/UsersGuide/Lib-Clocked.png\">
</td>
<td>
<a href=\"modelica://Modelica.Clocked\">Clocked</a><br>
Blocks to precisely define and synchronize sampled data systems with different
sampling rates. Continuous-time equations can be automatically discretized and
utilized in a sampled data system. The library is based on the clocked
synchronous language elements introduced in Modelica 3.3.
</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>
<img src=\"modelica://Modelica/Resources/Images/UsersGuide/Lib-StateGraph.png\">
</td>
<td>
<a href=\"modelica://Modelica.StateGraph\">StateGraph</a><br>
Hierarchical state machines with a similar modeling power as Statecharts.
Modelica is used as synchronous action language, i.e., deterministic
behavior is guaranteed
</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>
<blockquote><pre>
A = [1,2,3;
3,4,5;
2,1,4];
b = {10,22,12};
x = Matrices.solve(A,b);
Matrices.eigenValues(A);
</pre></blockquote>
</td>
<td>
<a href=\"modelica://Modelica.Math\">Math</a>,
<a href=\"modelica://Modelica.Utilities\">Utilities</a><br>
Functions operating on vectors and matrices, such as for solving
linear systems, eigen and singular values etc., and
functions operating on strings, streams, files, e.g.,
to copy and remove a file or sort a vector of strings.
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</html>"));
end Overview;
class Connectors "Connectors"
extends Modelica.Icons.Information;
annotation (Documentation(info="<html>
<p>
The Modelica standard library defines the most important
<strong>elementary connectors</strong> in various domains. If any possible,
a user should utilize these connectors in order that components
from the Modelica Standard Library and from other libraries
can be combined without problems.
The following elementary connectors are defined
(the meaning of potential, flow, and stream
variables is explained in section \"Connector Equations\" below):
</p>
<table border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"1\">
<tr><td><strong>domain</strong></td>
<td><strong>potential<br>variables</strong></td>
<td><strong>flow<br>variables</strong></td>
<td><strong>stream<br>variables</strong></td>
<td><strong>connector definition</strong></td>
<td><strong>icons</strong></td></tr>
<tr><td><strong>electrical<br>analog</strong></td>
<td>electrical potential</td>
<td>electrical current</td>
<td></td>
<td><a href=\"modelica://Modelica.Electrical.Analog.Interfaces\">Modelica.Electrical.Analog.Interfaces</a>
<br>Pin, PositivePin, NegativePin</td>
<td><img src=\"modelica://Modelica/Resources/Images/UsersGuide/ElectricalPins.png\"></td></tr>
<tr><td><strong>electrical<br>polyphase</strong></td>
<td colspan=\"3\">vector of electrical pins</td>
<td><a href=\"modelica://Modelica.Electrical.Polyphase.Interfaces\">Modelica.Electrical.Polyphase.Interfaces</a>
<br>Plug, PositivePlug, NegativePlug</td>
<td><img src=\"modelica://Modelica/Resources/Images/UsersGuide/ElectricalPlugs.png\"></td></tr>
<tr><td><strong>electrical<br>space phasor</strong></td>
<td>2 electrical potentials</td>
<td>2 electrical currents</td>
<td></td>
<td><a href=\"modelica://Modelica.Electrical.Machines.Interfaces\">Modelica.Electrical.Machines.Interfaces</a>
<br>SpacePhasor</td>
<td><img src=\"modelica://Modelica/Resources/Images/UsersGuide/SpacePhasor.png\"></td></tr>
<tr><td><strong>quasi-static<br>single-phase</strong></td>
<td>complex electrical potential</td>
<td>complex electrical current</td>
<td></td>
<td><a href=\"modelica://Modelica.Electrical.QuasiStatic.SinglePhase.Interfaces\">
Modelica.Electrical.QuasiStatic.SinglePhase.Interfaces</a>
<br>Pin, PositivePin, NegativePin</td>
<td><img src=\"modelica://Modelica/Resources/Images/UsersGuide/QuasiStaticSinglePhasePins.png\"></td></tr>
<tr><td><strong>quasi-static<br>polyphase</strong></td>
<td colspan=\"3\">vector of quasi-static single-phase pins</td>
<td><a href=\"modelica://Modelica.Electrical.QuasiStatic.Polyphase.Interfaces\">Modelica.Electrical.QuasiStatic.Polyphase.Interfaces</a>
<br>Plug, PositivePlug, NegativePlug</td>
<td><img src=\"modelica://Modelica/Resources/Images/UsersGuide/QuasiStaticPolyphasePlugs.png\"></td></tr>
<tr><td><strong>electrical<br>digital</strong></td>
<td>Integer (1..9)</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td><a href=\"modelica://Modelica.Electrical.Digital.Interfaces\">Modelica.Electrical.Digital.Interfaces</a>
<br>DigitalSignal, DigitalInput, DigitalOutput</td>
<td><img src=\"modelica://Modelica/Resources/Images/UsersGuide/Digital.png\"></td></tr>
<tr><td><strong>magnetic<br>flux tubes</strong></td>
<td>magnetic potential</td>
<td>magnetic flux</td>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href=\"modelica://Modelica.Magnetic.FluxTubes.Interfaces\">Modelica.Magnetic.FluxTubes.Interfaces</a>
<br>MagneticPort, PositiveMagneticPort,<br>NegativeMagneticPort</td>
<td><img src=\"modelica://Modelica/Resources/Images/UsersGuide/MagneticPorts.png\"></td></tr>
<tr><td><strong>magnetic<br>fundamental<br>wave</strong></td>
<td>complex magnetic potential</td>
<td>complex magnetic flux</td>
<td></td>
<td>
<a href=\"modelica://Modelica.Magnetic.FundamentalWave.Interfaces\">Modelica.Magnetic.FundamentalWave.Interfaces</a>
<br>MagneticPort, PositiveMagneticPort,<br>NegativeMagneticPort</td>
<td><img src=\"modelica://Modelica/Resources/Images/UsersGuide/FundamentalWavePorts.png\"></td></tr>
<tr><td><strong>translational</strong></td>
<td>distance</td>
<td>cut-force</td>
<td></td>
<td><a href=\"modelica://Modelica.Mechanics.Translational.Interfaces\">Modelica.Mechanics.Translational.Interfaces</a>
<br>Flange_a, Flange_b</td>
<td><img src=\"modelica://Modelica/Resources/Images/UsersGuide/TranslationalFlanges.png\"></td></tr>
<tr><td><strong>rotational</strong></td>
<td>angle</td>
<td>cut-torque</td>
<td></td>
<td><a href=\"modelica://Modelica.Mechanics.Rotational.Interfaces\">Modelica.Mechanics.Rotational.Interfaces</a>
<br>Flange_a, Flange_b</td>
<td><img src=\"modelica://Modelica/Resources/Images/UsersGuide/RotationalFlanges.png\"></td></tr>
<tr><td><strong>3-dim.<br>mechanics</strong></td>
<td>position vector<br>
orientation object</td>
<td>cut-force vector<br>
cut-torque vector</td>
<td></td>
<td><a href=\"modelica://Modelica.Mechanics.MultiBody.Interfaces\">Modelica.Mechanics.MultiBody.Interfaces</a>
<br>Frame, Frame_a, Frame_b, Frame_resolve</td>
<td><img src=\"modelica://Modelica/Resources/Images/UsersGuide/MultiBodyFrames.png\"></td></tr>
<tr><td><strong>simple<br>fluid flow</strong></td>
<td>pressure<br>
specific enthalpy</td>
<td>mass flow rate<br>
enthalpy flow rate</td>
<td></td>
<td><a href=\"modelica://Modelica.Thermal.FluidHeatFlow.Interfaces\">Modelica.Thermal.FluidHeatFlow.Interfaces</a>
<br>FlowPort, FlowPort_a, FlowPort_b</td>
<td><img src=\"modelica://Modelica/Resources/Images/UsersGuide/FluidHeatFlowPorts.png\"></td></tr>
<tr><td><strong>thermo<br>fluid flow</strong></td>
<td>pressure</td>
<td>mass flow rate</td>
<td>specific enthalpy<br>mass fractions</td>
<td>
<a href=\"modelica://Modelica.Fluid.Interfaces\">Modelica.Fluid.Interfaces</a>
<br>FluidPort, FluidPort_a, FluidPort_b</td>
<td><img src=\"modelica://Modelica/Resources/Images/UsersGuide/FluidPorts.png\"></td></tr>
<tr><td><strong>heat<br>transfer</strong></td>
<td>temperature</td>
<td>heat flow rate</td>
<td></td>
<td><a href=\"modelica://Modelica.Thermal.HeatTransfer.Interfaces\">Modelica.Thermal.HeatTransfer.Interfaces</a>
<br>HeatPort, HeatPort_a, HeatPort_b</td>
<td><img src=\"modelica://Modelica/Resources/Images/UsersGuide/ThermalHeatPorts.png\"></td></tr>
<tr><td><strong>blocks</strong></td>
<td>
Real variable<br>
Integer variable<br>
Boolean variable</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td><a href=\"modelica://Modelica.Blocks.Interfaces\">Modelica.Blocks.Interfaces</a>
<br>
RealSignal, RealInput, RealOutput<br>
IntegerSignal, IntegerInput, IntegerOutput<br>
BooleanSignal, BooleanInput, BooleanOutput</td>
<td><img src=\"modelica://Modelica/Resources/Images/UsersGuide/Signals.png\"></td></tr>
<tr><td><strong>complex<br>blocks</strong></td>
<td>
Complex variable</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td><a href=\"modelica://Modelica.ComplexBlocks.Interfaces\">Modelica.ComplexBlocks.Interfaces</a>
<br>ComplexSignal, ComplexInput, ComplexOutput</td>
<td><img src=\"modelica://Modelica/Resources/Images/UsersGuide/ComplexSignals.png\"></td></tr>
<tr><td><strong>state<br>machine</strong></td>
<td>Boolean variables<br>
(occupied, set,<br>
available, reset)</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td><a href=\"modelica://Modelica.StateGraph.Interfaces\">Modelica.StateGraph.Interfaces</a>
<br>Step_in, Step_out, Transition_in, Transition_out</td>
<td><img src=\"modelica://Modelica/Resources/Images/UsersGuide/StateGraphPorts.png\"></td></tr>
</table>
<p>
In all domains, usually 2 connectors are defined. The variable declarations
are <strong>identical</strong>, only the icons are different in order that it is easy
to distinguish connectors of the same domain that are attached at the same
component.
</p>
<h4>Hierarchical Connectors </h4>
<p>
Modelica supports also hierarchical connectors, in a similar way as hierarchical models.
As a result, it is, e.g., possible, to collect elementary connectors together.
For example, an electrical plug consisting of two electrical pins can be defined as:
</p>
<blockquote><pre>
<strong>connector</strong> Plug
<strong>import</strong> Modelica.Electrical.Analog.Interfaces;
Interfaces.PositivePin phase;
Interfaces.NegativePin ground;
<strong>end</strong> Plug;
</pre></blockquote>
<p>
With one connect(..) equation, either two plugs can be connected
(and therefore implicitly also the phase and ground pins) or a
Pin connector can be directly connected to the phase or ground of
a Plug connector, such as \"connect(resistor.p, plug.phase)\".
</p>
<h4 id=\"ConnectorEquations\">Connector Equations</h4>
<p>
The connector variables listed above have been basically determined
with the following strategy:
</p>
<ol>
<li> State the relevant balance equations and boundary
conditions of a volume for the particular physical domain.</li>
<li> Simplify the balance equations and boundary conditions
of (1) by taking the
limit of an infinitesimal small volume
(e.g., thermal domain:
temperatures are identical and heat flow rates
sum up to zero).
</li>
<li> Use the variables needed for the balance equations
and boundary conditions of (2)
in the connector and select appropriate Modelica
<strong>prefixes</strong>, so that these equations
are generated by the Modelica connection semantics.
</li>
</ol>
<p>
The Modelica connection semantics is sketched at hand
of an example: Three connectors c1, c2, c3 with the definition
</p>
<blockquote><pre>
<strong>connector</strong> Demo
Real p; // potential variable
<strong>flow</strong> Real f; // flow variable
<strong>stream</strong> Real s; // stream variable
<strong>end</strong> Demo;
</pre></blockquote>
<p>
are connected together with
</p>
<blockquote><pre>
<strong>connect</strong>(c1,c2);
<strong>connect</strong>(c1,c3);
</pre></blockquote>
<p>
then this leads to the following equations:
</p>
<blockquote><pre>
// Potential variables are identical
c1.p = c2.p;
c1.p = c3.p;
// The sum of the flow variables is zero
0 = c1.f + c2.f + c3.f;
/* The sum of the product of flow variables and upstream stream variables is zero
(this implicit set of equations is explicitly solved when generating code;
the \"<undefined>\" parts are defined in such a way that
inStream(..) is continuous).
*/
0 = c1.f*(<strong>if</strong> c1.f > 0 <strong>then</strong> s_mix <strong>else</strong> c1.s) +
c2.f*(<strong>if</strong> c2.f > 0 <strong>then</strong> s_mix <strong>else</strong> c2.s) +
c3.f*(<strong>if</strong> c3.f > 0 <strong>then</strong> s_mix <strong>else</strong> c3.s);
<strong>inStream</strong>(c1.s) = <strong>if</strong> c1.f > 0 <strong>then</strong> s_mix <strong>else</strong> <undefined>;
<strong>inStream</strong>(c2.s) = <strong>if</strong> c2.f > 0 <strong>then</strong> s_mix <strong>else</strong> <undefined>;
<strong>inStream</strong>(c3.s) = <strong>if</strong> c3.f > 0 <strong>then</strong> s_mix <strong>else</strong> <undefined>;
</pre></blockquote>
</html>"));
end Connectors;
package Conventions "Conventions"
extends Modelica.Icons.Information;
package Documentation "HTML documentation"
extends Modelica.Icons.Information;
package Format "Format"
extends Modelica.Icons.Information;
class Cases "Cases"
extends Modelica.Icons.Information;
annotation (Documentation(info="<html>
<p>In the Modelica documentation sometimes different cases have to be distinguished. If the case distinction refers to Modelica parameters or variables (Boolean expressions) the comparisons should be written in the style of Modelica code within <code><code></code> and <code></code></code>
</p>
<h4>Examples</h4>
<h5>Example 1</h5>
<p>
<code><p>If <code>useCage == true</code>, a damper cage is considered in the model...</p></code>
</p>
<p>appears as</p>
<p>If <code>useCage == true</code>, a damper cage is considered in the model...</p>
<p>
For more complex case scenarios, an unordered list should be used. In this case only Modelica specific code segments and Boolean expressions.
</p>
<h5>Example 2</h5>
<blockquote><pre>
<ul>
<li> If <code>useCage == true</code>, a damper cage is considered in the model.
Cage parameters must be specified in this case.</li>
<li> If <code>useCage == false</code>, the damper cage is omitted.</li>
</ul>
</pre></blockquote>
<p>appears as</p>
<ul>
<li> If <code>useCage == true</code>, a damper cage is considered in the model.
Cage parameters must be specified in this case.</li>
<li> If <code>useCage == false</code>, the damper cage is omitted.</li>
</ul>
<p>
In a more equation oriented case, additional equations or code segments can be added.
</p>
<h5>Example 3</h5>
<blockquote><pre>
<ul>
<li>if <code>usePolar == true</code>, assign magnitude and angle to output <br>
<!-- insert graphical representation of equations -->
y[i,1] = sqrt( a[i]^2 + b[i]^2 ) <br>
y[i,2] = atan2( b[i], a[i] )
</li>
<li>if <code>usePolar == false</code>, assign cosine and sine to output <br>
<!-- insert graphical representation of equations -->
y[i,1] = a[i] <br>
y[i,2] = b[i]
</li>
</ul>
</pre></blockquote>
<p>appears as</p>
<ul>
<li>if <code>usePolar == true</code>, assign magnitude and angle to output<br>
<img src=\"modelica://Modelica/Resources/Images/UsersGuide/Conventions/Documentation/Format/Cases/y_i1_polar.png\"
alt=\"y[i,1] = sqrt( a[i]^2 + b[i]^2 )\"><br>
<img src=\"modelica://Modelica/Resources/Images/UsersGuide/Conventions/Documentation/Format/Cases/y_i2_polar.png\"
alt=\"y[i,2] = atan2( b[i], a[i] )\">
</li>
<li>if <code>usePolar == false</code>, assign cosine and sine to output<br>
<img src=\"modelica://Modelica/Resources/Images/UsersGuide/Conventions/Documentation/Format/Cases/y_i1_rect.png\"
alt=\"y[i,1] = a[i]\"><br>
<img src=\"modelica://Modelica/Resources/Images/UsersGuide/Conventions/Documentation/Format/Cases/y_i2_rect.png\"
alt=\" y[i,2] = b[i]\">
</li>
</ul>
</html>"));
end Cases;
class Code "Code"
extends Modelica.Icons.Information;
annotation (Documentation(info="<html>
<p>
<a href=\"modelica://Modelica.UsersGuide.Conventions.ModelicaCode\">Modelica code</a> conventions of class and instance names,
parameters and variables are specified separately. In this section it is summarized how to refer to
Modelica code in the HTML documentation.
</p>
<ol>
<li> For constants, parameters and variables in code segments <code><code></code>
and <code></code></code> should to be used, e.g.,<br>
<code><strong>parameter</strong> Modelica.Units.SI.Time tStart "Start time"</code></li>
<li> Write multi or single line code segments as quoted preformatted text, i.e., embedded within
<code><blockquote><pre></code> and <code></pre></blockquote></code> tags.</li>
<li> Multi line or single line code shall not be additionally indented.</li>
<li> Inline code segments may be typeset with <code><code></code> and <code></code></code>.</li>
<li> In code segments use bold to emphasize Modelica keywords.</li>
</ol>
<h4>Examples</h4>
<h5>Example 1</h5>
<blockquote><pre>
<blockquote><pre>
<strong>connector</strong> Frame
...
<strong>flow</strong> SI.Force f[3] <strong>annotation</strong>(unassignedMessage="...");
<strong>end</strong> Frame;
</pre></blockquote>
</pre></blockquote>
<p>appears as</p>
<blockquote><pre>
<strong>connector</strong> Frame
...
<strong>flow</strong> SI.Force f[3] <strong>annotation</strong>(unassignedMessage="...");
<strong>end</strong> Frame;
</pre></blockquote>
<h5>Example 2</h5>
<blockquote><pre>
<blockquote><pre>
<strong>parameter</strong> Modelica.Units.SI.Conductance G=1 "Conductance";
</pre></blockquote>
</pre></blockquote>
<p>appears as</p>
<blockquote><pre>
<strong>parameter</strong> Modelica.Units.SI.Conductance G=1 "Conductance";
</pre></blockquote>
</html>"));
end Code;
class Equations "Equations"
extends Modelica.Icons.Information;
annotation (Documentation(info="<html>
<p>
In the context of <a href=\"http://www.w3c.org/\">HTML</a> documentation
equations should have a graphical representation in PNG format. For that purpose tool
specific math typing capabilities can be used. Alternatively the LaTeX to HTML translator
<a href=\"http://www.latex2html.org\">LaTeX2HTML</a>, or the
<a href=\"http://www.homeschoolmath.net/worksheets/equation_editor.php\">Online Equation Editor</a>
or <a href=\"http://www.codecogs.com/latex/eqneditor.php\">codecogs</a> can be used.
</p>
<p>
A typical equation, e.g., of a Fourier synthesis, could look like<br>
<img
src=\"modelica://Modelica/Resources/Images/UsersGuide/Conventions/Documentation/Format/Equations/fourier.png\"><br>
or<br>
<img
src=\"modelica://Modelica/Resources/Images/UsersGuide/Conventions/Documentation/Format/Equations/sample.png\"
alt=\"y=a_1+a_2\"><br>
In an <code>alt</code> tag the original equation should be stored, e.g.,</p>
<blockquote><pre>
<img
src="modelica://Modelica/Resources/Images/UsersGuide/Conventions/Documentation/Format/Equations/sample.png"
alt="y=a_1+a_2">
</pre></blockquote>
<p>
If one wants to refer to particular variables and parameters in the documentation text, either a
graphical representation (PNG file) or italic fonts for regular physical symbols and lower case
<a href=\"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/sgml/entities.html\">Greek letters</a>
should be used. Full word variables and full word indices should be spelled within
<code><code></code> and <code></code></code>.
Vector and array indices should be typeset as subscripts using the
<code><sub></code> and <code></sub></code> tags.
</p>
<p> Examples for such variables and parameters are:
<em>φ</em>, <em>φ</em><sub>ref</sub>, <em>v<sub>2</sub></em>, <code>useDamperCage</code>.
</p>
<h4>Numbered equations</h4>
<p>For numbering equations a one row table with two columns should be used. The equation number should be placed in the right column:</p>
<blockquote><pre>
<table border="0" cellspacing="10" cellpadding="2">
<tr>
<td><img
src="modelica://Modelica/Resources/Images/UsersGuide/Conventions/Documentation/Format/Equations/sample.png"
alt="y=a_1+a_2"> </td>
<td>(1)</td>
</tr>
</table>
</pre></blockquote>
<p>appears as:</p>
<table border=\"0\" cellspacing=\"10\" cellpadding=\"2\">
<tr>
<td><img
src=\"modelica://Modelica/Resources/Images/UsersGuide/Conventions/Documentation/Format/Equations/sample.png\"
alt=\"y=a_1+a_2\"></td>
<td>(1)</td>
</tr>
</table>
</html>"));
end Equations;
class Figures "Figures"
extends Modelica.Icons.Information;
annotation (Documentation(info="<html>
<p>
Figures should in particular be included to examples to discuss the problems and results of the respective model. The library developers are yet encouraged to add figures to the documentation of other components to support the understanding of the users of the library.
</p>
<ol>
<li> Figures have to be placed <strong>outside</strong> of paragraphs to be HTML compliant.</li>
<li> Figures need to have <strong>at least</strong> a <code>src</code> and an <code>alt</code> attribute defined to be HTML compliant.</li>
<li> Technical figures should be placed within a table environment. Each technical figure should then also have a caption. The figure caption starts with a capital letter.</li>
<li> Illustration can be embedded without table environment.</li>
</ol>
<h4>Location of files</h4>
<p>
The <code>PNG</code> files should be placed in a folder which exactly represents the package structure.
</p>
<h4>Examples</h4>
<h5>Example 1</h5>
<p>This example shows how an illustration should be embedded in the Example
<a href=\"modelica://Modelica.Blocks.Examples.PID_Controller\">PID_Controller</a> of the
<a href=\"modelica://Modelica.Blocks\">Blocks</a> package.
</p>
<blockquote><pre>
<img src="modelica://Modelica/Resources/Images/Blocks/PID_controller.png"
alt="PID_controller.png">
</pre></blockquote>
<h5>Example 2</h5>
<p>This is a simple example of a technical figure with caption.</p>
<blockquote><pre>
<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2">
<caption>Caption starts with a capital letter</caption>
<tr>
<td>
<img src="modelica://Modelica/Resources/Images/Blocks/PID_controller.png"
alt="PID_controller.png">
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</pre></blockquote>
<h5>Example 3</h5>
<p>To refer to a certain figure, a figure number may be added. In such case the figure name (Fig.) including the figure enumeration (1,2,...) have to be displayed bold using <code><strong></code> and <code></strong></code>.</p>
<p>The figure name and enumeration should look like this: <strong>Fig. 1:</strong></p>
<p>Figures have to be enumerated manually.</p>
<blockquote><pre>
<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2">
<caption><strong>Fig. 2:</strong> Caption starts with a capital letter</caption>
<tr>
<td>
<img src="modelica://Modelica/Resources/Images/Blocks/PID_controller.png"
alt="PID_controller.png">
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</pre></blockquote>
</html>"));
end Figures;
class Hyperlinks "Hyperlinks"
extends Modelica.Icons.Information;
annotation (Documentation(info="<html>
<ol>
<li> Hyperlinks should always be made when referring to a component or package.</li>
<li> The hyperlink text in between <code><a href="..."></code> and <code></a></code> should include the full main package name.</li>
<li> A link to an external component should include the full name of the package that it is referred to.</li>
<li> Modelica hyperlinks have to use the scheme <code>"modelica://..."</code></li>
<li> For hyperlinks referring to a Modelica component, see Example 1 and 2.</li>
<li> No links to commercial web sites are allowed.</li>
</ol>
<h4>Examples</h4>
<h5>Example 1</h5>
<blockquote><pre>
<a href="modelica://Modelica.Mechanics.MultiBody.UsersGuide.Tutorial.LoopStructures.PlanarLoops">
Modelica.Mechanics.MultiBody.UsersGuide.Tutorial.LoopStructures.PlanarLoops</a>
</pre></blockquote>
<p>appears as</p>
<a href=\"modelica://Modelica.Mechanics.MultiBody.UsersGuide.Tutorial.LoopStructures.PlanarLoops\">
Modelica.Mechanics.MultiBody.UsersGuide.Tutorial.LoopStructures.PlanarLoops</a>
<h5>Example 2</h5>
<blockquote><pre>
<p>
The feeder cables are connected to an
<a href="modelica://Modelica.Electrical.Machines.BasicMachines.InductionMachines.IM_SquirrelCage">
induction machine</a>.
</p>
</pre></blockquote>
<p>appears as</p>
<p>
The feeder cables are connected to an
<a href=\"modelica://Modelica.Electrical.Machines.BasicMachines.InductionMachines.IM_SquirrelCage\">
induction machine</a>.
</p>
</html>"));
end Hyperlinks;
class Lists "Lists"
extends Modelica.Icons.Information;
annotation (Documentation(info="<html>
<ol>
<li> Lists have to be placed <strong>outside</strong> of paragraphs to be HTML compliant.</li>
<li> Items of a list shall start with
<ol>
<li> a capital letter if each item is a full sentence</li>
<li> a small letter, if only text fragments are used or the list is fragment of a sentence</li>
</ol></li>
</ol>
<h4>Examples</h4>
<h5>Example 1</h5>
<p>This is a simple example of an enumerated (ordered) list</p>
<blockquote><pre>
<ol>
<li>item 1</li>
<li>item 2</li>
</ol>
</pre></blockquote>
<p>appears as</p>
<ol>
<li>item 1</li>
<li>item 2</li>
</ol>
<h5>Example 2</h5>
<p>This is a simple example of an unnumbered list.</p>
<blockquote><pre>
<ul>
<li>item 1</li>
<li>item 2</li>
</ul>
</pre></blockquote>
<p>appears as</p>
<ul>
<li>item 1</li>
<li>item 2</li>
</ul>
</html>"));
end Lists;
class References "References"
extends Modelica.Icons.Information;
annotation (Documentation(info="<html>
<ol>
<li> Refer to references by [1], [Andronov1973], etc. by hyperlink and summarize literature in the references subsection of
<a href=\"modelica://Modelica.UsersGuide.Conventions.UsersGuide.References\">Conventions.UsersGuide.References</a>.</li>
<li> There has to be made at least one citation to each reference.</li>
</ol>
<h4>Examples</h4>
<h5>Example 1</h5>
<blockquote><pre>
<p>
More details about electric machine modeling
can be found in [<a href="modelica://Modelica.UsersGuide.Conventions.UsersGuide.References">Gao2008</a>]
and
[<a href="modelica://Modelica.UsersGuide.Conventions.UsersGuide.References">Kral2018</a>, p. 149].
</p>
</pre></blockquote>
<p>appears as</p>
<p>
More details about electric machine modeling
can be found in [<a href=\"modelica://Modelica.UsersGuide.Conventions.UsersGuide.References\">Gao2008</a>]
and
[<a href=\"modelica://Modelica.UsersGuide.Conventions.UsersGuide.References\">Kral2018</a>, p. 149].
</p>
</html>"));
end References;
class Tables "Tables"
extends Modelica.Icons.Information;
annotation (Documentation(info="<html>
<ol>
<li> Tables should always be typeset with <code><table></code> and <code></table></code>,
not with <code><pre></code> and <code></pre></code>.</li>
<li> Tables have to be placed <strong>outside</strong> of paragraphs to be HTML compliant.</li>
<li> Each table must have a table caption.</li>
<li> Table headers and entries start with capital letters.</li>
</ol>
<h4>Examples</h4>
<h5>Example 1</h5>
<p>This is a simple example of a table.</p>
<blockquote><pre>
<table border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2">
<caption>Caption starts with a capital letter</caption>
<tr>
<th>Head 1</th>
<th>Head 2</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Entry 1</td>
<td>Entry 2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Entry 3</td>
<td>Entry 4</td>
</tr>
</table>
</pre></blockquote>
<p>appears as</p>
<table border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"2\">
<caption>Caption starts with a capital letter</caption>
<tr>
<th><strong>Head 1</strong></th>
<th><strong>Head 2</strong></th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Entry 1</td>
<td>Entry 2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Entry 3</td>
<td>Entry 4</td>
</tr>
</table>
<h5>Example 2</h5>
<p>In this case of table captions, the table name (Tab.) including the table enumeration (1,2,...)
has to be displayed bold using <code><strong></code> and <code></strong></code>. The table name
and enumeration should look like this: <strong>Tab. 1:</strong> Tables have to be enumerated manually.</p>
<blockquote><pre>
<table border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2">
<caption><strong>Tab 2:</strong> Caption starts with a capital letter</caption>
<tr>
<th>Head 1</th>
<th>Head 2</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Entry 1</td>
<td>Entry 2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Entry 3</td>
<td>Entry 4</td>
</tr>
</table>
</pre></blockquote>
<p>appears as</p>
<table border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"2\">
<caption><strong>Tab. 2:</strong> Caption starts with a capital letter</caption>
<tr>
<th>Head 1</th>
<th>Head 2</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Entry 1</td>
<td>Entry 2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Entry 3</td>
<td>Entry 4</td>
</tr>
</table>
</html>"));
end Tables;
annotation (Documentation(info="<html>
<p>
In this section the format UsersGuide of the HTML documentation are specified.
The <a href=\"modelica://Modelica.UsersGuide.Conventions.Documentation.Structure\">structure</a> of the documentation is specified separately.
</p>
<h4>Paragraphs</h4>
<ol>
<li> In each section the paragraphs should start with <code><p></code>
and terminate with <code></p></code>.</li>
<li> Do not write plain text without putting it in a paragraph.</li>